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2014

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Articles 211 - 240 of 279

Full-Text Articles in Botany

Mapping The Low Palmitate Fap1 Mutation And Validation Of Its Effects In Soybean Oil And Agronomic Traits In Three Soybean Populations, Andrea J. Cardinal, Rebecca Whetten, Sanbao Wang, Jérôme Auclair, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan, Eleni Bachlava, Jason Gillman, Martha Ramirez, Ralph Dewey, Greg Upchurch, Lilian Miranda, Joesph W. Burton Jan 2014

Mapping The Low Palmitate Fap1 Mutation And Validation Of Its Effects In Soybean Oil And Agronomic Traits In Three Soybean Populations, Andrea J. Cardinal, Rebecca Whetten, Sanbao Wang, Jérôme Auclair, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan, Eleni Bachlava, Jason Gillman, Martha Ramirez, Ralph Dewey, Greg Upchurch, Lilian Miranda, Joesph W. Burton

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean oil with reduced palmitic acid content is desirable to reduce the health risks associated with consumption of this fatty acid. The objectives of this study were: to identify the genomic location of the reduced palmitate fap1 mutation, determine its molecular basis, estimate the amount of phenotypic variation in fatty acid composition explained by this locus, determine if there are epistatic interactions between the fap1 and fapnc loci and, determine if the fap1 mutation has pleiotropic effects on seed yield, oil and protein content in three soybean populations. This study detected two major QTL for 16:0 content located in …

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Identification Of New Qtls For Seed Mineral, Cysteine, And Methionine Concentrations In Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.], Raghuprakash Kastoori Ramamurthy, Joseph Jedlicka, George L. Graef, Brian M. Waters Jan 2014

Identification Of New Qtls For Seed Mineral, Cysteine, And Methionine Concentrations In Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.], Raghuprakash Kastoori Ramamurthy, Joseph Jedlicka, George L. Graef, Brian M. Waters

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Increased concentrations of important nutrients in edible parts of plants could result in biofortified foods. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a major legume crop and an important source of certain nutrients, including protein and minerals, in human and animal diets. Understanding the underlying genetic basis of seed composition is crucial to improving seed nutrient composition. In this study we used three soybean recombinant inbred line mapping populations derived from the crosses Williams 82 × DSR-173, Williams 82 × NKS19-90 and Williams 82 × Vinton 81, and constructed a joint linkage map from these populations. Forty quantitative trait loci (QTLs) …

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The Interaction Of Climate Change, Land Cover, And Political Representation In The Usa, Brady W. Allred, Dirac L. Twidwell, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf Jan 2014

The Interaction Of Climate Change, Land Cover, And Political Representation In The Usa, Brady W. Allred, Dirac L. Twidwell, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The difficulties in tackling climate change are inherently complex and primarily centered on political and social values. This is evident in the United States where political divisions and polarizations are fundamental barriers to advancing national policies, which in turn hinder international agreements, mitigation, and adaptation. Within the United States, the vast majority of agricultural and natural resource lands are projected to incur significant climate departures and are represented by the Republican Party. The resources and economic sectors that will be directly affected by climate change are represented by national leadership that is unlikely to accept policies to prevent or adapt …

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Development Of Scar Markers And Up-Pcr Cross-Hybridization Method For Specific Detection Of Four Major Subgroups Of Rhizoctonia From Infected Turfgrasses, Bimal S. Amaradasa, Dilip Lakshman, Brandon J. Horvath, Keenan Amundsen Jan 2014

