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Articles 91 - 120 of 216
Full-Text Articles in Marine Biology
Subcentennial-Scale Climatic And Hydrologic Variability In The Gulf Of Mexico During The Early Holocene, Jenna M. Lodico, Benjamin P. Flower, Terrence M. Quinn
Subcentennial-Scale Climatic And Hydrologic Variability In The Gulf Of Mexico During The Early Holocene, Jenna M. Lodico, Benjamin P. Flower, Terrence M. Quinn
Marine Science Faculty Publications
An early Holocene record from the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) reveals climatic and hydrologic changes during the interval from 10.5 to 7 thousand calendar years before present from paired analyses of Mg/Ca and δ18O on foraminiferal calcite. The sea surface temperature record based on foraminiferal Mg/Ca contains six oscillations and an overall ∼1.5°C warming that appears to be similar to the September–March insolation difference. The δ18O of seawater in the GOM (δ18OGOM) record contains six oscillations, including a −0.8‰ excursion that may be associated with the “8.2 ka climate event” or a …
Evaluation Of New Grace Time-Variable Gravity Data Over The Ocean, Don P. Chambers
Evaluation Of New Grace Time-Variable Gravity Data Over The Ocean, Don P. Chambers
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Monthly GRACE gravity field models from the three science processing centers (CSR, GFZ, and JPL) are analyzed for the period from February 2003 to April 2005 over the ocean. The data are used to estimate maps of the mass component of sea level at smoothing radii of 500 km and 750 km. In addition to using new gravity field models, a filter has been applied to estimate and remove systematic errors in the coefficients that cause erroneous patterns in the maps of equivalent water level. The filter is described and its effects are discussed. The GRACE maps have been evaluated …
Cold Event In The South Atlantic Bight During Summer Of 2003: Anomalous Hydrographic And Atmospheric Conditions, Alfredo Aretxabaleta, James R. Nelson, Jack O. Blanton, Harvey E. Seim, Francisco E. Werner, John M. Bane, Robert H. Weisberg
Cold Event In The South Atlantic Bight During Summer Of 2003: Anomalous Hydrographic And Atmospheric Conditions, Alfredo Aretxabaleta, James R. Nelson, Jack O. Blanton, Harvey E. Seim, Francisco E. Werner, John M. Bane, Robert H. Weisberg
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Unusually cold seawater temperatures were observed along much of the U.S. eastern seaboard during the summer of 2003. In this study, hydrographic and atmospheric observations from spring through summer were analyzed to track the evolution of the cold water event in the South Atlantic Bight (SAB) and investigate links to various forcing mechanisms. The hydrographic observations included 13 cross‐shelf transects over the central region of the SAB, surface temperature time series from several NDBC stations, and bottom temperatures from a mid shelf mooring. Atmospheric data were obtained from NDBC stations. Additional data included water level from NOS stations and river …
Performance Evaluation Of The Self-Organizing Map For Feature Extraction, Yonggang Liu, Robert H. Weisberg, Christopher N. K. Mooers
Performance Evaluation Of The Self-Organizing Map For Feature Extraction, Yonggang Liu, Robert H. Weisberg, Christopher N. K. Mooers
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Despite its wide applications as a tool for feature extraction, the Self‐Organizing Map (SOM) remains a black box to most meteorologists and oceanographers. This paper evaluates the feature extraction performance of the SOM by using artificial data representative of known patterns. The SOM is shown to extract the patterns of a linear progressive sine wave. Sensitivity studies are performed to ascertain the effects of the SOM tunable parameters. By adding random noise to the linear progressive wave data, it is demonstrated that the SOM extracts essential patterns from noisy data. Moreover, the SOM technique successfully chooses among multiple sets of …
Reproducibility Of Geochemical And Climatic Signals In The Atlantic Coral Montastraea Faveolata, Jennifer M. Smith, Terrence M. Quinn, Kevin P. Helmle, Robert B. Halley
Reproducibility Of Geochemical And Climatic Signals In The Atlantic Coral Montastraea Faveolata, Jennifer M. Smith, Terrence M. Quinn, Kevin P. Helmle, Robert B. Halley
