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Veterinary Medicine

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Articles 3931 - 3960 of 9770

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Quality Of Oocytes In Prepubertal And Pubertal Swine, Rita Grabowska, Barbara Blaszczyk, Tomasz Stankiewicz, Tomasz Banas, Sarah Hale, Jan Udala Jan 2016

Quality Of Oocytes In Prepubertal And Pubertal Swine, Rita Grabowska, Barbara Blaszczyk, Tomasz Stankiewicz, Tomasz Banas, Sarah Hale, Jan Udala

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In vitro fertilization is a common method of fertilization in the case of both humans and animals. Although this method has developed very rapidly, there are still many unanswered questions about the optimal characteristics that oocytes should have for performing this procedure. The object of this study was to describe the correlation between the diameter and size of swine oocytes in relation to pubescence. The research was conducted on ovaries of piglets (n = 65) and adult swine (n = 69). Each oocyte was examined with and without the zona pellucida. The analysis showed that the average size of the …

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Chemical And Tissue Composition Of Meat From Carcass Cuts Of Localgoats Affected By Different Feeding In Tunisian Arid Lands, Naziha Ayeb, Asma Ghrab, Ahmed Barmat, Touhami Khorchani Jan 2016

Chemical And Tissue Composition Of Meat From Carcass Cuts Of Localgoats Affected By Different Feeding In Tunisian Arid Lands, Naziha Ayeb, Asma Ghrab, Ahmed Barmat, Touhami Khorchani

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

An experiment was conducted to find out the nutritive value of different cuts of goat carcass. Meat samples were obtained from goat kids in Tunisia. Twenty-six indigenous kids were divided into three groups: oat hay (control), dried olive leaves + dried Stipa tenacissima, and grass hay. The cuts were the shoulder, chest, and leg of each goat carcass. Tissue compositions of different cuts and meat physicochemical parameters were determined. Percentage of muscle was higher in shoulders (61.57%) and legs (58.89%). The percentage of fat was higher in the chest (24.74%). Percentage of bone was higher in legs and shoulders. The …

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Lactose-Rich Milk Replacer Modifies The Proteome Of Bloodplasma In 2-Week-Old Calves, Alicja Dratwa Chalupnik, Malgorzata Ozgo, Agnieszka Herosimczyk, Adam Lepczynski, Katarzyna Michalek Jan 2016

Lactose-Rich Milk Replacer Modifies The Proteome Of Bloodplasma In 2-Week-Old Calves, Alicja Dratwa Chalupnik, Malgorzata Ozgo, Agnieszka Herosimczyk, Adam Lepczynski, Katarzyna Michalek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the study was to create a specific pattern of protein expression changes in the plasma of 2-week-old calves treated with excessive lactose doses. Identification of proteins, the expression of which changes during the short-term administration of lactose, may help to exclude or confirm the causes of diarrhea observed in newborn calves. The present study utilized 2-D electrophoresis combined with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and identified 6 blood plasma proteins, the expression of which changed under the influence of lactose added to the milk replacer. The pattern of expression of blood plasma proteins, including decreased expression of fibrinogen and …

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Comparison Of Hematological Parameters Of Brucella-Seronegative Naturallyinfected Cattle With Bvdv, Bhv-1, And Bhv-4, Muhammet Eren Aslan, Ahmet Kürşat Azkur, Emel Biyikli, Serkal Gazyağci, İbrahi̇m Sözdutmaz Jan 2016

Comparison Of Hematological Parameters Of Brucella-Seronegative Naturallyinfected Cattle With Bvdv, Bhv-1, And Bhv-4, Muhammet Eren Aslan, Ahmet Kürşat Azkur, Emel Biyikli, Serkal Gazyağci, İbrahi̇m Sözdutmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Abortion, neonatal deaths, and infertility cause important production losses in the livestock industry. Many viral infections are responsible for changes in hematological values of animals. This study aimed to find whether there is any difference in blood parameters of cattle that are naturally infected with BVDV, BHV-1, and BHV-4 and Brucella-seronegative. For this purpose, 401 whole-blood samples collected from cattle were analyzed by ELISA and PCR/RT-PCR to detect specific antibodies and antigens for BVDV, BHV-1, and BHV-4. Hematological analysis and results were compared between naturally infected BVDV, BHV-1, and BHV-4 groups and a control group. Results showed a statistically significant …

