Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Pharmacology

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 481 - 510 of 1134

Full-Text Articles in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics

Method Development And Validation For The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Assay Of Gastrodin In Water Extracts From Different Sources Of Gastrodia Elata Blume, W.-C. Chen, Y.-S. Lai, K.-H. Lu, S.-H. Lin, L.-Y. Liao, C.-T. Ho, L.-Y. Sheen Jul 2020

Method Development And Validation For The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Assay Of Gastrodin In Water Extracts From Different Sources Of Gastrodia Elata Blume, W.-C. Chen, Y.-S. Lai, K.-H. Lu, S.-H. Lin, L.-Y. Liao, C.-T. Ho, L.-Y. Sheen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Gastrodia elata Blume is commonly used as a medical herb in China for ameliorating headaches, dizziness, and convulsions. In previous studies, water extracts of G. elata Bl. (WGE) have demonstrated potential to act as therapeutic agents to improve depression-like symptoms in rats. As gastrodin (GAS) is a major active compound in WGE, its quantitation in WGE is important for quality control. The objective of this study was to develop an optimized and validated reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the analysis of GAS in different sources of WGE. We evaluated the GAS content in varieties of G. elata Bl. including …

Go to article

Effect Of High-Pressure Homogenization Preparation On Mean Globule Size And Large-Diameter Tail Of Oil-In-Water Injectable Emulsions, J. Peng, W.-J. Dong, L. Li, J.-M. Xu, D.-J. Jin, X.-J. Xia, Y.-L. Liu Jul 2020

Effect Of High-Pressure Homogenization Preparation On Mean Globule Size And Large-Diameter Tail Of Oil-In-Water Injectable Emulsions, J. Peng, W.-J. Dong, L. Li, J.-M. Xu, D.-J. Jin, X.-J. Xia, Y.-L. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The effect of different high pressure homogenization energy input parameters on mean diameter droplet size (MDS) and droplets with > 5 μm of lipid injectable emulsions were evaluated. All emulsions were prepared at different water bath temperatures or at different rotation speeds and rotor-stator system times, and using different homogenization pressures and numbers of high-pressure system recirculations. The MDS and polydispersity index (PI) value of the emulsions were determined using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method, and large-diameter tail assessments were performed using the light-obscuration/single particle optical sensing (LO/SPOS) method. Using 1000 bar homogenization pressure and seven recirculations, the energy input …

Go to article

Effects Of Red Mold Dioscorea With Pioglitazone, A Potentially Functional Food, In The Treatment Of Diabetes, C.-L. Chen, T.-M. Pan Jul 2020

Effects Of Red Mold Dioscorea With Pioglitazone, A Potentially Functional Food, In The Treatment Of Diabetes, C.-L. Chen, T.-M. Pan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly, and its treatment with pioglitazone is likely to induce rhabdomyolysis. We aimed to determine the effect of cotreatment with pioglitazone and red mold dioscorea (RMD) produced by Monascus purpureus NTU 568 on pancreas function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In diabetic rats fed RMD, RMD with pioglitazone, and pioglitazone alone, insulin concentrations increased significantly by 18.6-40.4%, 64.0-100.0%, and 52.8%, respectively, compared with that in the diabetic group (p < 0.05). Oral glucose tolerance was impaired in the STZ-induced diabetic group within 4 weeks, however, oral glucose tolerance in rats treated with RMD or RMD with pioglitazone improved after 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks. Findings from this study might lend support to the use of RMD as a novel functional food for the prevention of diabetes. © 2015, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.

Go to article

Determination Of Oligosaccharides And Monosaccharides In Hakka Rice Wine By Precolumn Derivation High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, W. Bai, X. Fang, W. Zhao, S. Huang, H. Zhang, M. Qian Jul 2020

Determination Of Oligosaccharides And Monosaccharides In Hakka Rice Wine By Precolumn Derivation High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, W. Bai, X. Fang, W. Zhao, S. Huang, H. Zhang, M. Qian

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This article presents a precolumn derivatization procedure with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) reagent to detect oligosaccharides and monosaccharides in Hakka rice wine. The subsequent separation of the derivatized glucose-PMP also was performed using a mobile phase consisting of the molar ratio of acetonitrile to ammonium acetate buffer (0.1M) of 22:78 at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with the column temperature of 35°C, and the pH of ammonium acetate buffer at 5.5. The optimum derivation conditions were as follows: reaction temperature, 70°C; reaction time, 30 minutes; molar ratio of PMP to glucose, 10:1 (v/v); molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to glucose, 3:1 …

