Forest Sciences Commons^™

The Performance Of Melolontha Grubs On The Roots Of Various Plant Species, Lidia Sukovata, Tomasz Jaworski, Piotr Karolewski, Andrzej Kolk

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Melolontha grubs are polyphagous and are adapted to feeding on plants of varying nutritional value. Our research sought to investigate whether host plant quality affects first-instar grub development, weight gain, or mortality. Ten plant taxa of the families Polygonaceae, Brassicaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Pinaceae were tested. The quality of each plant species was estimated based on the root content of phenols, condensed tannins, soluble sugars, starch, nitrogen, and carbon. Retarded development, high mortality, and low weight gain were observed in grubs feeding on roots of Fagopyrum esculentum, Brassica rapa subsp. rapifera, and B. napus, whereas Tanacetum vulgare, Trifolium repens, and …

Effects On Growth Of Persimmon (Diospyros Virginiana) Rootstock Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Species, Meral İncesu, Turgut Yeşi̇loğlu, Berken Çi̇men, Bi̇lge Yilmaz, Çağdaş Akpinar, İbrahi̇m Ortaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) is grown in many parts of the world that display subtropical climate conditions, including Turkey. There are 2 common rootstocks used in its production: D. kaki and D. virginiana Thunb. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), a symbiosis between plant roots and members of an ancient phylum of fungi, Glomeromycota, improves root development, water supply, and nutrients such as phosphate and zinc in the host plant. In this study, the effects of 5 AM fungi species (Glomus mosseae, G. clarium, G. etunicatum, G. caledonium, and G. intraradices) on plant growth, chlorophyll concentration, and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv'/Fm') in D. virginiana …

The Prediction Of Iron Contents In Orchards Using Vnir Spectroscopy, Levent Başayi̇ği̇t, Mert Dedeoğlu, Hüseyi̇n Akgül

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study investigated the possibility of determining iron deficiency in orchard leaves using visible/near-infrared methods. Sampling was performed in 24 different healthy orchards (apple, cherry, and peach trees) grouped depending on the severity of iron deficiency. The study was conducted on a total of 120 plant samples including 40 apple, 40 cherry, and 40 peach trees. Spectral reflectance of leaves was measured with a FieldSpec HandHeld spectroradiometer (ASD Inc.) using a plant probe and a leaf clip. Total and active iron contents of leaves in the same samples were determined. Derivative graphs were drawn for the measured spectral curves. Stepwise …

Effects Of Seeding Rates On Competition Indices Of Barley And Vetch Intercropping Systems In The Eastern Mediterranean, Şaban Yilmaz, Ali̇ Özel, Mehmet Atak, Mustafa Erayman

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Forage mixtures are common agricultural practices for the energy and protein needs of animals. In this study, common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixtures in different seeding rates were investigated in terms of forage yield and quality. In order to evaluate the effect of vetch, cereal intercropping and the competition/economic indices of 8 different legume-barley mixtures, along with their pure stands, were assessed during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 growth seasons in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. The field experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design with 3 replications …

Comparison Of Pulping And Bleaching Behaviors Of Some Agricultural Residues, Sai̇m Ateş, İlhan Deni̇z, Hüseyi̇n Kirci, Celi̇l Ati̇k, Onur Tolga Okan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The present study determines the characteristics of bleaching and beating of annual plants and agricultural waste, which constitute important raw material potential for the pulp and paper industry in Turkey. It also examines the effects of this process on several paper properties. Firstly, chemical contents are determined for each raw material and then evaluated for use in the pulp and paper industry. All raw materials studied are found to be suitable for use in the pulp and paper industry, according to the determined chemical content. Secondly, pulp with different properties is obtained and subsequently pretreated with the enzyme xylanase. It …

Stand Productivity, Carbon Content, And Soil Nutrients In Different Stand Ages Of Acacia Mangium In Sarawak, Malaysia, King Ling Lee, Kian Huat Ong, Patricia Jie Hung King, John Keen Chubo, Dennis Shan An Su

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Land degradation and declining soil fertility challenge the productivity of forest plantations. Changes in soil properties could act as indicators for monitoring forest plantation management and productivity. This study highlights changes in soil properties and stand productivity over time (1, 3, and 5 years) in an Acacia mangium plantation in Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. Soil pH, total N concentration, and available P were found to decline significantly with stand age. Significant differences were observed between soil organic C for different stand ages, with the youngest stand showing the highest C. The study showed that the current A. mangium plantation was able …

Molecular Cloning Of Bnzep And Its Expression In Petals Of Different Colors Inbrassica Napus L., Jun Jiang, Lushen Tian, Shixing Guo, Qingqing Yu, Dezhi Zeng, Yingze Niu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

