Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Perceived Stress And Attitudes Toward Menopause And Aging On Symptoms Of Menopause, Marcianna Nosek, Holly Powell Kennedy, Y Beyene, D Taylor, C Gilliss, K Lee

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

As part of a longitudinal study of midlife women, the aim of this investigation was to describe the intensity of menopausal symptoms in relation to level of perceived stress in a woman’s life and her attitudes toward menopause and aging. Data were collected on 347 women between the ages of 40–50 in Northern California who began the study while pre-menopausal. Women self identified as African American, European American, or Mexican/Central American. Data collected over 3 time points in the first 12 months were used for this analysis. An investigatordeveloped tool for perception of specific types of stress was used. Attitudes …

Library Anxiety Of Law Students: A Study Utilizing The Multidimensional Library Anxiety Scale, Stacey L. Bowers

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

The purpose of this study was to determine whether law students experienced library anxiety and, if so, which components contributed to that anxiety. The Multidimensional Library Anxiety Scale (mlas) developed by Dr. Doris Van Kampen was used to assess library anxiety levels of law students. The mlas is a 53 question Likert scale instrument that measures the construct of library anxiety. Participants in the study were law students enrolled in a private midwestern university during the 2009-2010 academic year who completed the survey instrument. Law students are a unique graduate school population who undergo an extremely rigorous and competitive course …

Research Note: Exploration Of Factors That Impede Door-To-Balloon Times, Erin Troby

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

When experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), more commonly known as a heart attack, patients need rapid treatment in order to open up and reestablish blood flow within the coronary artery. By far, the most common way to do this is an invasive procedure that allows a physician to inflate a tiny balloon into the plaque-filled area of the artery. The American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) have established a 90-minute goal for this procedure, which means that, from the time a patient enters the door of the emergency department (ED), the medical team has …

Factors Influencing Breastfeeding In A Hospital Setting, Mary Smith

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Breastfeeding is promoted across the globe as the optimum method of infant feeding (World Health Organization, WHO, 2003). Though there is a plethora of published benefits of breastfeeding for baby and mother, breastfeeding rates are below the national goal of 75% for Healthy People 2010 during early postpartum and considerably lower at six months and at one year (Li et al., 2005; HHS, 2000). Arkansas is significantly below the national average and goals, with only 60% of mothers ever breastfeeding versus 74% nationally (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, 2008). To meet these goals nationally and on a state …

Maternal Characteristics And Infant Birth Weight In Dayton, Ohio, Matthew Pellerite

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Objective: To better understand and identify modifiable maternal risk factors that are driving the increased incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in Montgomery County.

Background Information: LBW has lifelong effects on growth and development. These medical and social implications are coupled with an enormous economic burden. In the US, over 5.8 billion dollars are spent annually to care for LBW babies. Despite the recognition of these medical and economic challenges and the implementation of public campaigns to decrease rates, LBW trends have continued to increase. Between 1995 and 2005 the LBW rates in the US incrementally increased from 7.3% to …

A New Nonlinear Classifier With A Penalized Signed Fuzzy Measure Using Effective Genetic Algorithm, Julia Hua Fang, Maria L. Rizzo, Honggang Wang, Kimberly A. Espy, Zhenyuan Wang

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty Publications

This paper proposes a new nonlinear classifier based on a generalized Choquet integral with signed fuzzy measures to enhance the classification accuracy and power by capturing all possible interactions among two or more attributes. This generalized approach was developed to address unsolved Choquet-integral classification issues such as allowing for flexible location of projection lines in n-dimensional space, automatic search for the least misclassification rate based on Choquet distance, and penalty on misclassified points. A special genetic algorithm is designed to implement this classification optimization with fast convergence. Both the numerical experiment and empirical case studies show that this generalized …

Environmental Influences On Pediatric Obesity: An Examination Of The 2007 National Survey Of Children's Health (Nsch), Donny Dunfee

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Obese children are more likely to become obese as adults; hence, they are at increased risk for a number of adult diseases. As with adult obesity, several variables contribute to the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity. The intent of this report is to illustrate the connection between childhood obesity and the social environmental interactions of populations. With the increasing prevalence of obesity in adults and children, healthcare and public health professionals view childhood overweight and obesity as one of the most serious public health concerns of our time. This research conducts a secondary analysis of the National Survey of Children’s …

Demographic Factors That Predict Cervical Cancer Screenings In Ohio Women With Disabilities, Shari Mae Martin

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Cervical cancer screening (CCS) rates are lower for women with disabilities than for the general population. The purpose of this project was to describe cervical cancer screening rates in women with disabilities, living in Ohio, and explore the relationship of select demographic factors to cervical cancer screening participation.

