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Articles 1021 - 1050 of 1180

Full-Text Articles in Pharmacology

An Ultra-Rapid Drug Screening Method For Acetaminophen In Blood Serum Based On Probe Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, K. Usui, H. Kobayashi, Y. Fujita, E. Kubota, T. Hanazawa, T. Yoshizawa, Y. Kamijo, M. Funayama Jul 2020

An Ultra-Rapid Drug Screening Method For Acetaminophen In Blood Serum Based On Probe Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, K. Usui, H. Kobayashi, Y. Fujita, E. Kubota, T. Hanazawa, T. Yoshizawa, Y. Kamijo, M. Funayama

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Poisoning incidents caused by drugs, accidental ingestion of poisons, attempted suicide, homicide, and exposure to toxic compounds occur frequently every year across the globe. This raises the need to rapidly identify toxic agents in poisoned patients in a clinical emergency setting. In addition, determining drug/poison concentration is undoubtedly necessary to arrive at a toxicological treatment plan. The purpose of this study was to develop an ultra-rapid drug screening method for the clinical treatment of poisoning. Probe electrospray ionization (PESI), one of the ambient ionization techniques, is able to detect compounds from various biological materials almost directly. We applied the PESI …

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Simultaneous Quantification Of Six Indicator Compounds In Wen-Qing-Yin By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection, C.-C. Yeh, S.-S. Huang, P.-Y. Liu, B.-C. Wang, C.-F. Tsai, D.-Y. Wang, H.-F. Cheng Jul 2020

Simultaneous Quantification Of Six Indicator Compounds In Wen-Qing-Yin By High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection, C.-C. Yeh, S.-S. Huang, P.-Y. Liu, B.-C. Wang, C.-F. Tsai, D.-Y. Wang, H.-F. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple gradient high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method was used to simultaneously to analyze characteristics of six indicator compounds in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation Wen-Qing-Yin (WQY). Separate optimization was performed using a Cosmosil C18 column gradient method with 0.1% formic acid in both mobile phases of aqueous and acetonitrile (ACN), at a flow rate, detection wavelength, and sample volume of 1.8 mL/min, 268 nm, and 10 μL, respectively. The linear regression of six active compounds berberine (BER), baicalin (BAI), ferulic acid (FER), geniposide (GEN), hydorxymethoxylfurfural (HMF), and paeoniflorin (PAE) was produced at the concentration …

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Potential Prebiotics And Their Transmission Mechanisms: Recent Approaches, I. Khangwal, P. Shukla Jul 2020

Potential Prebiotics And Their Transmission Mechanisms: Recent Approaches, I. Khangwal, P. Shukla

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates which can be used as prime source of energy for gut microflora. These can be naturally occurring in fruit and vegetables or can be made synthetically by enzymatic digestions. New versatile sources of prebiotics had been found nowadays for economic commercialization. This review will decipher on highlighting the importance of prebiotics in immunomodulation and nutrient absorption abilities of gut, as it is important for the anti-effective capacity of the organism especially in the neonatal period. Moreover, new prebiotics transmission strategies with higher penetrating capacity such as microencapsulation and immobilization have been discussed. In addition to this, …

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Multi-Residue Analysis Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry For Detection Of 20 Coccidiostats In Poultry, Livestock, And Aquatic Tissues, S.-H. Chang, Y.-H. Lai, C.-N. Huang, G.-J. Peng, C.-D. Liao, Y.-M. Kao, S.-H. Tseng, D.-Y. Wang Jul 2020

Multi-Residue Analysis Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry For Detection Of 20 Coccidiostats In Poultry, Livestock, And Aquatic Tissues, S.-H. Chang, Y.-H. Lai, C.-N. Huang, G.-J. Peng, C.-D. Liao, Y.-M. Kao, S.-H. Tseng, D.-Y. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, we developed a novel analysis method based on liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to allow the simultaneous identification of 20 coccidiostats in eight matrix categories, including the muscles of chicken, swine, cow, and fish as well as chicken eggs, bovine milk, and porcine viscera. In the pretreatment procedure, acetonitrile/methanol (95:5, v/v) containing 1% formic acid, 5 g of sodium acetate, and 6.0 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate was used for extraction, followed by a clean-up procedure using n-hexane saturated with ACN to facilitate the elimination of analytes from high lipid samples. Chromatographic separations were achieved using a …