Development Of Scar Markers And Up-Pcr Cross-Hybridization Method For Specific Detection Of Four Major Subgroups Of Rhizoctonia From Infected Turfgrasses, Bimal S. Amaradasa, Dilip Lakshman, Brandon J. Horvath, Keenan Amundsen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A rapid identification assay for Waitea circinata (anamorph: Rhizoctonia spp.) varieties zeae and circinata causing patch diseases on turfgrasses was developed based on the universally primed PCR (UPPCR) products cross-blot hybridization. Tester isolates belonging to the two varieties of W. circinata were amplified with a single UP primer L21, which generated multiple DNA fragments for each variety. Probes were prepared with UP-PCR products of each tester isolate by labeling with digoxigenin. Fieldcollected W. circinata isolates and representative isolates of different R. solani anastomosis groups (AG) and AG subgroups were amplified with L21, immobilized on nylon membrane and cross hybridized with …

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Drought Effects On Composition And Yield For Corn Stover, Mixed Grasses, And Miscanthus As Bioenergy Feedstocks, Rachel Emerson, Amber Hoover, Allison Ray, Jeffrey Lacey, Marnie Cortez, Courtney Payne, Douglas L. Karlen, Stuart Birrell, David Laird, Robert Kallenbach, Josh Egenolf, Matthew Sousek, Thomas Voigt Jan 2014

Drought Effects On Composition And Yield For Corn Stover, Mixed Grasses, And Miscanthus As Bioenergy Feedstocks, Rachel Emerson, Amber Hoover, Allison Ray, Jeffrey Lacey, Marnie Cortez, Courtney Payne, Douglas L. Karlen, Stuart Birrell, David Laird, Robert Kallenbach, Josh Egenolf, Matthew Sousek, Thomas Voigt

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Drought conditions in 2012 were some of the most severe in recent history. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of drought on quality, quantity, and theoretical ethanol yield (TEY) of three bioenergy feedstocks, corn stover, mixed grasses from Conservation Reserve Program lands, and Miscanthus × giganteus. To assess drought effects on these feedstocks, samples from 2010 (minimal to no drought) and 2012 (severe drought) were compared from multiple locations in the US. In all feedstocks, drought significantly increased extractives and reduced structural sugars and lignin; subsequently, TEYs were reduced 10–15%. Biomass yields were significantly reduced …

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Nonsyntenic Genes Drive Highly Dynamic Complementation Of Gene Expression In Maize Hybrids, Anja Paschold, Nick B. Larson, Caroline Marcon, James C. Schnable, Cheng-Ting Yeh, Christa Lanz, Dan Nettleton, Hans-Peter Piepho, Patrick S. Schnable, Frank Hochholdinger Jan 2014

Nonsyntenic Genes Drive Highly Dynamic Complementation Of Gene Expression In Maize Hybrids, Anja Paschold, Nick B. Larson, Caroline Marcon, James C. Schnable, Cheng-Ting Yeh, Christa Lanz, Dan Nettleton, Hans-Peter Piepho, Patrick S. Schnable, Frank Hochholdinger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Maize (Zea mays) displays an exceptional level of structural genomic diversity, which is likely unique among higher eukaryotes. In this study, we surveyed how the genetic divergence of two maize inbred lines affects the transcriptomic landscape in four different primary root tissues of their F1-hybrid progeny. An extreme instance of complementation was frequently observed: genes that were expressed in only one parent but in both reciprocal hybrids. This single-parent expression (SPE) pattern was detected for 2341 genes with up to 1287 SPE patterns per tissue. As a consequence, the number of active genes in hybrids exceeded that of …

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Dt2 Is A Gain-Of-Function Mads-Domain Factor Gene That Specifies Semideterminacy In Soybean, Jieqing Ping, Yunfeng Liu, Lianjun Sun, Meixia Zhao, Yinghui Li, Zongxiang Tang, Hanh Nguyen, Zhixi Tian, Lijuan Qiu, Randall L. Nelson, Thomas E. Clemente, James Specht, Jianxin Ma Jan 2014

Dt2 Is A Gain-Of-Function Mads-Domain Factor Gene That Specifies Semideterminacy In Soybean, Jieqing Ping, Yunfeng Liu, Lianjun Sun, Meixia Zhao, Yinghui Li, Zongxiang Tang, Hanh Nguyen, Zhixi Tian, Lijuan Qiu, Randall L. Nelson, Thomas E. Clemente, James Specht, Jianxin Ma

