Food Science Commons^™

The Ability Of Households In Southeast Louisiana Eligible For The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program To Meet The Food Recommendations Of The 2010 Dietary Guidelines For Americans, Alicia Rodriguez

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Hyperspectral Imaging For The Detection Of Microbial Spoilage Of Mushrooms, Edurne Gaston, Jesus Maria Frias, Patrick Cullen, Colm O’Donnell, Aoife Gowen

Conference papers

Brown blotch, caused by pathogenic Pseudomonas tolaasii, is the most problematic bacterial disease in Agaricus bisporus mushrooms; it reduces their consumer appeal in the market place, thus generating important economical losses worldwide. The mushroom industry is in need of fast and accurate evaluation methodologies to ensure that only high quality produce reaches the market. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a non-destructive technique that combines imaging and spectroscopy to obtain spatial and spectral information from an object. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Vis-NIR HSI to identify microbiological damage in mushrooms and to discriminate it from …

Adaptation And Validation Of Existing Analytical Methods For Monitoring Prebiotics Present In Different Types Of Processed Food Matrices, Pei Tze Ang

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Interest in resistant starch (RS) as a prebiotic is increasing due to its putative impacts on the gastrointestinal microbiome and thus colon health. Application of RS as a food ingredient is also increasing because of its unique functionality. However, a major obstacle when correlating RS containing food systems to the potential health benefits is the discrepancy in the analytical tests applied and  the limitations of those methods used throughout the literature. Therefore, the Megazyme resistant starch assay was adapted and developed to monitor RS present in different types of products commonly consumed in the United States, including an extruded ready-to-eat …

The Antimicrobial Activity Of Cold Pressed Terpeneless Valencia Orange Oil At Cold Temperatures, Sean Jeffrey Pendleton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This research was undertaken to identify an antimicrobial for use during chilling in beef processing, including periods of temperature abuse, as well as to evaluate membrane filtration as means to remove essential oils from bacteria to prevent further antibacterial action. Cold pressed terpeneless Valencia orange oil was examined in combination with various temperatures (37°C, 10°C, and 4°C) to determine its antimicrobial activity against various strains of bacteria. The strains were tested using a ninety-six well microtiter plate method, with or without membrane filtration. The compound 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride was used as a growth indicator. Serial, two fold dilutions …

Effects Of Malting And Fermentation On The Composition And Functionality Of Sorghum Flour, Onesmo N.O. Mella

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Sorghum is an ancient crop grown almost everywhere in the world and used for different purposes. In the U.S, and other developed countries, sorghum is used largely for animal feeding.  In developing countries, especially in Africa and Asia, it is used primarily as human food.

Sorghum is a dependable food crop in Tanzania and its production and use ranks second after maize. Different traditional methods including malting and fermentation have been used in addition to decorticating and milling to process sorghum for the purpose of providing diverse materials. However, sorghum has major drawbacks of poor starch and protein digestibilities that …

Extraction Of Bioactive Compounds From Whole Red Cabbage And Beetroot Using Pulsed Electric Fields And Evaluation Of Their Functionality, Valli Kannan

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Application of high voltage pulsed electric fields (PEF) to plant tissues increases porosity of the plant cells, enhancing juice extraction from fruits and vegetables. Red cabbage and beetroot are rich sources of bioactive compounds anthocyanins and betalains, respectively. Pulsed electric field (red cabbage: 1 kV/cm electric field strength, 0.66 µF and 20 pulses; red beets: 1.5 kV/cm electric field strength, 0.66 µF and 20 pulses) was applied to whole red cabbage and beetroot to enhance juice extraction. Total polyphenols, anthocyanins (red cabbage), betalains (beetroot) and total antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH) of the extracted juice was determined. The bioactivity of …

Analysis Of Rice Blast Resistance Genes In The National Small Grains Collection (Nsgc), Moytri Roychowdhury