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Determination Of Phenylenediamines In Hair Colors Derivatizated With 5-(4, 6-Dichlorotriazinyl)Aminofluorescein Via Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography, H.-Y. Ko, Y.-H. Lin, C.-J. Shih, Y.-L. Chen Jul 2020

Determination Of Phenylenediamines In Hair Colors Derivatizated With 5-(4, 6-Dichlorotriazinyl)Aminofluorescein Via Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography, H.-Y. Ko, Y.-H. Lin, C.-J. Shih, Y.-L. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Phenylenediamines (PDs), which are reported to cause allergic dermatitis and possess genotoxicity and carcinogenicity, are the ingredients used in permanent hair dyes. The fluorescent derivatization strategy coupled with micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) were established to analyze four PDs, including o-phenylenediamine (OPD), m-phenylenediamine (MPD), p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and toluene-2,5-diamine (PTD). Additionally, 5-(4, 6-dichlorotriazinyl) aminofluorescein (DTAF) was used as a fluorescent reagent derived at amino groups of PDs and underwent nucleophilic substitution reaction to improve the detection sensitivity. The derivatization condition reacted at 90 °C for 10 min in alkaline conditions. The optimized separation conditions were 20 mM borate (pH 8.0) containing 10 …

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Proanthocyanidins From The Stem Bark Of Rhus Tripartita Ameliorate Methylgloxal-Induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis, A.S. Alqahtani, W.M. Abdel-Mageed, A.A. Shahat, M.K. Parvez, M.S. Al-Dosari, A. Malik, M.S. Abdel-Kader, M.S. Alsaid Jul 2020

Proanthocyanidins From The Stem Bark Of Rhus Tripartita Ameliorate Methylgloxal-Induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis, A.S. Alqahtani, W.M. Abdel-Mageed, A.A. Shahat, M.K. Parvez, M.S. Al-Dosari, A. Malik, M.S. Abdel-Kader, M.S. Alsaid

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In traditional Arabian medicine, the Rhus tripartita plant (family Anacardiaceae) has been used to treat inflammatory conditions. Although Rhus extracts have been reported for their cardioprotective effects, information regarding their active principle compounds remains insufficient. The present investigation was aimed at determining the antioxidant chemical constituents of the methanolic extract of R. tripartita stem bark and evaluating their ability to ameliorate methylglyoxal-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. Ten flavonoid compounds (1–10) were isolated and identified using DPPH radical scavenging bioassay-guided chromatographic separation. A new proanthocyanidin (rhuspartin) (1) was isolated and identified as 3,5,13,14-flavantetrol-(4β→8)-catechin, using extensive spectroscopic data and high resolution-mass spectrometry. Among …

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Determination Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Cosmetic Products By Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, S.-W. Wang, K.-H. Hsu, S.-C. Huang, S.-H. Tseng, D.-Y. Wang, H.-F. Cheng Jul 2020

Determination Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Cosmetic Products By Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, S.-W. Wang, K.-H. Hsu, S.-C. Huang, S.-H. Tseng, D.-Y. Wang, H.-F. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method is developed to determine 18 representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cosmetics, including Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and others. The method offers high sensitivity and selectivity under selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode to satisfy the requirements of both quantitation and qualitation. The extraction solvent system used in this study is acetone/hexane 1:1 (v/v) and other purification procedure is unnecessary. The linearities of 18 PAHs are validated in different concentration in the range of 0.25–20 ng/mL individually with coefficient correlation (r) higher than 0.996. The recoveries for spiking 3 different concentrations are from …

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Comparative Quality Of The Forms Of Decoction Pieces Evaluated By Multidimensional Chemical Analysis And Chemometrics: Poria Cocos, A Pilot Study, L.-X. Zhu, J. Xu, Y. Wu, L.-F. Su, Lam K.Y. Ching, E.R. Qi, X.-P. Dong, H.-B. Chen, Y.-D. Liu, Z.-Z. Zhao Jul 2020

