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Articles 571 - 600 of 1074

Full-Text Articles in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics

Evaluation Of Metal Concentration And Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, And Anticancer Potentials Of Two Edible Mushrooms Lactarius Deliciosus And Macrolepiota Procera, M. Kosanić, B. Ranković, A. Rančić, T. Stanojković Jul 2020

Evaluation Of Metal Concentration And Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, And Anticancer Potentials Of Two Edible Mushrooms Lactarius Deliciosus And Macrolepiota Procera, M. Kosanić, B. Ranković, A. Rančić, T. Stanojković

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study is designed for the determination of metal concentrations, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer potential of two edible mushrooms Lactarius deliciosus and Macrolepiota procera. Concentrations of nine metals are determined and all metals are present in the allowable concentrations in the tested mushrooms except Cd in M. procera. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical scavenging and reducing power. M. procera extract had more potent free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 311.40 μg/mL) than L. deliciosus extract. Moreover, the tested extracts had effective reducing power. The total content of phenol in the extracts was examined using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and obtained …

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Trace Residue Analysis Of Dicyandiamide, Cyromazine, And Melamine In Animal Tissue Foods By Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography, X. Ge, X. Wu, S. Liang, M. Su, H. Sun Jul 2020

Trace Residue Analysis Of Dicyandiamide, Cyromazine, And Melamine In Animal Tissue Foods By Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography, X. Ge, X. Wu, S. Liang, M. Su, H. Sun

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An effective sample preparation procedure using an accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) procedure, followed by cleaning with melamine molecularly imprinted polymers solid-phase extraction (MISPE) was developed. A novel and highly sensitive ASE–MISPE–ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method was developed for effective separation and simultaneous determination of dicyandiamide (DCD), cyromazine (CYR), and melamine (MEL) in complex animal tissue foods. Under optimized conditions, good linearity was achieved with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9999 in the range of at least two orders of magnitude. The limit of quantification of the method was 1.7 μg/kg, 5.0 μg/kg, and 3.2 μg/kg for DCD, MEL, and CYR, …

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Studies On Physicochemical And Nutritional Properties Of Aerial Parts Of Cassia Occidentalis L., S. Manikandaselvi, V. Vadivel, P. Brindha Jul 2020

Studies On Physicochemical And Nutritional Properties Of Aerial Parts Of Cassia Occidentalis L., S. Manikandaselvi, V. Vadivel, P. Brindha

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In the present, work chemical composition and nutritional value of aerial parts of Cassia occidentalis L. was studied. The aerial parts of C. occidentalis possess favorable physicochemical properties with good nutritional value, such as high energy value, crude fibers, and vitamin levels. The X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometry data revealed that the sample is rich in minerals, especially in Fe, Ca, K, and Mn. Further, minerals such as Mg, Zn, Cu, Na, P, and S are present in good amount and depicted the nutritional value of the selected material. The plant sample is rich in phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids, lignin, tannins, …

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Temporal Trend Of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxin/Polychlorinated Dibenzofuran And Dioxin Like-Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations In Food From Taiwan Markets During 2004–2012, C.-C. Lee, H.-T. Lin, Y.-M. Kao, M.-H. Chang, H.-L. Chen Jul 2020

Temporal Trend Of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxin/Polychlorinated Dibenzofuran And Dioxin Like-Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations In Food From Taiwan Markets During 2004–2012, C.-C. Lee, H.-T. Lin, Y.-M. Kao, M.-H. Chang, H.-L. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) or polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) in foodstuffs have decreased over the past decade in many countries. However, the trend for the levels of these compounds in foodstuffs in Taiwan remains unknown. In this study, we compared the distribution of PCDD/F and PCB in nine foodstuff categories acquired from Taiwan markets from 2004 to 2012. The levels expressed as World Health Organization toxic equivalents (WHO-TEQs) in the different foodstuffs tested were as follows: fish, average 0.463 pg WHO98-TEQ/g sample > seafood, 0.163 pg WHO98-TEQ/g > eggs, 0.150 pg WHO98-TEQ/g > oils, 0.126 pg WHO98-TEQ/g > meats, …

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Extraction Temperature Affects The Activities Of Antioxidation, Carbohydrate-Digestion Enzymes, And Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Of Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Extract, P.-H. Chen, Y.-M. Weng, Z.-R. Yu, M. Koo, B.-J. Wang Jul 2020

