Agricultural Science Commons^™

Bulletin No. 315 - Biennial Report, 1942-1944

UAES Bulletins

The war years have made new demands on Station personnel and facilities. With fewer staff members and less adequate equipment the Station has not only carried on the regular project work, but the research program has been expanded, and numerous activities resulting from the emergency have been assumed.

The Station has taken a leading place in the victory food production program. Each year it has assumed the lead in a study of the wartime agricultural production capacity of the state and desirable crop and livestock adjustments studying all the agricultural assets and the ability to produce various crops.

As a …

Bulletin No. 314 - Gains Made By Cattle On Summer Range In Northern Utah, L. A. Stoddart

UAES Bulletins

The Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, in 1934, began experimental studies on the grazing of beef steers on mountainous summer range lands. Although the direct purpose of this work was to find whether supplementing phosphorus in the diet of grazing steers would increase their gains, many incidental observations proved of great interest. Among the most significant were the distribution and extent of weight gains through the summer grazing season and the effects of various factors such as weather upon the gains, causing them to vary greatly from year to year.

Bulletin No. 311 - Water-Application Efficiencies In Irrigation, Orson W. Israelsen, Wayne D. Criddle, Dean K. Fuhriman, Vaughn E. Hansen

UAES Bulletins

There is today an urgent need for information on how to distribute irrigation water uniformly over land surfaces. Land and water are no longer cheap. Prices of the better irrigated lands in Utah range from $200 to $400 or more per acre, whereas dry farm lands are worth less than $100. Water stock which formerly sold at $25 per share now costs $100, or more. Storage water in the newer reservoirs costs from $30 to $50 per acre-foot, an amount equivalent to $9,000 or more for a full water right to irrigate 100 acres. Because of these high costs of …

Bulletin No. 312 - Cache: A Beardless, Smut-Resistant Winter Wheat, R. W. Woodward, D. C. Tingey

UAES Bulletins

Resistance to dwarf smut is one of the major characteristics sought in the development of any new wheat variety for growing in the Western States. Before the development of resistant varieties, winter wheat losses in northern Utah and adjacent areas resulting from soil-borne dwarf smut were estimated to approach $500,000 annually.

In three principal locations, western Cache, Box Elder, and Juab Counties, Utah Kanred had for years been a good quality, hard red winter wheat variety of high producing ability, but susceptible to smut which in some years almost destroyed the crop. Losses from smut have been greatly reduced in …

Bulletin No. 310 - The Influence Of Cropping On The Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Organic Matter Of The Soil Under Irrigation Farming, J. E. Greaves, C. T. Hirst

UAES Bulletins

Most soils contain sufficient nutrients for normal plant growth, with the exception of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. These elements are used by plants in the largest quantities and the amounts of these in the soil govern its productivity. Soil organic matter is of prime importance for it is the matrix which holds the nitrogen and modifies the structure, temperature, and water-holding capacity of the soil. The organic matter is the very life of the soil, for it is in and on it that bacteria work and by so doing determine the kind and speed of reactions which occur. It is …

Bulletin No. 309 - An Economic Analysis Of The Milking Enterprise On Farms In The Ogden Area, Utah, 1937-39, George T. Blanch, Dee A. Broadbent

UAES Bulletins

The area included in this study is part of the better irrigated section of Utah. Although the soils are variable, that part used for arable agriculture is generally fair to good. The poorer soils are used largely for pastures which makes necessary a forage-consuming livestock enterprise in the farm organization. Dairy cattle is the type of livestock most common. Topography, climate, irrigation water supply, transportation, and markets all permit or favor a relatively intensive and successful cash-crop and dairy type of farming. The average farm is relatively small in area of cultivated land which also makes necessary intensive usage, high …

Bulletin No. 308 - A Farm Management Study Of Farms With Dairy Enterprises In The Ogden Area, Utah, 1937-39, George T. Blanch, Dee A. Broadbent

UAES Bulletins

Farmers in the irrigated sections of Utah are confronted by several difficult problems in the management of their farms. The farms are far distant from the consumption centers of the country which results in high freight rates and a need to produce concentrated products for market, and also in violent fluctuations in farm prices. The farms usually consist of relatively few crop acres which makes intensive usage necessary for an adequate sized business. Most farms also include a considerable acreage of land unsuited to tillage. The utilization of this land makes necessary the inclusion in the farm business of a …

