Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology Commons^™

Use Of Pyocin To Select A Haemophilus Ducreyi Variant Defective In Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis, A A. Campagnari, R Karalus, M A. Apicella, William Melaugh, A J. Lesse, B W. Gibson

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Haemophilus ducreyi, a cause of genital ulcer disease in developing countries, appears to facilitate the heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus in Africa. Despite an increase in studies of this gram-negative human pathogen, little is known about the pathogenesis of chancroid. Our studies have shown that the lipooligosaccharides (LOS) of H. ducreyi may play an important role in ulcer formation. Monoclonal antibody and mass spectrometric analyses identified a terminal trisaccharide present on H. ducreyi LOS that is immunochemically similar to human paragloboside. This epitope is present on the LOS of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and it may be the site of …

Evidence Of Steric Factors In The Fungitoxic Mechanism Of 8-Quinolinol And Its 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- And 7-Chloro And Bromo Analogues / Herman Gershon, Donald D. Clarke, And Muriel Gershon Department Of Chemistry, Fordham University, Bronx, Ny 10458, Usa New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, Ny 10458, Usa, Herman Gershon, Donald Dudley Clarke Phd, Muriel Gershon

Chemistry Faculty Publications

A study was made of the fungitoxicity of 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-chloro and bromo- 8-quinolinols against Aspergillus niger, A. oryzae, Myrothecium verrucaria, Trichoderma viride and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in Sabouraud dextrose broth and in Yeast Nitrogen Base supplemented with 1% D-glucose and 0.088% L-asparagine. Based on the presence or absence of synergism between pairs of substituted 8-quinolinols and reversal or nonreversal of toxicity by L-cysteine or Nacetyl- L-cysteine, the following conclusions were reached: (1) substituents on the quinoline ring change the site(s) of action of the toxicant; (2) the sites of action of the 5-, 6-, and 7-chloro-8-quinolinols …

Preparation And Fungitoxicity Of 3,6-Dichloro- And 3,6-Dibromo-8-Quinolinols / H. Gershon, D. D. Clarke, And M. Gershon Department Of Chemistry, Fordham University, Bronx, Ny 10458, Usa New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, Ny 10458, Usa, Herman Gershon, Donald Dudley Clarke Phd, Muriel Gershon

Chemistry Faculty Publications

3,6-Dichloro- and 3,6-dibromo-8-quinolinols were prepared by direct halogenation of 8-nitroquinoline by N-halosuccinimide in acetic acid or by halogenation of the corresponding 6-halo-8-nitroquinoline prepared via a Skraup reaction. The nitro group was reduced to amino and the amine was hydrolyzed to the phenol in 70% sulfuric acid at 220 °C. The fungitoxicity of 3,6-dichloro- and 3,6-dibromo-8-quinolinols, as well as intermediates in their preparation, against Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Myrothecium verrucaria, Trichoderma viride, and Mucor cirinelloides was determined. 3,6-dichloro-8-quinolinol is the most fungitoxic analogue of this class of compounds observed to date

Expression Of Prelamin A Confers Sensitivity Of Dna Biosynthesis To Lovastatin On F9 Teratocarcinoma Cells, Michael Sinensky, T. Mclain, K. Fantle

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Processing Pathway Of Prelamin A, Michael Sinensky, K. Fantle, M. Trujillo, T. Mclain, A. Kupfer, M. Dalton

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

The conversion of mammalian prelamin A to mature lamin A proceeds through the removal of 18 amino acids from the carboxyl terminus. The initial step in this processing is the isoprenylation of a CAAX box cysteine. This proteolytic event is distinctive for prelamin A among the known prenylated mammalian proteins. Since the carboxyl terminus of prelamin A is removed during maturation, it is not obvious that this protein would undergo the two reactions subsequent to prenylation observed in other CAAX box proteins-the endoproteolytic removal of the carboxyl-terminal 3 amino acids and the subsequent methylation of the now carboxyl-terminal cysteine. To …

Transformation Related Defects In Vacuolar Acidification And Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor Function: Effects On Lysosomal Targeting, Valerie Pracht

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Multisite Microprobes For Electrochemical Recordings In Biological Dynamics, G. Sreenivas, S. S. Ang, R. M. Ranade, A. S. Salian, W. D. Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

For over 30 years, techniques have been developed that allow for the microscale (10-30 /mum) measurement of chemical signals with high temporal resolution (1-200 Hz). Such measurements, called in vivo electrochemical recordings, allow for the direct determination of neurotransmitter molecules and related compounds in biological systems. Multiple recordings, simultaneously performed at different, closely spaced, well defined locations throughout a three-dimensional tissue volume in the brain, are of interest in neuroscience. Developments in microelectronic techniques enable the fabrication of multi-electrode microprobes for recording extracellular action potentials generated by individual neurons simultaneously. A high-yield microfabrication process has been successfully developed for the …