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Similar to Arabidopsis thaliana, the wild soybeans (Glycine soja) and many cultivars exhibit indeterminate stem growth specified by the shoot identity gene Dt1, the functional counterpart of Arabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1). Mutations in TFL1 and Dt1 both result in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) switching from vegetative to reproductive state to initiate terminal flowering and thus produce determinate stems. A second soybean gene (Dt2) regulating stem growth was identified, which, in the presence of Dt1, produces semideterminate plants with terminal racemes similar to those observed in determinate plants. Here, we report positional …

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Eqtl Networks Reveal Complex Genetic Architecture In The Immature Soybean Seed, Yung-Tsi Bolon, D. Hyten, James H. Orf, Carroll P. Vance, Gary J. Muehlbauer Jan 2014

Eqtl Networks Reveal Complex Genetic Architecture In The Immature Soybean Seed, Yung-Tsi Bolon, D. Hyten, James H. Orf, Carroll P. Vance, Gary J. Muehlbauer

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The complex network of regulatory factors and interactions involved in transcriptional regulation within the seed is not well understood. To evaluate gene expression regulation in the immature seed, we utilized a genetical genomics approach on a soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and produced a genome-wide expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) dataset. The validity of the dataset was confirmed by mapping the eQTL hotspot for flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes to a region containing repeats of chalcone synthase (CHS) genes known to correspond to the soybean inhibitor locus that regulates seed color. We then identified eQTL for …

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Nebraska’S Groundwater Legacy: Nitrate Contamination Beneath Irrigated Cropland, Mary E. Exner Spaulding, Aaron J. Hirsh, Roy F. Spalding Jan 2014

Nebraska’S Groundwater Legacy: Nitrate Contamination Beneath Irrigated Cropland, Mary E. Exner Spaulding, Aaron J. Hirsh, Roy F. Spalding

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A 31 year record of ~44,000 nitrate analyses in ~11,500 irrigation wells was utilized to depict the decadal expansion of groundwater nitrate contamination (N>10 mg/L) in the irrigated corn-growing areas of eastern and central Nebraska and analyze long-term nitrate concentration trends in 17 management areas (MAs) subject to N fertilizer and budgeting requirements. The 1.3 M contaminated hectares were characterized by irrigation method, soil drainage, and vadose zone thickness and lithology. The areal extent and growth of contaminated groundwater in two predominately sprinkler-irrigated areas was only ~20% smaller beneath well-drained silt loams with thick clayey-silt unsaturated layers and unsaturated …

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Multilocation Corn Stover Harvest Effects On Crop Yields And Nutrient Removal, Douglas L. Karlen, Stuart J. Birrell, Jane M.F. Johnson, Shannon L. Osborne, Thomas E. Schumacher, Gary E. Varvel, Richard B. Ferguson, Jeff M. Novak, James R. Frederick, John M. Baker, John A. Lamb, Paul R. Alder, Greg W. Roth, Emerson D. Nafziger Jan 2014

Multilocation Corn Stover Harvest Effects On Crop Yields And Nutrient Removal, Douglas L. Karlen, Stuart J. Birrell, Jane M.F. Johnson, Shannon L. Osborne, Thomas E. Schumacher, Gary E. Varvel, Richard B. Ferguson, Jeff M. Novak, James R. Frederick, John M. Baker, John A. Lamb, Paul R. Alder, Greg W. Roth, Emerson D. Nafziger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Corn (Zea mays L.) stover was identified as an important feedstock for cellulosic bioenergy production because of the extensive area upon which the crop is already grown. This report summarizes 239 site-years of field research examining effects of zero, moderate, and high stover removal rates at 36 sites in seven different states. Grain and stover yields from all sites as well as N, P, and K removal from 28 sites are summarized for nine longitude and six latitude bands, two tillage practices (conventional vs no tillage), two stoverharvest methods (machine vs calculated), and two crop rotations {continuous corn (maize) …