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Monthly resolved, 41‐year‐long stable isotopic and elemental ratio time series were generated from two separate heads of Montastraea faveolata from Looe Key, Florida, to assess the fidelity of using geochemical variations in Montastraea, the dominant reef‐building coral of the Atlantic, to reconstruct sea surface environmental conditions at this site. The stable isotope time series of the two corals replicate well; mean values of δ18O and δ13C are indistinguishable between cores (compare 0.70‰ versus 0.68‰ for δ13C and −3.90‰ versus −3.94‰ for δ18O). Mean values from the Sr/Ca time series differ by …
Observing Seasonal Steric Sea Level Variations With Grace And Satellite Altimetry, Don P. Chambers
Observing Seasonal Steric Sea Level Variations With Grace And Satellite Altimetry, Don P. Chambers
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Sea level rises and falls as the temperature and salinity of the water column varies, which is known as steric sea level. Sea level also changes as water mass is redistributed within the ocean or is added or removed. Satellite radar altimeters measure the combination of both effects, while the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) was designed to measure time variable gravity caused by movement of water mass. Theoretically, altimetry and GRACE data can be combined in order to compute the steric sea level variations. We test this by combining current GRACE and Jason 1 altimeter data and comparing …
Circulation Of Tampa Bay Driven By Buoyancy, Tides, And Winds, As Simulated Using A Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model, Robert H. Weisberg, Lianyuan Zheng
Circulation Of Tampa Bay Driven By Buoyancy, Tides, And Winds, As Simulated Using A Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model, Robert H. Weisberg, Lianyuan Zheng
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The circulation of Tampa Bay is investigated using a high-resolution, three-dimensional, density-dependent, finite volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM) that includes Tampa Bay, the intracoastal waterway, and the inner portion of the west Florida continental shelf. Model performance over the three-month interval, September to November 2001, is assessed against available tide gauge and velocity profiler data before using the model to describe the circulation as driven by rivers, tides, and winds. Because of a mean wind velocity vector directed down the estuary axis, we ran a parallel model experiment without winds to distinguish the estuarine circulation by gravitational convection from the …
Patterns Of Ocean Current Variability On The West Florida Shelf Using The Self-Organizing Map, Yonggang Liu, Robert H. Weisberg
Patterns Of Ocean Current Variability On The West Florida Shelf Using The Self-Organizing Map, Yonggang Liu, Robert H. Weisberg
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Patterns of ocean current variability are examined on the West Florida Shelf by a neural network analysis based on the self‐organizing map (SOM), using time series of moored velocity data that span the interval October 1998–September 2001. Three characteristic spatial patterns are extracted in a 3 × 4 SOM array: spatially coherent southeastward and northwestward flow patterns with strong currents and a transition pattern of weak currents. On the synoptic weather timescale the variations of these patterns are coherent with the local winds. On the seasonal timescale the variations of the patterns are coherent with both the local winds and …
Interannual And Decadal Variability Of The Western Pacific Sea Surface Condition For The Years 1787-2000: Reconstruction Based On Stable Isotope Record From A Guam Coral, Ryuji Asami, Tsutomu Yamada, Yasufumi Iryu, Terrence M. Quinn, Christopher P. Meyer, Gustav Paulay
Interannual And Decadal Variability Of The Western Pacific Sea Surface Condition For The Years 1787-2000: Reconstruction Based On Stable Isotope Record From A Guam Coral, Ryuji Asami, Tsutomu Yamada, Yasufumi Iryu, Terrence M. Quinn, Christopher P. Meyer, Gustav Paulay
Marine Science Faculty Publications