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Postnatal Expression Profiles Of Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathioneperoxidase In Spermatogenesis In Mice, Ki Youn Jung, Chunmei Lin, Jung-Min Yon, A Young Jung, Seul Gi Park, Sl Bi Chu, Lee Wha Gwon, Sang Yoon Nam Jan 2016

Postnatal Expression Profiles Of Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathioneperoxidase In Spermatogenesis In Mice, Ki Youn Jung, Chunmei Lin, Jung-Min Yon, A Young Jung, Seul Gi Park, Sl Bi Chu, Lee Wha Gwon, Sang Yoon Nam

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) is known to be an antioxidant enzyme that may be implicated in spermatogenesis, but its functional significance in the development of testes remains poorly understood. To demonstrate the roles of PHGPx in spermatogenesis during postnatal development, expression profiles of PHGPx mRNA and protein in testes and epididymides obtained from mice 1-9 and 27 weeks after birth were spatiotemporally analyzed. In testes, PHGPx mRNA first appeared in 2-week-old mice, while its protein was first detected in late spermatocytes and round spermatids from 3-week-old mice and levels were greatly increased in elongated spermatids and immature spermatozoa of …

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Subarachnoid Transplantation Of Autologous Neurogenically Induced Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells For The Treatment Of Fibrocartilaginous Embolic Myelopathy In Two Dogs, Pinar Can, Ömer Beşalti, Eylül Akpinar, Zeynep Aktaş, Ayşe Eser Elçi̇n, Yaşar Murat Elçi̇n Jan 2016

Subarachnoid Transplantation Of Autologous Neurogenically Induced Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells For The Treatment Of Fibrocartilaginous Embolic Myelopathy In Two Dogs, Pinar Can, Ömer Beşalti, Eylül Akpinar, Zeynep Aktaş, Ayşe Eser Elçi̇n, Yaşar Murat Elçi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of autologous neurogenically induced bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (NIBM-MSCs) in two dogs suspected to have fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy (FCEM). Both dogs were paraplegic without deep pain perception (DPP) and tentatively diagnosed by MRI. Autologous NIBM-MSCs (5 × 106) were transplanted into the lumbar subarachnoid space two times with a 21-day interval for each patient. Based on a 21-month follow-up of the treated animals, the transplantation of NIBM-MSCs seems to be promising in subjects with FCEM lacking DPP.

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Canine Brucellosis In Turkey From An Environmental Perspective, Uçkun Sai̇t Uçan Jan 2016

Canine Brucellosis In Turkey From An Environmental Perspective, Uçkun Sai̇t Uçan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that affects not only livestock with economical losses but also human beings by causing serious health problems worldwide. Canine brucellosis has largely been overlooked in the world. In Turkey, brucellosis has also been one of the major concerns for decades. Canine brucellosis in this country has been reviewed and discussed from an environmental perspective in this review. As a part of prevention measures, one of the urgent practices that should be applied is to expand the routine examinations to include serological testing for all animals on arrival to kennels and then to decide the fate …

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Isolation Of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells, Asuman Özen, İrem Gül Sancak, Ahmet Ceylan, Özge Özgenç Jan 2016

Isolation Of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells, Asuman Özen, İrem Gül Sancak, Ahmet Ceylan, Özge Özgenç

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Mesenchymal stem cells are being used increasingly in cell-based therapies. Adipose tissue is an important source of mesenchymal stem cells and is also routinely used in research on lipid metabolism and obesity. Their high expansion potential and the ease of isolation make these cells an attractive cell source for regenerative therapies. The objective of this review is to give detailed information about the isolation, expansion, and clinical use of these cells in veterinary medicine.