Comparative Quality Of The Forms Of Decoction Pieces Evaluated By Multidimensional Chemical Analysis And Chemometrics: Poria Cocos, A Pilot Study, L.-X. Zhu, J. Xu, Y. Wu, L.-F. Su, Lam K.Y. Ching, E.R. Qi, X.-P. Dong, H.-B. Chen, Y.-D. Liu, Z.-Z. Zhao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Many Chinese medicinal materials (CMMs) are parts of plants or fungi that have been processed into different physical forms, termed decoction pieces, that are typically boiled in water for consumption. One CMM may have several decoction pieces forms, e.g., slices, small cubes (dice), or grains. The specifications that have different morphological parameters (shape, size and thickness) for these various decoction pieces have been developed over, in some cases, centuries of practice. Nevertheless, whether and how the form of decoction pieces affects the extraction (decoction) dynamics, and quality stability during storage has not been studied. Here, we investigated Poria cocos (PC) …

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Design, Synthesis And Evaluation Of Dna Nanocubes As A Core Material Protected By The Alginate Coating For Oral Administration Of Anti-Diabetic Drug, M.M.F.A. Baig, M. Abbas, M. Naveed, S.A. Kassim, G.J. Khan, M. Sohail, S. Ullah, M. Hasnat, K. Shah, M.T. Ansari Jul 2020

Design, Synthesis And Evaluation Of Dna Nanocubes As A Core Material Protected By The Alginate Coating For Oral Administration Of Anti-Diabetic Drug, M.M.F.A. Baig, M. Abbas, M. Naveed, S.A. Kassim, G.J. Khan, M. Sohail, S. Ullah, M. Hasnat, K. Shah, M.T. Ansari

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Poor control towards glycemic levels among diabetic patients may lead to severe micro/macro-vascular and neuropathic complexities. Proper functioning of alpha-beta cells of pancreases is required to attain long term glycemic control among type 2 diabetics. The recent developments to manage diabetes are focused on controlling the insulin-glucagon secretions from the pancreases. DPP-4 inhibitors class of drugs after elevating GLP-1/GIP (incretins) levels in the blood, not only raise the insulin levels but also suppress the glucagon level. Vildagliptin (VI) is a potent DPP-4 inhibitor with least adverse events compared to other DPP-4 inhibitors. We encapsulated VI into 3D nanocube that gets …

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A Sensitive Hplc-Fld Method Combined With Multivariate Analysis For The Determination Of Amino Acids In L-Citrulline Rich Vegetables, K.A. Corleto, J. Singh, G.K. Jayaprakasha, B.S. Patil Jul 2020

A Sensitive Hplc-Fld Method Combined With Multivariate Analysis For The Determination Of Amino Acids In L-Citrulline Rich Vegetables, K.A. Corleto, J. Singh, G.K. Jayaprakasha, B.S. Patil

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The proposed analytical method reports the separation and quantification of 21 amino acids including l-citrulline from fresh vegetables and commercial juices using a C8 column. Optimal separation conditions for amino acids analysis were obtained with 20 mM sodium acetate (solvent A) and water with organic modifier acetonitrile and methanol (solvent B; 18/50/32 V/V). The ideal pH and column temperature were found to be 5.40 and 35 °C, respectively. The LOD and LOQ values were obtained in the range of 0.02–0.19 ng/mL and 0.04–0.39 ng/mL for all amino acids respectively. Relative standard deviations (RSD) of intraday and interday analysis were found …

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The Biosimilar Pathway In The Usa: An Analysis Of The Innovator Company And Biosimilar Company Perspectives And Beyond, L.-C. Chang Jul 2020

The Biosimilar Pathway In The Usa: An Analysis Of The Innovator Company And Biosimilar Company Perspectives And Beyond, L.-C. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In order to improve access to costly biological treatments, a biosimilar pathway in the United States of America (USA) was enacted under the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCI Act) of 2009. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the health policy, the establishment of the biosimilar pathway, influenced related companies by studying their respective perspectives and strategies revealed in literatures and publicly available resources. Perspectives of companies reveal the points of concern for the biosimilar pathway, such as data requirements, patents, interchangeability, naming, and exclusivity. Innovator companies may utilize expedited programs for serious conditions, enhance …

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Effects Of Heat Treatment Of Mandarin Peel On Flavonoid Profiles And Lipid Accumulation In 3t3-L1 Adipocytes, J. Sung, J.H. Suh, Y. Wang Jul 2020

