Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Bronchiolar Chemokine Expression Is Different After Single Versus Repeated Cigarette Smoke Exposure, Tomoko Betsuyaku, Ichiro Hamamura, Junko Hata, Hiroshi Takahashi, Hiroaki Mitsuhashi, Tracy L. Adair-Kirk, Robert M. Senior, Masaharu Nishimura

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Aspects Of Coverage In Medical Dna Sequencing, Michael C. Wendl, Richard K. Wilson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Photochemical Studies Of Nutraceuticals In The Presence Of Cyclodextrins, Zlata Tofzikovskaya, Christine O'Connor, Mary Mcnamara

Conference Papers

The photostability studies of Folic acid and Menadione Sodium Bisulfite, also known as vitamin K3, were carried out in their aqueous solutions at room temperature. Solutions of Folic acid ( 4.8 x 10-5 M) and Menadione Sodium Bisulfite (4.0 x 10-4 M) were exposed to ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength of 365 nm. During exposure absorbance of both solutions was measured using a Perkin Elmer Lamda 900 UV/VIS/NIR Spectrometer. During the stability tests it was noted that addition of β Cyclodextrin (1:1 ratio) to aqueous solutions containing the vitamin slowed down the photodegradation process. The unique shape of Cyclodextrins allows …

Patient-Centred Laboratory Validation Using Software Agents, John Mcgrory, Jane Grimson, Frank Clarke, Peter Gaffney

Conference Papers

Guidelines are self-contained documents which healthcare professionals reference to obtain knowledge about a specific condition or process. They interface with these documents and apply known facts about specific patients to gain useful supportive information to aid in developing a diagnosis or manage a condition. To automate this process a series of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and workflow processes are constructed using the contents of these documents in order to manage the validation flow of a patient sample. These processes decompose the guidelines into workflow plans, which are then called using condition triggers controlled by a centralised management engine. The software …

A Crucial Role For Hvem And Btla In Preventing Intestinal Inflammation, Marcos W. Steinberg, Olga Turovskaya, Raziya B. Shaikh, Gisen Kim, Declan F. Mccole, Klaus Pfeffer, Kenneth M. Murphy, Carl F. Ware, Mitchell Kronenberg

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Aadej Comm 39 1 2008

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicator is the official journal of the American Association of Dental Editors and Journalists (AADEJ). It is published quarterly, distributed digitally via email to members, and posted on the Association's website, AADEJ.org. Each issue includes regular updates from the editorial team and AADEJ board, as well as feature articles on current issues in the field.

A Competence-Based Curriculum For Environmental Health, Steven Konkel

Environmental Health Planning and Policy

No abstract provided.

Maternal Awareness Of The Association Between Paediatric Diet And Adult Disease Risk: A Follow-Up To The Dit-Coombe Hospital Study., Qianling Zhou, Katherine Younger, John Kearney

Conference Papers

Chronic disease has been traditionally attributed to risk factors in adulthood; however, current orthodoxy suggests that the true origins of such diseases are initiated much earlier in life from inappropriate nutritional circumstances arising during the formative years(1). The present study was undertaken to examine current maternal attitudes towards the importance of paediatric diet in relation to adult diseases and to determine the extent to which attitudinal differences between subgroups in the population exist. A non-randomised postal follow-up survey to the DIT–Coombe Hospital Infant Feeding Study was carried out, involving the recruitment of 209 mothers from a pool sample of 520 …

Planning In The Irish Healthcare System; Legislative Strategy Or Administrative Control?, Vivienne Byers

Articles

Although strategic planning in healthcare has been in evidence in many OECD countries since the 1970s, it did not emerge in Ireland until the advent of legislatively mandated service planning in the 1990s. This occurred in the context of significant managerial, organisational and environmental change. One of the central mechanisms of the Strategic Management Initiative is the devolution of accountability and responsibility from the centre to the periphery. Service planning in the health sector in Ireland is seen as part of this strategic planning ethos. This paper reports on part of a wider study that examined both the intent and …

Hiv-1 Tat And Aids-Associated Cancer: Targeting The Cellular Anti-Cancer Barrier?, Giuseppe Nunnari, Johanna A Smith, René Daniel

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is accompanied by a significant increase in the incidence of neoplasms. Several causative agents have been proposed for this phenomenon. These include immunodeficiency and oncogenic DNA viruses and the HIV-1 protein Tat. Cancer in general is closely linked to genomic instability and DNA repair mechanisms. The latter maintains genomic stability and serves as a cellular anti-cancer barrier. Defects in DNA repair pathway are associated with carcinogenesis. This review focuses on newly discovered connections of the HIV-1 protein Tat, as well as cellular co-factors of Tat, to double-strand break DNA repair. We propose that the Tat-induced …