We present a monthly resolved, 213‐year stable isotope time series from a coral from Guam (13°N, 145°E), which is located on the northern edge of the western Pacific warm pool. Oxygen isotopic composition of the coral skeleton (δ18Ocoral) shows seasonal, interannual, and decadal variability, which documents significant oceanographic changes related to thermal and hydrologic variations in this region. The δ18Ocoral anomaly reflects sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly and sea surface salinity (SSS) anomaly with significant r values of −0.69 and 0.49, respectively, which are strongly linked to oceanographic changes that occur during El …
Interannual Temperature Variability In The Tropical Pacific And Lagrangian Heat Transport Pathways, C. L. Holland, Gary T. Mitchum
Interannual Temperature Variability In The Tropical Pacific And Lagrangian Heat Transport Pathways, C. L. Holland, Gary T. Mitchum
Marine Science Faculty Publications
In a previous study we found that volume variability during an El Ni (n) over tildeo-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event is well described by variations in, and redistribution of, the heat content for any given region within the tropical Pacific. In this study we use numerical model temperature and velocity fields in a Lagrangian analysis of heat content variability. These three-dimensional fields are used to examine specific warm and cool anomaly regions by computing trajectories back through time to the origins of the anomalously warm or cool water. In particular, we find that three distinct pathways are important in creating and …
Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient Of Downwelling Irradiance: An Evaluation Of Remote Sensing Methods, Zhongping Lee, Miroslaw Darecki, Kendall L. Carder, Curtiss O. Davis, Dariusz Stramski, W. Joseph Rhea
Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient Of Downwelling Irradiance: An Evaluation Of Remote Sensing Methods, Zhongping Lee, Miroslaw Darecki, Kendall L. Carder, Curtiss O. Davis, Dariusz Stramski, W. Joseph Rhea
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The propagation of downwelling irradiance at wavelength λ from surface to a depth (z) in the ocean is governed by the diffuse attenuation coefficient, (λ). There are two standard methods for the derivation of (λ) in remote sensing, which both are based on empirical relationships involving the blue‐to‐green ratio of ocean color. Recently, a semianalytical method to derive (λ) from reflectance has also been developed. In this study, using (490) and (443) as examples, we compare the (λ) values derived from the three methods using data collected in three different regions that cover oceanic and coastal waters, with …
El Nino Southern Oscillation-Related Salinity Variations Recorded In The Skeletal Geochemistry Of A Porites Coral From Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu, K. H. Kilbourne, Terrence M. Quinn, Frederick W. Taylor, Thierry Delcroix, Yves Gouriou
El Nino Southern Oscillation-Related Salinity Variations Recorded In The Skeletal Geochemistry Of A Porites Coral From Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu, K. H. Kilbourne, Terrence M. Quinn, Frederick W. Taylor, Thierry Delcroix, Yves Gouriou
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Coral skeletal geochemistry offers the potential to reconstruct the sea surface salinity (SSS) history of the tropical oceans on seasonal to interannual and perhaps centennial timescales because of the strong link between variation in SSS and seawater δ18O in tropical regions. We explore this potential using a monthly resolved, 65‐year record of skeletal δ18O and Sr/Ca variations in a Porites coral from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. We demonstrate that El Niño–Southern Oscillation–related climate variability strongly influences coral δ18O at Santo through local salinity changes associated with the position of the South Pacific Convergence Zone and …
Nitrogen Isotope Dynamics Of The Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, Robert C. Thunell, Daniel M. Sigman, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Yrene Astor, Ramon Varela
Nitrogen Isotope Dynamics Of The Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, Robert C. Thunell, Daniel M. Sigman, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Yrene Astor, Ramon Varela
Marine Science Faculty Publications
We report 15N/14N measurements of water column nitrate and ammonium, sinking particles, and sediments from the Cariaco Basin, an anoxic marine basin off the coast of Venezuela. Water column denitrification occurring in the basin has only a very small isotopic imprint on nitrate in the basin because nitrate consumption is nearly complete in the actively denitrifying water near the oxic/anoxic interface (∼275 m). Being free of a large denitrification signal, the δ15N of shallow thermocline nitrate is ∼3.5‰, significantly lower than the mean deep ocean nitrate δ15N of 5‰. This may be due …
