Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Febrile Response And Decrease In Circulating Lymphocytes Following Acute Infection Of White-Tailed Deer Fawns With Either A Bvdv1 Or A Bvdv2 Strain, Julia F. Ridpath, C. Scott Mark, Christopher C.L. Chase, Alanson C. Ridpath, John D. Neill

Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

Although commonly associated with infection in cattle, bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV) also replicate in many domestic and wildlife species, including cervids. Bovine viral diarrhea viruses have been isolated from a number of cervids, including mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus), but little information is available regarding clinical presentation and progression of infection in these species. In preliminary studies of experimental infection of deer with BVDV, researchers noted seroconversion but no clinical signs. In this study, we infected white-tailed deer fawns that were negative …

Otk18, A Zinc-Finger Protein, Regulates Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat Through Two Distinct Regulatory Regions, Masahide Horiba, Lindsey B. Martinez, James L. Buescher, Sinji Sato, Jenae Limoges, Yunquan Jiang, Clinton J. Jones, Tsuneya Ikezu

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

It has previously been shown by our laboratory that OTK18, a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-inducible zinc-finger protein, reduces progeny-virion production in infected human macrophages. OTK18 antiviral activity is mediated through suppression of Tat-induced HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter activity. Through the use of LTR scanning mutant vectors, the specific regions responsible for OTK18-mediated LTR suppression have been defined. Two different LTR regions were identifi ed as potential OTK18-binding sites by an enhanced DNA–transcription factor ELISA system; the negative-regulatory element (NRE) at –255/–238 and the Ets-binding site (EBS) at –150/–139 in the LTR. In addition, deletion of the EBS in …

Characterization Of The Equine 2'-5' Oligoadenylate Synthetase 1 (Oas1) And Ribonuclease L (Rnasel) Innate Immunity Genes, Jonathan J. Rios, Andrey A. Perelygin, Maureen T. Long, Teri L. Lear, Andrey A. Zharkikh, Margo A. Brinton, David L. Adelson

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The mammalian OAS/RNASEL pathway plays an important role in antiviral host defense. A premature stop-codon within the murine Oas1b gene results in the increased susceptibility of mice to a number of flaviviruses, including West Nile virus (WNV). Mutations in either the OAS1 or RNASEL genes may also modulate the outcome of WNV-induced disease or other viral infections in horses. Polymorphisms in the human OAS gene cluster have been previously utilized for case-control analysis of virus-induced disease in humans. No polymorphisms have yet been identified in either the equine OAS1 or RNASEL genes for use in similar case-control studies.

RESULTS: …

Morphology Of The Heart Of A White-Cheeked Gibbon (Hylobates Concolor), Tilladit Rung-Ruangkijkrai, Wuthichai Klomkleaw, Pakorn Prachammuang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The heart was recovered at post mortem from an adult white-cheeked gibbon, Hylobates concolor, for anatomical and histological studies. Macroscopically, it had oval shape, blunt and spherical apex with 3.5 cm. and 5 cm. in width and length. Smooth edged comma-shaped right auricle was markedly bigger than the jaggededged left auricle. Pectinate muscles were found both at the internal surface of the right auricle and lateral free wall of the right atrium, while limited only in blind part of the left auricle. The coronary arteries supply was left coronary type. The left coronary artery gave circumflex and paraconal interventricular branches. …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn, Monkon Trisiriroj

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study Of Oviduct Epithelium In Culling Repeat Breeder Gilts, Paisan Tienthai, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In the porcine reproductive tract, the oviduct is the vital organ for fertilization and early embryonic development. Repeat breeder (RB) gilts have previously shown the abnormal histological changes and deviant hormonal levels throughout estrous cycle. The aim of present study was to examine the oviduct epithelium of gilts culled due to RB (n = 9) in comparison to normal sows (controls, n = 6) by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The reproductive organs were collected after sending the RB gilts to local abattoir and their ovaries were kept to classify the estrous cycle. The ultrastructural details of control oviduct epithelium composed …

Editor’S Note, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Assisted Reproduction Techniques In Horses: The Challenge, Theerawat Tharasanit, Mongkol Techakumphu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Assisted reproduction techniques (ARTs), such as artificial insemination and embryo transfer are well established and have been used in a wide range of species. To date, the economic impact of these ARTs in horses has rapidly increased. While many studies have attempted to improve the efficiency of ARTs, overall success remains relatively restricted due principally to a limited knowledge of the unique reproductive physiology of this species. Improving efficiency of particular techniques has become an affordable milestone in the development of ARTs in equine reproduction.