Go to article

Antifungal And Antioxidant Activities Of Organic And Aqueous Extracts Of Annona Squamosa Linn. Leaves, N. Kalidindi, N.V. Thimmaiah, N.V. Jagadeesh, R. Nandeep, S. Swetha, B. Kalidindi Jul 2020

Antifungal And Antioxidant Activities Of Organic And Aqueous Extracts Of Annona Squamosa Linn. Leaves, N. Kalidindi, N.V. Thimmaiah, N.V. Jagadeesh, R. Nandeep, S. Swetha, B. Kalidindi

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

An increasing demand for natural additives has shifted the attention from synthetic to natural antioxidants and antifungal agents. This study was carried out to evaluate the antifungal and antioxidant activities of methanol, chloroform, and aqueous extracts of Annona squamosa Linn. leaves. The antifungal activities of all extracts of A. squamosa leaves against five different strains of fungi (Alternaria alternata, Candida albicans, Fusarium solani, Microsporum canis, and Aspergillus Niger) were evaluated by the agar well diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration of each extract was assessed by antifungal susceptibility using the broth microdilution method. The antioxidant potential of each extract …

Go to article

Antioxidant Activity And Growth Inhibition Of Human Colon Cancer Cells By Crude And Purified Fucoidan Preparations Extracted From Sargassum Cristaefolium, C.-Y. Wang, T.-C. Wu, S.-L. Hsieh, Y.-H. Tsai, C.-W. Yeh, C.-Y. Huang Jul 2020

Antioxidant Activity And Growth Inhibition Of Human Colon Cancer Cells By Crude And Purified Fucoidan Preparations Extracted From Sargassum Cristaefolium, C.-Y. Wang, T.-C. Wu, S.-L. Hsieh, Y.-H. Tsai, C.-W. Yeh, C.-Y. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides, also termed "fucoidans", which are known to possess antioxidant, anticoagulant, anticancer, antiviral, and immunomodulating properties, are normally isolated from brown algae via various extraction techniques. In the present study, two methods (SC1 and SC2) for isolation of fucoidan from Sargassum cristaefolium were compared, with regard to the extraction yields, antioxidant activity, and inhibition of growth of human colon cancer cells exhibited by the respective extracts. SC1 and SC2 differ in the number of extraction steps and concentration of ethanol used, as well as the obtained sulfated polysaccharide extracts, namely, crude fucoidan preparation (CFP) and purified fucoidan preparation …

Go to article

Antioxidation, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition Activity, Nattokinase, And Antihypertension Of Bacillus Subtilis (Natto)-Fermented Pigeon Pea, B.-H. Lee, Y.-S. Lai, S.-C. Wu Jul 2020

Antioxidation, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition Activity, Nattokinase, And Antihypertension Of Bacillus Subtilis (Natto)-Fermented Pigeon Pea, B.-H. Lee, Y.-S. Lai, S.-C. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Because of the high incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Asian countries, traditional fermented foods from Asia have been increasingly investigated for antiatherosclerotic effects. This study investigated the production of nattokinase, a serine fibrinolytic enzyme, in pigeon pea by Bacillus subtilis fermentation. B. subtilis 14714, B. subtilis 14715, B. subtilis 14716, and B. subtilis 14718 were employed to produce nattokinase. The highest nattokinase activity in pigeon pea was obtained using B. subtilis 14715 fermentation for 32 hours. In addition, the levels of antioxidants (phenolics and flavonoids) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity were increased in B. subtilis 14715-fermented pigeon pea, compared …

Go to article

Chemical Material Basis Study Of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction By Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, L. Zhang, Z. Jiang, J. Yang, Y. Li, Y. Wang, X. Chai Jul 2020

Chemical Material Basis Study Of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction By Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, L. Zhang, Z. Jiang, J. Yang, Y. Li, Y. Wang, X. Chai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a classic prescription in traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In order to profile the chemical material basis of this formula, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q/TOF MS) method has been established for rapid separation and structural characterization of compounds in the decoction. As a result, 103 compounds including phenolic acids, spermidines, C-glycosyl quinochalcones, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and others were detected; 35 of them were unambiguously identified, and 68 were tentatively characterized by comparing the retention time, MS data, characteristic MS …