Preliminary Observations Of Global Ocean Mass Variations With Grace, D. Chambers, J. Wahr, R Steven Nerem
Preliminary Observations Of Global Ocean Mass Variations With Grace, D. Chambers, J. Wahr, R Steven Nerem
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Monthly estimates of the Earth's gravitational field from the GRACE mission are used to construct a time‐series of global mean ocean mass variations between August 2002 and December 2003. This time‐series is compared to a mean climatology determined from satellite altimeter measurements of global mean sea level corrected for the steric variation. The GRACE observations show a seasonal exchange of water mass with the continents of the same magnitude (∼8.5 mm) and phase (maximum in early‐ to mid‐October) as the steric‐corrected altimetry. This is one of the first direct validations over the ocean of the primary GRACE science mission to …
Tide, Buoyancy, And Wind-Driven Circulation Of The Charlotte Harbor Estuary: A Model Study, Lianyuan Zheng, Robert H. Weisberg
Tide, Buoyancy, And Wind-Driven Circulation Of The Charlotte Harbor Estuary: A Model Study, Lianyuan Zheng, Robert H. Weisberg
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The circulation of the Charlotte Harbor (CH) estuary is explored with a primitive equation model that encompasses the estuary and the adjacent West Florida Shelf. Tidal forcing is from the shelf through the inlets. We use the M2, S2, K1, and O1 constituents that account for 95% of the shelf tidal variance. River inflows are by the Peace, Myakka, and Caloosahatchee Rivers at their spring 1998 mean values. Wind effects are considered for upwelling or downwelling favorable winds that are either held constant or allowed to oscillate with varying periodicities. These factors are …
Generation, Transport, And Preservation Of The Alkenone-Based U37K' Sea Surface Temperature Index In The Water Column And Sediments Of The Cariaco Basin (Venezuela), Miguel A. Goni, Mark P. Woodworth, Heather L. Aceves, Robert C. Thunell, Eric Tappa, David Black, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Yrene Astor, Ramon Varela
Generation, Transport, And Preservation Of The Alkenone-Based U37K' Sea Surface Temperature Index In The Water Column And Sediments Of The Cariaco Basin (Venezuela), Miguel A. Goni, Mark P. Woodworth, Heather L. Aceves, Robert C. Thunell, Eric Tappa, David Black, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Yrene Astor, Ramon Varela
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Alkenone fluxes in the water column of the Cariaco Basin ranged from 12 to 20 μg m−2 d−1 and were inversely related to upwelling strength. The U37K′ ratios of sinking particles varied from 0.78 to 0.96 and exhibited seasonal changes that were coherent with a 7°C variation in sea surface temperature (SST). The correlation between SST and U37K′ ratios closely overlapped with the calibration of Prahl et al. [1988]. Alkenone burial fluxes in Cariaco Basin sediments varied markedly over the past ∼6000 years, ranging from 0.2 to 5 μg m−2 d−1 …
Decadal Shifts In Biophysical Forcing Of Arctic Marine Food Webs: Numerical Consequences, John J. Walsh, Dwight A. Dieterle, Wieslaw Maslowski, Terry E. Whitledge
Decadal Shifts In Biophysical Forcing Of Arctic Marine Food Webs: Numerical Consequences, John J. Walsh, Dwight A. Dieterle, Wieslaw Maslowski, Terry E. Whitledge
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Fall case studies of three‐dimensional circulation, plankton, and benthos models explored the consequences of interannual changes in ice cover and water motion on carbon/nitrogen cycling by the end of September within the Chukchi/Beaufort Seas. The coupled model scenarios were those of reduced (greater) northward flow, colder (warmer) temperatures, and more (less) extensive ice cover over the preceding ∼60 days of August and September during the negative (positive), anticyclonic (cyclonic) phase of the Arctic Oscillation in 1980 (1989). On the inner Chukchi shelf, stronger flows in 1989 advected nitrate and silicate stocks of Pacific origin ∼130 km farther northwest toward Wrangel …