Analysis Of Y Chromosome Rearrangements Between B. Taurus And B. Indicus, Duangsmorn Suwattana, Hannes Joerg, Daria Graphodatskaya, Gerald Stranzinger

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The significantly high similarity of karyotypes were shown between Bos taurus and B. indicus except for morphology of the Y-chromosome. The B. taurus-Y (BTA-Y) is submetacentric whereas the B. indicus-Y (BIN-Y) is acrocentic. Based on the hybridization of the chromosome painting technique, the difference between Y chromosomes in B. taurus and B. indicus was proposed to be originated from the pericentric inversion between these two species. However, hybridization of SRY to the sub-centromeric end of BIN-Y indicated a double pericentric inversion found between B. taurus and B. indicus. We suggested that BTA-Y and BIN-Y were originated from a common ancestor …

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Management Of Gastric Dilatation/Volvulus And Its Cardiac Complication In A Saint Bernard, Chollada Buranakarl, Mongkol Trisiriroj, Suwanakiet Sawangkoon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A five-year-old Saint Bernard was presented at the Small Animal Hospital, Chulalongkorn University with clinical signs of acute abdominal distention and severe pain. The gastric dilatation and volvulus (GDV) was diagnosed and was confirmed at surgery. The volvulus appeared in both stomach and spleen in which both organs were partially damaged. The dog developed cardiac arrhythmia the next day after surgery starting with accelerated idioventricular rhythm. Multiple types of arrhythmias were seen including ventricular tachycardia with R on T phenomenon and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. The antiarrhythmic drugs, amiodarone and carvedilol were given to convert to normal sinus rhythm and drugs …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Nociception In Fish: Stimulus–Response Properties Of Receptors On The Head Of Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss, Paul J. Ashley, Lynne U. Sneddon, Catherine R. Mccrohan

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

This study examined stimulus–response properties of somatosensory receptors on the head of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, using extracellular recording from single cells in the trigeminal ganglion. Of 121 receptors recorded from 39 fish, 17 were polymodal nociceptors, 22 were mechanothermal nociceptors, 18 were mechanochemical receptors, 33 were fast adapting mechanical receptors and 31 were slowly adapting mechanical receptors. Mechanical thresholds were higher in polymodal nociceptors than in either slowly adapting or fast adapting mechanical receptors, whereas thermal thresholds of mechanothermal nociceptors were higher than those of polymodal nociceptors. Polymodal nociceptors and mechanochemical receptors gave similar responses to topical applications of …

Rapid Phase Adjustment Of Melatonin And Core Body Temperature Rhythms Following A 6-H Advance Of The Light/Dark Cycle In The Horse, Barbara A. Murphy, Jeffrey A. Elliott, Dawn R. Sessions, Mandi M. Vick, Erin L. Kennedy, Barry P. Fitzgerald

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Rapid displacement across multiple time zones results in a conflict between the new cycle of light and dark and the previously entrained program of the internal circadian clock, a phenomenon known as jet lag. In humans, jet lag is often characterized by malaise, appetite loss, fatigue, disturbed sleep and performance deficit, the consequences of which are of particular concern to athletes hoping to perform optimally at an international destination. As a species renowned for its capacity for athletic performance, the consequences of jet lag are also relevant for the horse. However, the duration and severity of jet lag related …

Isotype-Specific Antibody Responses Against Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Locus Of Enterocyte Effacement Proteins In Adult Beef Cattle Following Experimental Infection, G. Bretschneider, E. M. Berberov, Rodney A. Moxley

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important food-borne pathogen and cause of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. Cattle are an important reservoir of E. coli O157:H7, in which the organism colonizes the intestinal tract and is shed in the feces. Vaccination of cattle has significant potential as a pre-harvest intervention strategy for E. coli O157:H7; however, basic information about the bovine immune responses to important bacterial colonization factors resulting from infection has not been reported. The serum and fecal IgG and IgA antibody responses of adult cattle to E. coli O157:H7 intimin, translocated intimin receptor (Tir), E. coli …