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Do Cover Crops Increase Or Decrease Nitrous Oxide Emissions? A Meta-Analysis, Andrea D. Basche, F. E. Miguez, T. C. Kaspar, M. J. Castellano Jan 2014

Do Cover Crops Increase Or Decrease Nitrous Oxide Emissions? A Meta-Analysis, Andrea D. Basche, F. E. Miguez, T. C. Kaspar, M. J. Castellano

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

There are many environmental benefits to incorporating cover crops into crop rotations, such as their potential to decrease soil erosion, reduce nitrate (NO3) leaching, and increase soil organic matter. Some of these benefits impact other agroecosystem processes, such as greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, there is not a consensus in the literature regarding the effect of cover crops on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Compared to site-specific studies, meta-analysis can provide a more general investigation into these effects. Twenty-six peer-reviewed articles including 106 observations of cover crop effects on N2O emissions from the soil surface …

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Challenges And Opportunities In Transdisciplinary Science: The Experience Of Next Generation Scientists In An Agriculture And Climate Research Collaboration, Andrea D. Basche, Gabrielle E. Roesch-Mcnally, Lindsay A. Pease, Christopher D. Eidson, Guy Bou Lahdou, Mike W. Dunbar, Trevor J. Frank, Laura Frescoln, Lei Gu, Ryan Nagelkirk, Jose Pantoja, Adam K. Wilke Jan 2014

Challenges And Opportunities In Transdisciplinary Science: The Experience Of Next Generation Scientists In An Agriculture And Climate Research Collaboration, Andrea D. Basche, Gabrielle E. Roesch-Mcnally, Lindsay A. Pease, Christopher D. Eidson, Guy Bou Lahdou, Mike W. Dunbar, Trevor J. Frank, Laura Frescoln, Lei Gu, Ryan Nagelkirk, Jose Pantoja, Adam K. Wilke

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Agriculture in the twenty-first century faces unprecedented challenges from increasing climate variability to growing demands on natural resources to globalizing economic markets. These emerging agricultural issues, spanning both human and natural dimensions, are uniquely formulated, exceedingly complex, and difficult to address within existing disciplinary domains (Eigenbrode et al. 2007; Reganold et al. 2011; Foley et al. 2005; Hansen et al. 2013). Therefore, the next generation of scientists working on these issues must not only be highly trained within a disciplinary context but must also have the capacity to collaborate with others to solve systems-level problems.

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The Carbon-Nitrogen Balance Of The Nodule And Its Regulation Under Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration, Marc Libault Jan 2014

The Carbon-Nitrogen Balance Of The Nodule And Its Regulation Under Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration, Marc Libault

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Legumes have developed a unique way to interact with bacteria: in addition to preventing infection from pathogenic bacteria like any other plant, legumes also developed a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with one gender of soil bacteria: rhizobium. This interaction leads to the development of a new root organ, the nodule, where the differentiated bacteria fix for the plant the atmospheric dinitrogen (atmN2). In exchange, the symbiont will benefit from a permanent source of carbon compounds, products of the photosynthesis. The substantial amounts of fixed carbon dioxide dedicated to the symbiont imposed to the plant a tight regulation of the …

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Corn (Zea Mays) Emergence And Early Growth As Influenced By Tansymustard (Descurainia Pinnata) Residue, Rodrigo Werle, Leonardo L. Perez, Lowell D. Sandell, John L. Lindquist Jan 2014

