Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Goat Semen Quality After Being Frozen Using Albumin And Cholesterol Substituted For Egg Yolk In Semen Extender, Terdchai Kaewkesa, Anucha Sathanawongs, Apichart Oranratnachai, Jureerat Sumretprasong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of albumin and cholesterol substituted for egg yolk in goat semen extender after frozen-thawed on semen quality and pregnancy rate. The semen was collected from three bucks by using artificial vagina. The semen was divided into 5 groups; in group 1, seminal plasma was removed and 20% egg yolk extender was added (standard), in group 2, 2% egg yolk extender was added into whole semen (control), in group 3, 4 mg/mL albumin extender was added into whole semen, in group 4, 5 mg/mL cholesterol extender was added into whole semen, …

Genetic Parameters Of Semen Quality Traits And Production Traits Of Pure-Bred Boars In Thailand, Krittaphak Buranawit, Nalinee Imboonta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for semen quality and production traits of pure-bred Finnish-Norwegian boars raised in Thailand. Data used in this study were 9,760 records of semen collection and 108 records of performance tests (from 25 Duroc, 59 Landrace, and 24 Yorkshire boars). Semen quality traits considered per collection were semen volume (SV), semen concentration (SC), total sperm (TS), and total abnormality (TA). Data were recorded from 2001 to 2009, except for TA, which was not recorded until 2003. Production measures from each boar were average daily gain (ADG) and backfat thickness (BF). Results …

Electrocardiographic Changes In Dogs With Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease Treated With Pimobendan: A Retrospective Study Of 29 Cases, Sirilak Disatian Surachetpong, Nisarat Boonlue, Pasorn Pupa, Waratsarin Boonsathitanan, Sumanee Rakthaidee, Tanawan Mangklabruks, Siriwan Sakarin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate changes in electrocardiograms (ECG) and cardiac arrhythmias in 29 dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) treated with pimobendan chronically. All dogs had normal ECG before pimobendan administration. The dogs were classified according to ECG after pimobendan administration into 2 groups: normal ECG (n=19) and abnormal ECG (n=10). Age, sex, breed, serum alkaline phosphatase, concurrent digoxin administration, total daily dosage of pimobendan and digoxin, duration of pimobendan administration, and ECG parameters including heart rate, P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, and QT interval were analyzed. Cardiac arrhythmias were increasingly found in …

Diversity Of Non-Flavobacterium Columnare Bacteria Associated With Columnaris-Like Diseased Fish, Ha Thanh Dong, Vuong Viet Nguyen, Wanniwat Mata, Pattanapon Kayansamruaj, Saengchan Senapin, Dachrit Nilubol, Channarong Rodkhum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Numerous yellow and pink pigmented bacterial isolates had been recovered from diseased fish exhibiting columnaris-like disease in tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) farms in Thailand. The predominant species had been identified as Flavobacterium columnare while taxonomic classification of the remaining isolates and their pathogenic potential remain undetermined. An additional yellow bacterial strain had also been obtained from a koi carp sample showing columnaris-like symptoms. To continue our previous work, this study described the identification of ten representatives of unknown culturable non-Flavobacterium columnare bacteria based on a combination of phenotypic characteristics and nucleotides homology of 16S rRNA gene and subsequently investigated their pathogenicity …

Identification Of Novel Snps And 10 Bp Deletion Of Ovine Dgat1 Gene And Their Association With Milk Production Traits, Ozge Ozmen, Selim Kul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Acyl coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (dgat1) plays a key role in triacylglycerol synthesis by catalyzing the final committed step in the formation of triglycerides. Moreover, it could be used as a positional marker gene associated with milk production and composition traits. The purpose of the study was to identify genotype frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ovine dgat1 gene and its possible association with milk traits in dairy sheep breeds. The genetic structures of SNPs were examined by PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing in three sheep populations. Significant association of dgat1 gene of the intron 16 g.8384T>C loci …

Identification Of Competitive Exclusion And Its Ability To Protect Against Campylobacter Jejuni In Broilers, Thotsapol Thomrongsuwannakij, Rungtip Chuanchuen, Niwat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to identify competitive exclusion (CE) isolated from native chickens and organic layers raised under non-antimicrobial usage farms. The protection of CE was tested against Campylobacter jejuni challenges in broilers. Lactobacillus spp., Bacillus spp. and Enterococcus faecium were identified from 50 adult chicken feces of those farms. According to antimicrobial-resistance concerns of European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the use of CE that is susceptible to antimicrobials is preferred. The numbers of Lactobacillus spp., Bacillus spp. and Enterococcus faecium equal to 195, 93 and 58 strains, respectively, were tested for their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 10 antimicrobials. As …