Extraction Temperature Affects The Activities Of Antioxidation, Carbohydrate-Digestion Enzymes, And Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Of Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Extract, P.-H. Chen, Y.-M. Weng, Z.-R. Yu, M. Koo, B.-J. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Extraction temperature can potentially affect the chemical compositions and bioactivities of the extracts obtained. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of extraction temperature on the distribution of bioactive compounds and the bioactivities of Pleurotus citrinopileatus. The antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)+ scavenging capabilities) and the inhibitory capabilities on pancreatic α-amylase, intestinal α-glucosidase, and hypertension-linked angiotensin-converting enzyme of hot water P. citrinopileatus extract and cold water P. citrinopileatus extract were determined. The results showed that the antioxidant capabilities and inhibitory effects on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and angiotensin-converting enzyme of cold water P. citrinopileatus extract were significantly higher …

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Renoprotective Effect Of Caralluma Fimbriata Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress In Wistar Rats, S. Gujjala, M. Putakala, S. Nukala, M. Bangeppagari, R. Ramaswamy, S. Desireddy Jul 2020

Renoprotective Effect Of Caralluma Fimbriata Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress In Wistar Rats, S. Gujjala, M. Putakala, S. Nukala, M. Bangeppagari, R. Ramaswamy, S. Desireddy

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The current study was designed to evaluate the renoprotective effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Caralluma fimbriata (CFE) against high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (C), control treated with CFE (C + CFE), high-fat diet fed (HFD), high-fat diet fed treated with CFE (HFD + CFE), and high-fat diet fed treated with metformin (HFD + metformin). CFE was orally administered (200 mg/kg body weight) to Groups C + CFE and HFD + CFE rats for 90 days. Renal functional markers such as, urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels in plasma …

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Effects Of Herbal Mixture Extracts On Obesity In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet, M.-Y. Chien, Y.-H. Ku, J.-M. Chang, C.-M. Yang, C.-H. Chen Jul 2020

Effects Of Herbal Mixture Extracts On Obesity In Rats Fed A High-Fat Diet, M.-Y. Chien, Y.-H. Ku, J.-M. Chang, C.-M. Yang, C.-H. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of three herbal mixture extracts on obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in rats. The prescriptions—Pericarpium citri reticulatae and Fructus crataegi—were used as matrix components and mixed with Ampelopsis grossedentata, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) to form T1, T2, and T3 complexes, respectively. Results revealed that HFD feeding significantly increased body weight gain, fat deposition, plasma lipid profiles, hepatic lipid accumulation, and hepatic vacuoles formation, but decreased plasma levels of adiponectin in rats. Only the T1 complex showed the tendency, although not significantly so, for decreased HFD-induced body …

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Effect Of Shaking Process On Correlations Between Catechins And Volatiles In Oolong Tea, S.-Y. Lin, L.-C. Lo, I.-Z. Chen, P.-A. Chen Jul 2020

Effect Of Shaking Process On Correlations Between Catechins And Volatiles In Oolong Tea, S.-Y. Lin, L.-C. Lo, I.-Z. Chen, P.-A. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Shaking the tea leaves is the key manipulation to making oolong tea. It contributes to the formation of flavor and fragrance in oolong tea. The dynamic variations of catechins and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the shaking process were investigated. The results showed that the contents of epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) first decreased after the shaking and then increased to the initial value before the next shaking. Geraniol, linalool and its oxides, and phenylethyl alcohol showed similar variations. The contents of trans-β-ocimene, 1H-indole, and 3-hexenyl hexanoate increased after the second or third shaking (the late …

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Antihyperlipidemic Activity Of Allium Chinense Bulbs, Y.-P. Lin, L.-Y. Lin, H.-Y. Yeh, C.-H. Chuang, S.-W. Tseng, Y.-H. Yen Jul 2020

Antihyperlipidemic Activity Of Allium Chinense Bulbs, Y.-P. Lin, L.-Y. Lin, H.-Y. Yeh, C.-H. Chuang, S.-W. Tseng, Y.-H. Yen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Allium chinense is a medicinal plant and nutritional food commonly used in Eastern Asia. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antioxidant activity (scavenging of α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl free radical, total phenol content, reducing power, and total antioxidant activity) and constituents of various extracts from A. chinense. Moreover, we also studied the in vivo hypolipidemic effects of extracts on high-fat-diet Wistar rats. Ethanol extracts from A. chinense showed notable antioxidant activity, and its high-dose essential-oil extract both significantly reduced serum and hepatic total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels and increased serum high-density lipoprotein levels in high-fat-diet Wistar rats compared with …

