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2006

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Articles 421 - 450 of 592

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Effect Of Astragalus And Astragalus Polysaccharide On Antimicrobial Peptides Pr-39 And Protegrin-1 Gene Expression In Pigs, Youjin Tu, Yizhen Wang, Chunlan Xu, Guojia Yao, Tizhong Shan Jan 2006

Effect Of Astragalus And Astragalus Polysaccharide On Antimicrobial Peptides Pr-39 And Protegrin-1 Gene Expression In Pigs, Youjin Tu, Yizhen Wang, Chunlan Xu, Guojia Yao, Tizhong Shan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of micron Astragalus, 80 mesh Astragalus and Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on antimicrobial peptides PR-39 and protegrin-1 gene expression in pigs using semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. One hundred twenty 60-day-old Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire piglets (21.88 ± 1.26 kg of average initial body weight) were randomly allotted to 4 treatments. Each treatment had 3 replicates (i.e. pens) with 10 pigs per pen. The basal diets were supplemented with 0, 5 g kg^{-1} APS, 5 g kg^{-1} 80 mesh Astragalus, and 5 g kg^{-1} micron Astragalus, respectively, and the feeding experiment lasted 30 days. …

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Detection Of Listeria Monocytogenes By Using Pcr In Helix Pomatia, Şükrü Kirkan, Ergün Ö. Göksoy, Osman Kaya Jan 2006

Detection Of Listeria Monocytogenes By Using Pcr In Helix Pomatia, Şükrü Kirkan, Ergün Ö. Göksoy, Osman Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Helix pomatia, both raw and cooked is presented here. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid procedure with both sensitivity and specificity for quick detection and identification of Listeria monocytogenes from raw and cooked Helix pomatia. A total of 30 bags (10 g each) of H. pomatia samples were investigated for the Listeria monocytogenes inlB gene with the PCR method. PCR amplification products demonstrated that 18 of the 30 samples showed positive reactions to Listeria monocytogenes in the PCR. All PCR positive samples showed specific amplification of the 343 bp fragment for Listeria monocytogenes.

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Effects Of Microwave Cooking On The Infectivity Of Toxocara Canis (Werner, 1782) Larvae In The Liver Of Paratenic Host Mice, Handan Çeti̇nkaya, Ayşen Gargili, Kemal Altaş Jan 2006

Effects Of Microwave Cooking On The Infectivity Of Toxocara Canis (Werner, 1782) Larvae In The Liver Of Paratenic Host Mice, Handan Çeti̇nkaya, Ayşen Gargili, Kemal Altaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to determine the effect of microwave cooking on the infective stages of Toxocara canis larvae found in the tissues of paratenic hosts. For this purpose, 3 series of experiments were carried out using a household microwave oven (2450 MHz, model: Arçelik MD551) at medium, medium-high and high levels. A total of 54 mice were used in the 3 experiments. Toxocara canis eggs were collected from the faeces of naturally infected dogs and incubated at room temperature for 4 weeks for development of infective larvae in eggs. In the first experiment, 6 mice were each infected with …

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Histological Investigations On The Effects Of Feeding With A Diet Containing Red Hot Pepper On The Reproductive System Organs Of The Cock, Ayteki̇n Özer, Berri̇n Zik, Hati̇ce Erdost, Nesri̇n Özfi̇li̇z Jan 2006

Histological Investigations On The Effects Of Feeding With A Diet Containing Red Hot Pepper On The Reproductive System Organs Of The Cock, Ayteki̇n Özer, Berri̇n Zik, Hati̇ce Erdost, Nesri̇n Özfi̇li̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study the growth and reproductive organ structural differences in cocks fed a diet containing 1% red hot pepper (10 g/kg diet) from the first day of age were investigated. In cocks fed the experimental diet body weight gain decreased; testes weight, length, width and wall thickness of the tubuli seminiferi convoluti increased; and the completion of spermatogenic cell serial formation took place earlier compared to the control group.

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Presence And Contamination Level Of Clostridium Perfringens In Raw Frozen Ground Poultry And Poultry Burgers, Ömer Çakmak, F. Seda Bi̇li̇r Ormanci, Muhi̇tti̇n Tayfur, İrfan Erol Jan 2006

Presence And Contamination Level Of Clostridium Perfringens In Raw Frozen Ground Poultry And Poultry Burgers, Ömer Çakmak, F. Seda Bi̇li̇r Ormanci, Muhi̇tti̇n Tayfur, İrfan Erol