Quantitative Method For Detecting Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Using Bio-Theta Doxtm System, Shouichi Tanno, Naoki Fukui, Yukihiro Utaka, Saburo Ohkawa, Yukio Morita, Sumalee Boonmar

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This is the first report on the quantitative method for detecting Vibrio parahaemolyticus using the Bio-Theta DOXTM system. Seven V. parahaemolyticus strains and 23 non-V. parahaemolyticus strains were assessed. The rate of positive detection of Vibrio in samples of the 7 V. parahaemolyticus strains at high concentration (105 cfu/ml), medium concentration (103 cfu/ml), and low concentration (10 cfu/ml) was 100%. All 7 V. parahaemolyticus strains displayed good linear calibration curves for detection time relative to bacterial count (r > 0.993). The mean negative rate for the high-concentration (106 cfu/ml) non-V. parahaemolyticus samples was 65.2% (15/23) and that for the medium-concentration (103 …

Diagnosis Of Pharyngeal Sialocele In A Dog By Ct Scan : A Case Report, Sekkarin Ploypetch, Nan Choisunirachon, Chanin Kalpravidh

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 7-year-old, 10 kg male poodle dog was presented at the Small Animal Teaching Hospital, with the clinical signs of chronic coughing, bad deglutition and severe respiratory distress. On oral examination, a large mass arisen from the throat was found. Because the skull-cervical radiographs revealed only a large soft tissue pharyngeal mass which were difficult to indicate the mass types and the tissue invasiveness, the computed tomography (CT) was subsequently applied. The CT result showed that the mass was an encapsulated hypoattenuation mass (2.5 x 4.3 x 2.4 cm) at the right pharyngeal area without any adjacent soft tissue invasions. …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Seroprevalence And Phylogenetic Analysis Of Toxoplasma Gondii From Domestic Cats, Captive Wild Felids, Free-Range Wild Felids And Rats In Certain Regions Of Thailand, Ruangrat Buddhirongawatr, Kridsada Chaichoun, Siriporn Tungsudjai, Ruenruethai Udonsom, Andrew Thompson, Oangart Mahittikorn, Paron Dekumyoy, Yaowalark Sukthana

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligated zoonotic apicomplexan parasite. The infection varies according to geographical areas. This work aimed to study the seroprevalence and genotype of T. gondii infection in domestic, captive and free-range wild felids, and in their small mammal prey, rats (Rattus spp). Two hundred and ninety three sera, received from the 4 individual animal groups in Thailand, were tested using the indirect latex agglutination test (ILAT) for specific antibody detection. The nested-PCR for glycerol-3-phosphate (B1) and bradyzoite surface antigen (SAG4) gene detection was used to detect seropositive animals and PCR product …

Optimization Of Trehalose Concentration In Semen Freezing Extender In Thai Native Chicken Semen, Pachara Thananurak, Thevin Vongpralup, Chamaiporn Sittikasamkit, Kedsirin Sakwiwatkul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to find optimal concentration of trehalose supplemented to semen extenders (0, 5, 10, and 15 mM). Ejaculates were collected from 24 Thai native cocks (Pradu Hang Dam; 1 year old), then diluted (1:3) and pooled before allocation to treatments. In the experiment, semen was either cooled to 5ºC after dilution or diluted with a pre-cooled diluents before cooling to 5ºC. Semen freezing was performed in liquid nitrogen vapor at -135ºC and -35ºC, with 6% DMF, and compared for sperm qualities. After thawing, it was measured for total sperm motility and progressive motile by CASA. …

Molecular Detection Of Theileria And Babesia In A Diversity Of Stomoxyini Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Khao Yai National Park, Thailand, Tanasak Changbunjong, Sivapong Sungpradit, Oraphan Kanthasaewee, Poonyapat Sedwisai, Siriporn Tangsudjai, Jiraporn Ruangsittichai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Blood protozoan species of the genera Theileria and Babesia are known to infect both domestic and wild animals. This study was carried out to detect Theileria and Babesia DNA in Stomoxyini flies collected in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. A total of 110 Stomoxyini flies including 6 species, Stomoxys calcitrans, Stomoxys indicus, Stomoxys pullus, Stomoxys uruma, Haematobosca sanguinolenta and Haematostoma austeni, were examined by amplification against the 18S rRNA gene of the Theileria/Babesia species and then the PCR products were sequenced for species identification by comparison with published sequences from the GenBank database. Ten (9.1%) out of 110 samples were …

