Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Comparison Of School-Aged Children Who Stutter And Do Not Stutter In Difficult Phonological Tasks, Christopher Lading

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to assess the phonology skills of school-aged children who stutter using tasks that task the speech system. Participants included 11 children who stuttered and 10 normally fluent children. The results suggested that no differences exist in the phonology of children who stutter and children who are normally fluent when presented with complex phonological tasks.

Visionary 2007, College Of Optometry

Visionary

No abstract provided.

Protein Pyrophosphorylation By Inositol Pyrophosphates Is A Posttranslational Event, Rashna Bhandari, Adolfo Saiardi, Yousef Ahmadibeni, Adele M. Snowman, Adam C. Resnick, Troels Z. Kristiansen, Henrik Molina, Akhilesh Pandey, J. Kent Werner Jr., Krishna R. Juluri, Yong Xu, Glenn D. Prestwich, Keykavous Parang, Solomon H. Snyder

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

In a previous study, we showed that the inositol pyrophosphate diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (IP(7)) physiologically phosphorylates mammalian and yeast proteins. We now report that this phosphate transfer reflects pyrophosphorylation. Thus, proteins must be prephosphorylated by ATIP to prime them for IP(7) phosphorylation. IP(7) phosphorylates synthetic phosphopeptides but not if their phosphates have been masked by methylation or pyrophosphorylation. Moreover, IP(7) phosphorylated peptides are more acid-labile and more resistant to phosphatases than ATIP phosphorylated peptides, indicating a different type of phosphate bond. Pyrophosphorylation may represent a novel mode of signaling to proteins.

Making Some Bones About It, Roxanne Greitz Miller, Frank Frisch

Education Faculty Articles and Research

The article discusses the importance of bone tissue to human beings and the ways to help students to understand its functions. The bone tissue forms the human skeleton to produce varied motions such as walking and talking. In addition, it protects the vital organs of a person and contributes the development of blood. The bone is composed of bone matrix, a dense material occupied by calcium and potassium salts. The matrix comprises several cell types including osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. According to the author, a continuous influx of new calcium is necessary because of the constant remodeling of bone tissue. …

Synthesis And Antifungal Properties Of Alpha-Methoxy And Alpha-Hydroxyl Substituted 4-Thiatetradecanoic Acids, Nestor Carballeira, Rosann O'Neill, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

4-Thiatetradecanoic acid exhibited weak antifungal activities against Candida albicans (ATCC 60193), Cryptococcus neoformans (ATCC 6603 1), and Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) (MIC = 4.8-12.7 mM). It has been demonstrated that alpha-methoxylation efficiently blocks P-oxidation and significantly improve the antifungal activities of fatty acids. We examined whether antifungal activity of 4-thiatetradecanoic acid can be improved by a-substitution. The unprecedented (+/-)-2-tiydroxy-4-thiatetradecanoic acid was synthesized in four steps (20% overall yield), while the (+/-)-2-methoxy-4-thiatetradecanoic acid was synthesized in five steps (14% overall yield) starting from 1-decanethiol. The key step in the synthesis was the hydrolysis of a trimethylsilyloxynitrile. In general, the novel (+/-)-2-methoxy-4-thiatetradecanoic …

Synapsis: Philadelphia Campus (2007), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

All Yearbooks

This yearbook includes the White Coat Ceremony, Military, Clinics, DO Day on the Hill, OMM Fellows, Prom, Holidays, Follies, Parties, Trips, Awards, Class Officers.

Ic079: Muse News Newsletters, Summer, Fall, Winter/Spring 2007, John P. Mcgovern Museum Of Health And Medical Science

Museum Publications (1998-2009)

McGovern Museum of Health and Medical Science Summer 2007 and Fall, Winter/Spring 2007 featuring news and information on upcoming museum events, exhibits, and programs.

Assessment Of Biosecurity Procedures To Prevent Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Cross Contamination, Rebecca Aden

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a common virus among cattle, and there are many different strains of the virus. BVDV can cause mucosal disease in infected cattle. There are lab strains of BVDV used for testing, but there are also wild-type viruses that may develop within a herd or population. These wild-type strains can be dangerous due to cross contamination between herds. This project compares serum samples from two different herds on the basis of the antibody response to a wild-type virus isolated from a persistent infected animal in one of the herds. We tested for a possible cross …

Gene Expression Patterns In Patients With High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema: A Gene Microarray Analysis, Lauren Kendall Krause

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Multiple modulating genes and environmental factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). However, at the present time, there exists an incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms and pathways which underlie constitutional susceptibility. Genome-wide measurements of gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were performed using microarray technology. Comparison of gene expression profiles of HAPE-susceptible and resistant individuals resulted in the identification of several previously undescribed candidate genes. RhoA and Rho-kinase (ROCK), regulators of vascular smooth muscle contraction, were differentially regulated in the HAPE-susceptible cohort, as compared to both HAPE-resistant patients with acute mountain sickness …