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Determination Of Naturally Occurring Estrogenic Hormones In Cow's And River Buffalo's Meat By Hplc-Fld Method, Y. Shahbazi, H. Malekinejad, H. Tajik Jul 2020

Determination Of Naturally Occurring Estrogenic Hormones In Cow's And River Buffalo's Meat By Hplc-Fld Method, Y. Shahbazi, H. Malekinejad, H. Tajik

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study was performed to measure and compare the levels of steroid hormones [estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3)] and their conjugated metabolites in cow's and river buffalo's meat in two distinct follicular and luteal phases. Moreover, the possible effect of a heating process on steroid hormone concentration was also investigated. The collected meat (biceps femoris muscle) samples were subjected to liquid extraction, enzymatical deconjugation, and C18 solid-phase extraction. Estrogens were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence detector. In the follicular phase the levels of steroid hormones (E1 and E2) in either tested species were …

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Rapid Determination Of Trace Level Copper In Tea Infusion Samples By Solid Contact Ion Selective Electrode, A. Birinci, H. Eren, F. Coldur, E. Coskun, M. Andac Jul 2020

Rapid Determination Of Trace Level Copper In Tea Infusion Samples By Solid Contact Ion Selective Electrode, A. Birinci, H. Eren, F. Coldur, E. Coskun, M. Andac

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A new solid contact copper selective electrode with a poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane consisting of o-xylylenebis(N,N-diisobutyldithiocarbamate) as ionophore has been prepared. The main novelties of constructed ion selective electrode concept are the enhanced robustness, cheapness, and fastness due to the use of solid contacts. The electrode exhibits a rapid (< 10 seconds) and near-Nernstian response to Cu2+ activity from 10−1 to 10−6 mol/L at the pH range of 4.0–6.0. No serious interference from common ions was found. The electrode characterizes by high potential stability, reproducibility, and full repeatability. The electrode was used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Cu(II) ions with EDTA and for the direct assay of tea infusion samples by means of the calibration graph technique. The results compared favorably with those obtained by the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). © 2016

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Thymol Reduces Oxidative Stress, Aortic Intimal Thickening, And Inflammation-Related Gene Expression In Hyperlipidemic Rabbits, Y.-M. Yu, T.-Y. Chao, W.-C. Chang, M.J. Chang, M.-F. Lee Jul 2020

Thymol Reduces Oxidative Stress, Aortic Intimal Thickening, And Inflammation-Related Gene Expression In Hyperlipidemic Rabbits, Y.-M. Yu, T.-Y. Chao, W.-C. Chang, M.J. Chang, M.-F. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Atherosclerosis plays a key role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, and is often associated with oxidative stress and local inflammation. Thymol, a major polyphenolic compound in thyme, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we measured the in vitro antioxidant activity of thymol, and investigated the effect of thymol on high-fat-diet-induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. New Zealand white rabbits were fed with regular chow, high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HC), T3, or T6 (HC with thymol supplementation at 3 mg/kg/d or 6 mg/kg/d, respectively) for 8 weeks. Aortic intimal thickening, serum lipid parameters, multiple inflammatory markers, proinflammatory cytokines, and atherosclerosis-associated …

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Validated High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic (Hptlc) Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Nadifloxacin, Mometasone Furoate, And Miconazole Nitrate Cream Using Fractional Factorial Design, K.G. Patel, P.M. Shah, P.A. Shah, T.R. Gandhi Jul 2020

Validated High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic (Hptlc) Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Nadifloxacin, Mometasone Furoate, And Miconazole Nitrate Cream Using Fractional Factorial Design, K.G. Patel, P.M. Shah, P.A. Shah, T.R. Gandhi