Corn (Zea Mays) Emergence And Early Growth As Influenced By Tansymustard (Descurainia Pinnata) Residue, Rodrigo Werle, Leonardo L. Perez, Lowell D. Sandell, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Farmers have observed reduced early growth of corn in the presence of tansymustard [Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt.], a winter annual weed of the Brassicaceae family. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tansymustard on corn (Zea mays L.) emergence and early growth. Treatments included corn growing in pots with only tansymustard root residue, with only tansymustard shoot residue, and with whole tansymustard plant residue (roots plus shoots); tansymustard plants treated with glyphosate 2 days after planting (DAP) corn seeds; and a control (no tansymustard residue). Corn emergence was recorded and biomass measured after 4 weeks of …

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Evaluation Of Soilless Media Sensors For Managing Winter-Time Greenhouse Strawberry Production Using A Capmat System, George E. Meyer, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Stacy A. Adams, Diego Scacalossi Voltan Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Soilless Media Sensors For Managing Winter-Time Greenhouse Strawberry Production Using A Capmat System, George E. Meyer, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Stacy A. Adams, Diego Scacalossi Voltan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

It is important for a greenhouse strawberry grower to know that their capillary mat (CapMat™) fertigation system is working correctly and that plants are receiving the correct amounts of water and fertilizer. Pots with soilless mix are not expected to hold more than 70% water on a volumetric basis. Pots with less than 40% water content continuously are not supplied enough water and nutrients to the plants. Typically, pots located near the manifold distribution system get a little more water than those at the other locations, but water use will really vary according to the factors listed above as well …

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2014 Virginia Wildflower Of The Year: Coral Honeysuckle, Lonicera Sempervirens, W. John Hayden Jan 2014

2014 Virginia Wildflower Of The Year: Coral Honeysuckle, Lonicera Sempervirens, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

The flashy red flowers of coral honeysuckle beckon hummingbirds to their sweet nectar. Coral honeysuckle is a twining woody vine, usually climbing on other vegetation but sometimes trailing along the ground; older stems have papery-brown exfoliating bark.

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Comparison Of Oak And Sugar Maple Distribution And Regeneration In Central Illinois Upland Oak Forests, Peter J. Frey Jan 2014

Comparison Of Oak And Sugar Maple Distribution And Regeneration In Central Illinois Upland Oak Forests, Peter J. Frey

Masters Theses

Although white oak (Quercus alba) dominated much of the mid-west and eastern US hardwood forests prior to European settlement, changes in disturbance frequencies and habitat fragmentation, coupled with other biotic pressures, are allowing sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall) to displace oak in the upland forest understory. Since our understanding of how disturbance mechanisms influence oak regeneration is not fully clear, there is lack of consensus on how to employ management practices. We collected seedling microhabitat data from 5 upland oak forest sites in central Illinois, each differing in age class and/or silvicultural treatment to determine: 1) Whether …

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Morphological And Ecological Investigations Of Species Of Bulrush (Scirpus) In Illinois, Julian G. Moore Jan 2014

Morphological And Ecological Investigations Of Species Of Bulrush (Scirpus) In Illinois, Julian G. Moore

Masters Theses

Two closely related species of bulrush, Scirpus atrovirens (Green bulrush) and Scirpus georgianus (Georgia bulrush), are widely distributed in Illinois. They are difficult to separate in the field, but readily distinguishable under magnification in the lab. These two species have been found in moist meadows, shallow marshes, edges of wet forests, and ditches. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and ecological distinctness of the species with the aim toward discovering and describing other features to distinguish them reliably. Eighty plants of Scirpus atrovirens and 80 of Scirpus georgianus were examined. Fifty S. atrovirens and 50 S. …

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The Role Of Mn-Sod And Fe-Sod Genes In The Response To Low Temperature In Chs Mutants Of Arabidopsis, Zahra Gharari, Ramazanali Khavari Nejad, Reza Shekaste Band, Farzane Najafi, Mohammad Nabiuni, Saeed Irian Jan 2014