Effects Of Heat Treatment Of Mandarin Peel On Flavonoid Profiles And Lipid Accumulation In 3t3-L1 Adipocytes, J. Sung, J.H. Suh, Y. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Citrus peel, a primary byproduct of citrus fruits, contains a variety of flavonoids. Heat treatment is a favorable food processing for solid peel to release bioactive compounds from tissues and intensify nutritional effects. In this study, we explored alterations of flavonoids by thermal treatment of mandarin peel and their effects on lipid accumulation and intracellular levels during differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells to adipocytes. The heat-treated sample showed stronger inhibition on the formation of lipid droplets than the non-treated sample, along with enhanced intracellular levels of flavonoids. Overall flavonoids, especially flavonoid aglycones showing better efficacy, were found to increase in the …

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Systematically Characterize The Substance Basis Of Jinzhen Oral Liquid And Their Pharmacological Mechanism Using Uplc-Q-Tof/Ms Combined With Network Pharmacology Analysis, J.-Y. Guo, D.-M. Wang, M.-J. Wang, J. Zhou, Y.-N. Pan, Z.-Z. Wang, W. Xiao, X.-Q. Liu Jul 2020

Systematically Characterize The Substance Basis Of Jinzhen Oral Liquid And Their Pharmacological Mechanism Using Uplc-Q-Tof/Ms Combined With Network Pharmacology Analysis, J.-Y. Guo, D.-M. Wang, M.-J. Wang, J. Zhou, Y.-N. Pan, Z.-Z. Wang, W. Xiao, X.-Q. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Jinzhen oral liquid (JZ) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula used for the treatment of children lung disease. However, the effective substance of JZ is still unclear. In this study, we used lung injury rat model to study the protective effect of JZ, through UPLC-Q-TOF/MS detection coupled with metabolic research and network pharmacology analysis. Fortunately, 31 absorbed prototype constituents and 41 metabolites were identified or tentatively characterized based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis, and the possible metabolic pathways were hydroxylation, sulfation and glucuronidation. We optimized the data screening in the early stage of network pharmacology by collecting targets based on adsorbed …

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Estimation Of Nizatidine Gastric Nitrosatability And Product Toxicity Via An Integrated Approach Combining Hilic, In Silico Toxicology, And Molecular Docking, R. El-Shaheny, M. Radwan, K. Yamada, M. El-Maghrabey Jul 2020

Estimation Of Nizatidine Gastric Nitrosatability And Product Toxicity Via An Integrated Approach Combining Hilic, In Silico Toxicology, And Molecular Docking, R. El-Shaheny, M. Radwan, K. Yamada, M. El-Maghrabey

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The liability of the H2-receptor antagonist nizatidine (NZ) to nitrosation in simulated gastric juice (SGJ) and under WHO-suggested conditions was investigated for the first time. For monitoring the nitrosatability of NZ, a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) method was optimized and validated according to FDA guidance. A Cosmosil HILIC® column and a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile: 0.04 M acetate buffer pH 6.0 (92:8, v/v) were used for the separation of NZ and its N-nitroso derivative (NZ-NO) within 6 min with LODs of 0.02 and 0.1 μg/mL, respectively. NZ was found highly susceptible to nitrosation in SGJ reaching 100% nitrosation …

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Simultaneous Determination Of Cardiovascular Drugs In Dried Blood Spot By Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, H.M. Kim, J.-H. Park, N.P. Long, D.-D. Kim, S.W. Kwon Jul 2020

Simultaneous Determination Of Cardiovascular Drugs In Dried Blood Spot By Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, H.M. Kim, J.-H. Park, N.P. Long, D.-D. Kim, S.W. Kwon

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A dried blood spot (DBS) sampling method was exploited to extract cardiovascular drugs using a small volume of whole blood of human and rodent. Thereafter, an analytical method using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the determination of 12 cardiovascular drugs. A 6 mm internal diameter disc containing 10 μL of blood was punched from a specifically designed card and analyzed by LC-MS/MS using a gradient elution method with a total run time of 16 min. For sample separation, a universal octadecyl-silica column was used with a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The developed …

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Chemical Investigation Of Hyptis Suaveolens Seed, A Potential Antihyperuricemic Nutraceutical, With Assistance Of Hplc-Spe-Nmr, F.-C. Hsu, S.-F. Tsai, S.-S. Lee Jul 2020