The Founding Of The National Medical Association, Karen Morris

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

In 1869, a mere four years after the end of the Civil War and during a time when Southern sentiment ran high in Washington, D.C., three African-American physicians applied for membership into the all-white Medical Society of the District of Columbia (MSDC). Though meeting all eligibility requirements, they were denied admission into this society based solely on their race. Amidst much publicity in the local newspapers, the three physicians and their supporters sought remedy of the exclusionary practices of the MSDC on the floor of Congress and at the American Medical Associations (AMA) Annual Meeting. However, those opposed to integrating …

A Comparison Of Cyclic Valgus Loading On Reconstructed Ulnar Collateral Ligament Of The Elbow, Roshan Pradip Shah

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

This study compares the biomechanics of early cyclic valgus loading of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the elbow repaired by either the Jobe technique or the docking technique. Better understanding of the biomechanical properties of each reconstruction may help surgeons choose the optimal surgical technique, particularly in planning earlier rehabilitation programs. Sixteen fresh frozen cadaver limbs (eight pairs) were randomized to either the Jobe cohort or the docking cohort. First intact UCLs were tested, followed by the repaired constructions. A Bionix MTS apparatus applied a constant valgus load to the elbows at 70o flexion, and valgus displacement was measured …

Significance Of "Atypia" Found On Needle Biopsy Of The Breast: Correlation With Surgical Outcome, Anika Nina Watson

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Although core needle biopsy has been shown to be effective in diagnosing both benign and malignant mammographically detected lesions in the breast, it has also been shown to underestimate cancer most likely due to sampling error. Since a diagnosis of atypical hyperplasia versus malignancy is based on quantitative factors (which could be affected by an error in sampling), the current recommendation is surgical excision for atypical hyperplasia diagnosed on core biopsy. The purpose of the study was to determine if a subset of patients with atypia diagnosed by core biopsy fit the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (BI-RADS) Category …

Clinical Characteristics And Treatment Response To Radiotherapy Of Optic Nerve Sheath Meningiomas, Silas Wang

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Recent reports of success with conventional, conformal, and stereotactic radiotherapy in stabilizing or improving visual function in patients with primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas have reduced the controversy surrounding the optimal treatment of these rare tumors. To analyze trends in the clinical presentation and diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningiomas and to evaluate the effectiveness and side-effect profile of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy versus other treatment modalities, a retrospective chart review was performed on patients with optic nerve sheath meningiomas treated at The Eye Care Group and at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, in New Haven, …

Sleep Position, Age, Gender, Sleep Quality And Waking Cervico-Thoracic Symptoms, Susan J. Gordon, Karen A. Grimmer, Patricia Trott

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: An epidemiological study was undertaken to investigate the association between sleep position, age, gender, sleep quality and prevalence of waking cervical pain and stiffness, headache and aching between the scapulae and/or in the arm. Method: A randomly administered telephone survey was completed by 76% of prospective participants, yielding 812 completed surveys. Results: This study confirmed that the majority of subjects sleep in the side lying position and that this sleep position significantly protected against waking cervical, scapular and arm pain and significantly promoted high sleep quality ratings. Anecdotally, supine sleep position has been recommended for the prevention of cervical …

Validation Of A Unique Measure Of Physical Carer Demand In Parents Of Physically Disabled Children – A Pilot Study, Mathew Prior, Karen A. Grimmer, Susan Gibson

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Background: There is scarce epidemiology of low back pain [LBP] in parents of physically disabled children. Whilst it has been suggested that physical stress related to carer-related duties may be a risk factor for LBP in this parent group, and may explain the reported high prevalence of LBP, no known instrument presently measures this. Subjects and Purpose: Following a review of relevant carer literature, a survey instrument measuring aspects of physical carer demand was designed (Parent-Specific Physical Carer Demand Measure [P-S PCDM]), using existing and new instrument items, and targeted response categories. It was tested for validity and sensitivity on …

Recognizing Guillain-Barré Syndrome In The Primary Care Setting, Kristi Mcclellan Mantay, Elin Armeau, Thomas Parish

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in adults and children in the United States. The purpose of this article is to educate Primary Care Practitioners (PCP) about GBS and the importance of its recognition in the acute care setting. Method: A review of literature examined epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, and antecedent events related to primary care. Results: Studies show correlations between GBS and preceding viral-bacterial infections, and certain vaccines. However, a direct causation has not been proven. Antecedent events encountered in primary care include, but are not limited to, gastroenteritis, upper respiratory infection, …