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of nadifloxacin, mometasone furoate, and miconazole nitrate was developed and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. High-performance thin-layer chromatographic separation was performed on aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60F254 and methanol:ethyl acetate:toluene: acetonitrile:3M ammonium formate in water (1:2.5:6.0:0.3:0.2, % v/v) as optimized mobile phase at detection wavelength of 224 nm. The retardation factor (Rf) values for nadifloxacin, mometasone furoate, and miconazole nitrate were 0.23, 0.70, and 0.59, respectively. Percent recoveries in terms of accuracy for the marketed formulation were found to be 98.35–99.76%, 99.36–99.65%, and 99.16–100.25% for nadifloxacin, mometasone …

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Chemical Composition And Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Essential Oil From Trachydium Roylei, Y.-T. Wang, L. Zhu, D. Zeng, W. Long, S.-M. Zhu Jul 2020

Chemical Composition And Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Essential Oil From Trachydium Roylei, Y.-T. Wang, L. Zhu, D. Zeng, W. Long, S.-M. Zhu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity, and cytotoxicity of essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of Trachydium roylei were investigated in this study. The chemical composition of T. roylei essential oil was analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Fifty-nine components, representing 98.87% of the oils, were characterized. The oils were predominated by aromatic compounds and monoterpene hydrocarbons, and the main components were myristicin (25.35%), β-phellandrene (22.95%), elemicine (7.69%), isoelemicin (5.48%), and cedrol (5.26%). The anti-inflammatory activity of the oil in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine RAW 264.7 cells was evaluated. The oils downregulated the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, …

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Essential Oils From Taiwan: Chemical Composition And Antibacterial Activity Against Escherichia Coli, P.-C. Lin, J.J. Lee, I.-J. Chang Jul 2020

Essential Oils From Taiwan: Chemical Composition And Antibacterial Activity Against Escherichia Coli, P.-C. Lin, J.J. Lee, I.-J. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The chemical compositions of seven essential oils from Taiwan were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The eluates were identified by matching the mass fragment patents to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 08 database. The quantitative analysis showed that the major components of lemon verbena are geranial (26.9%) and neral (23.1%); those of sweet marjoram are γ-terpinene (18.5%), thymol methyl ether (15.5%), and terpinen-4-ol (12.0%); those of clove basil are eugenol (73.6%), and β-(Z)-ocimene (15.4%); those of patchouli are carvacrol (47.5%) and p-cymene (15.2%); those of rosemary are α-pinene (54.8%) and 1,8-cineole (22.2%); those of tea tree are …

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Influence Of Gallic Acid On Α-Amylase And Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Properties Of Acarbose, G. Oboh, O.B. Ogunsuyi, M.D. Ogunbadejo, S.A. Adefegha Jul 2020

Influence Of Gallic Acid On Α-Amylase And Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Properties Of Acarbose, G. Oboh, O.B. Ogunsuyi, M.D. Ogunbadejo, S.A. Adefegha

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Acarbose is an antidiabetic drug which acts by inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities but with deleterious side effects. Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid that is widespread in plant foods. We therefore investigated the influence of GA on α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties of acarbose (in vitro). Aqueous solutions of acarbose and GA were prepared to a final concentration of 25μM each. Thereafter, mixtures of the samples (50% acarbose + 50% GA; 75% acarbose + 25% GA; and 25% acarbose + 75% GA) were prepared. The results revealed that the combination of 50% acarbose and 50% GA showed the …

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Extracts Of Agrimonia Eupatoria L. As Sources Of Biologically Active Compounds And Evaluation Of Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, And Antibiofilm Activities, M.Ž. Muruzović, K.G. Mladenović, O.D. Stefanović, S.M. Vasić, L.R. Čomić Jul 2020

Extracts Of Agrimonia Eupatoria L. As Sources Of Biologically Active Compounds And Evaluation Of Their Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, And Antibiofilm Activities, M.Ž. Muruzović, K.G. Mladenović, O.D. Stefanović, S.M. Vasić, L.R. Čomić

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, we determined the concentration of total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and proanthocyanidins in the water, diethyl ether, acetone, and ethanol extracts of Agrimonia eupatoria L. We also investigated the antioxidant activity of these extracts using two methods [2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power] and their in vitro antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) activity on some selected species of bacteria and fungi. In addition, the effects of the acetone and water extracts on the inhibition of biofilm formation of Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated using the crystal violet method. The concentration of total phenols was measured according to the …

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Fungal Flora And Aflatoxin Contamination In Pakistani Wheat Kernels (Triticum Aestivum L.) And Their Attribution In Seed Germination, M.A. Asghar, A. Ahmed, J. Iqbal, E. Zahir, H. Nauman Jul 2020

