Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Study Of The Impact Of Adult Day Care Centers On The Caregivers Of Clients With Dementia, Abby L. Olsen

Honors Theses

The purpose of this descriptive study was to evaluate the impact of adult day care centers (ADC) on the perceived stress of the caregivers of loved ones with dementia and on their perceptions of their loved one's level of functioning or quality of life. Five caregivers whom had a loved one attending the same ADC were interviewed to obtain qualitative data concerning their perceptions about ADC utilization. Two assessment tools, the Caregiver Strain Index and the QA Study Assessment Tool were also used to determine quantitatively the impact of adult day care attendance on caregiver stress. The results suggested that …

Identification Of A Pool Of Non-Pumping Na/K-Atpase, Man Liang, Jiang Tian, Lijun Liu, Sandrine Pierre Phd, Jiang Liu, Joseph I. Shapiro M.D., Zi-Jian Xie

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Recent studies have ascribed many non-pumping functions to the Na/K-ATPase. Here, we present experimental evidence demonstrating that over half of the plasma membrane Na/KATPase in LLC-PK1 cells is performing cellular functions other than ion pumping. This “non-pumping” pool of Na/K-ATPase, like the pumping pump, binds ouabain. Depletion of either cholesterol or caveolin-1 moves some of the “non-pumping” Na/KATPase into the pumping pool. Graded knock-down of the 1 subunit of the Na/K-ATPase eventually results in loss of this “non-pumping” pool while preserving the pumping pool. Our prior studies indicate that a loss of the non-pumping pool is associated with a loss …

A Latent Growth Curve Analysis Of Prosocial Behavior Among Rural Adolescents, Gustavo Carlo, Lisa J. Crockett, Brandy A. Randall, Scott C. Roesch

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The present study was designed to investigate stability and changes in pro-social behavior and the parent and peer correlates of prosocial behavior in rural adolescents. Participants were from a rural, low SES community in the Eastern United States. The participants were in 7th, 8th, and 9th grades at Time 1 and 10th, 11th, and 12th grades at Time 4, and completed measures of prosocial behavior and quality of parent and peer relationships. Latent growth curve modeling revealed that despite moderate stability in individual differences in prosocial behavior and slight increases in quality of peer and parent relationships, level of prosocial …

Evaluation Of Two Surface Sampling Methods For Detection Of Erwinia Herbicola On A Variety Of Materials By Culture And Quantitative Pcr, Mark P. Buttner, Patrica Cruz, Linda Stetzenbach, Tracy Cronin

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

This research was designed to evaluate surface sampling protocols for use with culture and quantitative PCR (QPCR) amplification assay for detection of the gram-negative bacterial biothreat simulant Erwinia herbicola on a variety of surface materials. Surfaces selected for evaluation were wood laminate, glass and computer monitor screens, metal file cabinets, plastic arena seats, nylon seat cushions, finished concrete flooring, and vinyl tile flooring. Laboratory and test chamber studies were performed to evaluate two sampling methods, a sponge and a macrofoam swab, for detection of E. herbicola on surface materials. In laboratory trials, seven materials were inoculated with a known concentration …

Review Of Access And Quality Of Care In Schip Using Standardized National Performance Measures, Terence A. Partridge

National Health Policy Forum

The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) has proven to be a critical addition to public coverage programs for low-income children since its inception ten years ago. Tracking the number of children enrolled, however, is only part of the story. This technical paper reviews access and quality for children enrolled in SCHIP by examining information on four primary and preventive care health measures submitted to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services by states in their 2005 annual reports. The paper concludes that the data examined for this paper indicate that children enrolled in SCHIP are receiving not only coverage …

Methamphetamine: The New Epidemic, Jessica Gingery

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, And Treatment Of Spinal Meningoceles And Arachnoid Cysts, Ryan M. Dahlgren, Eli M. Baron, Alexander R. Vaccaro

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Though the nomenclature regarding spinal arachnoid cysts and meningoceles is confusing and sometimes overlapping, spinal arachnoid cysts and meningoceles are distinct entities with different presentations and etiologies. Meningoceles are usually congenital lesions discovered at infancy with a high incidence of associated anomalies. Spinal arachnoid cysts are most often asymptomatic but can cause nerve root and/or cord compression. We review the presentation, pathophysiology, and management of these lesions.