The Degree Of Extramedial Response To Hybridity In The Growth Rates Of Plant And Ear In A Series Of Hybrids In Maize, Ernst C. Abbe, Kwei-Wu Wang

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Degree Of Extramedial Response To Hybridity In The Growth Of The Mesocotyl And Coleoptile In A Series Of Hybrids In Maize, Bernard Phinney, Ernst C. Abbe

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Structure And Growth Of The Mesocotyl In The Mutant Of Maize, Dwarf-1, Agnes Hansen, Ernst C. Abbe

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Bulletin No. 303 - Utilization Of Irrigable Land In The Reservation Area Of Uinta Basin, Utah, George T. Blanch, Clyde E. Stewart

UAES Bulletins

Several years ago the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station began a project entitled "Study of agricultural resources in Utah and their utilization." This project contemplates conducting detailed soils, irrigation water, range and economic studies in all areas of Utah. To date these studies have been made for a portion of the state including the Uinta Basin. However, in order that the information so obtained can be more effectively used for public and private programs of operation, there is a need to combine and correlate the basic data.

The primary objective of the study reported herewith is to bring together and analyze …

Bulletin No. 307 - Skin Folds In Sheep, Milton A. Madsen, Alma C. Esplin, Ralph W. Phillips

UAES Bulletins

Sheep vary greatly, even within breeds, in the number and size of folds in the skin. At one time producers were emphasizing the importance of having a large number of skin folds in fine wool sheep such as the Merino and Rambouillet. This was based on the belief that skin folds were associated with high yields of grease wool and fineness of wool fibers. In recent years the trend has been toward a smoother bodied sheep with longer staple and less grease in the fleece.

The objects of this bulletin are to present a review of the available information concerning …

Bulletin No. 305 - The Composition Of Sumer Range Plants In Utah, L. A. Stoddart, J. E. Greaves

UAES Bulletins

In Utah, a vast industry of livestock grazing, which is the backbone of the state's agriculture, has arisen during the past 75 years. Range land furnishes between 6 and 7 million animal unit months of forage to some 2 1/2 million sheep and 275 thousand range cattle. Income from meat, wool, and range livestock sales in Utah is about $15,801,500 annually, of which $11,700,000 is calculated to be obtained from range lands exclusive of cultivated pastures.

These range lands can be used economically in no other way than by grazing livestock and, because of heavy winter snows and protracted dry …

Bulletin No. 304 - Phosphate Reserves Of Utah, J. Stewart Williams, Alvin M. Hanson

UAES Bulletins

To supplement the work reported by the senior author in Bulletin 290 of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, the writers have visited the phosphate outcrops in Weber, Morgan and Salt Lake Counties, as well as those in the Park City District of Summit County and others west of Midway in Wasatch County. These areas were found to contain considerable phosphatic shale of 25 to 35 percent grade, but no rock of 40 percent grade, the minimum quality included in the estimates in Bulletin 290. However, the data recorded for the sections visited are valuable in showing the leanness of these …

Bulletin No. 302 - Nutritional Inadequacy Of Beet Molasses Rations For Swine, Russel A. Rasmussen, Harry H. Smith, Ralph W. Phillips, Ton J. Cunha

UAES Bulletins

The feeding of large amounts of beet molasses to young hogs causes a condition that is characterized by a wobbly gait, and that is frequently fatal. Hog raisers have apparently recognized this condition for a number of years, since a number of farmers have reported it in their animals. Some farmers have also reported breeding failures and abortions when beet molasses was fed to brood sows. Consequently, beet molasses has not been considered a good hog feed by Utah raisers.

Beet molasses is a relatively cheap source of carbohydrates and could be used advantageously in pork production if the cause …

Bulletin No. 301 - Economic Analysis Of The Weber Central Dairy Association, Walter U. Fuhriman, Harold H. Culter, W. Preston Thomas

UAES Bulletins

At the request of the dairymen in the Ogden milk shed the Department of Agricultural Economics, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, made an analysis of 162 dairy farms in the Ogden area for the years 1937, 1938 and 1939. The study covered the entire farm business and a detailed analysis of the dairy enterprise.