Fungal Flora And Aflatoxin Contamination In Pakistani Wheat Kernels (Triticum Aestivum L.) And Their Attribution In Seed Germination, M.A. Asghar, A. Ahmed, J. Iqbal, E. Zahir, H. Nauman

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study aimed to isolate fungal pathogens and to subsequently quantify aflatoxin (AF; B1 + B2 + G1 + G2) contamination in wheat crops grown in Pakistan. Accordingly, a total of 185 wheat samples were collected from different areas of Pakistan and numerous potent fungal pathogens were isolated. AF contamination attributed to the presence of intoxicating fungal pathogens and resulting metabolic activities were quantified using a high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector coupled with postcolumn derivatization. Additionally, the effect of fungal pathogens on seed germination was also examined. The results obtained showed that 50% of tested wheat samples were found to …

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Tumor Cell Culture On Collagen–Chitosan Scaffolds As Three-Dimensional Tumor Model: A Suitable Model For Tumor Studies, A. Mahmoudzadeh, H. Mohammadpour Jul 2020

Tumor Cell Culture On Collagen–Chitosan Scaffolds As Three-Dimensional Tumor Model: A Suitable Model For Tumor Studies, A. Mahmoudzadeh, H. Mohammadpour

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Tumor cells naturally live in three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments, while common laboratory tests and evaluations are done in two-dimensional (2D) plates. This study examined the impact of cultured 4T1 cancer cells in a 3D collagen–chitosan scaffold compared with 2D plate cultures. Collagen–chitosan scaffolds were provided and passed confirmatory tests. 4T1 tumor cells were cultured on scaffolds and then tumor cells growth rate, resistance to X-ray radiation, and cyclophosphamide as a chemotherapy drug were analyzed. Furthermore, 4T1 cells were extracted from the scaffold model and were injected into the mice. Tumor growth rate, survival rate, and systemic immune responses were evaluated. Our …

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Assessment Of The Key Aroma Compounds In Rose-Based Products, C.-Y. Zhao, J. Xue, X.-D. Cai, J. Guo, B. Li, S. Wu Jul 2020

Assessment Of The Key Aroma Compounds In Rose-Based Products, C.-Y. Zhao, J. Xue, X.-D. Cai, J. Guo, B. Li, S. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, headspace solid phase microextraction–gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and GC-olfactometry were used to analyze the key aroma compounds in three types of rose-based products, including low-temperature extracts (LTEs), high-temperature extracts (HTEs), and rose drinks (RDs). In combination with the Guadagni theory, it was confirmed that the key aroma components of LTE were β-phenyl ethyl alcohol, citronellol, geraniol, and eugenol. The main aroma compounds in HTE were β-phenyl ethyl alcohol, citronellol, geraniol, eugenol, linalool, and rose oxide. The four key aroma compounds in RDs were β-phenyl ethyl alcohol, eugenol, geraniol, and linalool. © 2016

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Hepatoprotective And Antidiabetic Effects Of Pistacia Lentiscus Leaf And Fruit Extracts, C. Mehenni, D. Atmani-Kilani, S. Dumarçay, D. Perrin, P. Gérardin, D. Atmani Jul 2020

Hepatoprotective And Antidiabetic Effects Of Pistacia Lentiscus Leaf And Fruit Extracts, C. Mehenni, D. Atmani-Kilani, S. Dumarçay, D. Perrin, P. Gérardin, D. Atmani

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Pistacia lentiscus (Anacardiaceae) is commonly used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of extracts of P. lentiscus leaves (PL) and fruits (PF) against experimentally induced liver damage. Furthermore, characterization of extracts was attempted by a spectroscopic methodology (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection analysis. A hepatoprotective potential against paracetamol [165 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)] toxicity was noticed in mice pretreated with the same dose of PL or PF extract (125 mg/kg b.w.) or a combination of both (PL/PF 63/63 …

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Effects Of Electrode Gap And Electric Potential On Chlorine Generation Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, S.-Y. Hsu Jul 2020