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Effect Of Oxytocin On Milk Proteins And Fatty Acid Profile Insahiwal Cows During Lactation Periods, Aneela Hameed, Faqir Muhammad Anjum, Tahir Zahoor, Zia Ur-Rahman, Saeed Akhtar, Majid Hussain Jan 2016

Effect Of Oxytocin On Milk Proteins And Fatty Acid Profile Insahiwal Cows During Lactation Periods, Aneela Hameed, Faqir Muhammad Anjum, Tahir Zahoor, Zia Ur-Rahman, Saeed Akhtar, Majid Hussain

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Bovine milk, a rich source of proteins and fatty acids, has a beneficial impact on physicochemical and organoleptic properties. The current study was planned to identify oxytocin's effects on protein and fatty acid profiles of cow milk (the Sahiwal breed) at various lactation stages (early, middle, and late) under a controlled atmosphere and feeding inputs. Examination of milk protein and fatty acid profiles by urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry respectively revealed the significant effect (P < 0.01) of oxytocin during the cow's lactation stages. In electrophoretic patterns, casein (αs1-CN, αs2-CN, β-CN, and k-CN) and whey protein fractions (Ig, BSA, β-Lg, and α-La) appeared as low-intensity bands in oxytocin-injected milk when compared to the control. Reductions in concentrations of fatty acids C16:0 (25.00%) and C18:1 (21.60%) were observed in oxytocin-treated milk as compared to the control group (29.30% and 29.10%, respectively) at late lactation.

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Investigation Of Relationship Between Expression Of The Glucose Transporter3 (Glut3) And Sperm Quality In Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus), Somchai Sajapitak, Kornchai Kornkaewrat, Piyawan Suthunmapinanta, Orawan Boodde, Sittidet Mahasawangkul, Anuchai Pinyopummin Jan 2016

Investigation Of Relationship Between Expression Of The Glucose Transporter3 (Glut3) And Sperm Quality In Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus), Somchai Sajapitak, Kornchai Kornkaewrat, Piyawan Suthunmapinanta, Orawan Boodde, Sittidet Mahasawangkul, Anuchai Pinyopummin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aims of this study were to determine the relation of glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) expression on the spermatozoa membrane with the quality of semen in Asian elephants. Fresh semen samples were collected from 10 Asian elephants and classified according to the percentage of motile sperm into Group 1 (≤ 20%; n = 4 males), Group 2 (>20% to 60%; n = 3 males), and Group 3 (>60%; n = 3 males). The immunocytochemistry results showed the presence of GLUT3 at the principal and end piece of the sperm tail. GLUT3 expressions in each group were significantly different …

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Effects Of Ultrasonication On Damaged Spermatozoa And Mitochondrial Activity Rate, Pinar Peker Akalin, Nuri̇ Başpinar, Kenan Çoyan, Mustafa Numan Bucak, Şükrü Güngör, Caner Öztürk Jan 2016

Effects Of Ultrasonication On Damaged Spermatozoa And Mitochondrial Activity Rate, Pinar Peker Akalin, Nuri̇ Başpinar, Kenan Çoyan, Mustafa Numan Bucak, Şükrü Güngör, Caner Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to describe an optimal sonication procedure for sperm cells. Therefore, we used several parameters such as damaged spermatozoa rate (%), mitochondrial activity rate (%), levels of lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant potential. Ejaculates were collected from rams (n = 3) and were divided into aliquots and 3-, 6-, and 10-s duration times; 1, 3, 5, and 8 repetitive application groups were established. In the groups with 3-, 6- and 10-s duration times, with the increasing number of repeated applications, damaged spermatozoa rates increased (P < 0.05) while mitochondrial activity rates decreased (P < 0.05). In relation with sonication duration time, total antioxidant potential levels increased (P < 0.05) in single-application groups compared to those in control groups and gradually decreased as the repetitions increased. The most effective results were obtained in the group with 8 repetitions and 10-s duration based on damaged spermatozoa rate and mitochondrial activity rate.