Go to article

Food Suppliers' Perceptions And Practical Implementation Of Food Safety Regulations In Taiwan, W.-H. Ko Jul 2020

Food Suppliers' Perceptions And Practical Implementation Of Food Safety Regulations In Taiwan, W.-H. Ko

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The relationships between the perceptions and practical implementation of food safety regulations by food suppliers in Taiwan were evaluated. A questionnaire survey was used to identify individuals who were full-time employees of the food supply industry with at least 3 months of experience. Dimensions of perceptions of food safety regulations were classified using the constructs of attitude of employees and corporate concern attitude for food safety regulation. The behavior dimension was classified into employee behavior and corporate practice. Food suppliers with training in food safety were significantly better than those without training with respect to the constructs of perception dimension …

Go to article

Flavone Glycosides From Commercially Available Lophatheri Herba And Their Chromatographic Fingerprinting And Quantitation, J.-S. Fan, I.-J. Lee, Y.-L. Lin Jul 2020

Flavone Glycosides From Commercially Available Lophatheri Herba And Their Chromatographic Fingerprinting And Quantitation, J.-S. Fan, I.-J. Lee, Y.-L. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Lophatheri Herba (Danzhuye; LH), the dried leaves of Lophatherum gracile Brongn (Poaceae), is commonly used in Chinese herbal medicine as an antipyretic, antibacterial, and diuretic. Chemical analysis has been conducted to isolate and identify seven major flavonoid glycosides, including a new flavone C-glycoside, luteolin 6-C-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), isoorientin (2), swertiajaponin (3), luteolin 6-C-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside (4), isovitexin (5), swertisin (6), luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), and luteolin 6-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside (8), from commercially available LHs in Taiwan. The structure of the new compound (1), the maximum component, was determined by extensive one- (1D-) and two-dimensional (2D-) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and MS spectral analyses. The 1H and …

Go to article

Is It Possible To Rapidly And Noninvasively Identify Different Plants From Asteraceae Using Electronic Nose With Multiple Mathematical Algorithms?, H.-Q. Zou, G. Lu, Y. Liu, R. Bauer, O. Tao, J.-T. Gong, L.-Y. Zhao, J.-H. Li, Z.-Y. Ren, Y.-H. Yan Jul 2020

Is It Possible To Rapidly And Noninvasively Identify Different Plants From Asteraceae Using Electronic Nose With Multiple Mathematical Algorithms?, H.-Q. Zou, G. Lu, Y. Liu, R. Bauer, O. Tao, J.-T. Gong, L.-Y. Zhao, J.-H. Li, Z.-Y. Ren, Y.-H. Yan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Many plants originating from the Asteraceae family are applied as herbal medicines and also beverage ingredients in Asian areas, particularly in China. However, they may be confused due to their similar odor, especially when ground into powder, losing their typical macroscopic characteristics. In this paper, 11 different multiple mathematical algorithms, which are commonly used in data processing, were utilized and compared to analyze the electronic nose (E-nose) response signals of different plants from Asteraceae family. Results demonstrate that three-dimensional plot scatter figure of principal component analysis with less extracted components could offer the identification results more visually; simultaneously, all nine …

Go to article

Red Algae (Gelidium Amansii) Reduces Adiposity Via Activation Of Lipolysis In Rats With Diabetes Induced By Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide, T.-H. Yang, H.-T. Yao, M.-T. Chiang Jul 2020

Red Algae (Gelidium Amansii) Reduces Adiposity Via Activation Of Lipolysis In Rats With Diabetes Induced By Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide, T.-H. Yang, H.-T. Yao, M.-T. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Gelidium amansii (GA) is an edible red algae that is distributed mainly in northeastern Taiwan. This study was designed to investigate the effects of GA on plasma glucose, lipids, and adipocytokines in rats with streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetes. Rats were divided into four groups: (1) rats without diabetes fed a high-fat diet (control group); (2) rats with diabetes fed a high-fat diet; (3) rats with diabetes fed a high-fat diet with thiazolidinedione in the diet; and (4) rats with diabetes fed a high-fat diet and GA. The experimental diet and drinking water were available ad libitum for 11 weeks. After the 11-week …

Go to article

Effects Of Process Conditions On Chlorine Generation And Storage Stability Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, C.-W. Hsia, S.-Y. Hsu Jul 2020