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Identification of blast resistance genes in rice germplasm is one of the most important activities of rice breeding programs in worldwide. The objective of this research was to characterize two major blast resistance genes, Pi-z and Pi-b, in selected rice germplasm. A simple sequence repeat DNA marker, AP5659-1 linked to the Pi-z gene, and a Pib dominant marker derived from the Pi-b gene were first used to screen a rice core collection consisting of 1700 accessions estimated to represent 70% of the genetic diversity of rice in the US National Small Grains Collection. There were 131 rice germplasm accessions with …

Characterization Of Polyphenolics In Cranberry Juice And Co-Products, Brittany Lynn White

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Historically, cranberry juice has been consumed to prevent urinary tract infections. These and other health benefits, including reduced risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease, are believed to be due to the presence of polyphenolics, specifically flavonoids. Cranberry pomace is the by-product of cranberry processing which consists of seeds and skins. This research focuses primarily on the effects of processing on the flavonoid composition of cranberries and cranberry pomace. First, the concentration of flavonoids during juice processing was evaluated. It was determined that anthocyanins were degraded readily compared to other flavonoids, and a significant amount of flavonoids were retained in the …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of The Utah County Fit Wic Program, Elizabeth R. Nixon

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Childhood overweight and obesity is a growing problem across America. Public health interventions are needed to help address this problem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of the Utah County Fit WIC Program – which was initiated to address the needs of children who are overweight or at-risk of overweight based on Body Mass Index (BMI)-for-age.

Data was collected over the course of one year to examine associations between discussion of child’s weight and goal setting with parent(s)/caregiver(s) and changes in participants’ (n=167) BMI-for-age. The mean BMI-for-age decreased for participants studied across a one …

Microbiological, Thermal Inactivation, And Sensory Characteristics Of Beef Eye-Of-Round Subprimals And Steaks Processed With High-Pressure Needleless Injection, Laura Kahealani Jefferies

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

High-pressure needleless injection (HPNI) is a process where small-diameter, high-velocity burst of liquid, penetrate foods at pressures ≤ 10,000 psi. The potential of HPNI as an enhancing technique for meat was studied. In study 1, HPNI translocated surface E. coli O157 into the interior of beef eye-of-round subprimals with an incidence of 40 (±7), 25 (±8), and 25 (±8)% for meat that had been surface-inoculated with a four-strain cocktail at 0.5, 1, and 2 log₁₀ CFU/cm², respectively. Run-off water contained 2, 2, and 3 log₁₀ CFU/ml and was used for HPNI of additional subprimals, which resulted …

Development Of A Beef Flavor Lexicon And Its Application To Compare Flavor Profiles And Consumer Acceptance Of Grain- And Pasture-Finished Cattle, Curtis A.J. Maughan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Flavor lexicons are used in sensory evaluation to determine the flavor profile of a food product. The objective of this study was to develop a flavor lexicon for cooked beef, which can then be used in various projects relating to beef quality such as studies investigating animal diet, marinating, ageing, or other enhancements. A descriptive panel of 10 people was used to develop a flavor lexicon of 18 attributes, including astringent, barny, bloody, brothy, browned, gamey, grassy, juicy, fatty, livery, metallic, oxidized, roast beef, and the five basic tastes (bitter, salty, sour, sweet, and umami). In contrast to other studies …

Optimisation Of Accelerated Solvent Extraction Of Antioxidant Compounds From Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.), Marjoram (Origanum Majorana L.) And Oregano (Origanum Vulgare L.) Using Response Surface Methodology, M. Hossain, Catherine Barry-Ryan, Ana Belen Martin-Diana, N. Brunton

Articles

The present study optimised the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) conditions (Dionex ASE® 200, USA) to maximise the antioxidant capacity of the extracts from three spices of Lamiaceae family; rosemary, oregano and marjoram. Optimised conditions with regard to extraction temperature (66–129 °C) and solvent concentration (32–88% methanol) were identified using response surface methodology (RSM). For all three spices results showed that 129 °C was the optimum temperature in order to obtain extracts with high antioxidant activity. Optimal methanol concentrations with respect to the antioxidant activity of rosemary and marjoram extracts were 56% and 57% respectively. Oregano showed a different response to …

