Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

2008 Supplement Vol. 2, American Dental Association

ADA Transactions

This item is part of the Supplements subtitle of The ADA Transactions, a serial publication of the annual activities of the ADA House of Delegates (HOD)/Board of Trustees (BOT) made up of three separate subtitles: Annual Reports and Resolutions, Supplements, and the Transactions. Generally, The ADA Transactions are published in multiple volumes throughout the year. The Supplements function like an appendix and are, in more recent editions, numbered separately with page numbers determined by HOD reference committee assignation. Items are described variously as "Supplement #", "Volume #", etc. throughout the series but have been labeled here as Vol. # for …

Children's Mercy Hospital Annual Report 2007, Children's Mercy Hospital

Children's Mercy Annual Reports

Annual report for The Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Chronic Wasting Disease In A Wisconsin White-Tailed Deer Farm, Delwyn P. Keane, Daniel J. Barr, Phillip N. Bochsler, S. Mark Hall, Thomas Gidlewski, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Terry R. Spraker, Michael D. Samuel

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

In September 2002, chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion disorder of captive and wild cervids, was diagnosed in a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from a captive farm in Wisconsin. The facility was subsequently quarantined, and in January 2006 the remaining 76 deer were depopulated. Sixty animals (79%) were found to be positive by immunohistochemical staining for the abnormal prion protein (PrP^CWD) in at least one tissue; the prevalence of positive staining was high even in young deer. Although none of the deer displayed clinical signs suggestive of CWD at depopulation, 49 deer had considerable accumulation of …

Evaluation And Management Of Peripheral Nerve Injury, William W. Campbell

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Common etiologies of acute traumatic peripheral nerve injury (TPNI) include penetrating injury, crush, stretch, and ischemia. Management of TPNI requires familiarity with the relevant anatomy, pathology, pathophysiology, and the surgical principles, approaches and concerns. Surgical repair of TPNI is done at varying time intervals after the injury, and there are a number of considerations in deciding whether and when to operate. In neurapraxia, the compound muscle and nerve action potentials on stimulating distal to the lesion are maintained indefinitely; stimulation above the lesion reveals partial or complete conduction block. The picture in axonotmesis and neurotmesis depends on the time since …

Association Between Alcohol Consumption And Both Osteoporotic Fracture And Bone Density, Karina M. Berg, Hillary V. Kunins, Jeffrey L. Jackson, Shadi Nahvi, Amina Chaudhry, Kenneth A. Harris Jr., Rubina Malik, Julia H. Arnsten

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

OBJECTIVE: Alcoholism is a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures and low bone density, but the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on bone are unknown. We performed a systematic review and metaanalysis to assess the associations between alcohol consumption and osteoporotic fractures, bone density and bone density loss over time, bone response to estrogen replacement, and bone remodeling.
METHODS: MEDLINE, Current Contents, PsychINFO, and Cochrane Libraries were searched for studies published before May 14, 2007. We assessed quality using the internal validity criteria of the US Preventive Services Task Force.
RESULTS: We pooled effect sizes for 2 specific outcomes (hip fracture …

Chlorothalonil Exposure And Cancer Incidence Among Pesticideapplicator Participants In The Agricultural Health Study, Alicia M. Mozzachio, Jennifer A. Rusiecki, Jane A. Hoppin, Rajeev Mahajan, Rahulkumar Patel, Laura Beane-Freeman, Michael Cr Alavanja

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Background: Chlorothalonil is a broad spectrum, non-systemic fungicide widely used to control diseases affecting over 50 fruit, vegetable, and agricultural crops. Despite its extensive use for over 30 years, little is known about the potential human carcinogenicity associated with the routine application of chlorothalonil. Rodent studies have shown evidence of renal tubular carcinomas and adenomas. We explored cancer incidence with chlorothalonil exposure using data from the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort of licensed pesticide applicators in Iowa and North Carolina.
Methods: Licensed private and commercial pesticide applicators were recruited into this study from 1993 to 1997. Detailed information regarding …

Aortic Valve Disease In Turner Syndrome, Vandana Sachdev, Lea Ann Matura, Stanislav Sidenko, Vincent B. Ho, Andrew E. Arai, Douglas R. Rosing, Carolyn A. Bondy

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Objective: Our goal was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of aortic valve disease in girls and women with monosomy for the X chromosome, or Turner syndrome (TS).

Background: Complications from congenital aortic valve disease are a major source of premature mortality in TS, but accurate data on the prevalence of aortic valve abnormalities and their association with aortic root dilation are not available.

Methods: This prospective study characterized the aortic valve and proximal aorta in 253 individuals with TS age 7 to 67 years using transthoracic echocardiography as our primary screening tool, supplemented with magnetic resonance imaging.