A Fossil Coral Perspective On Western Tropical Pacific Climate Similar To 350 Ka, K. H. Kilbourne, Terrence M. Quinn, F. W. Taylor
A Fossil Coral Perspective On Western Tropical Pacific Climate Similar To 350 Ka, K. H. Kilbourne, Terrence M. Quinn, F. W. Taylor
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The nature of tropical climate variability ∼350 ka is addressed using δ18O and Sr/Ca records from a modern and a fossil coral from Vanuatu (southwestern tropical Pacific Ocean). Modern El Niño events at Vanuatu produce positive coral δ18O and Sr/Ca anomalies; similar anomalies observed in the fossil coral records suggest that El Niño was operative 350 kyr ago. Seasonal variations in coral Sr/Ca, a sea surface temperature (SST) proxy, have the same amplitude in both corals, whereas seasonal δ18O variations are smaller in the fossil coral than in the modern coral. This is consistent …
Interannual Volume Variability In The Tropical Pacific, Christina L. Holland, Gary T. Mitchum
Interannual Volume Variability In The Tropical Pacific, Christina L. Holland, Gary T. Mitchum
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The question of whether or not the volume of the tropical Pacific changes over the course of an El Niño event has potentially important consequences for our understanding of the dynamical mechanisms responsible for El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. In this study, we examine the volume variability of the tropical Pacific, defined as the areal integral of the sea surface height variability, using TOPEX/Poseidon altimetric sea surface heights and the output of a numerical model. We find that volume gradually builds up in the tropical Pacific prior to a typical ENSO event and rapidly decreases during the event due to …
Large Scale Ocean Circulation From The Grace Ggm01 Geoid, B. D. Tapley, D. Chambers, S. Bettadpur, J. C. Ries
Large Scale Ocean Circulation From The Grace Ggm01 Geoid, B. D. Tapley, D. Chambers, S. Bettadpur, J. C. Ries
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The GRACE Gravity Model 01 (GGM01), computed from 111 days of GRACE K-band ranging (KBR) data, is differenced from a global mean sea surface (MSS) computed from a decade of satellite altimetry to determine a mean dynamic ocean topography (DOT). As a test of the GGM01 gravity model, large-scale zonal and meridional surface geostrophic currents are computed from the topography and are compared with those derived from a mean hydrographic surface. Reduction in residual RMS between the two by 30–60% (and increased correlation) indicates that the GGM01 geoid represents a dramatic improvement over older geoid models, which were developed from …
Ocean Observer Study: A Proposed National Asset To Augment The Future U. S. Operational Satellite System, John D. Cunningham, Don P. Chambers, Curtiss O. Davis, Andrew Gerber, Rosalind Hetz, James P. Mcguire, William Pichel
Ocean Observer Study: A Proposed National Asset To Augment The Future U. S. Operational Satellite System, John D. Cunningham, Don P. Chambers, Curtiss O. Davis, Andrew Gerber, Rosalind Hetz, James P. Mcguire, William Pichel
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The next generation of U.S. polar orbiting environmental satellites, are now under development. These satellites, jointly developed by the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of Commerce (DOC), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), will be known as the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). It is expected that the first of these satellites will be launched in 2010. NPOESS has been designed to meet the operational needs of the U.S. civilian meteorological, environmental, climatic, and space environmental remote sensing programs, and the Global Military Space and Geophysical Environmental remote sensing programs. This system, however, did not …
Phytoplankton Response To Intrusions Of Slope Water On The West Florida Shelf: Models And Observations, John J. Walsh, Robert H. Weisberg, Dwight A. Dieterle, Ruoying He, Brian P. Darrow, Jason K. Jolliff, Kristen M. Lester, Gabriel A. Vargo, Gary J. Kirkpatrick, Kent A. Fanning, Tracy T. Sutton, Ann E. Jochens, Douglas C. Biggs, Bisman Nababan, Chuanmin Hu, Frank E. Muller-Karger