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Characterization Of Porcine Adiponectin Gene (Adipoq) Polymorphismsand Their Association With Litter Size, Xiaodong Zhang, Ning Zhou, Jie Zhou, Ning Wang, Xiang Qin, Hui Dong, Yueyun Ding, Zongjun Yin Jan 2016

Characterization Of Porcine Adiponectin Gene (Adipoq) Polymorphismsand Their Association With Litter Size, Xiaodong Zhang, Ning Zhou, Jie Zhou, Ning Wang, Xiang Qin, Hui Dong, Yueyun Ding, Zongjun Yin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Litter size is one of the most important economic traits for pig production as it is directly related to production efficiency. To evaluate the effects of the adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene on porcine litter size, we investigated ADIPOQ polymorphisms in three breeds, Wannan Black pigs, Berkshire pigs, and BW pigs (crossbred pigs produced from mating male Berkshire pigs and female Wannan Black pigs), using the PCR-SSCP method. Three SNPs (c. 178G > A, c. 1165A > G, and c. 1138G > A) were identified. In Wannan Black pigs, association analysis indicated that the c. 178G > A SNP genotype was significantly associated with an effect …

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The Treatment Of Distal Metacarpus Fracture With Locking Compression Plate In Calves*, Ali̇ Belge, İbrahi̇m Akin, Ali̇ Gülaydin, Muhammed Fati̇h Yazici Jan 2016

The Treatment Of Distal Metacarpus Fracture With Locking Compression Plate In Calves*, Ali̇ Belge, İbrahi̇m Akin, Ali̇ Gülaydin, Muhammed Fati̇h Yazici

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of locking compression plates for the treatment of distal metacarpal fractures in calves. The metacarpus was stabilized using a stainless steel locking compression plate with fully threaded locking head screws. The calves started weight-bearing partially after the first postoperative day and resumed complete weight-bearing after day 10. Callus formation was obtained at the end of the 3rd week and completed at the end of the 8th week, and complete healing was seen at the 12th week in radiographs. The limbs were in good alignment, the calves were fully weight-bearing, and client …

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The Effect Of Dgat1 Polymorphism On Milk Production Traits In Dairycows Depending On Environmental Temperature, Jolanta Komisarek, Mateusz Kolenda Jan 2016

The Effect Of Dgat1 Polymorphism On Milk Production Traits In Dairycows Depending On Environmental Temperature, Jolanta Komisarek, Mateusz Kolenda

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

It has long been known that a hot environment negatively influences milk production in cattle. Although molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon to a great extent remain to be recognized, they include alterations in lipid metabolism. DGAT1 plays a key role in the synthesis of triacylglycerols and polymorphism of this gene has been proven to have a pronounced influence on milk production. The aim of this study was to establish if the effect of DGAT1:p.K232A on milk-related traits is dependent on environmental thermal conditions. The analysis, performed on 468 cows of the Polish Holstein-Friesian breed, showed that allele DGAT1:K232 significantly increased …

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Cryopreservation Of Seabream (Sparus Aurata) Semen And Fertility, Mehmet Borga Tirpan, Erkut Dervi̇ş Özgöray, Havva Alemdar, Ergün Akçay Jan 2016

Cryopreservation Of Seabream (Sparus Aurata) Semen And Fertility, Mehmet Borga Tirpan, Erkut Dervi̇ş Özgöray, Havva Alemdar, Ergün Akçay

