Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Daily Diabetina Tea Consumption On Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Fasting Glucose And Lipid Levels, And Body Mass Index In Normoglycemic Individuals, Lauren A. Emes, Daniel C. Benyshek

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease responsible for high levels of morbidity and mortality in the United States, especially among some ethnic minority populations. Diabetina tea, a commercially-available herbal blend tea, is a well known herbal remedy for high blood sugar among Hispanic American diabetics. This study will examine the effect of twice-daily unsweetened Diabetina tea consumption over an 8 week period on glucose (sugar) and lipid (fat) metabolism. Potential effects of Diabetina tea consumption on glucose metabolism will be measured by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose tests, while the potential effects of Diabetina tea consumption on …

Characterization Of The Omptin Protease, Ompt, In Escherichia Coli, Amanda Yates, Eun-Hae Kim, Helen Wing

Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program (UROP)

Omptins are outer membrane proteases found in gram negative bacteria that cause diseases in humans, such as pathogenic Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhimurium, and Yersinia pestis. Bacterial species that express omptins cause diseases such as highly fatal plague and severe diarrhea and dysentery. The genes that encode these proteases are ompT, icsP, pgtE, and pla, respectively. These proteases are highly related in structure and share approximately 50% sequence identity. In S. flexneri, IcsP has been shown to cleave a key virulence determinant, IcsA (Egile et al., 1997). IcsA recruits host actin and allows for intracellular movement within host cells …

Characteristics Of Patients Admitted To Florida Hospitals For Cardiovascular Diseases

Florida Public Health Review

The present study evaluated the variations in demographic and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Florida hospitals in 2005. Using the 2005 data from the Florida Agency for Health Care Administration, patients admitted for any CVD were extracted by using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition (ICD-9) codes. Of all patients (N=2,534,641) hospitalized in 2005, about 17.7% (n=450,559) were admitted for CVD. There were nine distinct diagnosis groups for CVD and about 33.2% and 31.8% of patients were admitted for other forms of heart disease (OHD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD), respectively. Cerebrovascular disease or …

Beck, Barbara (Fa 301), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 301. Paper: "Images of Nurses in Print Media: 'RN Magazine', January 1995-June 1995" written by Barbara Beck for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Social And Environmental Risk Factors For Hypertension In African Americans

Florida Public Health Review

This study tests the hypothesis that disparities of hypertension risk in African Americans is related to lead exposure, perceptions of racism, and stress, among urban (Roxbury, MA) and rural (Gadsden, FL) communities. Analysis of preliminary data from Phase I reveal 60% in Gadsden and 39% in Roxbury respondents self-reported having hypertension. In Gadsden 80% people did not know if their residence contained lead paint, compared to 45% in Roxbury. In Gadsden County, 58% of respondents reported experiencing racial discrimination in different settings compared with 72% in Roxbury. In regression analyses high cholesterol emerged as a significant predictors of hypertension in …

Muc4 Activates Her2 Signalling And Enhances The Motility Of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells., Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, A. P. Singh, Maneesh Jain, S. Chakraborty, N. Moniaux, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The mucin MUC4 is a high molecular weight transmembrane glycoprotein. It consists of a mucin-type subunit (MUC4alpha) and a transmembrane growth factor-like subunit (MUC4beta). The mucin MUC4 is overexpressed in many epithelial malignancies including ovarian cancer, suggesting a possible role in the pathogenesis of these cancers. In this study, we investigated the functional role of MUC4 in the human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3. The mucin MUC4 was ectopically expressed by stable transfection, and its expression was examined by western blot and confocal microscopy analyses. The in vitro studies demonstrated an enhanced motility of MUC4-expressing SKOV3 cells compared with the …

Ada News - 08/04/2008, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Image-Guided Raman Spectroscopic Recovery Of Canine Cortical Bone Contrast In Situ, Subhadra Srinivasan, Matthew Schulmerich, Jacqueline H. Cole, Kathryn Dooley, Jaclynn M. Kreider, Brian W. Pogue