Effects Of Process Conditions On Chlorine Generation And Storage Stability Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, C.-W. Hsia, S.-Y. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Electrolyzed water is a sustainable disinfectant, which can comply with food safety regulations and is environmentally friendly. We investigated the effects of platinum plating of electrode, electrode size, cell potential, and additional stirring on electrolysis properties of deep ocean water (DOW) and DOW concentration products. We also studied the relationships between quality properties of electrolyzed DOW and their storage stability. Results indicated that concentrating DOW to 1.7 times increased chlorine level in the electrolyzed DOW without affecting electric and current efficiencies of the electrolysis process. Increasing magnesium and potassium levels in DOW decreased chlorine level in the electrolyzed DOW as …

Go to article

Effects Of Electrode Settings On Chlorine Generation Efficiency Of Electrolyzing Seawater, G.-S.W. Hsu, C.-W. Hsia, S.-Y. Hsu Jul 2020

Effects Of Electrode Settings On Chlorine Generation Efficiency Of Electrolyzing Seawater, G.-S.W. Hsu, C.-W. Hsia, S.-Y. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Electrolyzed water has significant disinfection effects, can comply with food safety regulations, and is environmental friendly. We investigated the effects of immersion depth of electrodes, stirring, electrode size, and electrode gap on the properties and chlorine generation efficiency of electrolyzing seawater and its storage stability. Results indicated that temperature and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the seawater increased gradually, whereas electrical conductivity decreased steadily in electrolysis. During the electrolysis process, pH values and electric currents also decreased slightly within small ranges. Additional stirring or immersing the electrodes deep under the seawater significantly increased current density without affecting its electric efficiency and …

Go to article

Optimization Of Ultrasonic Extraction By Response Surface Methodology Combined With Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Method For Determination Of Four Iridoids In Gentiana Rigescens, Y. Pan, J. Zhang, T. Shen, Z.-T. Zuo, H. Jin, Y.-Z. Wang, W.-Y. Li Jul 2020

Optimization Of Ultrasonic Extraction By Response Surface Methodology Combined With Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Method For Determination Of Four Iridoids In Gentiana Rigescens, Y. Pan, J. Zhang, T. Shen, Z.-T. Zuo, H. Jin, Y.-Z. Wang, W.-Y. Li

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Gentiana rigescens is a rich source of iridoids and is commonly used as a folk medicine for treatment of hepatitis and cholecystitis for over 1000 years. A rapid ultrafast liquid chromatography–ultraviolet method was developed for simultaneous determination of four major iridoid glycosides in G. rigescens. Response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design was applied to optimize the extraction conditions of iridoid glycosides. Using the Shim-Pack XR-ODS III, four iridoid glycosides were efficiently separated with an acetonitrile:0.1% formic acid aqueous solution gradient at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min for 8 minutes. All the regression equations revealed a good linear …

Go to article

New Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method For The Determination Of Irbesartan In Human Plasma, T.A. Wani, S. Zargar Jul 2020

New Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method For The Determination Of Irbesartan In Human Plasma, T.A. Wani, S. Zargar

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

With the objective of reducing analysis time and maintaining good efficiency, there has been substantial focus on high-speed chromatographic separations and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) is a preeminent analytical tool for rapid biomedical analysis. In this study a simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS method was developed and validated for quantification of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, irbesartan (IRB), in human plasma. After a simple protein precipitation using methanol and acetonitrile, IRB and internal standard (IS) telmisartan were separated on Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, i.d. 1.7 μm, Waters, Milford, MA, …

Go to article

Determination Of 20 Synthetic Dyes In Chili Powders And Syrup-Preserved Fruits By Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry, C.-F. Tsai, C.-H. Kuo, D.Y.-C. Shih Jul 2020

Determination Of 20 Synthetic Dyes In Chili Powders And Syrup-Preserved Fruits By Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry, C.-F. Tsai, C.-H. Kuo, D.Y.-C. Shih

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method is developed to simultaneously determine 20 synthetic dyes (New Coccine, Indigo Carmine, Erythrosine, Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow FCF, Fast Green FCF, Brilliant Blue FCF, Allura Red AC, Amaranth, Dimethyl Yellow, Fast Garnet GBC, Para Red, Sudan I, Sudan II, Sudan III, Sudan IV, Sudan Orange G, Sudan Red 7B, Sudan Red B, and Sudan Red G) in food samples. This method offers high sensitivity and selectivity through the selection of two fragment ion transitions under multiple reaction monitoring mode to satisfy the requirements of both quantitation and qualitation. Using LC-MS/MS, the newly developed extraction …