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the aim was to reveal spermatological parameters of seabream (Sparus aurata), freezing ability of semen in different extenders, and fertilization capacity of frozen seabream semen. The study was conducted with 10 male and 6 female brooder seabreams. Female fish were synchronized by photoperiod and water temperature in the breeding season. Four different extenders [Mounib, Salty Mounib, Ringer, and sea water (1% NaCl)] including 10% dimethyl sulfoxide were used to assess the freezing ability of seabream semen. After postthaw spermatological examinations, three successful extenders (Mounib, Ringer, 1% NaCl) were chosen for the fertilization stage and 2 control and …

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Dimensional Characteristics Of Spermatozoa Of Nili-Ravi Buffalo Bulls: Seasonaland Climatic Influences, Sajid Hameed, Saima Masood, Hafsa Zaneb, Muhammad Sarwar Khan, Muhammad Younis, Muhammad Avais, Muti Ur Rehman Khan Jan 2016

Dimensional Characteristics Of Spermatozoa Of Nili-Ravi Buffalo Bulls: Seasonaland Climatic Influences, Sajid Hameed, Saima Masood, Hafsa Zaneb, Muhammad Sarwar Khan, Muhammad Younis, Muhammad Avais, Muti Ur Rehman Khan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted in 2 different climatic zones of Punjab Province of Pakistan, the Sahiwal and Bahawalpur divisions, simultaneously for the period of 1 year divided into seasons. Seven adult Nili-Ravi buffalo breeding bulls from each division were used. Dimensional characteristics of spermatozoa were determined. Season had a nonsignificant effect on the sperm head length in both divisions and a nonsignificant difference was also observed between bulls of the Sahiwal and Bahawalpur divisions. The buffalo bulls of both divisions exhibited significantly increased sperm head breadth in autumn, whereas a nonsignificant difference was observed between divisions. Sperm head shape values …

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Presence Of Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes Throughout The Digestive Tract Of Sheep, Renata Miltko, Grzegorz Belzecki, Barbara Kowalik, Jacek Skomial Jan 2016

Presence Of Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes Throughout The Digestive Tract Of Sheep, Renata Miltko, Grzegorz Belzecki, Barbara Kowalik, Jacek Skomial

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The activity of enzymes that digest carbohydrates at various points in the gastrointestinal tract of sheep was examined. In addition, weight and contents of digestive tract segments were examined. The experiment was performed on six adult ewes fed an 85% hay diet. The morphometric measurements revealed that the alimentary tract constituted 32% of the sheep's body mass and wet rumen contents constituted 70% of wet mass of the total digestive tract content. The protozoal population in the rumen varied from 37.2 × 104 to 54.0 × 104/mL rumen fluid. In the examined samples, ciliates were identified as belonging to the …

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Gps Tracking Of Free-Ranging Pigs To Evaluate Ring Strategies For The Control Of Cysticercosis/Taeniasis In Peru, Ian W. Pray, Dallas J. Swanson, Viterbo Ayvar, Claudio Muro, Luz Maria Moyano, Armando E. Gonzalez, Hector H. Garcia, Multiple Additional Authors Jan 2016

Gps Tracking Of Free-Ranging Pigs To Evaluate Ring Strategies For The Control Of Cysticercosis/Taeniasis In Peru, Ian W. Pray, Dallas J. Swanson, Viterbo Ayvar, Claudio Muro, Luz Maria Moyano, Armando E. Gonzalez, Hector H. Garcia, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background Taenia solium, a parasitic cestode that affects humans and pigs, is the leading cause of preventable epilepsy in the developing world. T. solium eggs are released into the environment through the stool of humans infected with an adult intestinal tapeworm (a condition called taeniasis), and cause cysticercosis when ingested by pigs or other humans. A control strategy to intervene within high-risk foci in endemic communities has been proposed as an alternative to mass antihelminthic treatment. In this ring strategy, antihelminthic treatment is targeted to humans and pigs residing within a 100 meter radius of a pig heavily-infected with cysticercosis. …