Competition And Collaboration: The Spirit Of St. Louis, Laura A. Dummit, Lisa Sprague

National Health Policy Forum

The National Health Policy Forum sponsored a site visit to St. Louis, Missouri, on April 3-5, 2007, to consider the relationships between hospitals and physicians—and the degree of alignment in their financial, organizational, and policy goals—as a foundation for a new round of discussions on how to reform the health care system. St. Louis offered an interesting venue for these investigations because it is home to two major medical schools, three large hospital systems, and a physician community dominated by small practices. Site visit participants were able to converse with community, business, medical school, hospital, and physician leaders to learn …

Ada News - 04/02/2007, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Potential Cost Savings With Terrestrial Rabies Control, Sergio Recuenco, Bryan Cherry, Millicent Eidson

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Background: The cost-benefit of raccoon rabies control strategies such as oral rabies vaccination (ORV) are under evaluation. As an initial quantification of the potential cost savings for a control program, the collection of selected rabies cost data was pilot tested for five counties in New York State (NYS) in a three-year period.

Methods: Rabies costs reported to NYS from the study counties were computerized and linked to a human rabies exposure database. Consolidated costs by county and year were averaged and compared.

Results: Reported rabies-associated costs for all rabies variants totalled $2.1 million, for human rabies postexposure prophylaxes (PEP) (90.9%), …

Dreaming Of Victory, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Gsbs News, Spring 2007, Graduate School Of Biomedical Sciences, University Of Texas Health Science Center At Houston/M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

GSBS News

No abstract provided.

Healthnet News V.22:No.1 Spring 2007, Judith S. Kronick, Alberta Richetelle

Articles - Patient Care

A newsletter for public librarians and others interested in consumer health information services

An Evidence-Based Alcohol Screening, Brief Intervention And Referral To Treatment (Sbirt) Curriculum For Emergency Department (Ed) Providers Improves Skills And Utilization, Robert H. Aseltine, Amy James

UCHC Articles - Research

Objective

Emergency Departments (EDs) offer an opportunity to improve the care of patients with at-risk and dependent drinking by teaching staff to screen, perform brief intervention and refer to treatment (SBIRT). We describe here the implementation at 14 Academic EDs of a structured SBIRT curriculum to determine if this learning experience improves provider beliefs and practices.

Methods

ED faculty, residents, nurses, physician extenders, social workers, and Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) were surveyed prior to participating in either a two hour interactive workshops with case simulations, or a web-based program (www.ed.bmc.org/sbirt). A pre-post repeated measures design assessed changes in …

Caring And Treating Post – Traumatic Stress Disorder In Bosnia And Herzegovina, Colleen M. Boley

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a major issue whenever there is a war or natural disaster. From 1992 through 1995, Bosnia and Herzegovina was subject to one of the most destructive wars of the 20th century. The groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina that are working with posttraumatic stress disorder are investigated to see if they are truly helping people with posttraumatic stress disorder. This paper explores the ways in which posttraumatic stress disorder has affected individuals and the societies of Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as the organizations attempting to help people dealing with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Synapse, Alabama Health Libraries Association

Synapse - Newsletter of ALHeLa

This is the Spring, 2007 edition of the ALHeLa newsletter - Synapse.