C?????arotenoids are a class of pigment elements present in photosynthetic organisms. T??he transcripts of specific carotenoid biosynthetic genes are probably important for the formation of different colors of flower petals. Zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) enzyme activity is important for the high content of carotenoids in petals. In the present study, the zeaxanthin epoxidase gene in Brassica napus L. (BnZEP) was cloned and bioinformatically analyzed. The expression levels of the BnZEP gene in different plant organs and petals of different colors were investigated and compared in B. Napus. The results showed that the full-length cDNA sequence of BnZEP was 2228 bp, containing …

Genetic Diversity And Chemical Characterization Of Selected Polish And Russian Cultivars And Clones Of Blue Honeysuckle (Lonicera Caerulea), Elzbieta Kaczmarska, Jacek Gawronski, Magdalena Dyduch-Sieminska, Agnieszka Najda, Wojciech Marecki, Jadwiga Zebrowska

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In traditional medicine, Lonicera caerulea has a notable place, and it has been used for thousands of years in East Asian countries for treating cancer, inflammation, hepatic complications, influenza, and wounds. However, the molecular and chemical characterization of this plant is not well defined. In this study, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to determine the genetic variability of 7 blue honeysuckle cultivars and 3 clones. To characterize these 10 accessions, total flavonoids, phenolic acids contents, and antioxidant activities were estimated. Twelve primers generated 101 polymorphic ISSR-polymerase chain reaction bands. Based on the ISSR amplification profiles, a cluster dendrogram …

Cytoplasmic-Nuclear Variation In A Diversity-Fixed Foundation Set Ofbrassica Juncea (L.) Czern & Coss., Javed Akhatar, Nitin Kumar, Chhaya Atri, Surinder Singh Banga

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A core subset of genetically fixed lines was selected through stratified sampling to represent the allelic variations within Brassica juncea gene pools. It included germplasm accessions from India, China, and Australia, as well as B. Juncea introgression lines carrying alien genetic variation and/or cytoplasm from wild crucifers, namely Diplotaxis cardaminoides, Diplotaxis tenuisiliqua, and Erucastrum abyssinicum. The aim of the study was to infer the influence of underlying cytoplasm on population structure and trait variation. Molecular characterization using nuclear SSR markers (158) and chloroplast SSR markers (9) revealed interesting germplasm patterns and trait variations. Diversity groups obtained using distance-based clustering were …

Partial Characterization And Development Of Sensitive And Reliablediagnostic For The Detection Of Cucumber Mosaic Virus, Shahanavaj Khan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A survey on Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was conducted on 21 banana orchards in three bananas producing states: Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh. Sampling was done during winter and autumn and all samples were initially examined for the presence of CMV using DAS-ELISA. Out of 300 tested samples, the presence of CMV was observed in 13. The lowest rate of infection was determined in Uttar Pradesh followed by Maharashtra, while high infections were observed in samples from Karnataka. Three CMV infected samples represented in each state were amplified through RT-PCR using the movement protein (MP) gene specific primers and cloned …

Transcriptome Characterization And Large-Scale Identification Of Ssr/Snpmarkers In Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Crop Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.), Sundan Suresh, Tae-Sung Kim, Sebastin Raveendar, Joon-Hyeong Cho, Jung Yoon Yi, Myung Chul Lee, Sok-Young Lee, Hyung-Jin Baek, Gyu-Taek Cho, Jong Wook Chung

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

We used 454 sequencing technology for faba bean transcriptome, which yielded 29.61 Mb sequence data. A total of 81,333 raw sequence reads were obtained and assembled by de novo sequence assembly. The contig distributions in three nonmutually exclusive gene ontology classifications and clusters of orthologous gene classes were assigned, which were also used to identify genes related to nitrogen fixation. Furthermore, a set of 1729 reads with simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs were identified. Subsets of 55 SSR primer pairs were selected to validate SSR marker assay. Fifty-five primer pairs were used to amplify from one or more of the …

Identification Of Expressed Resistance Gene Analog Sequences In Coconut Leaf Transcriptome And Their Evolutionary Analysis, Muliyar Krishna Rajesh, Kaitheri Edathil Rachana, Sudalaimuthu Asari Naganeeswaran, Rahman Shafeeq, Regi Jacob Thomas, Mohammed Shareefa, Babu Merin, Karun Anitha