Chemical Investigation Of Hyptis Suaveolens Seed, A Potential Antihyperuricemic Nutraceutical, With Assistance Of Hplc-Spe-Nmr, F.-C. Hsu, S.-F. Tsai, S.-S. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The seed of Hyptis suaveolens, commonly known as wild flour ball (san fen yuan) in Taiwan, serves as a main refreshing drink substance in several regions. This study investigated firstly its secondary metabolites, leading to the isolation of five major caffeoylquinic acid derivatives (1–5) from the ethanol extract. In addition, ten minors, including three caffeoylquinic acid derivatives (12–14), were characterized via assistance of HPLC-SPE-NMR. Of these isolates, sodium 4,5-dicaffeoylquinate (2) and methyl 3,5-dicaffeoylquinate (4) showed moderate inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase with the respective IC50 values of 69.4 μM and 92.1 μM (c.f. allopurinol IC50 28.4 μM). Quantitative HPLC analysis …

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Quercetin Facilitates Cell Death And Chemosensitivity Through Rage/Pi3k/Akt/Mtor Axis In Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells, C.-Y. Lan, S.-Y. Chen, C.-W. Kuo, C.-C. Lu, G.-C. Yen Jul 2020

Quercetin Facilitates Cell Death And Chemosensitivity Through Rage/Pi3k/Akt/Mtor Axis In Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells, C.-Y. Lan, S.-Y. Chen, C.-W. Kuo, C.-C. Lu, G.-C. Yen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The triggering of gemcitabine (GEM) drug resistance in pancreatic cancer by the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has been demonstrated. Hence, finding a safe and effective adjuvant for preventing pancreatic cancer progression is imperative. Quercetin is a flavonoid that is abundant in apples, grapes, red raspberry, and onions and has been reported to inhibit RAGE. This research aimed to investigate the mechanisms of quercetin in regulating cell death and enhancing drug effects through RAGE reduction, especially in GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer cells. Our results showed that silencing RAGE expression by RAGE-specific siRNA transfection significantly increased cell death by apoptosis, …

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A Low Cost Smart System To Analyze Different Types Of Edible Bird's Nest Adulteration Based On Colorimetric Sensor Array, X. Huang, Z. Li, X. Zou, J. Shi, Tahir H. Elrasheid, Y. Xu, X. Zhai, X. Hu Jul 2020

A Low Cost Smart System To Analyze Different Types Of Edible Bird's Nest Adulteration Based On Colorimetric Sensor Array, X. Huang, Z. Li, X. Zou, J. Shi, Tahir H. Elrasheid, Y. Xu, X. Zhai, X. Hu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study was performed to develop a low-cost smart system for identification and quantification of adulterated edible bird's nest (EBN). The smart system was constructed with a colorimetric sensor array (CSA), a smartphone and a multi-layered network model. The CSA were used to collect the odor character of EBN and the response signals of CSA were captured by the smartphone systems. The principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HAC) were used to inquiry the similarity among authentic and adulterated EBNs. The multi-layered network model was constructed to analyze EBN adulteration. In this model, discrimination of authentic EBN and …

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Impact Of Dietary Ingredients On The Interpretation Of Various Fecal Parameters In Rats Fed Inulin, H.-J. Chen, F.-J. Dai, C.-R. Chang, Y.-Q. Lau, B.-S. Chew, C.-F. Chau Jul 2020

Impact Of Dietary Ingredients On The Interpretation Of Various Fecal Parameters In Rats Fed Inulin, H.-J. Chen, F.-J. Dai, C.-R. Chang, Y.-Q. Lau, B.-S. Chew, C.-F. Chau

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the present study, the influences of diets (i.e. chow and AIN-93 diets) on the interpretation of various fecal parameters including viable microbiota, moisture, weight, and short-chain fatty acids in rats fed different amounts of inulin (0.5–2 g/kg). Eight groups of rats (n = 8/group) were fed, for 4 weeks, chow or AIN-93 diets with or without inulin supplementation. Fecal samples were analyzed for different fecal parameters. After a 2-week adaptation, apparent differences in some fecal parameters were observed between the chow and AIN-93 diet groups. Throughout the 4-week intervention period, significantly (p < 0.05) higher Lactobacillus spp. counts, fecal moisture (∼2.7-fold), and fecal weight (∼5.8-fold) were observed with chow diet over AIN-93 diet. More specifically, significant elevations in the levels of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., fecal moisture, and fecal weight could be observed at low-dose (0.5 g/kg) of inulin in chow diet groups, while most of these changes could merely be seen at medium-dose (1 g/kg) in AIN-93 diet groups. These results demonstrated that the choice of experimental diets would affect the comparison of fecal parameters as well as the interpretation of effective dosage of prebiotic in intestinal health assessments. © 2019