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence and the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens in ground poultry and burgers using the MPN technique and selected biochemical tests, including acid phosphatase and reverse-CAMP tests. Forty raw frozen ground poultry and 40 frozen poultry burger samples were purchased from different poultry processing plants in Turkey, between June and December 2000. The samples were taken aseptically and transported to the laboratory in refrigerated containers and tested the same day. C. perfringens was isolated from 28 (70.0%) of the 40 ground poultry samples at the mean number of 2.6 MPN/g. The minimal …

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Ecology Of The Missouri River. Progress Report, Dingell-Johnson Project F-75-R-24, Supplement I - Missouri River Creel Survey, Camp Creek To Kansas State Line, 1 April Through 13 October 2006., Gerald Mestl Jan 2006

Ecology Of The Missouri River. Progress Report, Dingell-Johnson Project F-75-R-24, Supplement I - Missouri River Creel Survey, Camp Creek To Kansas State Line, 1 April Through 13 October 2006., Gerald Mestl

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This report describes Missouri River activities and results related to a channelized Missouri River creel survey conducted from 29 March through 10 October 2003. This is the fourth of a planned annual creel survey to be conducted on alternating sections of the channelized Missouri River to measure changes in recreational fishing activity, especially those changes due to large scale habitat restoration efforts. Future reports will contain additional analyses of these data. Anglers spent over 30,000 hours fishing the Missouri River from Camp Creek (rk 883.5) to the Kansas state line (rk 790.2) during the survey period. Effort peaked during the …

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Status And Harvests Of Sandhill Cranes: Mid-Continent And Rocky Mountain Populations 2006, David E. Sharp, Kammie L. Kruse, James A. Dubovsky Jan 2006

Status And Harvests Of Sandhill Cranes: Mid-Continent And Rocky Mountain Populations 2006, David E. Sharp, Kammie L. Kruse, James A. Dubovsky

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Compared to the increases that were recorded in the 1970s, annual indices to abundance of the Mid-Continent Population (MCP) of Sandhill Cranes has been relatively stable since the early 1980s. The Central Platte River Valley, Nebraska spring index for 2006, uncorrected for visibility bias, was 183,000. The photo-corrected 3-year average for 2003-05 was 422,133, which is within the established population-objective range of 349,000-472,000 cranes. All Central Flyway states, except Nebraska, allowed crane hunting in portions of their respective states during 2005-06. About 9,950 hunters participated in these seasons, which was 8% higher than the number that participated in the 2004- …

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2005 Annual Report: Migratory Bird Conservation Commission Jan 2006

2005 Annual Report: Migratory Bird Conservation Commission

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Report of the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission for the Fiscal Year 2005:
Approvals During Fiscal Year 2005
Migratory Bird Conservation Fund
Summary of Fiscal Year 2005 MBCF Land Acquisitions
New National Wildlife Refuge Boundary Approvals
Membership of the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission
Map Showing National Migratory Bird Refuge Areas
Map Showing Waterfowl Production Areas by State and County
Notes on Tables One and Two
Table One––National Migratory Bird Refuge Areas
Table Two––Waterfowl Production Areas by State and County
North American Wetlands Conservation Fund
Table Three––U.S. Wetland Conservation Proposals Approved by the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission for FY 2005
Table Four––Canadian …

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A Health Risk Evaluation For Pallid Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus Albus) In The Lower Platte River Using Shovelnose Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus Platorynchus) As A Surrogate, Matthew S. Schwarz, Christina D. Lydick, Donald E. Tillit, Diana M. Papoulias, Timothy S. Gross Jan 2006

A Health Risk Evaluation For Pallid Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus Albus) In The Lower Platte River Using Shovelnose Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus Platorynchus) As A Surrogate, Matthew S. Schwarz, Christina D. Lydick, Donald E. Tillit, Diana M. Papoulias, Timothy S. Gross

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Most sturgeon species worldwide have been in steep decline since the 1900s. This research evaluated shovelnose sturgeon health, reproduction, and exposure to environmental contamination in the lower Platte River. Shovelnose sturgeon served as a surrogate species for the endangered pallid sturgeon and their health was assessed by incorporating measurements of general health with hepatic, immune, and reproductive system biomarkers. Environmental contaminants were measured in water, potential pallid sturgeon food items (cyprinid minnows), and shovelnose sturgeon digesta, liver, and blood plasma. Contaminants detected in shovelnose sturgeon at concentrations of concern included PCBs, selenium, and atrazine. Total PCBs in carcasses (n = …

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The Case Against Evening-Up Litters Until Weaning, Duane Reese, Barbara Straw Jan 2006