Nucleic Acids Encoding Sarcocystis Neurona Antigen And Uses Thereof, Daniel K. Howe

Veterinary Science Faculty Patents

The present invention provides novel isolated nucleic acids encoding antigenic proteins derived from Sarcocystis neurona, or unique fragments thereof. In particular, the invention provides novel isolated nucleic acids encoding membrane-associated polypeptides SnSAG2, SnSAG3, and SnSAG4. Also provided are purified antigenic polypeptide fragments encoded by the novel nucleic acid sequences set forth herein that encode for SnSAG2, SnSAG3, and SnSAG4. Also provided are isolated nucleic acids capable of selectively hybridizing with the nucleic acid from Sarcocystis neurona. The invention also provides vectors comprising the nucleic acids of the invention encoding an antigenic protein derived from Sarcocystis neurona or a …

Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (Lmw-Ptp) And Its Possible Physiological Functions Of Redox Signaling In The Eye Lens, Kuiyi Xing, Ashraf Raza, Stefan Lofgren, M. Rohan Fernando, Ye-Shih Ho, Marjorie F. Lou

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) was cloned from human lens epithelial B3 cells (HLE B3) and the recombinant enzyme was purified to homogeneity. The pure enzyme reacted positively with anti-LMW-PTP antibody, displayed tyrosine-specific phosphatase activity and was extremely sensitive to H2O2. The inactivated LMW-PTP could be regenerated by thioltransferase (TTase)/GSH system as demonstrated by both activity assay and by mass spectrometry (MS). The MS study also showed that an intramolecular disulfide bond was formed between C13 and C18 at the active site, and was reduced by the TTase/GSH system. The putative role of LMW-PTP in regulating platelet derived …

Ethical Issues In Geriatric Feline Medicine, Bernard E. Rollin

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

Most veterinarians hold a ‘pediatric’ rather than ‘garage mechanic’ view of their function. In recent years, sophisticated medical modalities have allowed veterinarians to keep animals alive, and increased value of companion animals in society has increased demand for such treatment. But whereas humans can choose to trade current suffering for extended life, animals seem to lack the cognitive apparatus required to do so. Thus, veterinarians must guard against keeping a suffering animal alive for too long. Clients may be emotionally tied to the animal and blind to its suffering. Part of the veterinarian’s role, therefore, is to lead the client …

Sheep Updates 2007 - Part 3, Andrew Ritchie, Edward Riggall, James Hall, Gus Rose, Johan Greeff, John Young, M. Alchin, M. Young, T. Johnson, John Lucy, Martin Staines, Tim Wiley, Rob Grima, Sandra Prosser, Matt Ryan, Geoff Moore, Tony Albertsen, Phil Barrett-Lennard, George Woolston, John Titerington, Sarah Knight, Brianna Peake

Sheep Updates

This session covers seven papers from different authors:

PROFITABILITY

1. Benchmarking demonstrates both the potential and realised productivity gains in the sheep and wool industry, Andrew Ritchie, Edward Riggall and James Hall, ICON Agriculture, Darkan

2. Improving sheep genetics will increase farm profitability, Gus Rose, Johan Greeff Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, John Young Farming Systems Analysis Service, WA

3. Meat, Merinos and making money in WA Pastoral Zone, M. Alchin, M. Young and T. Johnson, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia,

GRAZING

4. Nitrogen - farmers' friend or foe? John Lucy and Martin Staines, Department …

Sheep Updates 2007 - Part 4, Dean Thomas, Dominique Blache, Dean Revell, Hayley Norman, Phil Vercoe, Zoey Durmic, Serina Digby, Di Mayberry, Megan Chadwick, Martin Sillence, David Masters, R. Silberstein, F. Byrne, P. G. H. Nichols, J. Young, L. Aitkins, M. G. Wilmot, A. J. Rintoul, T. Lambert, D. R. Mcclements, P. Raper, P. Ward, C. Walton, T. York, David Pethick, David Hopkins, Malcolm Mcphee, D. B. Savage, J. V. Nolan, I. R. Godwin, A. Aoetpah, T. Nguyen, N. Baillie, C. Lawler, Ken Geenty, John Smith, Darryl Smith, Tim Dyall, Grant Uphill, John Young, Michael Paton, John Dorrian

Sheep Updates

This session covers eight papers from different authors:

GRAZING

1. The impact of high dietary salt and its implications for the management of livestock grazing saline land, Dean Thomas, Dominique Blache, Dean Revell, Hayley Norman, Phil Vercoe, Zoey Durmic, Serina Digby, Di Mayberry, Megan Chadwick, Martin Sillence and David Masters, CRC for Plant-based Management of Dryland Salinity, Faculty of Natural & Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA.