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Efficient Identification Of Fungal Antimicrobial Principles By Tandem Ms And Nmr Database, M.-S. Lee, Y.-L. Yang, C.-Y. Wu, Y.-L. Chen, C.-K. Lee, S.-S. Tzean, T.-H. Lee Jul 2020

Efficient Identification Of Fungal Antimicrobial Principles By Tandem Ms And Nmr Database, M.-S. Lee, Y.-L. Yang, C.-Y. Wu, Y.-L. Chen, C.-K. Lee, S.-S. Tzean, T.-H. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The continuous re-isolation of the known and non-applicable compounds that is time-consuming and wasting resources is still a critical problem in the discovery of bioactive entities from natural resources. To efficiently address the problem, high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-microfractionation (HPLC-DAD-microfractionation) guided by disk agar diffusion assay was developed, and the active compounds were further identified using the tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based molecular networking. Of 150 fungal strains screened, the methanolic extracts of Phoma herbarum PPM7487, Cryptosporiopsis ericae PPM7405, and Albifimbria verrucaria PPM945 exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 and Cryptococcus neoformans H99 in the preliminary agar diffusion …

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Viola Cornuta And Viola X Wittrockiana: Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant And Neuroprotective Activities On Caenorhabditis Elegans, C. Moliner, L. Barros, M.I. Dias, I. Reigada, I.C.F.R. Ferreira, V. López, E. Langa, C.G. Rincón Jul 2020

Viola Cornuta And Viola X Wittrockiana: Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant And Neuroprotective Activities On Caenorhabditis Elegans, C. Moliner, L. Barros, M.I. Dias, I. Reigada, I.C.F.R. Ferreira, V. López, E. Langa, C.G. Rincón

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Different Viola species are known for their traditional use as analgesic, antitussive, febrifuge, hipnotic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicinal agents. Additionally, they are considered edible flowers in certain cultures. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize the phenolic composition and to assess the neuroprotective properties of Viola cornuta and Viola x wittrockiana using in vitro and in vivo methodologies with Caenorhabditis elegans as model. The identification of the phenolic compounds was carried out with a LC-DAD-ESI/MSn. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined in vitro using Folin- Ciocalteu, DPPH and FRAP assays and in vivo with a juglone-induced …

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Distribution Of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Among Staphylococcus Species Isolated From Ready-To-Eat Foods, Y.-T. Wang, Y.-T. Lin, T.-W. Wan, D.-Y. Wang, H.-Y. Lin, C.-Y. Lin, Y.-C. Chen, L.-J. Teng Jul 2020

Distribution Of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Among Staphylococcus Species Isolated From Ready-To-Eat Foods, Y.-T. Wang, Y.-T. Lin, T.-W. Wan, D.-Y. Wang, H.-Y. Lin, C.-Y. Lin, Y.-C. Chen, L.-J. Teng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

We investigated antibiotic resistance of staphylococci isolated from 1128 samples of high-circulating RTE foods in Taiwan. A total of 111 Staphylococcus aureus and 709 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) comprising 23 species were isolated. The prevalence of S. aureus differed in various category of RTE foods, highest in fresh-cut fruits/vegetables (20.5%) and lowest in low-water activity (LWA) foods (0.7%). The overall staphylococcal contamination was highest in fresh-cut fruits/vegetables (62.2%), in which multiple isolates (up to 10) or species (up to 6) in single sample were frequently found. Distinct distribution of species contributed to unique feature in each category. Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant S. …

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Analysis Of Potential Anti-Aging Beverage Pru, A Traditional Cuban Refreshment, By Desorption Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry And Fticr Tandem Mass Spectrometry, M.A. Mamun, T.V. Gonzalez, A. Islam, T. Sato, S. Sato, T.K. Ito, M. Horikawa, F. Yamazaki, R.C. Alarcon, T. Ido, M. Setou Jul 2020