Membrane Insertion For The Detection Of Lipopolysaccharides: Exploring The Dynamics Of Amphiphile-In-Lipid Assays, Loreen R. Stromberg, Nicolas W. Hengartner, Kirstie L. Swingle, Rodney A. Moxley, Steven W. Graves, Gabriel A. Montaño, Harshini Mukundan

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli is an important cause of foodborne illness, with cases attributable to beef, fresh produce and other sources. Many serotypes of the pathogen cause disease, and differentiating one serotype from another requires specific identification of the O antigen located on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule. The amphiphilic structure of LPS poses a challenge when using classical detection methods, which do not take into account its lipoglycan biochemistry. Typically, detection of LPS requires heat or chemical treatment of samples and relies on bioactivity assays for the conserved lipid A portion of the molecule. Our goal was to develop assays …

Impacts From The Use Of Antibiotics In Livestock: Methods Of Transmission Of Antibiotic Resistance From Livestock To Humans, Kristin M. Walden

Biology: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

Antibiotic use in livestock production has been around since the 1950s. Antibiotic feed is used in livestock and other meat producing animals for three reasons: illness prevention, illness treatment, and growth promotion. Unfortunately, since the time that antibiotics were first invented, antibiotic resistant bacteria have become a threat to public health. There are many studies showing methods of transmission of antibiotic resistance from livestock to humans. Antibiotic resistance can spread from livestock to soil, water, insects, and food, which ultimately comes into contact with humans. A proposed study to measure antibiotic resistance when eliminating antibiotic feed will provide a hypothesis …

Clinical Study Of Canine Tear Lacritin As A Treatment For Dry Eye, Katherine E. Kelly

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), the deficiency of tears also known as dry eye, is a prevalent disease that affects both humans and canines. The current treatment for dye eye, cyclosporine (Restatis®), only provides temporary relief, is often associated with discomfort and is inconsistently effective. Lacritin is a naturally occurring tear glycoprotein secreted from the human and canine lacrimal glands. It has been shown that lacritin stimulates basal tearing in rabbits when applied topically. This study characterized the amount and form of lacritin found in the tears of dogs with healthy and dry eyes—information which may be applied to the development of …

Development Of A Novel Self-Propagating Prssv-Vsv G Hybrid Replicon As A Vector For Inducing Broad Prrsv Protection, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Throughout successive cycles of Pork Check-off funding, our laboratories (Pattnaik’s and Osorio’s labs) have consistently produced new and fundamental information on: (i) the immunologic mechanisms that are important for protection against PRRSV infection, (ii) the structural basis for induction of PRRSV-neutralizing antibodies which are significant for conferring protective immunity, (iii) the possibility of producing a rationally-designed new generation DIVA vaccine that would offer more efficacious protection, and (iv) the presence of conserved B- and T-cell epitopes in the structural and nonstructural proteins (NSPs) of PRRSV.

A Mutation In Ltbp2 Causes Congenital Glaucoma In Domestic Cats (Felis Catus), Markus H. Kuehn, Koren A. Lipsett, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, S. Scott Whitmore, Todd E. Scheetz, Victor A. David, Stephen J. O'Brien, Zhongyuan Zhao, Jackie K. Jens, Elizabeth M. Snella, N. Matthew Ellinwood, Gillian J. Mclellan

Biology Faculty Articles

The glaucomas are a group of diseases characterized by optic nerve damage that together represent a leading cause of blindness in the human population and in domestic animals. Here we report a mutation in LTBP2 that causes primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) in domestic cats. We identified a spontaneous form of PCG in cats and established a breeding colony segregating for PCG consistent with fully penetrant, autosomal recessive inheritance of the trait. Elevated intraocular pressure, globe enlargement and elongated ciliary processes were consistently observed in all affected cats by 8 weeks of age. Varying degrees of optic nerve damage resulted by …

An Ethogram For Benthic Octopods (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), Jennifer Mather, Jean S. Alupay