Use Of Extrusion Technology And Fat Replacers To Produce High Protein, Low Fat Cheese, Amrita Dubey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigated the use of extrusion technology and fat replacers to produce high protein, low fat Cheddar cheese. In chapter 3, four different fat replacers were tested at the highest concentration level of each, as recommended by the manufacturers for low fat cheese, to investigate the change in cheese texture and optimize extruder conditions. In addition, the press time/pressure combinations of the extruded cheeses were optimized. The fat replacers and extruder conditions that were effective in improving the texture of low fat cheese were then used in chapter 4.

In chapter 4, three fat replacers were used at three …

Investigating The Strategies To Improve The Quality Of Low-Fat Mozzarella And Cheddar Cheeses, Ranjeeta Wadhwani

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ranjeeta Wadhwani in supervision of Dr. D. J. McMahon, has worked on investigating the various strategies to improve three qualities of low-fat cheeses. These three qualities were meltability, color, or feasibilities to incorporate dietary fiber into the low-fat cheese with its simultaneous effect on texture. There has been an ongoing research on improving the quality of low-fat cheese. In our study, low-fat Mozzarella cheese curds of 4 different fat content (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0%) were comminuted and externally added with melted butter in the amount to get 6% fat in final cheese for low-fat claim. Addition of melted butter …

Adherence Inhibition Of Cronobacter Sakazakii And Other Pathogens By Prebiotic Oligosaccharides, Plant Extracts, And Other Naturally Derived Molecules, Maria I. Quintero

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

For most bacterial pathogens, adherence of the bacterium to the surface of the host cell tissue is a necessary first step for colonization and infection.  Agents that inhibit adherence, therefore, could be useful for preventing infections.  The goal of this research was to assess the anti-adherent activity of several food-grade prebiotic carbohydrates, plant extracts, and other naturally-derived molecules against enteric pathogens. First, the antiadherent effect of galactooligosaccharides (GOS), polydextrose (PDX), and a GOS-PDX blend was tested against two strains of Cronobacter “Enterobacter” sakazakii. When measured microscopically or by cultural methods, significant reductions in adherence (56% and 71%, respectively) of C. …

Eugenia Bozeman, Eugenia Bozeman, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Eugenia Bozeman served first as an area consultant and later as the manager coordinator for child nutrition programs in Georgia for over thirty years, and was also president of the Georgia School Food Service Association.

Susan Mccranie, Susan Mccranie, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Susan McCranie is a retired child nutrition program director in Georgia. She came to child nutrition after working for the Georgia Extension Service, the Georgia Peanut Commission, and as a computer programmer, before joining the Georgia Department of Education as an area consultant, and finally becoming a food service director.

Linda Erwin, Linda Erwin, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Linda Erwin, an Arkansas native, began her career as an elementary and then a home economics teacher. She later moved to Tennessee and taught adult vocational home economics classes. She eventually went to work for Shirley Watkins, the school nutrition director for Memphis City Schools, who introduced her to child nutrition. Erwin eventually moved to Georgia where she continued her career, becoming a food service director, and became very active in the Georgia School Food Service Association. She retired after twenty-eight years in the Georgia child nutrition programs.

Julia Johnson And Peggy Cheney, Julia Johnson, Peggy Cheney, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Julia Johnson and Peggy Cheney began working together when Peggy’s school decided to cease operations and was consolidated into Julia’s school. They ended up dividing the director’s duties and became ‘team directors.’

Robert Kearney And George Williams, Robert Kearney, George Williams, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives

Oral History Project (all interviews)

The Georgia School Food Service Association has a category called Georgia School Food Service Association Industry. Robert Kearney and George Williams are members of this division.

Judy Hendrix, Judy Hendrix, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

After college Judy Hendrix taught home economics, science, and geography at different times before getting into the child nutrition field. Hendrix then worked as a school nutrition director for one year before becoming an area consultant for school nutrition with the Georgia Department of Education. After working as an area consultant in various Georgia locations for a number of years, Hendrix returned as a food service director for a large school district, where she worked for a further four years before retirement.