Since production of dairy products is closely associated with, and is affected by, the marketing institutions which provide outlets for these products, an analysis of marketing phases was made through a study of Weber Central Dairy Association , one of the larger dairies of the area . …

A Study Of Origins And Ecological Features Of Hardy, Cultivated, Herbaceous Plants Of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Dorothy Elaine Witheck

Bachelors’ Theses

Gardeners have always been interested in herbaceous plants, chiefly because of their beauty and usefulness. As a result of the great popularity, a large number of attractive varieties have been produced through centuries of' cultivation, selection and breeding. Very early agricultural and medical demands stimulated an interest in the plants, and as early as 372-287 B.C. Theophrastus, a pupil of Aristotle, described about 460 cultivated plants and classified them as herbs, undershrubs, shrubs and trees. Much of the work accomplished by the ancient Greeks was lost and it was not until the sixteenth century that renewed enthusiasm for the study …

Stem Blight Of Alfalfa In Utah: A Complex Of Two Distinct Diseases, William E. Rader

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In 1908, Sackett described for the first time what appeared to be a new bacterial disease of alfalfa in Colorado. To this particular disease he applied the name “stem blight" and attributed the cause to a bacterium, Pseudomonas medicaginis n. sp. For some two decades or more Sackett's work on this disease was accepted. During this time stem blight, which was first thought to be indigenous to the western United State, was reported from nine states east of the Rocky Mountains. In 1933, Johnson and Valleau described a disease of alfalfa, characterized by stem lesions very similar in appearance to …

Bulletin No. 306 - Report Of The Agricultural Experiment Station Utah State Agricultural College, Logan, R. H. Walker

UAES Bulletins

The agricultural experiment stations have contributed in a very material way to the progress of agriculture in the United States not only by the development of better crops and livestock and production practices, but, through basic research on the many and varied problems of agriculture, they have furnished an understanding of those principles upon which progress must depend.

The permanent value of these research centers to the progress of agriculture is no better illustrated than in the present emergency. The ability of farmers to meet the tremendous additional contributions to defense in the way of increased food supplies is dependent …

Bulletin No. 300 - A Study Of Farm Organization By Type Of Farm In Sanpete And Sevier Counties, W. Preston Thomas, George T. Blanch, Edith Hayball

UAES Bulletins

This study is one of a series being conducted by the Department of Agricultural Economics which are designed to furnish a general description and a detailed analysis of the type of farming in various parts of Utah. The specific purpose of the general state-wide study is to: (1) locate and delineate the major type-of-farming areas of the state; (2) analyze and describe the major and some minor types of farming within each area; and (3) indicate the fundamental reasons for the principal differences which exist within and among these type-of-farming areas.

Upon the completion of the first part of the …

Bulletin No. 298 - Wool Scouring Tests In Utah, Alma C. Esplin, Ralph W. Phillips, Milton A. Madsen

UAES Bulletins

Wool, as it is shorn from the sheep, is known as grease wool. The first step in the manufacturing of wool is scouring, or removal of all grease and foreign matter. Within any given grade, as determined by length of staple and fineness of fiber, the yield of clean wool is the primary factor in determining the value of the original grease wool. The price of scoured or clean wool is multiplied by the percentage yield of clean wool to determine the value of the grease wool.

Bulletin No. 299 - Control Of Chlorisis In American Grapes, F. B. Wann

UAES Bulletins

The production of grapes is not a major agricultural industry in Utah, but in some areas of the state the crop is an important adjunct to the general fruit farm. This is particularly true in Washington County where European (vinifera) varieties are grown with considerable success, and in the north central counties where American (labrusca) varieties, especially Concord, are grown for the local markets. In this latter area the nutritional disease, chlorosis, is probably the most serious difficulty encountered in the development of a successful vineyard.

Bulletin No. 297 - Pale Western Cutworm, C. J. Sorenson, H. F. Thornley

UAES Bulletins

THE PALE WESTERN CUTWORM ( Agrotis orthogonia Morr.) has caused periodic damage to dry-farm grains in Utah during the past 25 years. In the spring of 1916, entomologists of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station were asked to determine the cause of large bare spots occurring in fields of fall-planted wheat in the Indianola district of Sanpete County. A moderately severe infestation of pale western cutworm was found to be the causative agent. Pack reported that during the spring of 1929 this insect had inflicted serious damage to fall wheat at Fairview, Sanpete County.