The Role Of Mn-Sod And Fe-Sod Genes In The Response To Low Temperature In Chs Mutants Of Arabidopsis, Zahra Gharari, Ramazanali Khavari Nejad, Reza Shekaste Band, Farzane Najafi, Mohammad Nabiuni, Saeed Irian

Turkish Journal of Botany

To determine whether the expression of iron superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) increase superoxide-scavenging capacity, and thereby improve the survival rate of chilling sensitive (chs) mutants of Arabidopsis, 4 chs mutant (chs1-1, chs1-2, chs2-1, and chs2-2) and wild-type plants were grown under low (chilling, 13 °C; cold, 4 °C) and normal growth (23 °C) temperatures. Photosynthetic parameters were investigated following treatment with chilling, cold, and normal growth conditions. Chlorophyll content and maximum quantum efficiency of PSII primary photochemistry (Fv/Fm) were reduced in plants grown at chilling stress. The degree of chilling sensitivity of chs1 mutant plants was …

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Contributions To The Macrofungal Diversity Of Kilis Province, Mehmet Hali̇l Solak, Hakan Alli, Mustafa Işiloğlu, Hali̇l Güngör, Erbi̇l Kalmiş Jan 2014

Contributions To The Macrofungal Diversity Of Kilis Province, Mehmet Hali̇l Solak, Hakan Alli, Mustafa Işiloğlu, Hali̇l Güngör, Erbi̇l Kalmiş

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, an attempt has been made to determine macrofungal specimens collected from Kilis in 2006 and 2007. After field and laboratory studies, 47 taxa belonging to 17 families and 2 divisions were identified: 4 taxa belong to Ascomycota and 43 to Basidiomycota. Three of them, Inocybe taxocystis (J.Favre & E.Horak) Senn-Irlet, Russula laccata Huijsman, and Russula medullata Romagn., are new records for Turkey.

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Cytological Evidence For Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility In The Genus Veronica, Romain Scalone, Dirk Albach Jan 2014

Cytological Evidence For Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility In The Genus Veronica, Romain Scalone, Dirk Albach

Turkish Journal of Botany

The self-incompatibility (SI) of 3 Middle East Veronica species (V. filiformis, V. gentianoides, V. teucrium) is studied, for the first time, by pollination and pollen tube growth experiments. Cytological observations of the self-pollen tubes within the pistils permit a conclusion about the presence of a gametophytic SI system in the first 2 species. The investigated population of the third is self-compatible and confirms the facultative trait of its self-sterility. The presence of a gametophytic SI system in 2 of them suggests the putative conservation of this SI system within the genus Veronica (Plantaginaceae) and could be related to the well-known …

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Assessment Of Genetic Relationships Among Secale Taxa By Using Issr And Irap Markers And The Chromosomal Distribution Of The Aac Microsatellite Sequence, Magdalena Achrem, Anna Kalinka, Stanislawa Maria Rogalska Jan 2014

Assessment Of Genetic Relationships Among Secale Taxa By Using Issr And Irap Markers And The Chromosomal Distribution Of The Aac Microsatellite Sequence, Magdalena Achrem, Anna Kalinka, Stanislawa Maria Rogalska

Turkish Journal of Botany

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) techniques were used to investigate the genetic diversity among species of the genus Secale L. Chromosomal distribution of the AAC simple sequence repeat was examined by means of the fluorescent in situ hybridization technique. Comparative analysis revealed differences in the distribution of analyzed sequences in the genomes of Secale species. Using ISSR and IRAP data, a similarity matrix was constructed based on Dice’s coefficient, and the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean clustering was used to create dendrograms. Secale sylvestre Host and Secale strictum C.Presl were separated from a cluster consisting …

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Plasticity And Within Plant Sex-Ratio Variation In Monoecious Emex Spinosa, Regina Berjano, Montserrat Arista, María Talavera, María Jesús Ariza, Pedro Luis Ortiz Jan 2014