Methods: A chart audit of 350 randomly selected women with disabilities, ages 20-80, enrolled in a statewide home care waiver program was completed.

Results: Less than half of the women (45.4%) had obtained a CCS within the last 3 years, compared to a rate of 82% for the general population of …

Integrating The Pcc4u Modules Into A New Undergraduate Nursing Curriculum: The Unda –Sydney Experience, John Ramjan, Catherine Costa, Louise Hickman, Jane L. Phillips

Nursing Conference Papers

Introduction (from Power Point Presentation)

Why integrate palliative care concepts into an undergraduate nursing course?

- Do generalist nurses need this specialist knowledge?

- Why not a single, discreet palliative care unit?

- When should these concepts be introduced?

‘I Stand Like A Woman’: Empowerment And Human Rights In The Context Of Community-Based Reintegration Of Girl Mothers Formerly Associated With Fighting Forces And Armed Groups, Miranda E. Worthen, A Veale, S Mckay, M Wessells

Faculty Publications

This article describes a multi-year participatory action research (PAR) study with young women and girls who were formerly associated with armed groups in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and northern Uganda and had children of their own during the conflict and with young mothers considered by their community to be especially vulnerable. Following a review of the literature on empowerment and human rights, the authors use examples from the PAR study to explore how empowerment and human rights relate in the context of reintegration of the most vulnerable members of society. In this context, the realization of rights and empowerment are inextricably …

Racial Differences In The Association Between Partner Abuse And Barriers To Prenatal Health Care Among Asian And Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander Women, Van M. Ta Park, D. Hayes

Faculty Publications

Objectives Prenatal health care (PNC) is associated with positive maternal and infant health outcomes. There is limited knowledge regarding Native Hawaiians/Other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI) and Asian women’s access to PNC especially among those with partner abuse (PA) experience. The objectives of this paper were to (1) describe and examine factors associated with PNC access barriers among mothers, by race; and, (2) determine the association between PA and PNC access, by race. Methods We analyzed 2004–2007 data from Hawai‘i’s Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (n = 7,158). The outcome is ≥1 experience with a PNC access barrier. PA is experience with …

Disparities In Self-Reported Postpartum Depression Among Asian, Hawaiian, And Pacific Islander Women In Hawai‘I: Pregnancy, Risk, Assessment, And Monitoring System (Prams), 2004-2007, D. K. Hayes, Van M. Ta Park, E. Hurwitz, K. M. Mitchell-Box, L. J. Fuddy

Faculty Publications

Postpartum depression affects 10–20% of women and causes significant morbidity and mortality among mothers, children, families, and society, but little is known about postpartum depression among the individual Asian and Pacific Islander racial/ethnic groups. This study sought to identify the prevalence of postpartum depression among common Asian and Pacific Islander racial/ethnic groups. Data from the Hawaii Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS), a population-based surveillance system on maternal behaviors and experiences before, during, and after the birth of a live infant, were analyzed from 2004 through 2007 and included 7,154 women. Questions on mood and interest in activities since …

Trends In Alcohol Use Among Hawai‘I Adolescents, Van M. Ta Park, D. S. Kittinger, L. A. Pham, R. J. Williams, L. N. Eller, C. R. Nigg

Faculty Publications

It is important to review trends in youth alcohol use over time in order to effectively tailor prevention programs to address those trends. This article reviews data on alcohol use behaviors from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Risk Behavior Survey in Hawai‘i from 1993 to 2007. Five alcohol use indicators were examined and stratified by grade level, from 9th grade through 12th grade. Significant drops in nearly all indicators are seen among 9th through 11th graders, but not among 12th graders. This suggests that Hawai‘i youth are responding well to anti-alcohol messaging as young teens, but a …

The Role Of Pete In Developing Joy-Oriented Physical Educators, Bonnie Tjeerdsma Blankenship, Suzan F. Ayers

Human Performance and Health Education Faculty Research

The current focus on utilitarian outcomes (e.g., fitness, health, skill development) in physical education has not been effective in producing life-long movers and makes physical activity a duty to be performed. An alternative to a utilitarian focus is to have a joy-oriented focus in which physical activity is promoted because it is joyful, pleasurable, and personally meaningful. In this paper, we present factors that inhibit a joy-oriented focus in physical education and reasons physical education teacher education (PETE) programs have thus far failed to produce joy-oriented physical education teachers. We then present a new approach to PETE—the foundational approach—in which …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 51 Number 4, Spring 2010, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

14 - BENDING LIGHT By Steven Boyd Saum. They wanted to show that green living is not a compromise. So, for the international Solar Decathlon, the SCU-led Team California built a house of light and wonder. And it was dazzling enough to win No. 3 on the planet.