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The Ability Of Bull And Stallion Thawed Spermatozoa Refrozen Without Cryoprotectants To Activate Intra- And Interspecies Oocytes, Jose Len Yin Jan 2016

The Ability Of Bull And Stallion Thawed Spermatozoa Refrozen Without Cryoprotectants To Activate Intra- And Interspecies Oocytes, Jose Len Yin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Semen cryopreservation has allowed the establishment of genome banks and the large scale propagation of species. The development of simple techniques to cryopreserve semen or alternatives to efficiently use cryopreserved semen from males of valuable genetics that have become infertile will permit continuous propagation of the genetics from these males and may serve as a model for preservation and propagation of endangered species. Sperm cryopreservation without cryoprotectants is a simple process, and offspring have been produced following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI); however the ability of frozen-thawed sperm refrozen without the addition of cryoprotectants to activate oocytes following ICSI was unknown. …

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Rickettsia Felis, Transmission Mechanisms Of An Emerging Flea-Borne Rickettsiosis, Lisa Diane Brown Jan 2016

Rickettsia Felis, Transmission Mechanisms Of An Emerging Flea-Borne Rickettsiosis, Lisa Diane Brown

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Rickettsia felis is an emerging insect-borne rickettsial pathogen and the causative agent of flea-borne spotted fever. First described as a human pathogen from the United States in 1991, R. felis is now identified throughout the world and considered a common cause of fever in Africa. The cosmopolitan distribution of this pathogen is credited to the equally widespread occurrence of cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis), the primary vector and reservoir of R. felis. Additionally, R. felis has been identified in other hematophagous arthropods (including numerous species of fleas, ticks, mosquitoes, and mites). Most transmission cycles of pathogenic Rickettsia include transovarial and transstadial …

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Identification And Characterization Of A Relish-Type Nf-Kb, Dvrelish In Dermacentor Variabilis, The American Dog Tick, Victoria Irene Verhoeve Jan 2016

Identification And Characterization Of A Relish-Type Nf-Kb, Dvrelish In Dermacentor Variabilis, The American Dog Tick, Victoria Irene Verhoeve

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Ticks are important worldwide as vectors of bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic Spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia are maintained and transmitted by ticks with specific hard tick-Rickettsia pairings evident in nature. The pathogenic SFG Rickettsia rickettsii is transmitted by the hard tick Dermacentor variabilis. In response to infection, D. variabilis is known differentially respond to SFG Rickettsia infection. The mechanisms of differential immune induction are currently unknown, and are likely involved in the establishment of specific tick-SFG Rickettsia pairings. It was hypothesized that the level of response by D. variabilis to SFG Rickettsia occurs in a species-specific manner, …

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The Role Of Nadph Oxidase 2 (Nox2) In High-Fat Diet-Induced Adiposopathy And Brain Dysfunction In A Mouse Model, Jennifer Kathleen Pepping Jan 2016

The Role Of Nadph Oxidase 2 (Nox2) In High-Fat Diet-Induced Adiposopathy And Brain Dysfunction In A Mouse Model, Jennifer Kathleen Pepping

LSU Master's Theses

Obesity can have numerous detrimental consequences, namely metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. The pathogenesis and physiologic consequences of obesity are unknown, but they are often associated with increased inflammation and oxidative stress in both the body and in the brain. One factor that has been implicated in causing inflammation associated with a high fat diet is the enzyme NADPH oxidase, or NOX, specifically the subunit NOX2. Two studies were performed in order to assess the effects of a high fat diet in combination with a universal NOX2 deficiency and a NOX2 deficiency targeted to …

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Characterization Of Rickettsial Infection Dynamics Within Dermacentor Variabilis And Amblyomma Maculatum, Emma Kate Harris Jan 2016

Characterization Of Rickettsial Infection Dynamics Within Dermacentor Variabilis And Amblyomma Maculatum, Emma Kate Harris