Distinguishing Post-Treatment Changes From Recurrent Disease In Cholangiocarcinoma: A Case Report., Timothy N Showalter, A Omer Nawaz, Frederick M Fellin, Pramila R Anne, Ernest L Rosato, Adam P Dicker

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Three-dimensional techniques for radiotherapy have expanded possibilities for partial volume liver radiotherapy. Characteristic, transient radiographic changes can occur in the absence of clinical radiation-induced liver disease after hepatic radiotherapy and must be distinguished from local recurrence. CASE PRESENTATION: In this report, we describe computed tomography changes after chemoradiotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma as an example of collaboration to determine the clinical significance of the radiographic finding. CONCLUSION: Because of improved three-dimensional, conformal radiotherapy techniques, consultation across disciplines may be necessary to interpret post-treatment imaging findings.

Individual Differences In The Conceptualization Of Food Across Eating Contexts, Christine E. Blake

Faculty Publications

Individual differences in food-related knowledge structures were explored by applying schema theory to examine the categories 42 adults used to classify foods across four eating contexts. Food card-sort labels were organized in 12 categories, category salience for each person was evaluated, and cluster analysis was used to identify clusters of participants according to the salience of their categories. Clusters were further evaluated for complexity and consistency of category use across contexts. Seven food schema clusters were identified. Meal/time and Routine categories were the most salient overall and were used by most clusters. Well-being, Person, Source, Convenience, Meal component, and Food …

An Educational Resource Forum For Family Caregivers Of Individuals With Alzheimer's Disease, Tina Langlie, Karli Morman

Occupational Therapy Capstones

There are currently 10 million Americans who care for a loved one with Alzheimer's disease or another form of dementia (Alzheimer's Association, 2008). Monitoring and maintaining the health of the caregiver is important because it allows the individual with Alzheimer's disease to remain in their familiar home environment for as long as possible. It has been proven that both physical and emotional health of a caregiver decline with the demands associated with caregiving (O'Rourke, Cappeliez, & Neufeld, 2007). Healthcare professionals are responsible for assisting caregivers with maintaining their own health while caring for their loved one. Therefore, it is important …

An Occupational Therapy Guide For Teaching Handwriting Skills To Adults, Kyla Miller, Nichole Schroeder

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Handwriting is a skill utilized widely by adults; however, there is a lack of guidelines, information, or literature on the subject as it relates to adults. The purpose of this project was to develop guidelines for occupational therapists to use when providing handwriting interventions with adults. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, DynaMed, and professional journals to further understand the topic of handwriting with adults and its relation to occupational therapy. Currently, there is limited research and information regarding handwriting with adults and no programs or guidelines were found to assist occupational therapists in developing treatment interventions …

Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Course For Occupational Therapy Students, Alison Cherney, Shauna Gregoire-Norrie

Occupational Therapy Capstones

There is limited information regarding the occupational therapists role in the cardiac rehabilitation setting. This lack of information may contribute to a limited amount of therapists working in this setting. Through the identification of this problem, the need for a course on cardiac rehabilitation for occupational therapy students was identified. The course was intended to expand the students’ knowledge of cardiac rehabilitation and the position of an occupational therapist within this setting.

A literature review was conducted utilizing several research databases which include PubMed, ERIC, and SCOPUS in order to determine the depth of information available regarding educational theories, educational …

Reintegrating Military Personnel To Community Life: An Occupational Therapy Perspective, Carlotta Booth, Heather Hanson

Occupational Therapy Capstones

The numbers of returning service men and women from Iraq and Afghanistan are experiencing combat-related complications is an area of growing concern for military health providers. This scholarly project investigated the risk factors and problems associated with post traumatic stress disorder among service men and women returning from military duty in Iraq and Afghanistan. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine occupational performance issues faced by the returning soldier. The most significant complications include: inadequate coping skills, loss of interest/participation in leisure, vocational disruptions, problems with reintegrating into the family structure, and ineffective communication/interpersonal skills.

The Lifestyle Redesign Program …

Achieving Positive Benefits For Chronic Pain: Complementary And Alternative Medicine And Occupational Therapy, Cheryl A. Keffeler

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Complementary and alternative medicine can fit into the occupational therapy practice framework to prepare chronic pain patients for participation in occupational performance. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies can be used preparatory to the therapy process or as treatment modalities in their own right.