Effects Of Electrode Gap And Electric Potential On Chlorine Generation Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, S.-Y. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Electrolyzed water is a sustainable disinfectant, which can comply with food safety regulations and is environmentally friendly. A two-factor central composite design was adopted for studying the effects of electrode gap and electric potential on chlorine generation efficiency of electrolyzed deep ocean water. Deep ocean water was electrolyzed in a glass electrolyzing cell equipped with platinum-plated titanium anode and cathode. Results showed high electric efficiency at a low cell potential, and a high current density and high chlorine concentration at a high cell potential and low electrode gap. Current efficiency of the system was not significantly affected by electrode gap …

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Histamine Production By Raoultella Ornithinolytica In Mahi-Mahi Meat At Various Storage Temperatures, C.-S. Lin, H.-F. Kung, C.-M. Lin, H.-C. Tsai, Y.-H. Tsai Jul 2020

Histamine Production By Raoultella Ornithinolytica In Mahi-Mahi Meat At Various Storage Temperatures, C.-S. Lin, H.-F. Kung, C.-M. Lin, H.-C. Tsai, Y.-H. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Mahi-mahi meat was inoculated with Raoultella ornithinolytica at 5.0 log CFU/g and stored at -20°C, 4°C, 15°C, 25°C, or 37°C to investigate bacterial growth and formation of total volatile base nitrogen and histamine in mahi-mahi meat. R. ornithinolytica grew rapidly in samples stored at temperature above 15°C. The histamine contents quickly increased to higher than 50 mg/100 g in samples stored at 25°C and 37°C within 12 hours as well as those stored at 15°C within 48 hours. The total volatile base nitrogen contents increased to higher than the index level (30 mg/100 g) for fish decomposition at 25°C within …

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Analysis Of N-Nitrosodiethylamine By Ion Chromatography Coupled With Uv Photolysis Pretreatment, X. Li, X. He, Y. Dong, L. Jia, Q. He Jul 2020

Analysis Of N-Nitrosodiethylamine By Ion Chromatography Coupled With Uv Photolysis Pretreatment, X. Li, X. He, Y. Dong, L. Jia, Q. He

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Nitrosamines such as N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) are commonly detected by spectrophotometry after photolysis and Griess reaction (PG) in food industries for lower cost. Results of this research indicate that NDEA decays rapidly under UV irradiation, and concentrations of the generated NO2- and NO3- ions vary with photolysis conditions. Thus, the measurement of the PG method may be inconsistent because it is based on the amount of photoproduced NO2-. In addition, more errors may be present in the PG method since NO3- cannot be measured colorimetrically using Griess reagent. In this work, the sum of the concentrations of photoproduced NO2- and NO3- …

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Antioxidant Activity And Protective Effects Of Cocoa And Kola Nut Mistletoe (Globimetula Cupulata) Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Langendorff-Perfused Rat Hearts, A.C. Akinmoladun, J.A. Olowe, K. Komolafe, J. Ogundele, M.T. Olaleye Jul 2020

Antioxidant Activity And Protective Effects Of Cocoa And Kola Nut Mistletoe (Globimetula Cupulata) Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Langendorff-Perfused Rat Hearts, A.C. Akinmoladun, J.A. Olowe, K. Komolafe, J. Ogundele, M.T. Olaleye

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Protection against cardiomyocyte damage following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is highly desirable in patients with ischemic heart disease. Hydromethanol extracts of Globimetula cupulata (mistletoe) growing on cocoa (CGCE) and kola nut (KGCE) trees were assessed for antioxidant content and cardioprotective potential against I/R. Graded concentrations (1-50 μg/mL) of CGCE or KGCE were tested on Langendorff-perfused rat hearts to evaluate the effects on the flow rate, heart rate, and force of cardiac contraction, while another set of hearts were subjected to biochemical analyses. Both extracts showed good antioxidant content and activity, but KGCE (EC50: 24.8±1.8 μg/mL) showed higher hydroxyl radical scavenging activity …

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Comparing The Functional Components, Sod-Like Activities, Antimutagenicity, And Nutrient Compositions Of Phellinus Igniarius And Phellinus Linteus Mushrooms, N.-C. Yang, C.-C. Wu, R.H. Liu, Y.-C. Chai, C.Y. Tseng Jul 2020