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Coconut, an important crop of the tropics and subtropics, is susceptible to a variety of diseases and enhancing disease resistance has been the major goal of coconut breeding programs all over the world. Information on the presence and distribution of disease resistance ® genes, which play a primary role in the detection of pathogens and the initiation of specific plant defenses, is scarce in coconut. In this study, RNA-Seq was used to generate the transcriptome of leaf samples of coconut root (wilt) disease-resistant cultivar Chowghat Green Dwarf. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis identified 243 resistance gene analog (RGA) sequences, comprising 6 classes …

Sources Of Genetic Resistance In Maize To Fusarium Stalk Rot Andtheir Variations At Molecular Level, Sajjad Hussain Qureshi, Abdul Qayyum, Will Fiers

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Identifying the resistant genotypes is one of the vital strategies to control Fusarium stalk rot disease in maize. Fifty accessions of maize germplasm were evaluated for resistance to stalk rot caused by Fusarium verticillioides at the Maize and Millet Research Institute, Yousafwala, Pakistan, during the spring and autumn of 2010, and their genetic variations were also studied at the molecular level to avoid environmental effects in the Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, USA. Disease severity was calculated in the field using a severity scale (SS) and direct estimation of stalk discoloration (SD) by artificial inoculation method. Both SS …

Effects Of Different Bud Loads And Irrigations Applied At Different Leaf Water Potential Levels On Kalecik Karası Grape Variety, Serpi̇l Tangolar, Semi̇h Tangolar, Sevi̇lay Topçu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Study On The Expression Of Dehydrin Genes And Activities Of Antioxidativeenzymes In Floral Buds Of Two Sand Pear (Pyrus Pyrifolia Nakai) Cultivarsrequiring Different Chilling Hours For Bud Break, Sayed Hussain, Guoqin Liu, Dongfen Liu, Maqsood Ahmed, Nazim Hussain, Yuanwen Teng

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Accessions Through Retrotransposon-Based Interprimer Binding Sites (Ipbss) Markers, Seda Nemli̇, Tala Kianoosh, Muhammed Bahatti̇n Tanyolaç

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important crop throughout the world and is highly recommended for many developing countries due to its nutritional components. A retrotransposon-based DNA marker system, interprimer binding sites (iPBSs), developed from reverse transcriptase primer binding sites, was used to determine genetic diversity in common bean accessions. The genetic polymorphism and effectiveness of the marker system were evaluated. A total of 180 polymorphic bands were detected using 47 iPBS primers among 67 common bean accessions, with an average of 4 polymorphic fragments per primer. The genetic similarity between accessions was calculated using the software NTSYS-pc …

Responses Of Apple Tree Cultivars To Drought: Carbohydrate Composition In The Leaves, Eszter Nemeskéri, Eszter Kovács-Nagy, József Nyéki, Éva Sárdi

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Construction Of Dense Genetic Linkage Maps Of Apple Cultivars Kaşel-41and Williams' Pride By Simple Sequence Repeat Markers, Elmira Ziya Motalebipour, Sali̇h Kafkas, Şeri̇f Özongun, Ayşe Ni̇lgün Atay

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Impact Of Azadirachtin Application To Soil On Ureaseactivity And Its Kinetic Parameters, Ridvan Kizilkaya, Iraida Samofalova, Natalya Mudrykh, Fari̇z Mi̇kai̇lsoy, İzzet Akça, Svetlana Sushkova, Tatiana Minkina

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Variation In Amino Acid And Phenolic Compound Profiles Of Three Turkish White Wine Grapes, Mustafa Ümi̇t Ünal, Aysun Şener, Kemal Şen, Murat Yilmazteki̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

The Antioxidant Capacity And Macroelement Content Of Several Onion Cultivars, Jiri Mlcek, Magdalena Valsikova, Helena Druzbikova, Pavel Ryant, Tunde Jurikova, Jiri Sochor, Marie Borkovcova

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Yield, Quality, And Growing Degree Days Of Anise (Pimpinella Anisum L.)Under Different Agronomic Practices, Ni̇met Kara

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

No abstract provided.

Árboles En Acción Para Las Islas

Working Trees (USDA-NAC)

Árboles en acción para las islas.

La agroforestería se ha aplicado por siglos en las islas del Pacífico y del Caribe, proveyendo múltiples usos en sistemas de manejo bien desarroll ados.