Phytoplankton Response To Intrusions Of Slope Water On The West Florida Shelf: Models And Observations, John J. Walsh, Robert H. Weisberg, Dwight A. Dieterle, Ruoying He, Brian P. Darrow, Jason K. Jolliff, Kristen M. Lester, Gabriel A. Vargo, Gary J. Kirkpatrick, Kent A. Fanning, Tracy T. Sutton, Ann E. Jochens, Douglas C. Biggs, Bisman Nababan, Chuanmin Hu, Frank E. Muller-Karger
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Previous hypotheses had suggested that upwelled intrusions of nutrient‐rich Gulf of Mexico slope water onto the West Florida Shelf (WFS) led to formation of red tides of Karenia brevis. However, coupled biophysical models of (1) wind‐ and buoyancy‐driven circulation, (2) three phytoplankton groups (diatoms, K. brevis, and microflagellates), (3) these slope water supplies of nitrate and silicate, and (4) selective grazing stress by copepods and protozoans found that diatoms won in one 1998 case of no light limitation by colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The diatoms lost to K. brevis during another CDOM case of the models. In …
Local And Deep-Ocean Forcing Contributions To Anomalous Water Properties On The West Florida Shelf, Robert H. Weisberg, Ruoying He
Local And Deep-Ocean Forcing Contributions To Anomalous Water Properties On The West Florida Shelf, Robert H. Weisberg, Ruoying He
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Material property distributions on continental shelves result from the mixing and modifications of estuarine and deep-ocean source waters. How this occurs depends on the momentum and buoyancy that are input either locally on the shelf or from the deep-ocean at the shelf break. We address this question of local versus deep-ocean forcing for the West Florida Shelf (WFS) using in situ data and a numerical circulation model. The spring and summer seasons of 1998 and 1999 show distinctively different water properties on the shelf and at the shelf break. We account for these differences by a combination of local forcing, …
Millennial- To Century-Scale Variability In Gulf Of Mexico Holocene Climate Records, R. Z. Poore, H. J. Dowsett, S. Verardo, Terrence M. Quinn
Millennial- To Century-Scale Variability In Gulf Of Mexico Holocene Climate Records, R. Z. Poore, H. J. Dowsett, S. Verardo, Terrence M. Quinn
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Proxy records from two piston cores in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) provide a detailed (50–100 year resolution) record of climate variability over the last 14,000 years. Long‐term (millennial‐scale) trends and changes are related to the transition from glacial to interglacial conditions and movement of the average position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) related to orbital forcing. The δ18O of the surface‐dwelling planktic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber show negative excursions between 14 and 10.2 ka (radiocarbon years) that reflect influx of meltwater into the western GOM during melting of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The relative abundance of the …
Chlorophyll Dispersal By Eddy-Eddy Interactions In The Gulf Of Mexico, M. Toner, A. D. Kirwan, A. C. Poje, L. H. Kantha, Frank E. Muller-Karger, C. K. R. T. Jones
Chlorophyll Dispersal By Eddy-Eddy Interactions In The Gulf Of Mexico, M. Toner, A. D. Kirwan, A. C. Poje, L. H. Kantha, Frank E. Muller-Karger, C. K. R. T. Jones
Marine Science Faculty Publications
A Lagrangian analysis of the transport and dispersal of plumes observed in satellite‐derived ocean color images was conducted using a data‐assimilating model of the Gulf of Mexico. The interaction between pervasive cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies in the Gulf generated advective paths that connect remote shelf regions. These paths aligned remarkably well with the plume events recorded with the chlorophyll‐a ocean color product from SeaWiFS. Two such events were studied. In one event material was transported in a thin strip between the northern wall of the Loop Current and an adjacent cyclone, connecting the eastern Campheche shelf (off the Yucatan Peninsula) …
A Loop Current Intrusion Case Study On The West Florida Shelf, Ruoying He, Robert H. Weisberg
A Loop Current Intrusion Case Study On The West Florida Shelf, Ruoying He, Robert H. Weisberg
Marine Science Faculty Publications