Dartmouth Scholarship

Raman scattering provides valuable biochemical and molecular markers for studying bone tissue composition with use in predicting fracture risk in osteoporosis. Raman tomography can image through a few centimeters of tissue but is limited by low spatial resolution. X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging can provide high-resolution image-guidance of the Raman spectroscopic characterization, which enhances the quantitative recovery of the Raman signals, and this technique provides additional information to standard imaging methods. This hypothesis was tested in data measured from Teflon tissue phantoms and from a canine limb. Image-guided Raman spectroscopy (IG-RS) of the canine limb using CT images of the …

Microsome Biocolloids For Rapid Drug Metabolism And Inhibition Assessment By Lc-Ms, Besnik Bajrami, Sadagopan Krishnan, James F. Rusling

UCHC Articles - Research

Rat liver microsomes attached to nanoparticles were used for LC-MS studies of CYP3A and 2E1 enzymes in metabolism of N-nitroso compounds. Using these biocolloids, turnover rates were measured within 2 min. Inhibitor IC₅₀ values for ketoconazole (KET) and 4-methylpyrazole (4-MEP) were estimated.

Reply To Joseph Ellin's Of All Professions, Prostitution Is The Oldest (Except Possibly For Teaching), Michael Davis

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

No abstract provided.

Information Interface - Volume 36, Issue 3 - August/September 2008, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Information Interface (1976 - 2009)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users.

The Effects Of A Season-Long Relaxation Program On Anxiety And Performance In Female High School Track & Field Throwers, Jeremy Walker

Graduate Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a season-long relaxation breathing program on anxiety and performance in track and field throwers. It was hypothesized that the relaxation breathing technique would help to reduce anxiety and increase overall performance. Use of a single-subject research design was used to allow ongoing monitoring of each athlete’s anxiety levels and performance. Results indicated that 2 of the 3 participants had improved performance and reduced trait anxiety over the course of the season. Additional results indicated that there was no significant difference in performance between participants and non-participants and that the …

A Mismatch With Dual Process Models Of Addiction Rooted In Psychology, Reinout W. Wiers, Remco Havermans, Roland Deutsch, Alan W. Stacy

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

The model of addiction proposed by Redish et al. shows a lack of fit with recent data and models in psychological studies of addiction. In these dual process models, relatively automatic appetitive processes are distinguished from explicit goal-directed expectancies and motives, whereas these are all grouped together in the planning system in the Redish et al. model. Implications are discussed.

Positioning Hospice Care Within The Black And Hispanic Communities, Carol Armstrong

Graduate Theses

Nationally, hospice care and the signing of advance directives are underutilized by minority populations. Research on this phenomenon includes cultural differences, access to medical care and language barriers. A retrospective study of 1,817 closed patient charts from a local hospice was conducted to determine significant differences among the White, Black and Hispanic patient populations. The number of White patients admitted to both hospice homecare and to the hospice inpatient was significantly greater than the number of admissions of either the Black or Hispanic patients. There were no significant findings in the total number of services provided to each of the …

Effect Of The California Tobacco Control Program On Personal Health Care Expenditures, James M. Lightwood, Alexis Dinno, Stanton A. Glantz

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Large state tobacco control programs have been shown to reduce smoking and would be expected to affect health care costs. We investigate the effect of California's large-scale tobacco control program on aggregate personal health care expenditures in the state. Methods and Findings: Cointegrating regressions were used to predict (1) the difference in per capita cigarette consumption between California and 38 control states as a function of the difference in cumulative expenditures of the California and control state tobacco control programs, and (2) the relationship between the difference in cigarette consumption and the difference in per capita personal health expenditures …

The Influence Of Preferred Attentional Focus Strategies On Exercise Induced Changes In Affect, Erin L. Heltsley

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Along with the numerous physical benefits of exercise, past research has shown that physical activity can alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression in both clinical and non-clinical populations. Yet, it has been suggested less than half of American adults exercise at public health recommended levels. Therefore, it is important to identify factors that may lead to an increase in physical activity and, subsequently, improvements in mental health. Previous research, for the most part, has neglected to investigate how preference for attentional focus strategy during exercise influences mood. In addition, previous studies that involved attentional focus and exercise have focused more …

Volunteer Studies In Pain Research — Opportunities And Challenges To Replace Animal Experiments: The Report And Recommendations Of A Focus On Alternatives Workshop, C. K. Langley, Q. Aziz, C. Bountra, N. Gordon, P. Hawkins, A. Jones, G. Langley, T. Nurmikko, I. Tracey