Evaluation Of The Treatment Of Repeat Breeder Dairy Cows With Uterine Lavage Plus Pgf_{2\Alpha }, With And Without Cephapirin, Mohammad Rahim Ahmadi, S. A. Dehghan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Repeat breeder syndrome is a major source of economic waste in dairy herds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of uterine lavage plus PGF_{2\alpha}, with and without antibiotic treatment, on the conception rate in repeat breeder dairy cows. The study included 33 repeat breeder cows free of any significant detectable pathologic disorders associated with the reproductive tract. The cows were divided into 2 groups. Group A (n = 10), the treatment group, was lavaged with normal saline, and was administered 2 doses of prostaglandin F_{2\alpha } (PGF_{2\alpha }) (13 days apart) and an intrauterine infusion of …

Key Findings From An Evaluation Of The Mothers2mothers Program In Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, Carolyn Baek, Vuyiswa Mathambo, Sibongile Mkhize, Irwin Friedman, Louis Apicella, Naomi Rutenberg

HIV and AIDS

The Horizons program of Population Council, in collaboration with Health Systems Trust, completed the first evaluation of mothers2mothers (m2m) as part of its introduction in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. It is the first external evaluation that provides quantitative evidence about the role of the well-known m2m program in complementing services to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). m2m is a peer support program that aims to provide education and psychosocial support to HIV-positive pregnant women and new mothers, help women access existing health care, and follow up with mothers and babies to ensure they receive appropriate medical care after delivery. …

Our Stories: Women Speak Out Against Hiv And Aids—An Interactive Communication Package For Rural Low-Literate Women, Vijaya Nidadavolu, Moumita Saha, Vijaya Usha Rani

HIV and AIDS

The National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) estimates that there are over 5.1 million people living with HIV and AIDS in India. Among new infections reported in 2006, 88 percent were reported in the reproductive age group (15–49 years). The virus is spreading rapidly among women, including married and monogamous women, and adolescent girls. Existing literature shows that women's vulnerability is compounded due to their gendered disadvantage in information access, literacy, and decision-making. This disadvantage is particularly acute in the case of married women in rural India. NACO has indicated the need to develop audience-appropriate strategies for communicating HIV-related information. To …

Labrad : Vol 32, Issue 1 - January 2007, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi

LABRAD - Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Radiology Archives

• T-Cell Receptor (TcR) Gene Rearrangement Studies: A Useful Adjunct for the Diagnosis of T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders
• Vitamin D Measurement
• Quiz
• Ristocetin Cofactor Activity
• Portal Biliopathy- An Uncommon Cause of Biliary Obstruction
• Laboratory Diagnosis of Hepatitis C: Transition from Serological to Molecular Methods
• Answer to Quiz
• Dengue Fever
• Bone Densitometry (DEXA Scanning) in the Diagnosis of Osteoporosis
• Western Blot for HIV 1 Virus
• 8th Sheffield International Conference - Diagnostic Imaging

Attenuation Of Hypotension Using Phenylephrine During Induction Of Anaesthesia With Propofol, Muhammad Imran, Fazal Hameed Khan, Mansoor Ahmed Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

Objective: To observe if phenylephrine mixed with propofol can attenuate hypotensive effects of propofol during induction of anaesthesia.
Methods: A total number of 135 adult ASA-I and ASA-II patients were divided into three groups. (Group A, B and C). All patients were induced with propofol 2.5 mg per kg. In Group A (control group) patients received propofol mixed with 2cc of 0.9% normal saline. Group B (study group) patients received propofol mixed with 2cc of a solution containing phenylephrine 25µg/cc (total 50µg); Group C (study group) patients received propofol mixed with 2cc of a solution containing phenylephrine 50µg/cc …

Coupling Coherence Distinguishes Structure Sensitivity In Protein Electron Transfer, Tatiana Prytkova, Igor V. Kurnikov, David Beratan

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Quantum mechanical analysis of electron tunneling in nine thermally fluctuating cytochrome b562 derivatives reveals two distinct protein-mediated coupling limits. A structure-insensitive regime arises for redox partners coupled through dynamically averaged multiple-coupling pathways (in seven of the nine derivatives) where heme-edge coupling leads to the multiple-pathway regime. A structure-dependent limit governs redox partners coupled through a dominant pathway (in two of the nine derivatives) where axial-ligand coupling generates the single-pathway limit and slower rates. This two-regime paradigm provides a unified description of electron transfer rates in 26 ruthenium-modified heme and blue-copper proteins, as well as in numerous photosynthetic proteins.

