Biology Commons^™

A Review Of Baobab (Adansonia Digitata) Products: Effect Of Processing Techniques, Medicinal Properties And Uses, Donatien Kabore, Hagrétou Sawadogo-Lingani, Bréhima Diawara, Clarise Compaoré, Mamoudou H. Dicko Prof., Mogens Jacobsen

Pr. Mamoudou H. DICKO, PhD

A general literature review including the effect of processing techniques, medicinal value and uses of baobab tree is reported in this manuscript. Baobab tree has multi-purpose uses, as it produces food and non-food products such as medicines, fuel, timber, fodder. Every part of the baobab tree is reported to be useful. The seeds, leaves, roots, flowers, fruit pulp and bark of baobab are edible. Baobab leaves are used in the preparation of soup. Seeds are used as a thickening agent in soups, but they can be fermented and used as a flavouring agent or roasted and eaten as snacks. The …

Cyp704b1 Is A Long-Chain Fatty Acid V-Hydroxylase Essential For Sporopollenin Synthesis In Pollen Of Arabidopsis, Anna A. Dobritsa, Jay Shrestha, Marc Morant, Franck Pinot, Michiyo Matsuno, Rob Swanson, Birger Lindberg Møller, Daphne Preuss

Rob Swanson

Sporopollenin is the major component of the outer pollen wall (exine). Fatty acid derivatives and phenolics are thought to be itsmonomeric building blocks, but the precise structure, biosynthetic route, and genetics of sporopollenin are poorly understood.Based on a phenotypic mutant screen in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we identified a cytochrome P450, designatedCYP704B1, as being essential for exine development. CYP704B1 is expressed in the developing anthers. Mutations in CYP704B1result in impaired pollen walls that lack a normal exine layer and exhibit a characteristic striped surface, termed zebraphenotype. Heterologous expression of CYP704B1 in yeast cells demonstrated that it catalyzes v-hydroxylation of long-chainfatty acids, …

Laboratory Studies In Animal Diversity, Lee Kats, Cleveland Hickman, Susan Keen

Lee Kats

Laboratory Studies in Animal Diversity offers students hands-on experience in learning about the diversity of life. It provides students the opportunity to become acquainted with the principal groups of animals and to recognize the unique anatomical features that characterize each group as well as the patterns that link animal groups to each other.

Morphology Of Rhogocytes In Megathura Crenulata And Their Synthesis Of Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin., Alanna Martin, Gary Martin, Robert Butler

Gary Martin

Rhogocytes are morphologically distinct cells distributed throughout connective tissues of crustaceans and molluscs. Using light microscopy, rhogocytes of the vetigastropod Megathura crenulata were identified by their ovoid shape, and their cytoplasm filled with spherical inclusions which contained lysosomal enzymes, based on uptake of neutral red and staining with LysoTracker dye. Rhogocytes were most abundant in the digestive gland (2,824 rhogocytes/mm2), followed by the connective tissue layer surrounding the middle and posterior esophagus and intestine (1,431 rhogocytes/mm2, 872 rhogocytes/mm2, and 1,190 rhogocytes/mm2, respectively), and were lowest in abundance in the foot (154 rhogocytes/mm2). At the transmission electron microscopy level, characteristic features …

Worldwide Distribution Of Allelic Variation At The Progesterone Receptor Locus And The Incidence Of Female Reproductive Cancers, Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson

Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson

Expression Analysis Of Hif-1a And Hif-2a Genes In Tibetan Chicken Under Normoxia And Hypoxia.Pdf, Yunzhou Yang, Ying Bai, Xinxing Dong, Jibin Zhang, Meiying Fang

Jibin Zhang

Antitrypanosomal Activities And Cytotoxicity Of Some Novel Imido-Substituted 1,4-Naphthoquinone Derivatives, Franklin Ampy

Franklin Ampy

Multiple Paths To Encephalization And Technical Civilizations, David Schwartzman, George Middendorf

George Middendorf

Suppression Of Phospholipase Dγs Confers Increased Aluminum Resistance In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Xuemin Wang, Jian Zhao, Cunxi Wang, Mohamed Bedair, Ruth Welti, Lloyd W. Sumner, Ivan Baxter

Xuemin (Sam) Wang

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From Gmp-Grade Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells And Mononuclear Myeloid Cells, Seiga Ohmine, Allan B. Dietz, Michael C. Deeds, Katherine A. Hartjes, David R. Miller, Tayaramma Thatava, Toshie Sukuma, Yogish C. Kudva, Yasuhiro Ikeda

Katherine Campbell, PhD

No abstract provided.