Bulletin No. 296 - Uton: A New High-Yield White Oat Resistant To Loose And Covered Smuts, D. C. Tingey, R. W. Woodward, T. R. Stanton

UAES Bulletins

Oats have been among the five or six leading crops in acreage grown in Utah since its settlement. For many years Swedish Select has been by far the most predominant variety. This variety is well adapted to Utah conditions, but because of its high susceptibility to loose and covered smut, it is not the most desirable.

In 1934, after extensive trials, the variety, Markton, which is resistant to loose and covered smuts, was introduced into the state to replace Swedish Select. In those trials, Markton averaged 13 percent higher in acre yield than Swedish Select. Markton possessed one drawback in …

Bulletin No. 295 - Comparison Of Two Methods Of Determining Wool Density, Milton A. Madsen, Ralph W. Phillips, John V. Christensen, Roy L. Henrie

UAES Bulletins

Density of the fleece is one of the primary factors determining the wool-producing capacity of the sheep. Sheepmen have attempted to evaluate density by handling the fleece. This method is not sufficiently refined for use in experimental work, and may be subject to errors and misinterpretations. For example, if two fleeces are alike in density and diameter of fibers, yet differ in length, the longer fleece will feel less dense. If, on this basis, the sheep with the fleece that appeared most dense were selected for breeding, selection would be away from the longer fleece. Any method that can be …

Bulletin No. 294 - Research Aids Utah Agriculture: Biennial Report Utah Agriculture Experiment Station 1938 - 1940, R. H. Walker

UAES Bulletins

The foundation of progress in agriculture as in any other industry is research. Research has resulted in knowledge now daily applied in soil treatment, in irrigation practices, in dealing with insect pests, in breeding new varieties of plants, in animal improvement, in better farm practices, and in better land-use planning. Research undertaken by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station has been outlined to solve specific problems facing Utah agriculture, among them the problems of irrigation, dry farming, range management and animal production. The prosperity of the state is dependent upon the success of these agricultural enterprises. Agricultural research should not, therefore, …

Bulletin No. 293 - Velvon: A New Smooth-Awned Barley, R. W. Woodward, D. C. Tingey

UAES Bulletins

Velvon, a new barley variety with smooth awns, with relatively stiff straw, and with a high degree of resistance to covered smut was developed at the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station through the cooperative efforts of the Station and the Division of Cereal Crops and Diseases, Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Department of Agriculture. This new variety resulted as a hybrid strain from a cross made in 1930 for the purpose of improving straw strength and the texture of awns.

Bulletin No. 292 - Effects Of Feeding Ewe Lambs During Their First Winter, Alma C. Esplin, Milton A. Madsen, Ralph W. Phillips

UAES Bulletins

It has been observed that many ewes in Utah are somewhat under size when eighteen months old, the usual age for first breeding. It is a common experience for these ewes to produce much smaller lamb and wool crops than the older ewes.

Bulletin No. 291 - Range Resources Of Rich County, Utah, L. A. Stoddart

UAES Bulletins

In 1936 the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station organized project 179 entitled "A study of agricultural resources of Utah and their utilization." The project was divided into four sub-projects, A dealing with agricultural economics, B dealing with soil resources, C dealing with irrigational water resources, and D dealing with range resources.

Sub-project D, entitled "Range resources and condition of vegetation cover," was begun in 1936 with a survey of Duchesne and Uintah Counties, and the findings were published as Utah Station Bulletin No. 283, "Range conditions in Uinta Basin, Utah." The field season of 1937 was devoted to Wasatch County, and …

Shrubs For Wildlife On Farms In The Southeast, Verne E. Davison

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

On many farms in the Southeast patches of briars and small scrubby growth have been allowed to grow up in pastures, fields, and meadows, where they interfere with good farming. Shrubs have therefore come to be thought of all too often as plants that should be destroyed. The areas they occupy are shrubbed out and burned in an attempt to combat insects and to present an appearance of clean farming. This treatment destroys ground cover and hastens erosion. It deprives wildlife of food and shelter. It reduces the number of beneficial insects but does not exterminate the noxious kinds.

Shrubbing …