Contents include:

• President's Column
• Alabama Health Libraries Association - 2007 Executive Committee
• ALHeLA 2007 annual meeting
• CE opportunities planned for annual meeting in september
• News around the state
• New member spotlight
• ALHeLA awards reminder!
• From the editors

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Spring 2007

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Direct Comparison Of Feature Tracking And Autocorrelation For Velocity Estimation, Gregory R. Bashford, Derek J. Robinson

Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory

Feature tracking is an algorithm for estimating tissue motion and blood flow using pulse-echo ultrasound. It was proposed as a computationally simpler alternative to other techniques such as autocorrelation and time-domain cross correlation. The advantage of feature tracking is that it selectively extracts easily identifiable parts of the speckle signal (e.g., the local maxima), reducing the amount of information being processed. Studies on feature tracking to date have used stationary, specklegenerating targets to simulate blood flow. Also, feature tracking has not been compared with accepted commercial methods. This study directly compares feature tracking performance with the complex autocorrelation method, which …

The Theory Of Planned Behavior: Predicting Physical Activity In Mexican American Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Kimberly L. Oliver, Nate Mccaughtry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Theoretically grounded research on the determinants of Mexican American children's physical activity and related psychosocial variables is scarce. Thus, the purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the ability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict Mexican American children's self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Children (N = 475, ages 9–12) completed questionnaires assessing the TPB constructs and MVPA. Multiple regression analyses provided moderate support for the ability of the TPB variables to predict MVPA as we accounted for between 8–9% of the variance in MVPA. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control accounted for 45% of the …

Values Of Sleep/Wake, Activity/Rest, Circadian Rhythms, And Fatigue Prior To Adjuvant Breast Cancer Chemotherapy., Ann M. Berger, Lynne A. Farr, Brett R. Kuhn, Patricia Fischer, Sangeeta Agrawal

Journal Articles: College of Nursing

Fatigue is the most prevalent and distressing symptom experienced by patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for early stage breast cancer. Higher fatigue levels have been related to sleep maintenance problems and low daytime activity in patients who have received chemotherapy, but knowledge describing these relationships prior to chemotherapy is sparse. The Piper Integrated Fatigue Model guided this study, which describes sleep/wake, activity/rest, circadian rhythms, and fatigue and how they interrelate in women with Stage I, II, or IIIA breast cancer during the 48 hours prior to the first adjuvant chemotherapy treatment. The present report describes these variables in 130 females, mean …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 48 Number 4, Spring 2007, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

8 - ARCHAEOLOGISTS OF THE CARIBBEAN By Monte Lorenzet. Eye patch and peg leg-we all know what makes a pirate. Or do we? Only recently have scientists taken a serious look at the archeology of piracy, with SCU's Russ Skowronek one of the hearties unearthing facts buried beneath centuries of myth.

12 - ARE PEOPLE GETTING CRAZIER? By Thomas G. Plante. From what the media offers every day, you can't help but think the world is going to hell in a handbasket. What's really going on? And what can we do about it?

21 - A TEACHABLE MOMENT Q&A with …

Childhood Trauma Enhances The Association Between Age Of Cigarette Smoking Initiation And College Drug Use Frequency, Tara K. Cossel, Alicia Klanecky, Dennis E. Mcchargue

Department of Psychology: Presentations

Previous research has reported that across the nation 29% of college students engage in cigarette smoking while four out of five students who have reported smoking in the past 30 days have also binge drank or used an illicit substance. In turn, 70% of students who described using an illicit substance in the past month have smoked cigarettes as well. Because the number of college students abusing substances continues to increase, the prevalence of both cigarette and illicit substance use denotes a major health concern.

Developed to explain the rate and onset of specific use patterns, the “gateway” hypothesis posits …

Dentalgram - Vol. 21, No. 04, Loma Linda University School Of Dentistry

Dentalgram

In this issue:

• Yiming Li leads group rewriting dental materials guidelines
• Students receive Gold and Silver Academic Excellence Awards
• LLUSD alumni voted among favorite dentists in the Inland Empire
• Assemblymember Emmerson honors Dr. Carla Lidner as Woman of the Year for 2007
• Student profile: Kari McKenzie

Research Experience Outside The Lab, Loreen Fournier

Inquiry Journal 2007

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Standard Treatment Guidelines With Or Without Prescription Audit On Prescribing For Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (Ari) And Diarrhoea In Some Thana Health Complexes (Thcs) Of Bangladesh, M. O. Faruk Khan, A.K. Azad Chowdhury, M. A. Matin, K. Begum, M. A. Galib