Mapping A Gene For Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy To Chromosome 14q1, John Jarcho, William Mckenna, J.A. Peter Pare, Scott Solomon, Randall Holcombe, Shaughan Dickie, Tatjana Levi, Helen Donis-Keller, J.G. Seidman, Christine Seidman

Helen Donis-Keller

To identify the chromosomal location of a gene responsible for familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, we used clinical and molecular genetic techniques to evaluate the members of a large kindred. Twenty surviving and 24 deceased family members had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; 58 surviving members were unaffected. Genetic-linkage analyses were performed with polymorphic DNA loci dispersed throughout the entire genome, to identify a locus that was inherited with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in family members. The significance of the linkage detected between the disease locus and polymorphic loci was assessed by calculating a lod score (the logarithm of the probability of observing coinheritance of two loci, …

Mapping The Gene For Hereditary Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma-Dysplastic Nevus To Chromosome 1p, Sherri J. Bale, Nicholas C. Dracopoli, Margaret A. Tucker, Wallace H. Clark, Jr., Mary C. Fraser, Ben Z. Stanger, Philip Green, Helen Donis-Keller, David E. Housman, Mark H. Greene

Helen Donis-Keller

We used molecular genetic techniques and multipoint linkage analyses to locate the gene responsible for cutaneous malignant melanoma-dysplastic nevus. We evaluated 99 relatives and 26 spouses in six families with a predisposition to melanoma. Thirty-four family members had cutaneous malignant melanoma, and 31 of these 34 also had histologically confirmed dysplastic nevi. Twenty-four family members had dysplastic nevi alone. An analysis of the cosegregation of the cutaneous malignant melanoma–dysplastic nevus trait with 26 polymorphic DNA markers on the short arm of chromosome 1 demonstrated the presence of a gene for susceptibility to melanoma. The gene was located between an anonymous …

Teaching Ethnobotany In China, Gordon C. Tucker

Gordon C. Tucker

China has a rich and well documented tradition and diverse usage of plants. China provides examples of the incorporation of plant derived drugs in medicine. The diverse usage of plants is also reflected in the many kinds of Chinese food that are consumed by people of various nations around the world. China is one of the "cradles" of agriculture, the birth place of the cultivation of many important crops, including rice, millet, soybeans, and water chestnuts, and is the only undisrupted major ancient civilization in the world. Some plants find use in almost every aspect of Chinese life, such as …

Evolution Of Functionally Diverse Alleles Associated With Ptc Bitter Taste Sensitivity In Africa, Michael C. Campbell

Michael C. Campbell

Competencies.Pdf, Winston A. Anderson

Winston Anderson

Mcnamara 2011 Mpmicro - Multi-Probe Microscopy (10/31/2011), George Mcnamara

George McNamara

Multi-Probe Microscopy is an ~1500 page Word document summarizing what I know and/or found interesting in light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and digital image analysis, from 1995-2005. Very little has been updated since 2005.

Characterization Of The Activities Of The Cpey, Cpez, And Cpes Bilin Lyases In Phycoerythrin Biosynthesis In Fremyella Diplosiphon Strain Utex 481*, Wendy Schluchter

Wendy M Schluchter

When grown in green light, Fremyella diplosiphon strain UTEX481 produces the red-colored protein phycoerythrin (PE) to maximize photosynthetic light harvesting. PE is composed of two subunits, CpeA and CpeB, which carry two and three phycoerythrobilin (PEB) chromophores, respectively, that are attached to specific Cys residues via thioether linkages. Specific bilin lyases are hypothesized to catalyze each PEB ligation. Using a heterologous, coexpression system in Escherichia coli, the PEB ligation activities of putative lyase subunits CpeY, CpeZ, and CpeS were tested on the CpeA and CpeB subunits from F. diplosiphon. Purified His6-tagged CpeA, obtained by coexpressing cpeA, cpeYZ, and the genes …

The Illusion Of Plenty: Hyperstability Masks Collapses In Two Recreational Fisheries That Target Fish Spawning Aggregations, Brad E. Erisman, Larry G. Allen, Jeremy T. Claisse, Daniel J. Pondella Ii, Eric F. Miller, Jason H. Murray

Daniel Pondella

Fisheries that target fish spawning aggregations can exhibit hyperstability, in which catch per unit effort (CPUE) remains elevated as stock abundance declines, but empirical support is limited. We compiled several fishery-dependent and fishery-independent data sets to assess stock trends in the barred sand bass (Paralabrax nebulifer) and the kelp bass (Paralabrax clathratus) in southern California, USA, evaluate the interaction between spawning aggregations and fishing activities, and test for hyperstability. Annual and seasonal trends from fisheries and population data indicate that regional stocks of both species have collapsed in response to overfishing of spawning aggregations and changes in environmental conditions. The …

Arcane Secrets Of The Umass Libraries, Maxine G. Schmidt

Maxine G Schmidt

No abstract provided.

Cryopreservation Of Spin-Dried Mammalian Cells, Nilay Chakraborty, Michael A. Menze, Jason Malsam, Alptekin Aksan, Steven C. Hand, Mehmet Toner

Michael Menze

This study reports an alternative approach to achieve vitrification where cells are pre-desiccated prior to cooling to cryogenic temperatures for storage. Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells suspended in a trehalose solution were rapidly and uniformly desiccated to a low moisture content (<0.12 g of water per g of dry weight) using a spin-drying technique. Trehalose was also introduced into the cells using a high-capacity trehalose transporter (TRET1). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to examine the uniformity of water concentration distribution in the spin-dried samples. 62% of the cells were shown to survive spin-drying in the presence of trehalose following immediate rehydration. The spin-dried samples were stored in liquid nitrogen (LN2) at a vitrified state. It was shown that following re-warming to room temperature and re-hydration with a fully complemented cell culture medium, 51% of the spin-dried and vitrified cells survived and demonstrated normal growth characteristics. Spin-drying is a novel strategy that can be used to improve cryopreservation outcome by promoting rapid vitrification.