A comprehensive literature review explores the use and efficacy of complementary and alternative medicine associated with chronic pain diagnoses seen by occupational therapists. Massage, yoga, biofeedback and cognitive-behavioral therapy, Feldenkrais, and Pilates are all techniques that can be utilized by occupational therapists. However, Pilates and Feldenkrais methods are used less frequently by occupational therapists, possibly due …

The Effects Of A Heel Lift On Gait Parameters During Ambulation For People With Hemipareses, Bryan Avery, Lindsay Riley, Shannon Webster

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

People with hemiparesis can have difficulty weight-bearing through their involved lower extremity. This can lead to asymmetry during static standing and dynamic activities including gait. Previous research has shown improved symmetry in static standing when a heel lift is inserted under the non-paretic lower extremity. The purpose of this study is to determine if a heel lift can improve symmetry during dynamic gait in people with hemiparesis.

Five subjects (1 female, 4 male) with unilateral hemiparesis were recruited from the community. All demonstrated greater than 55% of weight-bearing on the non-paretic limb in static standing. Hemiparesis resulted from either a …

Effectiveness Of Pelvic Floor Exercises On Women With Urinary Incontinence :, Kayla Bucher, Brittany Carter, Ashley Waller, Rachel Zinski

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Exercises in Women with Urinary Incontinence Purpose: Urinary incontinence is common in women; especially those who have had one or more vaginal deliveries. The purpose of our case study was to measure the effectiveness of pelvic floor exercises and biofeedback in women with urinary incontinence (VI) in a rural midwest physical therapy clinic.

Methods: Patients participating in this study were referred to a physical therapy clinic by their physician for a urinary incontinence program. During the initial evaluations, baseline biofeedback readings were recorded and home exercise programs were given. Patients were then seen for follow-ups at …

The Influence Of Partial Body Weight Support On The Muscle Activity In Normal Subjects: On Incline/Decline Surfaces At A Constant Speed, Kristin Citterman, Leanne Gere, Jessica Price, Kayley Uvaas

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to collect data on the effects of incline and decline surfaces, combined with partial body weight support (PBWS), on muscle activity of the lower extremities during treadmill walking for normal subjects. By collecting lower extremity electromyographical (EM G) data we hope that the information may be applied to the development of treatment alternatives or future research options for patients with both neurological and orthopedic dysfunction.

Methods: Twenty subjects (14 female, 6 male) were recruited for this study. EMG data was collected for lower extremity muscle activity during conditions of level, incline …

Effects Of External Ankle Support On Dynamic Movements: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Danny Henderson, Brian O'Neal, Kevin Voss, Bret Zowada

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Ankle sprains, are one of the most common injuries among athletes and individuals that perform dynamic activities on a daily basis. A common treatment or prevention for ankle sprain is the use of external ankle support in the form of braces or tape. This study's purpose was to determine whether external ankle support influenced dynamic performance measures.

The study consisted of 15 males and 15 females totaling thirty participants with a mean age of24.67 years old. Subjects were included if they were healthy and had no previous ankle injuries. Using the NeuroCom Balance Master 8.2, each subject performed two dynamic …

Emg Analysis Of A Hamstring Co-Contraction And Its Effects On Abdominal Strength, Stephanie Rodman, Heather Robbins, Rebecca Thurn

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: Back pain and instability are common diagnoses treated by physical therapists. Treatment often includes abdominal or core strengthening exercises that act to improve stability about the lumbar spine. Hip flexors prevent the weaker abdominal muscles from working to their full potential and increase the lumbar lordosis placing the spine at risk of injury. Hip extensors work with abdominal muscles to reduce the lumbar lordosis, and restrict the hip flexor activity, allowing a stronger abdominal contraction. The purpose of this study was to determine if a co-contraction of the hamstring muscles during an abdominal crunch increased the electromyographic …

Analyzing Seated Pressure On Different Surfaces Using The Fsa Pressure Mapping System, Christine Robinson, Sara Sailer, Jennifer Weber, Amber Weide

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Pressure ulcers are a current problem for many individuals, both ambulatory and non-ambulatory. Insurance companies offer few policies and programs for individuals with pressure ulcers who are ambulatory, leaving these individuals minimal options to acquire pressure reliving devices that are covered by insurance. Non-traditional, inexpensive pressure reliving devices may be used as a cost effective alternative to a more expensive cushion. Little research has been conducted to determine if a less expensive device, such as a Homedics Micropedic Therapy pillow, would be effective in relieving pressure while seated.