Analysis Of Potential Anti-Aging Beverage Pru, A Traditional Cuban Refreshment, By Desorption Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry And Fticr Tandem Mass Spectrometry, M.A. Mamun, T.V. Gonzalez, A. Islam, T. Sato, S. Sato, T.K. Ito, M. Horikawa, F. Yamazaki, R.C. Alarcon, T. Ido, M. Setou

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Aging has been established as a major risk factor for prevalent diseases and hence, the development of anti-aging medicines is of great importance. Recently, herbal fermented beverages have emerged as a promising source of potential anti-aging drug. Pru, a traditional Cuban refreshment produced by decoction and fermentation of multispecies plants with sugar, has been consumed for many years and is claimed to have multiple medicinal properties. Besides the traditional method, Pru is also manufactured industrially. The present study analyzed the major components of both traditional Pru (TP) and industrial Pru (IP) to reveal their potential application in promoting the health …

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Carboxymethyl Chitosan Perturbs Inflammation Profile And Colonic Microbiota Balance In Mice, Yuting Liu, Shuai Zong, Jinglei Li Jun 2020

Carboxymethyl Chitosan Perturbs Inflammation Profile And Colonic Microbiota Balance In Mice, Yuting Liu, Shuai Zong, Jinglei Li

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Mogrosides are the major triterpenoidal saponins found in swingle, the fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii, which have recently been widely used throughout the world as natural food sweeteners. Among this class of compounds, mogroside III E (MG III E) exhibits the most intense sweetness, and it was also found to effectively regulate blood glucose levels. However, the relative abundance of naturally occurring MG III E is low compared to other mogrosides. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to enrich MG III E through biotransformation of fruit extracts and to develop a reliable method for its purification. We used HPLC coupled …

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Involvement Of Prohibitin 1 And Prohibitin 2 Upregulation In Cbsa-Induced Podocyte Cytotoxicity, Heng-Hsiung Wu, Chao-Jung Chen, Pei-Yu Lin, Yu-Huei Liu Jun 2020

Involvement Of Prohibitin 1 And Prohibitin 2 Upregulation In Cbsa-Induced Podocyte Cytotoxicity, Heng-Hsiung Wu, Chao-Jung Chen, Pei-Yu Lin, Yu-Huei Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyper-phosphorylated tau accumulation are accountable for the progressive neuronal loss and cognitive impairments usually observed in AD. Currently, medications for AD offer moderate symptomatic relief but fail to cure the disease; hence development of effective and safe drugs is urgently needed for AD treatment. In this study, we investigated a Chinese medicine (CM) formulation named NeuroDefend (ND), for reducing amyloid β (Aβ) and tau pathology in transgenic AD mice models. Regular oral administration of ND improved cognitive function and memory in 3XTg-AD and 5XFAD mice. In addition, …

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Quantitation Of Dna Reactive Pyrrolic Metabolites Of Senecionine – A Carcinogenic Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid By Lc/Ms/Ms Analysis, Qingsu Xia, Xiaobo He, Qiang Shi, Ge Lin, Peter P. Fu Jun 2020

Quantitation Of Dna Reactive Pyrrolic Metabolites Of Senecionine – A Carcinogenic Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid By Lc/Ms/Ms Analysis, Qingsu Xia, Xiaobo He, Qiang Shi, Ge Lin, Peter P. Fu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

High hydrostatic pressure processing (HPP) is a non-thermal pasteurization technology which has already been applied in the food industries. Besides maintaining the food safety and quality, HPP also has potential applications in the enhancement of the health benefits of food products. This study examines the current progress of research on the use of HPP in the development of health foods. Through HPP, the nutritional value of food products can be enhanced or retained, including promotes the biosynthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the food materials, retains immunoglobulin components in dairy products, increases resistant starch content in cereals, and reduces the …

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The Matrix Of Sds Integrated With Linear Hydrophilic Polymer For Resolution Of High- And Low-Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acids In Mekc, Kung-Hung Lin, Hwang-Shang Kou, Yi-Hui Lin, Chun-Chi Wang Jun 2020