Experimentation Collection

Despite considerable research, effective and safe treatments for human pain disorders remain elusive. Understanding the biology of different human pain conditions and researching effective treatments continue to be dominated by animal models, some of which are of limited value. British and European legislation demands that non-animal approaches should be considered before embarking on research using experimental animals. Recent scientific and technical developments, particularly in human neuroimaging, offer the potential to replace some animal procedures in the study of human pain. A group of pain research experts from academia and industry met with the aim of exploring creatively the tools, strategies …

Fifth Grader's Weight Status Perceptions, Alice Parker Hannifin

Graduate Research Projects

Childhood obesity is rising and children's perceptions of their weight status may be influential. This study analyzed the responses of 18 fifth grade students regarding their perception of their weight status. The participants included 12 girls and 6 boys obtained from a convenience sample at a rural elementary school. A positive correlation between weight perception and BMI was demonstrated(r= .804, p< 0.01), although some misperceptions were evident. The majority of students worried about their weight even if they were at a healthy weight. Overweight children responded that healthcare providers and parents are not talking to them about their weight. Participants recognized that diet and exercise are the main reasons for overweight in children. Health implications of life-long obesity are significant. This small study showed, as other studies, that problems in weight perception are evident at the 5th grade level.

Relationship Of Lactobacillus Casei To Prevention Of Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea Due To Clostridium Difficile, Kayal K. Chandramohan

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of Lactobacillus casei in preventing the occurrence of antibiotic associated diarrhea related to Clostridium difficile. Twenty-six patients, above the age of sixty years, who were prescribed antibiotic therapy and admitted to the Rehabilitation or Orthopedics Units at Union Hospital and who met the eligibility criteria were recruited for the study. Equal numbers of patients (13 in each group) were assigned to the Control and the Experimental group based on their admission date to the hospital and their willingness to consume a probiotic yogurt type drink. The patients in the experimental …

An All-Terrain Vehicle Safety Educational Program: Is It Effective In Improving Attitudes, Safety Knowledge, And Behaviors In Adolescents Ages 12 To 18?, Kim Elaine Young Vickous

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

All terrain vehicles (ATVs) are a popular source of recreation. For some rural adolescents, ATVs are frequently used for agricultural work. Whether for work or recreation, many adolescents operate ATVs improperly either from a lack of knowledge, poor judgment or they engage in risky behaviors resulting in injuries and fatalities.

The Kentucky Department of Agriculture (KDA) has devoted resources to provide ATV safety programs to educate adolescents statewide. However, there are no known studies evaluating the effectiveness of this KDA intervention. Therefore, a pilot study was proposed to determine the effectiveness of The KDA ATV safety program in improving ATV …

Population Structure Of Limenitis Butterflies In Hickman, Kentucky, Mollie Johnson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Two species of Limenitis butterflies occur along the Mississippi River at Hickman, Kentucky: the viceroy, L. archippus, and the red-spotted purple, L. arthemis astyanax. Limenitis archippus occurs at a frequency that is 10-30 times more abundant than its congener, L. arthemis astyanax. Interspecific matings between L. archippus and L. arthemis astyanax are very rare in the wild and give rise to a hybrid form Limenitis archippus X L. arthemis astyanax form rubidus. Only 7 heterospecific pairings between the parental species and 72 "rubidus" individuals have been documented in the wild in all of North America. Of these documented cases, 2 …

Professions "Of All Professions, Begging Is The Best" A Paper By Michael Davis. Response By Joseph Ellin. Professor Davis' Reply, Center For The Study Of Ethics In Society

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Michael Davis' original paper was presented to the Center of the Study of Ethics in Society Western Michigan University on October 4, 2007.