Jimmie Barnett, Jimmie Barnett, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Jimmie Barnett is from the state of Georgia, where she worked in school nutrition with the Muscogee County School District for many years. She holds a Bachelor’s degree in Home Economics, a Master’s degree in Education, and a Specialist of Education in School Nutrition, all from the University of Georgia. Jimmie began her career as a home economics teacher. In 1992 she was appointed as the Assistant Director of School Nutrition for the Muscogee County School District and later became the School Nutrition Director. She is a member of the School Nutrition Association and has served in leadership roles at …

Joan Williams, Joan Williams, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Joan Williams has many years of experience in school nutrition and education. She holds a Bachelor’s degree in education from Georgia Southern College, a Master’s in education from Georgia College, and an Education Specialist degree from the University of Georgia. After teaching home economics for seven years, Joan served for 27 years as the school nutrition director for Carroll County Schools, a 15,000-student district in Georgia. Joan helped build an effective team that received many awards for increased participation and innovation. She received the USDA Best Practices Award for the Southeast Region twice, was recognized by the state of Georgia …

Ruth Gordon, Ruth Gordon, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Ruth Gordon is a registered dietitian with many years of experience in school food service. She holds a bachelor’s degree in nutrition from James Madison University in Virginia and a master’s degree in education from Georgia State University. She completed her dietetic internship at Emory University in Atlanta. Ruth recently retired after 28 years with the Georgia Department of Education where she served in various specialist positions and as state director. She also was a School Nutrition Director in Floyd County, Georgia. Ruth has held leadership positions with professional organizations including Georgia Dietetic Association, the School Nutrition Services Dietetic Practice …

Don Williams, Don Williams, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Don Williams is a retired school nutrition director, having worked for twenty-six years in the State of Georgia. He is now involved in a second career working in school nutrition software.

Green Tea Aids In Overall Health, Noelle Norman

Undergraduate Research Conference

Green tea is highly effective in aiding in overall health if consumed on a daily basis and can reduce incidence of cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. The primary compounds found in green tea are polyphenols which include catechins, epicatechin(EC), epigallocatechin(EGC), epicatechingallate(ECG), andepigallocatechingallate(EGCG). Five research studies were analyzed to verify the validity of the hypothesis that green consumption is beneficial in overall health. In these studies, green tea was found to aid in weight loss with those who consumed green tea regularly, as well as having effects on thermogenesis and fat oxidation to control wait …

Barbara S. Belmont, Barbara S. Belmont, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Barbara S. Belmont has spent most of her career in association management. She was with the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) before becoming the executive director of the American School Food Service Association/ School Nutrition Association for eighteen years.

Estimation Of The Number Of Days Required To Determine Usual Antioxidant Intakes And Assessment Of The Prevalence Of Nutrient Inadequacy Among College Students, Catherine G. Davis

Master's Theses

High intake of antioxidant rich foods has been shown to decrease risk factors of chronic disease.  Young adulthood may be crucial in establishing healthy lifestyles including adequate nutrient consumption.

The present study was designed 1) to estimate usual nutrient intakes, 2) to calculate the number of days required to estimate usual antioxidant intake, and 3) to assess intake adequacy from diet and diet + supplement sources by using the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR).  The USDA Flavonoid and Proanthocyanidin databases, food consumption data, and dietary supplement use data from 60 students aged 18-25 years at the University of Connecticut were utilized. …

Manejo Agronómico En La Producción De Sorgo, Máximo Antonio Hernández Valle, Carlos Borja

INTSORMIL Presentations

Gives an overview of some issues involved in cultivating sorghum in Central America.

The Role Of Sorghum In Food Security In Central America, Lloyd W. Rooney

INTSORMIL Presentations

Discusses the qualities of sorghum that make it suitable for human consumption, with a focus on its use in Central America.