Physiology Collection

The present paper constructs a general ethogram for the actions of the flexible body as well as the skin displays of octopuses in the family Octopodidae. The actions of 6 sets of structures (mantle–funnel, arms, sucker–stalk, skin–web, head, and mouth) combine to produce behavioral units that involve positioning of parts leading to postures such as the flamboyant, movements of parts of the animal with relation to itself including head bob and grooming, and movements of the whole animal by both jetting in the water and crawling along the substrate. Muscular actions result in 4 key changes in skin display: (a) …

Post-Operative Bleeding In Greyhound Dogs Using An Abbreviated Aminocaproic Acid Treatment Protocol, Courtney Hamblin, Kimberly Peterson

Celebration of Student Scholarship Poster Sessions Archive

No abstract provided.

Studies On The Prevalence And Control Of Parasitic Helminths In "Natural" Laying Hens, Brittany R. Weir

Animal Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

One societal trend that has been gaining much traction and popularity since the 21^st century began is “organic” and/or “natural” food products. In 1999, the global market accounted for $15.2 billion dollars worth of organic food and drink, compared to the market in 2014 where we consumed $80 billion dollars worth (Willer et. al, 2016). With “natural” production of food animals however, “natural” parasite transmission may be a consequence. To that end, this experiment examines the prevalence of helminths in 110 “natural” laying hens from three regional farms and the efficacies of fenbendazole, piperazine, and levamisole on what should …

Evaluation And Selection Of A Bacillus Based Direct-Fed Microbial Candidate For In Situ Enzyme Production To Improve Gut Health Integrity, Bone Quality And Growth Performance In Poultry, Juan David Latorre Cardenas

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

During the last decade, the increasing interest in renewable energy sources has been changing the distribution of corn utilization from human and animal consumption to biofuel production, leading to a continuous rise in feed costs of livestock diets. Therefore, alternative feed ingredients such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), as well as cereals like wheat, barley, and sorghum have become part of the feed matrix to maintain or reduce production costs. However, these raw materials often contain a higher concentration of antinutritional factors in comparison to corn, including non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) which increase digesta viscosity and reduce nutrient absorption …

Plants, Prions And Possibilities: Current Understanding And Significance Of Prion Uptake Into Plants, Tracy A. Nichols

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is an infectious, neurodegenerative disease of deer (white-tailed and mule), elk, moose, sika deer and muntjac caused by a misfolded version of a normally occurring protein. The notion that CWD could be spread indirectly via the environment has been documented and accepted in the scientific community for quite some time. Deer and elk consume soil, inhale dust and lick objects that have infectious material on them, resulting in chronic, low dose exposure. Surface contamination of plants with urine or feces is likely an additional source of exposure via ingestion and has been modeled in the laboratory …

Effect Of Dietary Starch Source And Concentration On Equine Fecal Microbiota, Brittany E. Harlow, Laurie M. Lawrence, Susan H. Hayes, Andrea Crum, Michael D. Flythe

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Starch from corn is less susceptible to equine small intestinal digestion than starch from oats, and starch that reaches the hindgut can be utilized by the microbiota. The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of starch source on equine fecal microbiota. Thirty horses were assigned to treatments: control (hay only), HC (high corn), HO (high oats), LC (low corn), LO (low oats), and LW (low pelleted wheat middlings). Horses received an all-forage diet (2 wk; d -14 to d -1) before the treatment diets (2 wk; d 1 to 14). Starch was introduced gradually so that …

The Relationship Between Canine Nasal Length And Second-Hand Smoke Cotinine Levels, Sierra Wilson, Terry Derting

Scholars Week

Second-hand smoke (SHS) has been associated with respiratory cancers in canines, with the predisposed locations determined by the cephalic ratio (head length / head width). Exposure to SHS is frequently measured by analyzing urine or blood samples for the nicotine by-product cotinine. We investigated the suitability of saliva as an alternative source for cotinine analyses in dogs because obtaining saliva is less invasive and cotinine concentrations from SHS exposure are instantaneously measurable in saliva compared to other collection methods. Specifically, we tested for a quantitative relationship between cephalic ratio and the salivary concentration of cotinine. Our null hypothesis was that …

Animal-Assisted Therapy For Military Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Investigation On The Positive Effects Of Attachment And Affiliation Behaviors, Sara Miele