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a …

The Development Of A Test Of Letter And Number Reversal Tendency For Primary School Children, Janet Richmond, Ted Brown

ECU Posters

Development of a standardised instrument to assess visual perceptual skills or primary age school children using letters and numbers

Upa Is Upregulated By High Dose Celecoxib In Women At Increased Risk Of Developing Breast Cancer., Wenyi Qin, Weizhu Zhu, John E Hewett, George Rottinghaus, Yin-Chieh Chen, John T Flynn, Beth Kliethermes, Ferdinando Mannello, Edward R Sauter

Department of Physiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: While increased urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression in breast cancer tissue is directly associated with poor prognosis, recent evidence suggests that uPA overexpression may suppress tumor growth and prolong survival. Celecoxib has been shown to have antiangiogenic and antiproliferative properties. We sought to determine if uPA, PA inhibitor (PAI)-1 and prostaglandin (PG)E2 expression in nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) and uPA and PGE2 expression in plasma were altered by celecoxib dose and concentration in women at increased breast cancer risk.

METHODS: NAF and plasma samples were collected in women at increased breast cancer risk before and 2 weeks after taking …

Malleable Machines In Transcription Regulation: The Mediator Complex, Ágnes Tóth-Petróczy, Christopher J. Oldfield, István Simon, Yuichiro Takagi, A. Keith Dunker, Vladimir N. Uversky, Monika Fuxreiter

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

The Mediator complex provides an interface between gene-specific regulatory proteins and the general transcription machinery including RNA polymerase II (RNAP II). The complex has a modular architecture (Head, Middle, and Tail) and cryoelectron microscopy analysis suggested that it undergoes dramatic conformational changes upon interactions with activators and RNAP II. These rearrangements have been proposed to play a role in the assembly of the preinitiation complex and also to contribute to the regulatory mechanism of Mediator. In analogy to many regulatory and transcriptional proteins, we reasoned that Mediator might also utilize intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) to facilitate structural transitions and transmit …

Assessing Conservation Of Disordered Regions In Proteins, Ágnes Tóth-Petróczy, Bálint Mészáros, István Simon, A. Keith Dunker, Vladimir N. Uversky, Monika Fuxreiter

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are highly populated in eukaryotic proteomes and serve pivotal, mostly regulatory functions. Many IDRs appear to be functionally conserved and analysis of protein domains indicates high propensity of conserved regions predicted to be disordered. Nevertheless, it is difficult to assess conservation of IDRs in general due to their fast evolution and low sequence similarity. We propose three measures to evaluate conservation of IDRs: i) similarities of the disorder profiles using different prediction conditions; ii) the conservation of amino acids with propensities for promoting either disorder or order; and iii) the overlap between disordered/ordered regions. These measures …

A Comparative Analysis Of Viral Matrix Proteins Using Disorder Predictors, Gerard Kian-Meng Goh, A. Keith Dunker, Vladimir N. Uversky

Molecular Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: A previous study (Goh G.K.-M., Dunker A.K., Uversky V.N. (2008) Protein intrinsic disorder toolbox for comparative analysis of viral proteins. BMC Genomics. 9 (Suppl. 2), S4) revealed that HIV matrix protein p17 possesses especially high levels of predicted intrinsic disorder (PID). In this study, we analyzed the PID patterns in matrix proteins of viruses related and unrelated to HIV-1.

Results: Both SIVmac and HIV-1 p17 proteins were predicted by PONDR VLXT to be highly disordered with subtle differences containing 50% and 60% disordered residues, respectively. SIVmac is very closely related to HIV-2. A specific region that is predicted …

Professional Product Review Vol. 3 No. 1, American Dental Association, Council On Scientific Affairs

Professional Product Review

A user-friendly newsletter from the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs offering scientifically sound, unbiased, and clinically relevant information to member dentists about professional dental products tested by the ADA. This collection is historical and may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA.

Gender Disparities: A Medical Detoxification Program, Alberto Coustasse, Karan P. Singh, Sue G. Lurie, Yu-Sheng Lin, Claudia S. Coggin, Fernando Trevino

Management Faculty Research

Significant gaps exist in health care regarding gender in the United States. Health status, social roles, culturally patterned behavior and access to health care can be influenced by gender. Women have been the primary users of health care and minority women usually have received poorer quality care than Non-Hispanic White (NHW) females. The objectives of this study were to identify gender, racial and ethnic disparities in access to substance abuse treatment in a Texas hospital. Secondary data collected on 1,309 subjects who underwent detoxification were studied. Gender, race/ethnicity, drug of abuse, relapse and financial classification were included in the analysis. …