Plasticity And Within Plant Sex-Ratio Variation In Monoecious Emex Spinosa, Regina Berjano, Montserrat Arista, María Talavera, María Jesús Ariza, Pedro Luis Ortiz

Turkish Journal of Botany

Understanding how phenotype trait expression varies at different levels of biological organization is crucial to understanding the fundamental ecological, evolutionary, and developmental issues that contribute to adaptive plasticity. This is particularly important in plants because of their modular organization. Here, we study plasticity in flower production in response to light intensity at 3 levels of biological organization (between populations, among individuals, and within individuals) in Emex spinosa (L.) Compd., a Mediterranean amphicarpic annual. Plants exposed to high light intensity grew faster and produced more flowers than plants at low light intensity. Female flower production was the most labile trait. Within …

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Melatonin And Other Factors That Promote Rooting And Sprouting Of Shoot Cuttings In Punica Granatum Cv. Wonderful, Eirini Sarrou, Ioannis Therios, Kortessa Dimassi-Theriou Jan 2014

Melatonin And Other Factors That Promote Rooting And Sprouting Of Shoot Cuttings In Punica Granatum Cv. Wonderful, Eirini Sarrou, Ioannis Therios, Kortessa Dimassi-Theriou

Turkish Journal of Botany

The agricultural and medicinal plant pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. Wonderful) was studied to examine the effects of wounding of cuttings and to test the effects of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), gibberellic acid (GA_{3}), hydrogen peroxide (H_{2}O_{2}), melatonin (MEL), and ascorbic acid (ASC) on rooting of the shoot cuttings under mist. The data indicated that IBA had a positive influence on the rooting percentage in wounded and nonwounded cuttings. The best rooting was achieved with very thin cuttings (3-4 mm in diameter). The percentage of rooting (100.0 ± 0.0) and the number of roots per plant (15.2 ± …

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Protein Mobilisation And Proteolytic Activities In Root Tubers Of Asphodelus Aestivus, Serap Kirmizi, Gürcan Güleryüz, Hülya Arslan Jan 2014

Protein Mobilisation And Proteolytic Activities In Root Tubers Of Asphodelus Aestivus, Serap Kirmizi, Gürcan Güleryüz, Hülya Arslan

Turkish Journal of Botany

We studied protein mobilisation in Asphodelus aestivus Brot. (Liliaceae) during a 1-year period. The activities of 3 proteolytic enzymes, endopeptidase (EP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and carboxypeptidase (CP), together with soluble protein levels and total nitrogen and water content in root tubers were investigated. We found that protein mobilisation continued throughout the year. The highest levels of the 3 proteolytic enzymes were found in different months: LAP in December (1.19 ± 0.19 µmol pNA/g FW), CP in February (14.19 ± 1.13 µmol Leu/g FW), and EP in May (5.18 ± 0.12 U/h). Activities of LAP and CP generally reached their higher …

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Identification Of Stable Sources For Surrogate Traits In Arachis Glabrata And Marker-Trait Association For Tolerance To Water Deficit Stress, Sandip Kumar Bera, Ajay Basapur Chandrashekar, Sneha Patel, Vrajlal Kanji Sojitra, Anil Maurya Jan 2014

Identification Of Stable Sources For Surrogate Traits In Arachis Glabrata And Marker-Trait Association For Tolerance To Water Deficit Stress, Sandip Kumar Bera, Ajay Basapur Chandrashekar, Sneha Patel, Vrajlal Kanji Sojitra, Anil Maurya

Turkish Journal of Botany

Diploid and tetraploid wild relatives of cultivated peanut are genetically diverse, providing rich sources of genetic resources for tapping resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Arachis glabrata Benth. is a tetraploid (2n = 40) rhizomatous species that is reported to be tolerant to water deficit stress. Identification of A. glabrata accessions with high SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) and low specific leaf area (SLA) values would be an option for improving water deficit stress tolerance in peanut. An investigation was undertaken to study the genetic diversity of A. glabrata accessions using molecular markers as well as surrogate traits (SLA …