Results: Transthoracic …

The Public Health Implications Of Trafficking, Tami Ashbridge

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Trafficking in human beings is a serious and complex human rights issue. Trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation has grave public health implications. The vulnerability of women and children increases their risk of becoming victims of trafficking for the purposes of sexual exploitation. Review of the literature on this subject demonstrates a direct link between the trafficking of women and children for sexual exploitation and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS, STIs and Reproductive/Gynecological Issues, Mental Health, Violence, Abuse and Social Issues. This review supports the concept of human trafficking as a serious public health issue and the need for improved …

Child Psychosocial Adjustment And Parenting In Families Affected By Maternal Hiv/Aids, Tanya L. Tompkins, Gail E. Wyatt

Faculty Publications

Child adjustment and parenting were examined in 23 9-through 16-year-old youth from families affected by maternal HIV infection and 20 same-age peers whose mothers were not infected. Children whose mothers were seropositive reported significantly more externalizing problems. Infected mothers reported less age-appropriate supervision/monitoring relative to non-infected mothers. Better mother-child relationship quality and less impairment in parental supervision/monitoring of age-appropriate youth behaviors were associated with fewer externalizing difficulties among the HIV-positive group only. Similarly, only among HIV-infected mothers was refraining from engaging in inconsistent disciplinary tactics associated with lower reports of internalizing and externalizing problems. These data highlight the promise of …

Adult Qdts, English, Marianne E. Weiss

Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale

The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale, and Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale were developed by Dr. Marianne Weiss to measure nurse-sensitive discharge care processes and patient outcomes. Three versions of the scales were developed concurrently for different patient populations – Adult medical-surgical patients, Parents of hospitalized children, and Postpartum Patient mothers (see Weiss & Piacentine, 2006, Weiss et al., 2007, and Bobay et al., 2018 for description of the development and initial testing). Additional scales and information about translation rights are located at Marquette Nursing.

PERMISSION TO USE

The Readiness for Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge …

Ped-Pdcds English, Marianne E. Weiss

Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale

The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale, and Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale were developed by Dr. Marianne Weiss to measure nurse-sensitive discharge care processes and patient outcomes. Three versions of the scales were developed concurrently for different patient populations – Adult medical-surgical patients, Parents of hospitalized children, and Postpartum Patient mothers (see Weiss & Piacentine, 2006, Weiss et al., 2007, and Bobay et al., 2018 for description of the development and initial testing). Additional scales and information about translation rights are located at Marquette Nursing.

PERMISSION TO USE

The Readiness for Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge …

Conformational Changes And Flexibility In T-Cell Receptor Recognition Of Peptide–Mhc Complexes, Kathryn M. Armstrong, Kurt H. Piepenbrink, Brian M. Baker

Food for Health: Publications

A necessary feature of the immune system, TCR (T-cell receptor) cross-reactivity has been implicated in numerous autoimmune pathologies and is an underlying cause of transplant rejection. Early studies of the interactions of αβ TCRs (T-cell receptors) with their peptide–MHC ligands suggested that conformational plasticity in the TCR CDR (complementarity determining region) loops is a dominant contributor to T-cell cross-reactivity. Since these initial studies, the database of TCRs whose structures have been solved both bound and free is now large enough to permit general conclusions to be drawn about the extent of TCR plasticity and the types and locations of motion …

Web 2.0: Experiences In Teaching Quality Use Of Medicines (Qum) To Undergraduate Nurses., Jed S. Duff, Karen Baskett

Nursing Conference Papers

Quality Use of Medicine (QUM) means selecting management options wisely; choosing suitable medicines if a medicine is considered necessary; and using medicines safely and effectively. Even though QUM has been a key component of the national medicines policy since 1992, there is much concern that it is not widely known or understood by nurses, one of the professional groups responsible for its implementation. The challenge for nurse educators is to try and incorporate QUM into the nursing curriculum. Unfortunately, lecturers are already pressured by the insufficient time allocated for teaching pharmacology. These time pressures force students to memorise long lists …

Perceptions Of External Stakeholders Regarding The Development Of Clinical Governance: A Western Australian Perspective, Heather Gluyas, Selma Alliex

Nursing Conference Papers

The current context of healthcare delivery is one that emphasises patient safety and high quality care. This focus on patient safety within the health industry has lead to the widespread adoption of the term clinical governance. Clinical governance has two aspects. Firstly, this term describes the systems and processes that a health agency has in place to detail accountability and responsibility for patient safety. Secondly, the term clinical governance also encompasses the mechanisms used to monitor and measure patient outcomes to ensure optimum quality care (Balding, 2005).