Effective, Reliable, Inexpensive Cryofixation Device, Lawrence A. Mink, Roger A. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Biogeochemical Control Of Phosphorus Cycling And Primary Production In Lake Michigan, R. S. Walsh, Gregory A. Cutter, W. M. Dunstan, J. Radford-Knoery, J. T. Elder

OES Faculty Publications

A 3-yr study in Lake Michigan has shown a 27 mmol P m^-2 increase in the mass of total P (TP) in the water during spring when the lake is mixed from surface to sediment. This value is an order of magnitude greater than the annual P input from external sources. TP changed in concert with increases in chlorophyll a and organic N and decreases in nitrate and soluble Si. The concentration of soluble reactive PO_4^-3 (SRP) remained relatively constant throughout the study. We hypothesize that the SRP concentration is maintained by a chemical equilibrium with calcium-phosphate …

Molecular Genetic Analysis Of Terminal Steps In Bacteriochlorophyll A Biosynthesis: Characterization Of A Rhodobacter Capsulatus Strain That Synthesizes Geranylgeranoil-Esterified Bacteriochlorophyll A, David Bollivar

Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Endocytosis Of Iodinated Protein Substrates In Cultured Human Skin Fibroblasts, Daniel P. Wilcockson

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Thermal Decomposition Studies Of Selected Transition Metal Polysulfide Complexes. Ii. Effect Of Atmosphere On Decomposition, Benjamin Rougeau, Mark Draganjac

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Initial studies involved the thermal decomposition profile of five polysulfide complexes in air up to 550 °C. Since our first report to the Academy in 1990, we have obtained the capability to run samples up to 1500°C under various gases. Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)of a series of transition metal polysulfide complexes are presented. Compounds analyzed included Cp2TiS5 ,MoS9 2",MoOS8 2", Zn(S x ) 2", Cd(S x ) 2-, Fe2S122 - and NiS82.

Subunit Interactions Of Recombinant Hiv-1 Reverse Transcriptase With Mutations At L289, Jacquelyn R. Smith

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

Reverse transcriptase (RT) is a dimeric enzyme required for replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). If the subunits of the RT dimer are dissociated, the enzyme is no longer active; therefore, identification of subunit binding sites could lead to potential targets for antiviral therapy. In order to identify where subunit binding of RT occurs, mutations were made at leucine (L) 289, a residue believed to be involved in dimerization through hydrophobic interactions with other leucines. L289 is the central leucine of a leucine repeat sequence which resembles a leucine zipper protein-DNA binding motif. Two mutations, leucine to arginine (L289R) …

Morphometric Analysis Of Enteric Lesions In C3h/Hen Mice Inoculated With Serpulina Hyodysenteriae Serotypes 2 And 4 With Or Without Oral Streptomycin Pretreatment, Jagannatha V. Mysore, Gerald Duhamel

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The segmental distribution and sequential progression and the role of the indigenous bacterial flora in the development of enteric lesions associated with Serpulina hyodysenteriae infection in laboratory mice have not been defined. We examined the distribution and sequential morphometric changes in the large intestine of mice orally inoculated with S. hyodysenteriae serotypes 2 and 4. To determine the role of colonization resistance conferred by the indigenous bacterial flora, 40 female C3H/HeN mice were administered water alone or water containing 5 mg/mL streptomycin sulfate ad libitum for seven days prior to orogastric inoculation either with S. hyodysenteriae or sterile trypticase soy …

Characteristics Of Modified Leghemoglobins Lsolated From Soybean (Glycine Max Merr.) Root Nodules, Hyung-Kyun Jun, Gautam Sarath, Jose F. Moran, Manuel Becana, Robert V. Klucas, Fred W. Wagner

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Hemoprotein derivatives of an abundant soybean (Glycine max Merr.) root nodule leghemoglobin, Lba, were studied for their modified spectral characteristics and physical properties. Three modified hemoprotein derivatives of Lba (Lbam₁, Lbam₂, and Lbam₃) were purified by preparative isoelectric focusing. The ferric forms of these pigments were green and exhibited anomalous spedra in the visible region as compared to the Lba³⁺ forms. These modified pigments showed a hypochromic shift of 10 nm for the charge transfer absorption maximum; however, differences were not apparent in the Sdret region. Upon binding with nicotinate, the α …