The Gulf of Mexico Loop Current intruded upon the West Florida continental shelf in June 2000. In situ currents and hydrography along with satellite temperature and altimetry measurements are used to describe this event and its effects on the shelf. A strong southward current is observed to flow along the shelf slope seaward of the intruded water boundary. This current transported cold, nutrient-rich water from the north, thereby producing anomalous hydrographic features near the shelf break (80-m isobath). An array of moored velocity profilers reveals that the currents landward of the intruded water are independent of the Loop Current and …
Surface And Deep Ocean Circulation In The Subpolar North Atlantic During The Mid-Pleistocene Revolution, Amy K. Wright, Benjamin P. Flower
Surface And Deep Ocean Circulation In The Subpolar North Atlantic During The Mid-Pleistocene Revolution, Amy K. Wright, Benjamin P. Flower
Marine Science Faculty Publications
We investigated surface and deep ocean variability in the subpolar North Atlantic from 1000 to 500 thousand years ago (ka) based on two Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites, Feni drift site 980 (55°29′N, 14°42′W) and Bjorn drift site 984 (61°25′N, 24°04′W). Benthic foraminiferal stable isotope data, planktic foraminiferal faunas, ice‐rafted debris data, and faunally based sea‐surface temperature estimates help test the hypothesis that oceanographic changes in the North Atlantic region were associated with the onset of the 100‐kyr world during the mid‐Pleistocene revolution. Based on percentage of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s) records from both sites, surface waters during interglacials and glacials …
A Multiproxy Approach To Reconstructing Sea Surface Conditions Using Coral Skeleton Geochemistry, Terrence M. Quinn, Daniel E. Sampson
A Multiproxy Approach To Reconstructing Sea Surface Conditions Using Coral Skeleton Geochemistry, Terrence M. Quinn, Daniel E. Sampson
Marine Science Faculty Publications
[1] We use elemental ratio (Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, U/Ca and Ba/Ca) and oxygen isotope data from a Porites lutea coral head collected from offshore Amedee Island, New Caledonia (22degrees29'S, 166degrees28'E) to assess the degree to which changes in these geochemical variables reflect variations in sea surface conditions. We have assessed the robustness of each geochemical proxy by comparing 25 years (1992-1968) of monthly geochemical variations with a local record of sea surface temperature (SST) and with the appropriate 1degrees by 1degrees grid box from a global gridded SST data set. We conclude from our comparison that the most consistent proxies of …
West Florida Shelf Response To Local Wind Forcing: April 1998, Robert H. Weisberg, Zhenjiang Li, Frank E. Muller-Karger
West Florida Shelf Response To Local Wind Forcing: April 1998, Robert H. Weisberg, Zhenjiang Li, Frank E. Muller-Karger
Marine Science Faculty Publications
We compare west Florida shelf velocity and sea level data with a model simulation for April 1998. Responses for three upwelling and three downwelling favorable wind events are documented. Along-shelf jets accompanied by oppositely directed upper and lower layer across-shelf flows (with connecting vertical velocity) comprise the fully three-dimensional inner shelf responses, which are sensitive to stratification. With an initial density field representative of April 1998 the model simulates velocity and sea level variations in general agreement with the observations, whereas substantial mismatches occur without stratification. Despite the winds being the primary motive agent for the inner shelf the stratification …
Ocean Circulation Influences On Sea Surface Temperature In The Equatorial Central Pacific, Chunzai Wang, Robert H. Weisberg
Ocean Circulation Influences On Sea Surface Temperature In The Equatorial Central Pacific, Chunzai Wang, Robert H. Weisberg
Marine Science Faculty Publications
Velocity data from an array of acoustic Doppler current profilers moored about 0°, 140°W from May 1990 through June 1991 during the Tropical Instability Wave Experiment are used in conjunction with Tropical Atmosphere‐Ocean array data and a blended sea surface temperature (SST) product to study the processes that control SST variations. The horizontal velocity data allow us to calculate the vertical velocity component by vertically integrating the continuity equation. Given the three‐dimensional temperature flux divergence, we examine the role of the ocean circulation in SST. Upwelling and downwelling are found to be associated with cooling and warming, respectively, suggesting that …