The Matrix Of Sds Integrated With Linear Hydrophilic Polymer For Resolution Of High- And Low-Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acids In Mekc, Kung-Hung Lin, Hwang-Shang Kou, Yi-Hui Lin, Chun-Chi Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, when not effectively treated. The aim of this study was to discover new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of MN. A reliable mouse model of MN was used by the administration of cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA). Mice with MN exhibited proteinuria, histopathological changes, and accumulation of immune complexes in the glomerular basement membrane. Label-free proteomics analysis was performed to identify changes in protein expression, and the overexpressed proteins were evaluated. There were 273 proteins that showed significantly different expression in mice with MN, as compared …

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In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of The Neuroprotective Activity Of Uncaria Hirsuta Haviland, Chien-Min Lin, Yi-Tzu Lin, Tai-Lin Lee, Zuha Imtiyaz, Wen-Chi Hou, Mei-Hsien Lee Jun 2020

In Vitro And In Vivo Evaluation Of The Neuroprotective Activity Of Uncaria Hirsuta Haviland, Chien-Min Lin, Yi-Tzu Lin, Tai-Lin Lee, Zuha Imtiyaz, Wen-Chi Hou, Mei-Hsien Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Hyaluronic acid (HA), a multi-functional material, has a high dispersion in molecular weight, and the functions of HA are determined through the size. Nevertheless, hyaluronic acid mixtures are not easily separated due to their polydispersity. In this study, a capillary electrophoresis strategy was developed for resolution of different molecular-weight HA without enzymatic digestion. Here, hyaluronic acid mixtures with low molecular weight (380 kD; LHA) and high molecular weight (2180 kD; HHA) were successfully resolved by the SDS integrated with low molecular-weight polymer in capillary electrophoresis. By optimizing experimental conditions, the separation of LHA and HHA was completed within 14 min. …

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Neurodefend, A Novel Chinese Medicine, Attenuates Amyloid-Β And Tau Pathology In Experimental Alzheimer's Disease Models, Ashok Iyaswamy, Senthil Kumar Krishnamoorthi, Ju-Xian Song, Chuan-Bin Yang, Venkatapathy Kaliyamoorthy, Huan Zhang, Sravan G. Sreenivasmurthy, Sandeep Malampati, Zi-Ying Wang, Zhou Zhu, Benjamin Chun-Kit Tong, King-Ho Cheung, Jia-Hong Lu, Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan, Min Li Jun 2020

Neurodefend, A Novel Chinese Medicine, Attenuates Amyloid-Β And Tau Pathology In Experimental Alzheimer's Disease Models, Ashok Iyaswamy, Senthil Kumar Krishnamoorthi, Ju-Xian Song, Chuan-Bin Yang, Venkatapathy Kaliyamoorthy, Huan Zhang, Sravan G. Sreenivasmurthy, Sandeep Malampati, Zi-Ying Wang, Zhou Zhu, Benjamin Chun-Kit Tong, King-Ho Cheung, Jia-Hong Lu, Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan, Min Li

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Higenamine (HG), a cardioactive component of some foods and medicines, has been listed in the doping category by the International Olympic Committee, which may lead to misuse by athletes. We report the development of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method for determination of HG in various matrix samples (biological samples, different forms of Chinese patent medicine, Chinese herbal medicine) based on acylation derivatization of HG by heptafluorobutyric anhydride. Under optimal conditions, the linearity of HG in the range of 5–200 ng mL−1 was acceptable (R2 > 0.999), and the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for HG was …

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Determination Of Higenamine In Multi-Matrix By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Combined With Derivatization Technology, Yan-Ru Feng, Bo Wang, Guo-Jun Li, Wei-Jun Kang, Kao-Qi Lian, Xin-Li Lu Jun 2020

Determination Of Higenamine In Multi-Matrix By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Combined With Derivatization Technology, Yan-Ru Feng, Bo Wang, Guo-Jun Li, Wei-Jun Kang, Kao-Qi Lian, Xin-Li Lu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) is widely used in food and medicine as a biodegradable polymer. However, its effects on inflammation profile and colon health are not well investigated. In the present study, CMC was given to mice to evaluate its possible effects on body weight, blood glucose level, inflammation factors, intestinal permeability and colon microbiota. Results showed that blood glucose level of CMC treated mice was relatively higher than control ones. Glucose tolerance test revealed that CMC treated mice presented higher peak glucose level and lower lag level. CMC treatment increased serum LDL-c level, decreased serum HDL-c and IL-10 level in …

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