Go to article

Antioxidant Capacity And Bioactive Compounds Of Four Brazilian Native Fruits, C.C. Denardin, G.E. Hirsch, Rocha R.F. Da, M. Vizzotto, A.T. Henriques, J.C.F. Moreira, F.T.C.R. Guma, T. Emanuelli Jul 2020

Antioxidant Capacity And Bioactive Compounds Of Four Brazilian Native Fruits, C.C. Denardin, G.E. Hirsch, Rocha R.F. Da, M. Vizzotto, A.T. Henriques, J.C.F. Moreira, F.T.C.R. Guma, T. Emanuelli

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of extracts from araçá (Psidium cattleianum), butiá (Butia eriospatha), and pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) fruits with different flesh colors (i.e., purple, red, and orange), and blackberries (Rubus sp.; cv. Xavante and Cherokee) collected in the southern region of Brazil. The content of ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, and phenolics were determined. The profile of the phenolic compounds was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The antioxidant activity was determined using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) assay, total reactive antioxidant …

Go to article

Analysis Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles In Cosmetics, P.-J. Lu, S.-C. Huang, Y.-P. Chen, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih Jul 2020

Analysis Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles In Cosmetics, P.-J. Lu, S.-C. Huang, Y.-P. Chen, L.-C. Chiueh, D.Y.-C. Shih

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

There have been rapid increases in consumer products containing nanomaterials, raising concerns over the impact of nanoparticles (NPs) to humankind and the environment, but little information has been published about mineral filters in commercial sunscreens. It is urgent to develop methods to characterize the nanomaterials in products. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs in unmodified commercial sunscreens were characterized by laser scanning confocal microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that laser scanning confocal microscopy evaluated primary particle aggregates and dispersions but could not size NPs because of the diffraction …

Go to article

Melilotus Albus And Dorycnium Herbaceum Extracts As Source Of Phenolic Compounds And Their Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, And Antioxidant Potentials, O.D. Stefanović, J.D. Tešić, L.R. Čomić Jul 2020

Melilotus Albus And Dorycnium Herbaceum Extracts As Source Of Phenolic Compounds And Their Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, And Antioxidant Potentials, O.D. Stefanović, J.D. Tešić, L.R. Čomić

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Melilotus albus Medic. and Dorycnium herbaceum Vill. (Fabaceae) acetone, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts were investigated for their in vitro antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activity with quantification of phenolic compound contents. In general, D. herbaceum extracts showed better antibacterial and antioxidant activity than M. albus extracts. Bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis were the most susceptible with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), determined by microdilution method, between 1.25-10 mg/mL. Antifungal activity was lower with the detectable MICs at 10 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL. The plant extracts, using the crystal violet assay, inhibit P. aeruginosa …

Go to article

Rice Bran Oil Prevents Neuroleptic-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms In Rats: Possible Antioxidant Mechanisms, N. Samad Jul 2020

Rice Bran Oil Prevents Neuroleptic-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms In Rats: Possible Antioxidant Mechanisms, N. Samad

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is one of the serious side effects of long-term antipsychotic treatment. Chronic treatment with neuroleptic leads to the development of abnormal oral movements called vacuous chewing movements (VCMs). The oxidative stress hypothesis of TD is one of the possible pathophysiologic models for TD. Preclinical and clinical studies of this hypothesis indicate that neurotoxic free radical production is likely to be a consequence of antipsychotic medication and is related to occurrence of TD. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of TD. Rats chronically treated with haloperidol orally at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day for a period of …

Go to article

Evaluation Of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, And Antiulcer Properties Of Vaccinium Leschenaultii Wight: A Therapeutic Supplement, P. Nagulsamy, R. Ponnusamy, P. Thangaraj Jul 2020

Evaluation Of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, And Antiulcer Properties Of Vaccinium Leschenaultii Wight: A Therapeutic Supplement, P. Nagulsamy, R. Ponnusamy, P. Thangaraj