Sequence Of A Psac Gene From The Cyanobacterium Synechococcus Sp. Pcc 6301, Patricia L. Herman, Kartika Adiwilaga, John H. Golbeck, Donald P. Weeks

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

The psaC gene encodes PsaC, the apoprotein for the terminal iron-sulfur clusters, F_A and F_B, in the PSI reaction center of cyanobacteria, algae, and higher plants. PsaC functions as a membrane-bound oxidoreductase, accepting electrons from the F_x iron-sulfur cluster located on the PsaA/PsaB heterodimer and donating them to the soluble electron transfer proteins Fd and flavodoxin (reviewed in Bryant, 1992). The objective of our work is to clarify the role of PsaC in linear and cyclic electron transfer. The experimental organism is Syneckococcus sp. PCC 6301, a unicellular, freshwater cyanobacterium that is used extensively for physiological, …

Exopeptidase Catalyzed Site-Specific Bonding Of Supports, Labels And Bioactive Agents To Proteins, Fred W. Wagner, Thomas R. Coolidge, Dwane E. Wylie, Sheldon M. Schuster, William Lewis, Jay Stout

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

The invention provides a means for attaching a label, support or bioactive agent to a protein with an exopeptidase at a site that is remote from the active site of the protein. More specifically the invention is directed to a method for the attachment of an amino acid, amine and alcohol nucleophile to the carboxyl terminus of a protein. In one embodiment, a labeled nucleophile is attached to a protein such as an antibody. In other embodiments, the invention is directed to a method for the attachment of a protein to an immobilization support and to a method for the …

Nicotinic Acid Hydroxylase From Clostridium Barkeri: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies Show That Selenium Is Coordinated With Molybdenum In The Catalytically Active Selenium-Dependent Enzymenicotinic Acid Hydroxylase From Clostridium Barkeri: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies Show That Selenium Is Coordinated With Molybdenum In The Catalytically Active Selenium-Dependent Enzyme, Vadim Gladyshev, Sergei V. Khangulov, Thressa C. Stadtman

Vadim Gladyshev Publications

Nicotinic acid hydroxylase from Clostidum barkeri contains selenium in an unidentified form that is dissociated as a low molecular weight compound upon denaturation of the enzyme. Other cofactors of this enzyme are molybdopterin, FAD, and iron-sulfur clusters. In the current study, we show that the enzyme, as isolated, exhibits a stable Mo(V) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) sal ("resting" signal) and that this signal is correlated with the selenium content and nicotinate hydroxylase activity of the enzyme. Substitution of77Se for normal selenium isotope abundance results in splitting of the Mo(V) EPR signal of the native protein without affecting the iron signals …

Binding Of Matrix Attachment Regions To Lamin Polymers Involves Single-Stranded Regions And The Minor Groove., M. E. Eva Ludérus, Jan L. Den Blaauwen, Oncko J. De Smit, Duane A. Compton, Roel Van Driel

Dartmouth Scholarship

Chromatin in eukaryotic nuclei is thought to be partitioned into functional loop domains that are generated by the binding of defined DNA sequences, named MARs (matrix attachment regions), to the nuclear matrix. We have previously identified B-type lamins as MAR-binding matrix components (M. E. E. Ludérus, A. de Graaf, E. Mattia, J. L. den Blaauwen, M. A. Grande, L. de Jong, and R. van Driel, Cell 70:949-959, 1992). Here we show that A-type lamins and the structurally related proteins desmin and NuMA also specifically bind MARs in vitro. We studied the interaction between MARs and lamin polymers in molecular detail …

The Effect Of Acute Ethanol Exposure On The Male Rodent Reproductive Axis, Margaret Mary Halloran

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Ribosomal Protein S3: A Multifunctional Eukaryotic Dna Repair Enzyme Active On Ultraviolet And Oxidative Dna Damage, David M. Wilson

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Alternative Splicing In The Regulation Of Cathepsin B Expression In Human Tumors, Qiuming Gong

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Properties Of A Novel Early Lymphoid Activation Gene (Elag) Isolated From A Hodgkin's-Disease Cell Line, John Scott Bennett

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Susceptibility Of Eumeces Species Skinks To A Southeastern Isolate Of The Lyme Disease Spirochete (Borrelia Burgdorferi), Gregory A. Cummins

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

The SI-4 strain of Borrelia burgdorferi obtained from field collected Ixodes scapularis on Sapelo Island, Georgia, was infective to seven of eight cotton mice (Peromyscus gossypinus) by needle inoculation. I. scapularis larvae were then fed on them, and nymphs molting from these larvae were then fed on laboratory mice, Mus musculus, in an attempt to transmit the spirochete. One of three mice was successfully infected; confirmation of the presence of B. burgdorferi was made using BSK II culture and the polymerase chain reaction (PGR). A subsequent attempt was made to determine if SI-4 was infective for Eumeces …

Spiroplasma (Entomoplasmatales) Associated With Tabanidae (Diptera) And Lampyridae (Coleoptera), Jimmy Wedincamp Jr.