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Growth Response And Soil-Plant Water Relations Of 4 Dominant Psammophyte Species With Soil Moisture In Central Inner Mongolia, Yuanrun Zheng, Lianhe Jiang, Yong Gao, Xi Chen, Geping Luo, Xianwei Feng, Hideyuki Shimizu Jan 2014

Growth Response And Soil-Plant Water Relations Of 4 Dominant Psammophyte Species With Soil Moisture In Central Inner Mongolia, Yuanrun Zheng, Lianhe Jiang, Yong Gao, Xi Chen, Geping Luo, Xianwei Feng, Hideyuki Shimizu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Soil-plant water relations are crucial for understanding the mechanisms by which plants adapt to their environments. An experiment was conducted to understand the responses of 4 dominant psammophyte shrub species to different sandy environments. Pots were filled with tap water or sand, and pots planted with different species and filled with sand with and without pot covers were kept in 4 growth cabinets at 15/25 °C and with a water supply of 75 mm per month. Soil water content; dry weights of roots, shoots, and leaves; and leaf area were measured. The relative growth rate (0.039-0.042 g g^{-1} day^{-1}) was …

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Ecology And Allelopathic Control Of Brassica Tournefortii In Reclaimed Areas Of The Nile Delta, Egypt, Ahmed Mohamed Abd El-Gawad Jan 2014

Ecology And Allelopathic Control Of Brassica Tournefortii In Reclaimed Areas Of The Nile Delta, Egypt, Ahmed Mohamed Abd El-Gawad

Turkish Journal of Botany

Land reclamation causes weedy species to replace wild plant species. The present study characterizes the community of Brassica tournefortii Gouan in reclaimed areas of the Nile Delta of Egypt to determine its ecological amplitude, soil factors controlling its distribution, and its allelopathic control. The plant communities dominated by B. tournefortii were investigated in 60 sites. The importance value of each species based on cover and density was determined. Data were treated by multivariate analyses. Soils representing each community were analyzed. The allelopathic effects of Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist, Trianthema portulacastrum L., and Pulicaria undulata (L.) C.A.Mey. and their mixtures on …

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Chlorolepiota Brunneotincta: A New Species (Agaricaceae) From India, Narender Singh Atri, Babita Kumari, Ramesh Chandra Upadhyay Jan 2014

Chlorolepiota Brunneotincta: A New Species (Agaricaceae) From India, Narender Singh Atri, Babita Kumari, Ramesh Chandra Upadhyay

Turkish Journal of Botany

The genus Chlorolepiota Sathe & Deshpande is a monotypic genus represented by C. mahabaleshwerences Sathe & Deshpande. In this paper, a new species, Chlorolepiota brunneotincta, is described, based upon macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular studies undertaken on the collection from Solan Himachal Pradesh (India).

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Rechecking Of The Genus Scleroderma (Gasteromycetes) From Macedonia Using Barcoding Approach, Katerina Rusevska, Mitko Karadelev, Cherdchai Phosri, Margarita Dueñas, Roy Watling, María Paz Martín Jan 2014

Rechecking Of The Genus Scleroderma (Gasteromycetes) From Macedonia Using Barcoding Approach, Katerina Rusevska, Mitko Karadelev, Cherdchai Phosri, Margarita Dueñas, Roy Watling, María Paz Martín

Turkish Journal of Botany

In order to verify some doubtful collections of Scleroderma Pers. species from Macedonia, 54 specimens were revised using morphological and molecular analyses. The 12 internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS nrDNA) sequences obtained in this study were compared with previously published sequences included in public databases. According to the barcoding sequences, some Macedonian Scleroderma specimens were confirmed to belong to 4 species: S. areolatum Ehrenb., S. bovista Fr., S. meridionale Demoulin & Malençon, and S. verrucosum (Vaill.) Pers.

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