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia are primarily associated with their reservoir host and vector, the tick. Rickettsial colonization and maintenance within the arthropod is a key component of vector competence and pathogen transmission to the mammalian host. Contemporary detection of novel tick hosts for rickettsial species, combined with an unprecedented rise in human cases of SFG rickettsiosis, necessitates a deeper understanding of tick/Rickettsia interactions. The hypothesis for this work is that if primary tick/Rickettsia pairings do not exist then rickettsial determinants account for primary vector/pathogen relationships. To this end, Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma maculatum ticks were exposed to R. rickettsii, …

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Chikungunya Virus Infection-Associated Bone And Joint Disease, Brad A. Goupil Jan 2016

Chikungunya Virus Infection-Associated Bone And Joint Disease, Brad A. Goupil

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that circulates predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions. Infection results in severe debilitating polyarthralgia during the acute phase of disease, and reports suggest that chronic arthralgia lasting months to years after the initial infection can occur. More severe and prolonged disease has been associated with pre-existing joint disease, though this has not been experimentally examined. In the research presented herein, two established mouse models (adult IRF 3/7 -/- -/- and wild-type C57BL/6J mice) were utilized to characterize CHIKV-associated bone and joint disease and evaluate its impact on the progression of pre-existing osteoarthritis (OA) …

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Tissue Restricted Splice Junctions Originate Not Only From Tissue-Specific Gene Loci, But Gene Loci With A Broad Pattern Of Expression, Matthew S. Hestand, Zheng Zeng, Stephen J. Coleman, Jinze Liu, James N. Macleod Dec 2015

Tissue Restricted Splice Junctions Originate Not Only From Tissue-Specific Gene Loci, But Gene Loci With A Broad Pattern Of Expression, Matthew S. Hestand, Zheng Zeng, Stephen J. Coleman, Jinze Liu, James N. Macleod

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Cellular mechanisms that achieve protein diversity in eukaryotes are multifaceted, including transcriptional components such as RNA splicing. Through alternative splicing, a single protein-coding gene can generate multiple mRNA transcripts and protein isoforms, some of which are tissue-specific. We have conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses of the Bodymap 2.0 messenger RNA-sequencing data from 16 human tissue samples and identified 209,363 splice junctions. Of these, 22,231 (10.6%) were not previously annotated and 21,650 (10.3%) were expressed in a tissue-restricted pattern. Tissue-restricted alternative splicing was found to be widespread, with approximately 65% of expressed multi-exon genes containing at least one tissue-specific splice junction. …

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Summer-Long Grazing Of High Vs. Low Endophyte (Neotyphodium Coenophialum)-Infected Tall Fescue By Growing Beef Steers Results In Distinct Temporal Blood Analyte Response Patterns, With Poor Correlation To Serum Prolactin Levels, Joshua J. Jackson, Merlin D. Lindemann, James A. Boling, James C. Matthews Dec 2015

Summer-Long Grazing Of High Vs. Low Endophyte (Neotyphodium Coenophialum)-Infected Tall Fescue By Growing Beef Steers Results In Distinct Temporal Blood Analyte Response Patterns, With Poor Correlation To Serum Prolactin Levels, Joshua J. Jackson, Merlin D. Lindemann, James A. Boling, James C. Matthews

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Previously, we reported the effects of fescue toxicosis on developing Angus-cross steer growth, carcass, hepatic mRNA, and protein expression profiles of selected serum proteins, and blood clinical and chemical profiles, after summer-long grazing (85 days) of high endophyte (HE)- vs. low endophyte (LE)-infected fescue pastures. We now report the temporal development of acute, intermediate, and chronic responses of biochemical and clinical blood analytes determined at specified time intervals (period 1, day 0–36; period 2, day 37–58; and period 3, day 59–85). Throughout the trial, the alkaloid concentrations of the HE forage was consistently 19–25 times greater (P ≤ 0.002) …