The growing awareness of the vulnerability of patients to safety related incidents was …

Sink Or Swim: Bridging The Gap Between The Flags, Karen Clark-Burg

Nursing Conference Papers

The focus of this presentation is on the nursing undergraduate curriculum at Notre Dame University and its contribution towards the recruitment of perioperative nurses in the nursing workforce. I will display aspects of the undergraduate curriculum that supports student nurses therefore preventing them from floundering in the breakers ‘sinking’ in the Deep blue ocean of perioperative nursing.

Systematic Review Of Physiotherapy During Acute Exacerbations Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Aecopd), K Hill, Shane Patman, D Brooks

Health Sciences Conference Papers

In COPD patients, acute exacerbations are important events. Reviews of studies investigating treatment during AECOPD focus on medical management, with little discussion of physiotherapy. Therefore a systematic review was undertaken of the studies pertaining to physiotherapy during AECOPD. Methods: Studies were identified by searching databases and scanning reference lists. Appropriate studies were reviewed by two independent investigators. Data were extracted using a standardized form. Where possible, a score was assigned using the PEDro scale for assessment of study quality.

HIll, K., Patman, S., & Brooks, D. (2008). Systematic review of physiotherapy during Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD). …

Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy Education – Are We Achieving The Vision?, Shane Patman

Health Sciences Conference Papers

This action research project comprised a broad macro situational analysis type review targeting clinicians conducting cardiorespiratory placements and those providing mentoring/supervision for the The University of Notre Dame Australia. The intent was to gain a perspective from the clinicians and supervisors whether current curriculum content and design was effectively preparing students for the real world of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy. By inference, an avenue for reflection on teaching skill and performance was provided.

Benchmarking Intensive Care Physiotherapy Staffing In Australian Tertiary Hospitals, Wenxing Sun, Shane Patman

Health Sciences Conference Papers

Physiotherapy is an important component in the management of patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Existing guidelines on ICU physiotherapy staffing represent European settings and are not contemporary. With no specific recommendations in Australia, medical and nursing staffing guidelines reflected the need to have designated physiotherapy services available and accessible 24 hours a day in ICU. Therefore, this study aimed to pinpoint a guideline for ICU physiotherapy staff allocation by examining the current physiotherapy staff levels in ICU of Australian tertiary hospitals and comparing it with staff levels desired by senior physiotherapy leaders.

K-Ras Testing As Part Of Routine Care For Colorectal Cancer Patients, Victoria Yachmenikova, Barry Iacopetta, Fabienne Grieu, Vince Caruso, Cameron Platell, Nikolajs Zeps

Medical Conference Papers

Recent clinical evidence strongly suggests that only those colorectal cancer patients with wild type K-ras respond to the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, Cetuximab. As such K-ras mutation testing is now a pre-requisite for inclusion in forthcoming CRC clinical trials using Cetuximab and is a requirement for access through the Interim Access Program (IAP) operated by Merck.

SJOG Pathology in West Australia has recently implemented K-ras mutation testing and performed 300 such tests on DNA extracted from fresh frozen material as part of creating a colorectal tissue bank within routine patient management. Approximately 32 % of cases were K-ras mutant. The results …

Opportunistic Screening In General Practice For Chlamydia Trachomatis In Young Men, Dana Hince, Diane Arnold-Reed, Tom Brett, Donna Mak, Robert Moorhead, Max Bulsara

Medical Conference Papers

Study Objective: There is little information available regarding the prevalence of Chlamydia Trachomatis in young men in the general population. The community based rate of infection is estimated to be 4.6%, but this is thought to reflect an over-representation of high-risk groups. The aims of this study were to1) estimate the rate of Chlamydia infection in young men attending general practitioners in the Perth metropolitan area, 2) assess behavioural factors associated having the disease and 3) assess GP management of patients testing positive.

Methodology: Sexually active men (15-29 years) were recruited from 8 general practices in Perth, Western Australia. Participants …

Progress In The Fremantle Primary Prevention Study- A Pilot Study Of Risk Factor Modification For Cardiovascular Disease, Diane Arnold-Reed, Tom Brett, W. Walker, Frances Cadden, J. Young, Noelene Mora, Wendy Manea-Walley, Dana Hince, M. Caneppele

Medical Conference Papers

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in 40-80year olds in Australia. Many of the risk factors though modifiable are often undiagnosed and hence untreated.

Increasingly, general practice is recognised as being well positioned but under-utilised in attempts to improve primary prevention.

The study aims to monitor the changes in CVD risk following delivery of high and low intervention strategies at the GP level.