Scholarly and Creative Works Conference (2015 - 2021)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in people who have experienced a traumatic event (nimh.nih.gov, 2016). Because PTSD is a chronic disorder, it is associated with impaired quality of life (Stern et al., 2013). A specific population at high risk for developing PTSD is military veterans. It is estimated over half a million military veterans suffer from PTSD (Stern et al., 2013). Although there are psychological services and treatments for veterans, many do not seek help because fear of the negative stigma associated with mental illness (Lanning & Krenek, 2013). Recently, efforts have been made to implement veteran friendly treatment in …

Equine Arteritis Virus Uses Equine Cxcl16 As An Entry Receptor, Sanjay Sarkar, Lakshman Chelvarajan, Yun Young Go, Frank Cook, Sergey Artiushin, Shankar Mondal, Kelsi Anderson, John E. Eberth, Peter J. Timoney, Theodore S. Kalbfleisch, Ernest F. Bailey, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Previous studies in our laboratory have identified equine CXCL16 (EqCXCL16) to be a candidate molecule and possible cell entry receptor for equine arteritis virus (EAV). In horses, the CXCL16 gene is located on equine chromosome 11 (ECA11) and encodes a glycosylated, type I transmembrane protein with 247 amino acids. Stable transfection of HEK-293T cells with plasmid DNA carrying EqCXCL16 (HEK-EqCXCL16 cells) increased the proportion of the cell population permissive to EAV infection from < 3% to almost 100%. The increase in permissiveness was blocked either by transfection of HEK-EqCXCL16 cells with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against EqCXCL16 or by pretreatment with guinea pig polyclonal antibody against EqCXCL16 protein (Gp anti-EqCXCL16 pAb). Furthermore, using a virus overlay protein-binding assay (VOPBA) in combination with far-Western blotting, gradient-purified EAV particles were shown to bind directly to the EqCXCL16 protein in vitro. The binding of biotinylated virulent EAV strain Bucyrus at 4°C was significantly higher in HEK-EqCXCL16 cells than nontransfected HEK-293T cells. Finally, the results demonstrated …

Can Parasitized Lambs Self-Medicate Through Preferred Consumption Of Sericea Lespedeza Pellets?, Mallory Alicia Garcia

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Negative Energy And Mineral Balance In Periparturient Holstein-Friesian Cattle, Ameer Ahmed Abdelhameed

Open Access Dissertations

Most cows experience a state of negative energy and mineral balance during the periparturient period. This imbalance is a major problem in the dairy industry and it is more frequently seen in multiparous cattle due to their high milk production. A large amount of fat and protein is mobilized in order to address the energy deficit during the periparturient period. The ability to accurately monitor energetics and electrolytes status using accurate, rapid, and low cost point-of-care instruments will assist in optimizing animal health and productivity.

This dissertation contains three studies that evaluated point-of-care instruments for measuring blood and plasma glucose, …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2016), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue includes the 2015 SDSU Extension Annual Report.

[Page] 2 Contours Program Launched: Aims to Provide Insights & Prompt Discussions
[Page] 4 Local Momentum: Formation of State's First “Food Hub” Comes To Fruition [Page] 6 Spotlight On Soil Health: New Coalition Formed
[Page] 8 Exploring A Range Of Options: Youth Programs Cultivate Interest In Natural Resource Careers
[Page] 9 Profiles In Leadership: Our Mission Continues… Ensuring All Citizens Have Access To Education & Emerging Innovation
[Page] 10 Encouraging Animal Well-Being Workshops & Trainings Help Livestock Producers Become Better Stewards
[Page] 12 Wellness Wisdom: Variety Of Efforts Available To Encourage …

Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis: An Updated Consensus Statement With A Focus On Parasite Biology, Diagnosis, Treatment, And Prevention, S. M. Reed, M. Furr, Daniel K. Howe, A. L. Johnson, R. J. Mackay, J. K. Morrow, N. Pusterla, S. Witonsky

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) remains an important neurologic disease of horses. There are no pathognomonic clinical signs for the disease. Affected horses can have focal or multifocal central nervous system (CNS) disease. EPM can be difficult to diagnose antemortem. It is caused by either of 2 parasites, Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi, with much less known about N. hughesi. Although risk factors such as transport stress and breed and age correlations have been identified, biologic factors such as genetic predispositions of individual animals, and parasite-specific factors such as strain differences in virulence, remain largely undetermined. This consensus statement …