22 - CONNECT THE DOTS By Scott Brown '93. From border security to disaster preparedness, Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano '79 has one immense portfolio. She's also the point person on immigration. How to put those together?

28 - THIS PLACE WE CALL HOME By Kristina Chiapella '09 '09. Generations ago, …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 52 Number 1, Summer 2010, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

16 - COURAGE IN THE FACE A photoessay from Haiti by Michael Lattimore. A journey to document humanitarian work by doctors in the wake of the January quake.

20 - PILGRIMAGE By Martha Stortz. Walking the Camino to Santiago de Compostela, and learning a few things along the way: about big questions, saints, direction, and feet.

28 - THE HISTORIANS An interview by Ron Hansen M.A '95. Between them, historians George Giacomini '56 and Tim O'Keefe can claim nearly a century of educating Santa Clara students. This year, both close the books on teaching in the classroom. But first they …

Assessing Adult Attitudes Toward End-Of-Life Issues And Advanced Directives After Implementing An Educational Intervention In A, Marchina Tolbert-Jones

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: There is a lack of discussion regarding end-of-life care planning which results in low advanced directive execution (AD) rates. This can lead to decision making by family, friends, and the health care team on behalf of patients whose end-of-life care wishes are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention in the work setting to increase end-of-life discussions and the execution of advanced directives. Methods: A descriptive design was used in an occupational workplace setting at a local bottling company after appropriate IRB approval was obtained. An educational intervention based on the …

Recent Diarrhea Is Associated With Elevated Salivary Igg Responses To Cryptosporidium In Residents Of An Eastern Massachusetts Community, A. I. Egorov, L. M. Montuori Trimble, L. Ascolillo, H. D. Ward, Deborah A. Levy, R. D. Morris, E. N. Naumova, J. K. Griffiths

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Serological data suggest that Cryptosporidium infections are common but underreported. The invasiveness of blood sampling limits the application of serology in epidemiological surveillance. We pilot-tested a non-invasive salivary anti-Cryptosporidium antibody assay in a community survey involving children and adults.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Families with children were recruited in a Massachusetts community in July; symptoms data were collected at 3 monthly follow-up mail surveys. One saliva sample per person (n = 349) was collected via mail, with the last survey in October. Samples were analyzed for IgG and IgA responses to a recombinant C. hominis gp15 sporozoite protein using a …

Substance Abuse: A Chronic Care Perspective, Michael James Sweitzer

Theses Digitization Project

This study provides an examination of the Chronic Care Model and its application to the treatment of substance abuse disorders. The hypothesis of the study was that elements of the Chronic Care Model are not being utilized within San Bernardino County's system of care. The study was conducted by having Alcohol and other Drug Counselors throughout San Bernardino County complete the study's 24-question quantitative survey. The purpose of this study is to add to the sparse literature related to the Chronic Care Model and its application to the alcohol and other drug (AOD) field. At this time the AOD field …

Health Disparities: A Look At Colorectal Cancer Screening In The Minority Community, Patrina Louise Archie

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to examine a physician's recommendation for ColoRectal Cancer screenings among Caucasians and minorities (African American, Asian American, and Latino). Past research on CRC has suggested that a history of CRC in a first degree relative elevates a person's lifetime risk. Furthermore, without a physician recommendation for early screening, the patient's chances of early detection are substantially lowered. This is why it is imperative to examine the complex factors that contribute to minorities who have lower CRC screening rates compared to Caucasians.

Reordered Subsets Reconstruction Of Proton Computed Tomography, Wenzhe Xue

Theses Digitization Project

This project investigates the improvement of iterative reconstruction using reordered subsets. Block iterative projection and Ordered Subset reconstruction algorithms are developed to improve the performance of image reconstruction. Contains source code.

Paying The Price For Black Masculinity: Investigating Sexual Behaviors Contributing To Hiv/Aids Infection And Death Of Black Women, Porsche Monic Terry

Theses Digitization Project

According to the Center for Disease Control (2005), African American women account for 64% of the nearly 127,000 women living with HIV/AIDS in the United States. The author conducted qualitative interviews with 30 adult Black males with a history of practicing Down Low (DL) sexual behavior-- engaging in homoerotic activities with their female partners. The purpose of this study is to provide insight into the DL subculture and to obtain useful information that is crucial to understanding how the DL male's personal struggles with sexuality and masculinity contribute to the disporportionate amount of Black women contracting HIV/AIDS.