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In folklore systems of medicine, bilberry fruit and leaf extracts have been used for the treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery, diabetes, inflammation, and ulcer. The present study was to determine antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiulcerogenic activities of Vaccinium leschenaultii Wight leaf and fruit. The phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents of V. leschenaultii leaf and fruit were quantified and were subjected to assess their antioxidant potential using various in vitro systems such as 1, 1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging, phosphomolybdenum, and ferric reducing antioxidant power reduction activities. Based on the antioxidant potential, acetone and methanol extracts of leaf and fruit were used …

Go to article

The Effect Of Pineapple Core Fiber On Dough Rheology And The Quality Of Mantou, S.-Y. Shiau, M.-Y. Wu, Y.-L. Liu Jul 2020

The Effect Of Pineapple Core Fiber On Dough Rheology And The Quality Of Mantou, S.-Y. Shiau, M.-Y. Wu, Y.-L. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The consumption of dietary fiber offers the health benefit of lowering the risk of many chronic diseases. Pineapple core fiber (PCF) in this study was extracted and incorporated into dough and mantou (i.e., steamed bread). The effects of PCF substitution and fiber size on textural and rheological properties of dough and mantou were evaluated by a texture analyzer. The substitution of wheat flour by PCF resulted in a stiffer and less extensible dough with or without fermentation. The hardness and gumminess of mantou significantly increased as the PCF substitution increased from 0% to 15%, but the cohesiveness, specific volume, and …

Go to article

Determination Of The Concentration Of Alum Additive In Deep-Fried Dough Sticks Using Dielectric Spectroscopy, W. Kang, J. Lu, Y. Cheng, Y. Jin Jul 2020

Determination Of The Concentration Of Alum Additive In Deep-Fried Dough Sticks Using Dielectric Spectroscopy, W. Kang, J. Lu, Y. Cheng, Y. Jin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The concentration of alum additive in deep-fried dough sticks (DFDSs) was investigated using a coaxial probe method based on dielectric properties in the 0.3-10-GHz frequency range. The dielectric spectra of aqueous solutions with different concentrations of alum, sodium bicarbonate, and mixtures thereof were used. The correspondence between dielectric loss and alum concentration was thereby revealed. A steady, uniform correspondence was successfully established by introducing ω·ε″(ω), the sum of dielectric loss and conductor loss (i.e., total loss), according to the electrical conductivity of the alum-containing aqueous solutions. Specific, resonant-type dielectric dispersion arising from alum due to atomic polarization was identified around …

Go to article

Gas Chromatographic Method For The Determination Of Lumefantrine In Antimalarial Finished Pharmaceutical Products, S. Suleman, Y. Verheust, A. Dumoulin, E. Wynendaele, M. D'Hondt, K. Vandercruyssen, L. Veryser, L. Duchateau, B. De Spiegeleer Jul 2020

Gas Chromatographic Method For The Determination Of Lumefantrine In Antimalarial Finished Pharmaceutical Products, S. Suleman, Y. Verheust, A. Dumoulin, E. Wynendaele, M. D'Hondt, K. Vandercruyssen, L. Veryser, L. Duchateau, B. De Spiegeleer

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple method has been developed and validated for quantitative determination of lumefantrine in antimalarial finished pharmaceutical products using gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector. Lumefantrine was silylated with N,O-bis(trimethyl-silyl)trifluoro-acetamide at 70°C for 30 minutes, and chromatographic separation was conducted on a fused silica capillary (HP-5, 30 m length × 0.32 mm i.d., 0.25 μm film thickness) column. Evaluation of the method within analytical quality-by-design principles, including a central composite face-centered design for the sample derivatization process and Plackett-Burman robustness verification of the chromatographic conditions, indicated that the method has acceptable specificity toward excipients and degradants, accuracy [mean recovery …

Go to article

Concentrations And Solubility Of Selected Trace Metals In Leaf And Bagged Black Teas Commercialized In Poland, L. Polechońska, M. Dambiec, A. Klink, A. Rudecki Jul 2020

Concentrations And Solubility Of Selected Trace Metals In Leaf And Bagged Black Teas Commercialized In Poland, L. Polechońska, M. Dambiec, A. Klink, A. Rudecki

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of heavy metals in bagged and leaf black teas of the same brand and evaluate the percentage transfer of metals to tea infusion to assess the consumer exposure. Ten leaf black teas and 10 bagged black teas of the same brand available in Poland were analyzed for Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co, Cr, Al, and Fe concentrations both in dry material and their infusion. The bagged teas contained higher amounts of Pb, Mn, Fe, Ni, Al, and Cr compared with leaf teas of the same brand, whereas the infusions …