Two Hundred Years Of Forest Change: Effects Of Urbanization On Tree Species Composition And Structure, Rebecca W. Dolan

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Despite their importance, the dynamics of urban floras are not well understood and quantitative historical data are rare. The current study used three data sets for trees in Indianapolis/Marion County, Indiana, U.S., to document change over 200 years to the original beech-maple forest and to examine future implications of contemporary tree planting efforts in light of these changes. Data on tree composition and size collected before significant settlement in the early 1800s are compared with recent surveys of trees in remnant natural areas and with trees found on city streets and rights-of-way. All the species recorded in historical surveys are …

Amphibian And Small Mammal Assemblages In A Northern Virginia Forest Before And After Defoliation By Gypsy Moths (Lymantria Dispar), Joseph C. Mitchell

Virginia Journal of Science

The introduced European gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) caused substantial defoliation and mortality of oak trees along the North Fork of Quantico Creek in Prince William Forest Park, Prince William County, Virginia, U.S.A., in 1989 and the early 1990s. Results of a drift fence/pitfall study conducted in 1988 were compared to those obtained from the same technique in the same areas in 1993 to elucidate whether the amphibian and small mammal assemblages had changed over time. Number of Lithobates sylvaticus increased significantly in 1993, but the numbers of Lithobates clamitans and Plethodon cinereus were significantly higher in 1988. Total …

Kentucky Forestry Economic Impact Report 2014, Jeff Stringer, Billy Thomas, Bobby Ammerman, Alison Davis

Kentucky Forestry Economic Impact Reports

Forests cover one-half of Kentucky and provide a wide range of benefits to the commonwealth. One of the most notable benefits is the economic contribution that we gain from the utilization of timber and wood resources. Analysis of Kentucky’s forest and wood industries in 2014 indicated an estimated direct economic impact of $8.3 billion (up 4.4% from 2013). These industries employed over 28,200 individuals. Total economic impacts were estimated at $12.8 billion and 57,700 jobs in 2014. Kentucky is one of the leading producers of hardwood forest products in the south and exports wood products across the nation and the …

Decadal Scale Responses Of Soil And Ecosystem Processes To Forest Restoration In Rocky Mountain Conifer Forests, Peter Ganzlin

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Decades of fire suppression have left much of the forest in the intermountain western United States exceedingly dense, and forest restoration techniques – including thinning and prescribed fire – are increasingly being used in an attempt to mitigate the potentially disastrous effects of severe wildfire, to enhance tree growth and regeneration, and to stimulate soil nutrient cycling. While many of the short-term effects of forest restoration have been established, the long-term effects on soil biogeochemical and ecosystem processes are largely unknown. In this thesis I present two manuscripts documenting and synthesizing these long-term impacts. The first chapter focuses on the …

Bamboo Harvesting For Household Income Generation In The Ethiopian Highlands: Current Conditions And Management Challenges, Bridget L. Tinsley

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Bamboo is a renewable resource that has been advocated as a means to alleviate poverty and foster rural development throughout the world. Ethiopia holds 67% of continental Africa’s bamboo coverage and is gaining interest by international markets. Despite great speculation about Ethiopia’s bamboo market potential, foundational information regarding household utilization and income reliance is lacking. To understand how bamboo contributes to rural Ethiopian households, a quantitative household assessment was undertaken in this study. A questionnaire census collected data from 371 households. A quantitative assessment of household incomes and assets evaluated what factors influence bamboo harvesting.

The contribution of bamboo to …

Elevated Atmospheric Temperature And Co2 Altered The Growth, Carbon, And Nitrogen Distribution And The Rhizosphere Properties Of Platanus Occidentalis L. Seedlings, Venecio U. Ultra Jr., Sim-Hee Han

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of elevated atmospheric temperature and CO2 on the growth and plant carbon and nitrogen allocation of Platanus occidentalis L. and their influence on rhizosphere and soil microbial properties were evaluated through a rhizobag experiment in an environmentally controlled chamber. Seedlings of P. occidentalis L. were established in the central compartment of a rhizobag filled with forest soil and exposed to four treatment combinations (control (25 °C, 400 μmol mol-1 CO2), T2 (30 °C, 400 μmol mol-1 CO2), T3 (25 °C, 800 μmol mol-1 CO2), and T4 (30 °C, 800 μmol mol-1 CO2)) for 20 weeks. Elevated temperature and …

Evaluation Of Pyrosequencing For Large-Scale Identificationof Plant Species (Grasses As A Model), Nadia Haider

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Grasses (Poaceae) are among the most important and widely cultivated plants. Identification of grass species using morphological characters is a difficult task for nonspecialists, and it is not always an accurate method. DNA-based molecular markers have been widely used as an alternative towards more accurate identification of plant species. The molecular method that can be effective for large-scale identification of grass species, however, must satisfy requirements for specific amplification of DNA and reveal enough variability to distinguish species. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of pyrosequencing to detect SNP polymorphisms for an optimal discrimination of grass …