Methods: 1200 participants in total were recruited during routine surgery attendances from 3 WA general practices since November 2006. Baseline data was collected on all. One group then received standard care as …

Non-Compliance With Diagnostic Imaging Pathways: Can Information-Communication Technology Help?, Jennifer Persaud, Phillip J. Bairstow, R Grabinski, K Ho, R Low, L Nguyen, A Thelander, R Mendelson

Medical Conference Papers

Purpose: Diagnostic Imaging Pathways (DIP) is an ‘on-line’ evidencebased decision support tool (http://www.imagingpathways.health.wa.gov.au) that was developed at Royal Perth Hospital (RPH) to facilitate appropriate diagnostic imaging requesting behaviour amongst clinicians.

This study aims to evaluate compliance of diagnostic imaging requests to recommendations outlined in DIP and reasons for non-compliance.

Methods and materials: Retrospective audits, followed by intervention and re-audits were carried out in the Emergency Department (ED).

Pathways targeted were: ‘Suspected Pulmonary Embolism’, ‘Ankle Injury’ ‘Suspected Renal Colic’ and ‘Non Traumatic Acute Abdominal Pain’.

Interventions included: regular reminders to staff to refer to DIP, education on DIP recommendations, introduction of …

Impact Of A Non-Occupational Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Campaign For Hiv In Western Australia, S C. Laing, C A. Dykstra, L J. Marshall, J C. Mccloskey, P Langdon, G Brown, Donna B. Mak

Medical Conference Papers

Since late 2001, the Department of Health (DOH) has monitored provision of nonoccupational post-exposure prophylaxis (NPEP) for HIV in WA. Up to 31 December 2007, 214 cases received NPEP.

Gay Community Periodic Surveys (2002 and 2004) showed that the Perth community awareness of NPEP availability was low.

Compromised Speech Processing In Language Disorders, Kathryn Hird, Kim Kirsner

Medical Conference Papers

The relationship between the control of processes required for speech and language production were investigated in the context of fluency analysis of natural language samples produced by aphasic speakers. We used a new and objective approach to segmentation and fluency analysis. The procedure reveals two lognormal pause duration distributions and one lognormal speech segment duration distribution. We hypothesized that the short and long pause durations reflect articulatory gestures and cognitive processes respectively. The results can be interpreted by reference to either a modular approach to speech and language, or an integrated approach, where brain damage that impacts on the long …

Is An Automatic Control Algorithm Necessary For Centrifugal Pumps?, Gerry O'Driscoll, Dan Tamez, Neil Voskoboynikov

Medical Conference Papers

In order to meet physiologic changes in LVAD patients, VAD manufacturers have been developing automatic control algorithms for rotary blood pumps. However, whether an automatic control algorithm is required for normal physiological functioning is unknown. Physiological patterns may be monitored by analyzing daily VAD parameter data (Speed, Power, and Estimated Flow) as acquired by the HeartWare® LVAS Controller. Experiment: Log files from patients supported on the HeartWare® LVAS which contained VAD parameter data (logged at 15minute intervals) were analyzed for daily performance under various physiological conditions while a constant VAD Speed was maintained. A 12-point moving average of Estimated Flow …

An Innovative Educational Experience: The Use Of Video To Enhance Learning Of Practical Skills In The Undergraduate Nursing Curriculum, Karen Clark-Burg, Annie Das, Selma Alliex

Nursing Conference Papers

Interactive video analysis program was used as a teaching and assessment tool in an undergraduate nursing curriculum at the University of Notre Dame Australia. Using a software program, students were required to code their footage into predetermined categories according to competencies set out for that skill. They could then review, reflect, and critically annotate their performance of the skill. The software program is designed to provide immediate analysis and student feedback, exemplify key lecture content, and moderate student performance.

It was decided that two 1st year nursing skills would be piloted. The lecturer was videoed demonstrating a particular skill and …

Toward A Definition Of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Steven Morgan, Ruth Lopert, Devon Greyson

Health, Human Function, and Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Ongoing debates in the pharmaceutical sector about intellectual property, pricing and reimbursement, and public research investments have a common denominator: he pursuit of innovation. However, there is little clarity about what constitutes a true pharmaceutical innovation, and as a result there is confusion about what kind of new products should be pursued, protected and encouraged through health policy and clinical practice. If the concept of pharmaceutical innovation can be clarified, then it may become easier for health policy-makers and practitioners to evaluate, adopt and procure products in ways that appropriately recognize, encourage and give priority to truly valuable pharmaceutical innovations.

You Can Be Me!, Tamara Gravano

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Dr. Gravano discusses becomes a physical therapist.

A Primer On The Implementation Of Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. [Review Of The Book Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In Groups]., T. Taylor, Theodore Cooper

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.

Sequential Treatment For Nicotine Dependence And Postcessation Weight Concern In A Female Diagnosed With Paranoid Schizophrenia., Theodore Cooper, B. Hanson, R. Burke, Y. Hunt

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.