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Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity In A Free-Ranging Mammal: Effects Of Dominance Rank And Personality, Elodie F. Briefer, James A. Oxley, Alan G. Mcelligott Dec 2015

Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity In A Free-Ranging Mammal: Effects Of Dominance Rank And Personality, Elodie F. Briefer, James A. Oxley, Alan G. Mcelligott

Ethology Collection

Modulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity allows animals to effectively respond to internal and external stimuli in everyday challenges via changes in, for example, heart and respiration rate. Various factors, ranging from social such as dominance rank to internal such as personality or affective states can impact animal physiology. Our knowledge of the combinatory effects of social and internal factors on ANS basal activity and reactivity, and of the importance that each factor has in determining physiological parameters, is limited, particularly in nonhuman, free-ranging animals. In this study, we tested the effects of dominance rank and personality (assessed …

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Efficiency Of Energy Utilization And Fecal Mineral Excretion In Holstein And Jersey Dairy Cows, Gabriel Garcia Gomez Dec 2015

Efficiency Of Energy Utilization And Fecal Mineral Excretion In Holstein And Jersey Dairy Cows, Gabriel Garcia Gomez

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Eight multiparous Holstein and 8 Jersey dairy cows were used to complete energy balance trials designed to determine the effect of breed on the production and energy efficiency of milk, and energy partitioning. A repeated switchback design was used to compare the effect of cow breed. Diets consisted of 24.5% corn silage, 18.4% alfalfa hay, 6.9% grass hay, with either 22.9% rolled corn and 14.8% soybean meal (CON) or 8.95% rolled corn and 28.8% reduced fat distillers grains (RFDDGS) DM-basis. Diets were offered ad libitum for a 28 d adaptation period and 95% ad libitum for a 4 d collection …

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Induction Of Parturition In Sows, Roy N. Kirkwood Dec 2015

Induction Of Parturition In Sows, Roy N. Kirkwood

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

When levels of neonatal mortality are considered too high or there is a need for relatively high levels of cross fostering, a protocol of induced farrowing should be implemented to facilitate farrowing supervision. Before implementing an induction protocol the normal gestation length for the farm should be established and sows not induced more than 2 days in advance. Earlier injections will result in low birthweight pigs with potentially compromised lung development. For optimal induction, inject prostaglandin or an analogue into the vulva at the label or 50% dose in the morning and again 6 to 8 hours later. Do not …

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Molecular Prevalence Of Zoonotic Pathogens In Pet And Stray Dogs In Southern Taiwan, Tsung-Hung Feng, Chi-Chung Chou, Tsung-Ming Yeh, Yao-Chi Su, Yi-Ping Lu, Wen-Ling Shih, Chiang-Hua Chiang, Ching-Dong Chang, Shyh-Shyan Liu, Hung-Yi Wu, Han Hsiang Huang, Ming-Hui Liao Dec 2015

Molecular Prevalence Of Zoonotic Pathogens In Pet And Stray Dogs In Southern Taiwan, Tsung-Hung Feng, Chi-Chung Chou, Tsung-Ming Yeh, Yao-Chi Su, Yi-Ping Lu, Wen-Ling Shih, Chiang-Hua Chiang, Ching-Dong Chang, Shyh-Shyan Liu, Hung-Yi Wu, Han Hsiang Huang, Ming-Hui Liao

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The prevalence of important zoonotic diseases including Lyme disease, Q fever, heartworm disease, leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis in pet and stray dogs in southern Taiwan (Kaohsiung City and Pingtung County) was assessed using nested, semi-nested or traditional polymerase chain reaction. The correlations between the prevalence and regional demiographic data were also analyzed. Blood samples were randomly collected from pet and stray dogs monthly from September 2009 to August 2011. The PCR sensitivity for Borrelia burgdorferi was 10 pg, 100 fg for Coxiella burnetii, 1 pg for Dirofilaria immitis, 100 pg for Leptospira spp. and 10 fg for Toxoplasma gondii, respectively, in …

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