2. Sustainable Grazing on Saline Lands - outcomes from the WA1 research project, H.C. Norman^1,2, D.G. Masters^1,2, R. Silberstein^1,2, F. Byrne^2,3, P.G.H. Nichols …

Sheep Updates 2007 - Part 5, Bindi Murray, John Karlsson, Johan Greeff, Carolina Viñoles Gil, B. L. Paganoni, K. M. M. Glover, J. T. B. Milton, G. B. Martin, Hugh Dove, Bill Mckiernan, John Wilkins, Paul Greenwood, Linda Cafe

Sheep Updates

This session covers six papers from different authors:

GENETIC IMPROVEMENT

1. Breech Strike Resistance: Selecting for resistance traits reduces breech strike, Bindi Murray, John Karlsson, Johan Greeff, Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia

2. Breeding Merino Sheep for Worm Resistance increases profit in a Mediterranean Environment, John Karlsson and Johan Greeff Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia

FEEDING

3. Embryo lasses were not increased when Merino ewes that had lost weight were supplemented with lupins, C. Viñoles Gil, B.L. Paganoni, K.M.M. Glover, J.T.B. Milton & G.B. Martin, School of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, …

Sheep Updates 2007 - Contents, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Sheep Updates

No abstract provided.

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

[Page] 1- Head/Director's Message Diagnostic News [Page] 1- Classical Swine Fever Surveillance (Hog Cholera) at the SDSU ADRDL [Page] 2- Biopsy Service Changes at the ADRDL – Effective July 1, 2007 [Page] 2- Listing of Pharmacies Offering Compounding Services for Veterinarians – April 2007 [Page] 2- Holiday Hours Research News [Page] 3- CIDRV Research Looks at New HIV Drug [Page] 4- Research Spotlight: Dr. Ying Fang Extension News [Page] 5- National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) to Study Beef Industry in 2007-08 [Page] 6- Pieces and Parts Student News [Page] 7- SDSU Pre-Veterinary Students Accepted to Veterinary School [Page] 7- …

The Veterinary Profession’S Duty Of Care In Response To Disasters And Food Animal Emergencies, Kenneth E. Nusbaum, Bernard E. Rollin, James S. Wohl

Professional Veterinary Ethics Collection

No abstract provided.

Cetacean Brains: How Aquatic Are They?, Lori Marino

Anatomy Collection

The adaptation of cetaceans to a fully aquatic lifestyle represents one of the most dramatic transformations in mammalian evolutionary history. Two of the most salient features of modern cetaceans are their fully aquatic lifestyle and their large brains. This review article will offer an overview of comparative neuroanatomical research on aquatic mammals, including analyses of odontocete cetacean, sirenian, pinniped, and fossil archaeocete brains. In particular, the question of whether a relationship exists between being fully aquatic and having a large brain is addressed. It has been hypothesized that the large, well‐developed cetacean brain is a direct product of adaptation to …

Phacofragmentation And Aspiration In Canine Mature Cataract: Surgical Technique, Success Rate And Complications, Pranee Tuntivanich, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Phacofragmentation and aspiration technique without intraocular lens implantation was reported in 26 mature cataractous dogs. Dogs included in this study were 13 Poodles, 6 crossbred dogs, 4 Cocker spaniels, 1 Shih-tzu, 1 West Highland white terrier and 1 Miniature pinscher. All dogs were clinically blinded from bilateral mature cataracts with positive dazzle reflex prior to the surgery. 24 dogs (92.31%) regained vision after the surgery which remained until the end of the study. Vitreous degeneration was found pre-operatively in one dog. Hyphema, displacement of lens into vitreous chamber, rupture of the posterior lens capsule and miosis were found intra-operatively in …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.