Brachypodium As A Model For The Grasses: Today And The Future, Jelena Brkljacic, Erich Grotewold, Randy Scholl, Todd Mockler, David F. Garvin, Philippe Vain, Thomas Brutnell, Richard Sibout, Michael Bevan, Hikmet Budak, Ana L. Caicedo, Caixia Gao, Yong Gu, Samuel P. Hazen, Ben F. Holt Iii, Shin-Young Hong, Antonio J. Manzaneda, Thomas Mitchell-Olds, Keiichi Mochida, Luis A. J. Mur, Chung-Mo Park, John Sedbrook, Michelle Watt, Shao Jian Zheng, John P. Vogel

Samuel P Hazen

No abstract provided.

Chapter 12 Evolutionary Conservation Biology, Sujan Henkanaththegedara, Craig Stockwell

Sujan Henkanaththegedara

Influence Of Iron-Chelated Growth Conditions On Outer Membrane Protein Production And Virulence Of Vibrio Tubiashii, Broderick Eribo

Broderick Eribo

Extensive Clonal Spread And Extreme Longevity In Saw Palmetto, A Foundation Clonal Plant, Mizuki K. Takahashi, Liana M. Horner, Toshiro Kubota, Nathan A. Keller, Warren G. Abrahamson Ii

Warren G. Abrahamson, II

The lack of effective tools has hampered our ability to assess the size, growth and ages of clonal plants. With Serenoa repens (saw palmetto) as a model, we introduce a novel analytical frame work that integrates DNA fingerprinting and mathematical modelling to simulate growth and estimate ages of clonal plants. We also demonstrate the application of such life-history information of clonal plants to provide insight into management plans. Serenoa is an ecologically important foundation species in many Southeastern United States ecosystems; yet, many land managers consider Serenoa a troublesome invasive plant. Accordingly, management plans have been developed to reduce or …

Testing The Potential Of Using Fungi To Convert Human Waste Into Protein, Alex Zapata, Elizabeth Phillippi, Blair Mitchell, Jon Schoer, Michael Watters

Michael Watters

We report on the results of a pilot experiment designed to test the potential of filamentous fungi (mold) to reduce solid waste (feces) while converting it into a consumable, high protein food product. Feces represent an untapped resource. Filamentous fungi are natural decomposers with the ability to use this resource. Many filamentous fungi are safe to eat. We examined growth in order to determine the conditions which maximized the rate of conversion of solid waste into fungal biomass. For this pilot, we compared the effect of different lengths of incubation, different methods of aeration, and different available surface area. The …

Comparative Transcriptome And Metabolite Analysis Of Oil Palm And Date Palm Mesocarp That Differ Dramatically In Carbon Partitioning, Fabienne Bourgis, Aruna Kilaru, Xia Cao, Georges Frank Ngando-Ebongue, Noureddine Drira, John B. Ohlrogge, Vincent Arondel

Aruna Kilaru

Fall 2010 Sci 1210: Principles Of Modern Biology (With Laboratory): Course Materials: Laboratory: Lab Notebook Example, Jean J. Huang

Jean J. Huang

This course introduces students to the fundamental aspects of biological science including biochemistry, molecular biology, human molecular genetics, and cellular communication. Students gain experience with contemporary research methods and scientific reasoning through laboratory experiments. The relevance of biology to the environment and health is emphasized.

Fall 2010 Sci 1210: Principles Of Modern Biology (With Laboratory): Course Materials: Laboratory: Western Blot Of Cytoskeletal Proteins, Jean J. Huang

Jean J. Huang

This course introduces students to the fundamental aspects of biological science including biochemistry, molecular biology, human molecular genetics, and cellular communication. Students gain experience with contemporary research methods and scientific reasoning through laboratory experiments. The relevance of biology to the environment and health is emphasized.

Fall 2010 Sci 1210: Principles Of Modern Biology (With Laboratory): Information About Course: Course Syllabus, Jean J. Huang

Jean J. Huang

This course introduces students to the fundamental aspects of biological science including biochemistry, molecular biology, human molecular genetics, and cellular communication. Students gain experience with contemporary research methods and scientific reasoning through laboratory experiments. The relevance of biology to the environment and health is emphasized.

Fall 2010 Sci 1210: Principles Of Modern Biology (With Laboratory): Course Materials: In-Class Worksheets: Chapter 11, Jean J. Huang

Jean J. Huang

This course introduces students to the fundamental aspects of biological science including biochemistry, molecular biology, human molecular genetics, and cellular communication. Students gain experience with contemporary research methods and scientific reasoning through laboratory experiments. The relevance of biology to the environment and health is emphasized.