Medamorphosis, Andrei Kreutzberg

Quill & Scope

No abstract provided.

Aspirin Dosing For The Prevention And Treatment Of Ischemic Stroke: An Indication-Specific Review Of The Literature, Alexander J. Ansara, Sarah A. Nisly, Sally A, Arif, Julia M. Koehler, Sarah T, Nordmeyer

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of aspirin for the treatment and prevention of ischemic stroke and identify the minimum dose proven to be effective for each indication.

DATA SOURCES: PubMed and MEDLINE searches (January 2009–January 2010) were performed to identify primary literature, using search terms including aspirin, stroke prevention, acute ischemic stroke, acetylsalicylic acid, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, and carotid endarterectomy. Additionally, reference citations from publications identified were reviewed.

STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Articles published in English were evaluated and relevant primary literature evaluating the efficacy of aspirin in the prevention of stroke was included in …

Pharmacokinetics Of Cefuroxime Are Not Significantly Altered By Cardiopulmonary Bypass In Children, Chad A. Knoderer, Sarah A. Saft, Scott G. Walker, Daniel P. Healy, Kevin M. Sowinski

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Poster presented at: SPA/AAP PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY 2010 - Winter Meeting; April 2010; San Antonio, TX.

Continuous Infusion Of Nafcillin For Sternal Osteomyelitis In An Infant After Cardiac Surgery, Chad A. Knoderer, Jennifer L. Morris, Elaine G. Cox

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

We report the use of the continuous infusion of nafcillin for the treatment of an infant who had methicillinsusceptible Staphylococcus aureus sternal osteomyelitis not responsive to traditional nafcillin dosing. The patient was successfully treated with surgical debridement and the continuous infusion of nafcillin. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the successful use of the continuous infusion of nafcillin to treat an infant who had sternal osteomyelitis after cardiac surgery.

The Impact Of An Immunization Training Certificate Program On The Perceived Knowledge, Skills And Attitudes Of Pharmacy Students Toward Pharmacy-Based Immunizations, Zachary A. Marcum, Carrie M. Maffeo, Iftekhar Kalsekar

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Objective: To assess the impact of a national immunization training certificate program on the perceived knowledge, skills and attitudes of pharmacy students toward pharmacy-based immunizations.

Methods: The study design utilized a pre- and post- survey administered to pharmacy students before and after the American Pharmacists Association’s (APhA) Pharmacy-Based Immunization Delivery program. The primary outcome explored was a change in the perceived knowledge, skills, and attitudes of the pharmacy students. A five-point Likert scale (i.e. strongly agree = 5, strongly disagree = 1) was used for measuring the main outcomes, which was summated by adding the individual item scores in each …

Functional Interplay Between Chromatin Remodeling Complexes Rsc, Swi/Snf And Iswi In Regulation Of Yeast Heat Shock Genes, Tamara Y. Erkina, Y. Zou, S. Freeling, V. I. Vorobyev, Alexander M. Erkine

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Chromatin remodeling is an essential part of transcription initiation. We show that at heat shock gene promoters functional interactions between individual ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes play critical role in both nucleosome displacement and Pol II recruitment. Using HSP12, HSP82 and SSA4 gene promoters as reporters, we demonstrated that while inactivation of SNF2, a critical ATPase of the SWI/SNF complex, primarily affects the HSP12 promoter, depletion of STH1- a SNF2 homolog from the RSC complex reduces histone displacement and abolishes the Pol II recruitment at all three promoters. From these results, we conclude that redundancy between SWI/SNF and RSC complexes …

Medication Use In Pregnant Women With Chronic Medical Conditions, Deborah S. Zeitlin

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Dr. Deborah Zeitlin addresses medication options for pregnant women with chronic conditions such as: hypertension, asthma, diabetes, and depression. Risks of medication use to the fetus are addressed.

Mandatory Pharmacy Residencies: One Way To Reduce Medication Errors, Rami B. Ibrahim, Lilian Baghat-Ibrahim, David J. Reeves

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

We read with disbelief about a newly graduated pharmacist dispensing 30 times the amount of injectable sodium bicarbonate intended, an error that led to a patient’s death.1 As clinicians, we wondered what clinical scenario might mandate the large amount of sodium bicarbonate dispensed—the answer was none. So why did the pharmacist dispense it? The answer is all too clear: With rare exceptions, institutional pharmacists nationwide are largely focused on dispensing. Postgraduate clinical training in the basic aspects of pharmacotherapy is scarce and not viewed as essential. Inadequate pharmacist training and a staffing shortage were suggested as contributing to the …