Comparing The Functional Components, Sod-Like Activities, Antimutagenicity, And Nutrient Compositions Of Phellinus Igniarius And Phellinus Linteus Mushrooms, N.-C. Yang, C.-C. Wu, R.H. Liu, Y.-C. Chai, C.Y. Tseng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Many species of the genus Phellinus possess beneficial properties, including antioxidant, immune-enhancing, and antimutagenic effects. Phenolic compounds and polysaccharides are two kinds of bioactive compounds; however, few studies have compared the differences between Phellinus igniarius and Phellinus linteus in their functional components, functional activities, and nutrient compositions. Herein, the proximate compositions and microelements of the fruiting body of P. igniarius and P. linteus were determined. The fruiting body of P. igniarius and P. linteus were extracted by boiling water [water extract of P. igniarius (WEPI) and P. linteus (WEPL)]. The contents of total phenolics and polysaccharides, as well as superoxide …

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Determination Of Urea Content In Urea Cream By Centrifugal Partition Chromatography, Y.-Q. Wang, S.-S. Wang, J. Zhu, L. Wang, B.-H. Jiang, W.-J. Zhao Jul 2020

Determination Of Urea Content In Urea Cream By Centrifugal Partition Chromatography, Y.-Q. Wang, S.-S. Wang, J. Zhu, L. Wang, B.-H. Jiang, W.-J. Zhao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The objective of this study is to establish a centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) method for determination of the urea ingredient in urea cream. The mechanism of this method is that urea is determined by UV detector at 430 nm after being extracted from the cream and derivatized on line via Ehrlich reaction in rotor of CPC, where the reaction products dissolve in the mobile phase and the cream matrix retains in the stationary phase. The mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane, methanol, hydrochloric acid and p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde with a ratio of 1000 mL:1000 mL:18 mL:2.0 g is used for solvent system of …

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Chemical Constituents And Bioactivity Of Formosan Lauraceous Plants, H.-S. Chang, I.-S. Chen Jul 2020

Chemical Constituents And Bioactivity Of Formosan Lauraceous Plants, H.-S. Chang, I.-S. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Taiwan is rich in lauraceous plants. A review of 197 references based on the chemical analysis and bioactivity of indigenous lauraceous plants carried out by native scientists from 1963 to 2014 has been compiled. About 303 new compounds and thousands of known compounds comprising alkaloids and non-alkaloids with diverse structures have been isolated or identified from indigenous plants belonging to the 11 lauraceous genera. The volatile components, however, have been excluded from this review. This review provides an overview of the past efforts of Taiwan scientists working on secondary metabolites and their bioactivity in native lauraceous plants. The potential of …

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Anti-Inflammatory Effects, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Identification, And High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Isolation Of The Total Flavonoids From Artemisia Frigida, Q. Wang, J. Jin, N. Dai, N. Han, J. Han, B. Bao Jul 2020

Anti-Inflammatory Effects, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Identification, And High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Isolation Of The Total Flavonoids From Artemisia Frigida, Q. Wang, J. Jin, N. Dai, N. Han, J. Han, B. Bao

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The aerial parts of Artemisia frigida Willd. are used to treat joint swelling, renal heat, abnormal menstruation, and sore carbuncle. The anti-inflammatory effects of A. frigida have been well-known in folk medicine, suggesting that components extracted from A. frigida could potentially treat inflammatory disease. With the aim of discovering bioactive compounds, in this study, we extracted total flavonoids from the aerial parts of A. frigida and investigated their anti-inflammatory effects against inflammation induced by carrageenan and egg albumin in rats. At the doses studied, total flavonoids (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg) and some isolated compounds (30 mg/kg) showed …

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Statistical Optimization Of Lovastatin And Confirmation Of Nonexistence Of Citrinin Under Solid-State Fermentation By Monascus Sanguineus, R. Dikshit, P. Tallapragada Jul 2020

Statistical Optimization Of Lovastatin And Confirmation Of Nonexistence Of Citrinin Under Solid-State Fermentation By Monascus Sanguineus, R. Dikshit, P. Tallapragada

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Lovastatin is a well-known natural statin, which is used for lowering plasma cholesterol levels by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Different strains of Aspergillus and Monascus sp. have been exploited for statin production but Monascus sanguineus is still unexplored. In this study, lovastatin production from Monascus sanguineus under solid state fermentation was optimized using response surface methodology. The optimized value of the lovastatin yield was 20.04 mg/gds with soybean concentration of 20 g/L, CaCl2 concentration of 2.5 g/L, acetic acid concentration of 25 μL and inoculum size of 3.4 mL. This study also documented spectrometric characterization and fragment pattern …

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