Mapping And Quantifying Hyperpolarized 3he Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Gradients, Andrea Evans, David G Mccormack, Giles Santyr, Grace Parraga

Medical Biophysics Publications

We measured hyperpolarized 3He magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) and quantified ADC gradients in each three-by-three voxel region of interest (ROI). Such local ADC gradients can be represented in vector maps showing the magnitude (|G3x3|) and direction of ADC gradients, providing a qualitative visualization tool and quantitative measurement of airway and air space heterogeneity. Twenty-four subjects (15 male, mean age=67+/-7 yr) with global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) stage II (n=9, mean age 68+/-6 yr), GOLD stage III chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; n=7, mean age 67+/-8 yr), and age-matched healthy volunteers (n=8, mean age …

Quantification Of Carotid Vessel Wall And Plaque Thickness Change Using 3d Ultrasound Images, Bernard Chiu, Micaela Egger, J David Spence, Grace Parraga, Aaron Fenster

Medical Biophysics Publications

Quantitative measurements of carotid plaque burden progression or regression are important in monitoring patients and in evaluation of new treatment options. 3D ultrasound (US) has been used to monitor the progression or regression of carotid artery plaques. This paper reports on the development and application of a method used to analyze changes in carotid plaque morphology from 3D US. The technique used is evaluated using manual segmentations of the arterial wall and lumen from 3D US images acquired in two imaging sessions. To reduce the effect of segmentation variability, segmentation was performed five times each for the wall and lumen. …

Distinct Functions Of Autoreactive Memory And Effector Cd4+ T Cells In Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Wassim Elyaman, Pia Kivisäkk, Jay Reddy, Tanuja Chitnis, Khadir Raddassi, Jaime Imitola, Elizabeth Bradshaw, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Hideo Yagita, Mohamed H. Sayegh, Samia J. Khoury

Jay Reddy Publications

The persistence of human autoimmune diseases is thought to be mediated predominantly by memory T cells. We investigated the phenotype and migration of memory versus effector T cells in vivo in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We found that memory CD4⁺ T cells up-regulated the activation marker CD44 as well as CXCR3 and ICOS, proliferated more and produced more interferon-γ and less interleukin-17 compared to effector T cells. Moreover, adoptive transfer of memory T cells into T cell receptor (TCR)αβ^-/- recipients induced more severe disease than did effector CD4⁺ T cells with marked central nervous system inflammation and …

What's Happening: August, 2008, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Hyponatraemia: Etiology, Management And Outcome, Aasima Yawar, Abdul Jabbar, Naeem Ul Haque, Lubna M Zuberi, Najmul Islam, Jaweed Akhtar

Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To determine the etiology of hyponatraemia, the treatment instituted and the outcome of treatment in a tertiary care hospital setting.

STUDY DESIGN: Case series.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, between January and June 2004.

METHODOLOGY: Case records of 220 patients admitted to the medical service were identified through computerized hospital patients' data. All patients (3) 15 years with a sodium level on admission of (2) 130 mmol/litre were included. The records of those patients were reviewed for relevant demographic, clinical and laboratory data, in addition to the diagnosis, treatment and outcome of hospitalization. The …

Factors Associated With Non-Adherence Among Psychiatric Patients At A Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan: A Questionnaire Based Cross-Sectional Study, Fawad Taj, Mansoor Tanwir, Zarmeneh Aly, Ameer Ali Khowajah, Asma Tariq, Fahd Khalid Syed, Fahd Waqar, Khezar Shahzada

Department of Psychiatry

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate predictors of non-adherence among psychiatric patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan, for follow-up with consultant psychiatrist.

METHODS: A convenient sampleof psychiatric patients from Aga Khan University Hospital was enrolled between April and May, 2005. An interviewer assisted, standardized questionnaire was used for data collection. Patients with cognitive deficit or psychosis and those presenting for the first time were not included in the study.

RESULTS: Out of 128 patients, those with co-morbidity (32.81%) were less adherent than those without comorbidity (p-value:0.002). Adherence among depressed was 61.53%; psychotic was 58.82%; bipolar disorder was 73.91%. Reasons for …

Migraine And Patent Foramen Ovale: Exploring The Association And A Possible Treatment Option, Muhammed Yaser Hasan

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Migraine is a very common type of headache. With a prevalence of 10-12%, migraine ranks 19th among diseases causing worldwide morbidity. Number of studies have shown a high prevalence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in patients with migraine, especially migraine with aura. The right to left shunting of blood in a PFO could serve as a conduit for chemicals that would exert a trigger effect on hyper excitable neurons leading to the development of migraine. Furthermore patients with PFO and migraine also show a marked improvement in their symptoms after percutaneous closure of the PFO. This review is a close …

Enterocutaneous Fistulae In Children - A Management Challenge, Ali Imran Amjad, Saqib Hamid Qazi, Zafar Nazir

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

No abstract provided.