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

Abstract 1:

To determine the exit points of Spiroplasma from tabanids, 45 naturally infected Tabanus gladiator and 6 T. sulcifrons were restrained and fed 10% sucrose. The flies were allowed to feed for 24 hours and the resulting oral and anal specks were cultured in MID broth. Spiroplasmas were isolated from 21 of 51 oral specks but none of 23 anal specks deposited on plastic. In contrast, when anal specks were deposited in a sucrose solution, 9 of 28 anal specks in sucrose yielded spiroplasma cultures. Air-dried spiroplasma cultures in 5% sucrose survived for up to 30 days in the …

Characterization And Genetic Analysis Of A Pigmentation Mutant Of Neurospora Crassa, Craig West Banks

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

The mutant overaccumulator of carotenoids, ovc. was obtained from the Fungal Genetics Stock Center in Kansas City, Kansas. This mutant had been isolated following UV irradiation of the colonial mutant col-4 and mapped to Linkage Group IV (R. Harding, 1984 Neurospora Newsletter 34: 23-25). Examination of ovc in our laboratory revealed that in addition to having increased pigmentation, the mutant was osmotic sensitive, failing to grow on 6% NaCl. Morphology of ovc closely resembles that of cut, another osmotic sensitive mutant in LG IV. A cross of ovc to the osmotic sensitive mutant cut failed to produce …

The Role Of Sexual Selection In Structuring West Indian Passerine Communities, C. Lynne Starling

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

Patterns of plumage dimorphism were examined among species of passerines native to 19 West Indian islands. Based on sexual selection theory, the predictions were made that dimorphic species: (1) occur on fewer and larger islands than monomorphic species due to reduced colonization ability and reduced survivorship imposed by sexual selection pressure, and (2) should be added to island communities disproportionately as area increases, an idea which was tested using linear models.

No significant difference was observed between number of islands or minimum island area occupied by dimorphics versus monomorphics. The traditional ANCOVA model best fits the data and suggests that …

Regulatory Analysis Of Vimentin Expression In Metastatic Versus Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer Cell Lines, Danielle N. Bird

Theses and Dissertations

The intermediate filament gene family, composed of six classes, shows both tissue and development-specific expression. Vimentin is a unique member of the intermediate filament protein family: although it is expressed in cells of mesenchymal origin, vimentin may also be expressed with other intermediate filament proteins during early stages of development. In some cases, as differentiation continues, vimentin is normally down-regulated whereas other intermediate filament proteins, like desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, or neurofilaments are turned on in muscle, glial cells, or neurons, respectively. In some metastatic cancers, including breast and prostate cancers, vimentin is aberrantly expressed, despite the embryonic origin …

Expression, Purification And Characterization Of Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein From E.Coli Using A Chemically Synthesized Gene (1), And Cloning, Expression, Purification And Characterization Of The Major Core Protein (P26) From Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus, Ashley James Birkett

Theses and Dissertations

The hepatitis c virus (HCV) core gene has been chemically synthesized and used to direct the expression of core protein in Escherichia coli (E.coli). When cloned downstream of the inducible T7 promotor the core gene directed the expression of a soluble protein with a molecular weight of 22 kDa. Under native conditions the protein behaved in a manner consistent with the formation of a multimeric structure, which may represent assembled core particles. Further, when examined by electron microscopy a heterogeneous mixture of nucleocapsid-like particles were visible. Core protein was specifically recognized by antibodies present in HCV infected serum, suggesting that …

Cloning, Expression, Purification And Characterization Of Domain B Of Wheat Germ Agglutinin, Ann C. Rice

Theses and Dissertations

Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) belongs to a family of dimeric chitin binding lectins specific for N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid (NeuNAc). The polypeptide chain consists of a tandem repeat of four conserved 4.3 kDa domains (A, B, C, D) stabilized by four disulfide bonds. Saccharide binding occurs in the dimer interface where domains of different subunits are in contact (A with D, B with C). An aromatic amino acid rich pocket on one domain (sufficient for saccharide binding) and a polar region on the contacting domain constitute a complete binding site. Saccharide binding affinities may differ among the four unique …