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Inappropriate prescribing for ARI and diarrhoea is a serious health problem in many developing countries including Bangladesh. A baseline retrospective prescribing survey for ARI and diarrhoea have been conducted in randomly selected 60 thana health complexes (THCs) of Dhaka division of Bangladesh. In the 38 of 60 THCs, the prescribers did not comply with the standard treatment guidelines (STG) for ARI. They are marked as 'unsatisfactory performers'. In these THCs unnecessary antibiotics were prescribed in more than 50% of the encounters. The study further revealed that in 26 THCs, comprising 41.6% of the 38 THCs, the situation was even worse …

Building Community Research Capacity: Process Evaluation Of Community Training And Education In A Community-Based Participatory Research Program Serving A Predominately Puerto Rican Community, Laurene M. Tumiel-Berhalter, Victoria Mclaughlin-Diaz, John Vena, Carlos J. Crespo

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Education and training build community research capacity and have impact on improvements of health outcomes.

Objectives: This manuscript describes the training and educational approaches to building research capacity that were utilized in a community-based participatory research program serving a Puerto Rican population and identifies barriers and strategies for overcoming them.

Methods: A process evaluation identified a multitiered approach to training and education that was critical to reaching the broad community.

Results: This approach included four major categories providing a continuum of education and training opportunities: networking, methods training, on-the-job experience, and community education. Participation in these opportunities supported the …

Messages Of Maternity: The Relationship Of State And Ngo Institutions To Reproductive Health Services And The Construction Of Family In Jordan, Julia Shatz

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This project examines the ways in which family planning and reproductive health services and the institutions that provide them contribute to constructing definitions of family and motherhood in Jordan. The study is based on personal interviews conducted with representatives at six institutions – the Ministry of Health, the Higher Population Council, the Jordanian Association for Family Planning and Protection, Queen Zein Al Sharaf Institute for Development, the Arab Women’s Organization, and the Jordanian Women’s Union. This paper addresses the issues of family planning as a method of population control, the integrated medical and educational approach currently popular in family planning …

Biomass Combustion And Ari In Kiwengwa, Unguja, Eric Fournier, Nicole Poepping

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

A study was undertaken investigating the relationship between biomass cook stove usage practices in Kiwengwa, Unguja and the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) amongst individuals participating in household cooking activities. In each household, the incidence of ARI was determined via semi-structured interviews conducted with the primary cooker. Additionally, measurements and observations of: biomass cook stove efficiency, stove usage behaviors, and the physical cooking environment were obtained. Statistical analysis was then performed to assess the nature and significance of relationships between variables in the three cook stove usage categories and the stated incidence of ARI within the sample households. Data …

Where The Sky Is High And The Hospital Is Faraway: Strategies For Rural Public Health Education In Yunnan, China, Michael Frick

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The young seller sits on a low stool behind a canvas advertising his product and speaks quickly into a microphone headset. Gathered around him, a small crowd watches as he spreads a modest amount of his curative skin potion on the underarm of a willing volunteer. As the vendor dabs the liquid on the local man’s arm, he gestures toward pictures on the canvas to explain and market his medicine, a red liquid stored in small elixir bottles. Several streets away, thirty government health workers dressed in the blue and black uniforms of officialdom unfold a carnival of public health, …

The Effectiveness Of Shoulder Injury Assessment Techniques: Analyzing The Occurrences Of False Positives, Alec Cianfichi

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Shoulder injuries are very common in sports such as baseball, football, and tennis due to high impact and stress placed on the shoulder joint. Due to the greater chance of shoulder injuries in these types of sports, it is imperative for shoulder injury assessments to be accurate in order to ensure that the athlete does not participate with an injured shoulder or lose participation time due to an incorrect assessment. In order to assess the validity of the Apprehension, Relocation, and Surprise test for shoulder instability, student athletes with no known shoulder injuries were evaluated. Tests were conducted under the …