Go to article

Detection Of Viable Salmonella In Ice Cream By Taqman Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Combining Propidium Monoazide, Y. Wang, M. Yang, S. Liu, W. Chen, B. Suo Jul 2020

Detection Of Viable Salmonella In Ice Cream By Taqman Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Combining Propidium Monoazide, Y. Wang, M. Yang, S. Liu, W. Chen, B. Suo

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows rapid detection of Salmonella in frozen dairy products, but it might cause a false positive detection result because it might amplify DNA from dead target cells as well. In this study, Salmonella-free frozen ice cream was initially inoculated with heat-killed Salmonella Typhimurium cells and stored at -18°C. Bacterial DNA extracted from the sample was amplified using TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR targeting the invA gene. Our results indicated that DNA from the dead cells remained stable in frozen ice cream for at least 20 days, and could produce fluorescence signal for real-time PCR as well. …

Go to article

Rhodiola Plants: Chemistry And Biological Activity, H.-M. Chiang, H.-C. Chen, C.-S. Wu, P.-Y. Wu, K.-C. Wen Jul 2020

Rhodiola Plants: Chemistry And Biological Activity, H.-M. Chiang, H.-C. Chen, C.-S. Wu, P.-Y. Wu, K.-C. Wen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Rhodiola is a genus of medicinal plants that originated in Asia and Europe and are used traditionally as adaptogens, antidepressants, and anti-inflammatory remedies. Rhodiola plants are rich in polyphenols, and salidroside and tyrosol are the primary bioactive marker compounds in the standardized extracts of Rhodiola rosea. This review article summarizes the bioactivities, including adaptogenic, antifatigue, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinoception, and anticancer activities, and the modulation of immune function of Rhodiola plants and its two constituents, as well as their potential to prevent cardiovascular, neuronal, liver, and skin disorders. © 2015, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. …

Go to article

Investigation Of Impact Of Storage Conditions On Hypericum Perforatum L. Dried Total Extract, H. Koyu, M.Z. Haznedaroglu Jul 2020

Investigation Of Impact Of Storage Conditions On Hypericum Perforatum L. Dried Total Extract, H. Koyu, M.Z. Haznedaroglu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) has been widely prescribed for mild to moderate depression following the release of promising results in clinical trials. However, it is known that its constituents may be affected by milieu. The stability complexities of the constituents of H. perforatum have gained interest in recent years. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of storage conditions on H. perforatum total extract simultaneously under different storage conditions. Temperature, humidity, and light conditions were evaluated. Comparative analyses of methanol extracts were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection for chlorogenic acid, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, …

Go to article

Alleviative Effects Of Litchi (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) Flower On Lipid Peroxidation And Protein Degradation In Emulsified Pork Meatballs, Y. Ding, S.-Y. Wang, D.-J. Yang, M.-H. Chang, Y.-C. Chen Jul 2020

Alleviative Effects Of Litchi (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) Flower On Lipid Peroxidation And Protein Degradation In Emulsified Pork Meatballs, Y. Ding, S.-Y. Wang, D.-J. Yang, M.-H. Chang, Y.-C. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

To avoid or retard the lipid peroxidation of meat products, antioxidants are commonly added. Considering the safety and health of additives in meat products, consumers prefer natural antioxidants rather than synthetic ones. Gentisic acid and epicatechin were identified as the major phenolic acid and flavonoid, respectively, of litchi flowers (LFs). The physicochemical properties of pork meatballs with or without dried LF powders (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%, w/w) and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ; 0.01%, w/w) were analyzed during a 4-week frozen storage period. LF and TBHQ decreased (p < 0.05) thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values but increased (p < 0.05) thiol group contents in meatballs. LF added to meatballs improved (p < 0.05) texture and water-holding capacity (centrifugation/purge losses) more than in the control group upon the storage. Although LF powders made meatballs redder and darker (p < 0.05) than the control and TBHQ groups, they did not affect the preference of panelists. The addition of 0.5% LF powders exhibited the best (p < 0.05) overall sensory panel acceptance. LFs may be an effective natural antioxidant to reduce lipid and protein oxidation for frozen cooked meat products. © 2015, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last