Detection Of The Eaea Gene In Escherichia Coli From Chickens By Polymerase Chain Reaction, Ayşe Kiliç, Hasan Basri̇ Ertaş, Adi̇le Muz, Gökben Özbey, Hakan Kalender

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to isolate Escherichia coli from chickens and to determine the presence of the eaeA gene, a virulence factor detected in E. coli, in the isolates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Different chicken organs were inoculated onto blood agar and biochemical tests were performed on the suspicious isolates. E. coli was isolated from 48% (48/100) of the samples. DNA was extracted from these isolates and was amplified by PCR, using a pair of primers derived from the eaeA (virulence) gene. In the agarose gel examination of PCR products, 48% (48/100) of the isolates were determined …

Comparison Of Spermatological Characteristics And Biochemical Seminal Plasma Parameters Of Normozoospermic And Oligoasthenozoospermic Bulls Of Two Breeds, Mesut Çevi̇k, Pürhan Barbaros Tuncer, Umut Taşdemi̇r, Taner Özgürtaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in spermatological and seminal plasma biochemical characteristics between normozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic bulls. A total of 8 bulls were used and they were divided into 4 groups: Holstein normozoospermic (HN) and oligoasthenozoospermic (HO), and Brown Swiss normozoospermic (BSN) and oligoasthenozoospermic (BSO). Spermatological parameters investigated included semen volume, color, concentration, motility, and percentage of abnormal sperm. Biochemical parameters measured in seminal plasma included pH, glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol (CH), triglyceride, Mg, inorganic P (P_i), Ca, Na, K, and Cl ion concentrations. Colorimetric and ion selective electrode methods were used for …

Morphological Studies On Ovarian Mast Cells In The Cow, Asuman Özen, Levent Ergün, Emel Ergün, Nejdet Şi̇mşek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted on cows in the estrual and luteal phases of the cycle to determine the staining properties, light and electron microscopic appearance and numerical distribution of mast cells from various areas of the ovary. The material for the study comprised ovarian specimen taken from 14 cows, 7 in the luteal phase and 7 in the estrual phase of the sexual cycle. Specimens were taken from 3 different areas of the ovaries, including those surrounding the corpus luteum, the graafian follicle and the medulla. From all 3 areas, mast cells were demonstrated as metachromatic staining after treatment of …

Correction Factors For Body Mass In Military Physical Fitness Tests, Paul M. Vanderburgh

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Recent research findings combined with the theoretical laws of biological similarity make the compelling case that all physical fitness test items for the Army, Air Force, and Navy impose a 15-20% physiologic bias against heavier, not fatter, men and women. Using the published findings that actual scores of muscle and aerobic endurance scale by body mass raised to the 1/3 power, correction factor tables were developed. This correction factor can be multiplied by one’s actual score (e.g., push-ups, sit-ups, abdominal crunches, or curl-ups repetitions or distance run time) to yield adjusted scores that are free of body mass bias. These …

Nutrient Intake In College Students In A Midwestern Regional University Compared To The Recommended Dietary Guidelines, Rukmini Sen

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The prevalence of obesity is problematic in the United States. The objectives of the present study were to determine the extent of obesity in students studying at Eastern Michigan University and to evaluate their diet quality. Body Mass Index (BMI) of students (19-30 years, n=100) was measured from self-reported heights and weights as a benchmark of their weight category. Intakes of total energy (kilocalories), macronutrients and key micronutrients were assessed from three-day food diaries maintained by participants and compared with the Dietary Reference Intake Standards. Results indicated that 4% of EMU students were underweight, 52% were within a normal weight …

Update - January 2007, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- Stem Cells, Embryos, and Ethics: Is There a Way Forward?
-- Editorial
-- 2006 Contributor's Convocation "Present Day Health Care: Collaborate or Close the Door"

Quality Models: Selecting The Best Model To Deliver Results, William Martin

College of Business Faculty and Staff Works

No abstract provided.

Human Health Risk Assessment For Aluminium, Aluminium Oxide, And Aluminium Hydroxide, Daniel Krewski, Robert A. Yokel, Evert Nieboer, David Borchelt, Joshua Cohen, Jean Harry, Sam Kacew, Joan Lindsay, Amal M. Mahfouz, Virginie Rondeau

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

A compendium is provided of aluminium compounds used in industrial settings, and as pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics and as other household products. Most aluminium compounds are solids exhibiting high melting points. The solubility of aluminium salts is governed by pH, because the aluminium(III)-cation (Al³⁺) has a strong affinity for the hydroxide ion, which promotes precipitation. Like Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ ions, Al³⁺ in most situations seeks out complexing agents with oxygen-atom donor sites such as carboxylate and phosphate groups, including in biological systems. Aluminium oxides, hydroxides and oxyhydroxides occur in numerous crystallographic forms, which exhibit different …