The Case Against Evening-Up Litters Until Weaning, Duane Reese, Barbara Straw

Nebraska Swine Reports

A literature review on the effect of fostering or moving individual piglets from one litter to another after they are 24 to 48 hours of age was conducted. Late fostering disrupts nursing, increases fighting, and impairs the growth rate of adopted piglets and their littermates. Pig body weight at weaning was reduced 13 to 24% in extensively fostered litters vs. those where no piglets were fostered after 48 hours of age. No evidence was found that late fostering improves preweaning survival. For the greater good of all piglets, producers are encouraged to resist the urge to even-up litters or foster …

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Genes Expressed In Response To Prrsv, Derek Petry, Rodger K. Johnson, Joan Lunney Jan 2006

Genes Expressed In Response To Prrsv, Derek Petry, Rodger K. Johnson, Joan Lunney

Nebraska Swine Reports

Gene maps of livestock are rapidly being developed and have led to an explosion of knowledge in recent years about genes affecting economic traits. One potential application of this information that would have major economic value is in selection of livestock for resistance to disease. Even though much has been learned about Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) since it was first identified, PRRSV continues to cause significant economic losses in many herds. Traditional approaches to manage PRRSV can be effective, but may be costly and have not always resulted in permanent control. This is a disease for which …

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Freezing Swine Embryos: Do Success Rates Differ Between Breeds?, Marcelo Montagner, Paulo B. D. Gonçalves, Ginger Mills, Ronald K. Christenson, Brett R. White Jan 2006

Freezing Swine Embryos: Do Success Rates Differ Between Breeds?, Marcelo Montagner, Paulo B. D. Gonçalves, Ginger Mills, Ronald K. Christenson, Brett R. White

Nebraska Swine Reports

Successful freezing, or cryopreservation, of embryos could greatly impact the pork industry, serving as a tool for conservation of valuable germplasm and enhancing biosecurity for transfer of genetic material. Pig embryos are very sensitive to cooling and few reports have shown successful developmental rates following freezing. The objectives of this study were to determine the efficiency of freezing pig embryos using a microdroplet vitrification method and to investigate in vitro development of embryos from Chinese Meishan and occidental white crossbred females following cryopreservation at different stages of embryonic development. Preliminary studies using the microdroplet vitrification method for cryopreservation and embryo …

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Producers’ Decisions, Allen Prosch Jan 2006

Producers’ Decisions, Allen Prosch

Nebraska Swine Reports

The business decisions pork producers make are extremely important. Decisions increase in importance at the same time they become harder to make. In business management studies, time has been devoted to learn how such decisions can be made. Less study has been expended on how producers currently make decisions. In the United States, family producers have traditionally made decisions with information they could gather independently. The ability to create decision making information is difficult. Producers need to remember the key success item — that of effective management led by sound decisions. The process of decision making involves skills and abilities …

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Effect Of Diet And Sire Line On Grow-Finish Performance, Mike Brumm, Larry Himmelberg, Tom Rathje, John Sonderman Jan 2006

Effect Of Diet And Sire Line On Grow-Finish Performance, Mike Brumm, Larry Himmelberg, Tom Rathje, John Sonderman

Nebraska Swine Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of sire line and dietary energy levels on grow-finish pig performance. In each experiment, dietary treatments were corn-soybean meal based diets with no added fat and corn-soybean meal based diets with fat added and soybean meal adjusted to maintain a similar lysine: calorie ratio. Fat additions to the added fat diets ranged from 3.75% for the 40 to 70 pound body weight period to 1.5% for pigs over 220 pounds body weight. Within each of five phases during the growing-finishing period, feed budgets were used to maintain a similar total caloric intake …

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Patterns Of Drinking Water Use In Pork Production Facilities, Mike Brumm Jan 2006

Patterns Of Drinking Water Use In Pork Production Facilities, Mike Brumm

Nebraska Swine Reports

The amount of drinking water needed daily by the pig depends on numerous influences, including temperature, diet, stage of production and health. Within a 24-hour period under thermal-neutral conditions, grow-finish and gestating swine demonstrate a peak in water usage in late afternoon while lactating females consume water more consistently throughout the day. In times of heat stress, grow-finish pigs alter their water usage pattern with a peak between 8 to 9 a.m. and second peak around 5 to 8 p.m. Daily drinking water needs for pigs range from less than 0.5 gal/pig/day for newly weaned pigs to greater than 1.5 …

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Regulation Of Pituitary Gene Expression In Lines Of Swine With Different Ovulation Rates, Benjamin Bass, Rebecca Cederberg, Ginger Mills, Brett R. White Jan 2006

Regulation Of Pituitary Gene Expression In Lines Of Swine With Different Ovulation Rates, Benjamin Bass, Rebecca Cederberg, Ginger Mills, Brett R. White

Nebraska Swine Reports

Litter size plays a major role in the economics of pork production. Even modest increases in average litter size can have considerable effects on overall profitability. Two major components of litter size – ovulation rate and embryonic survival – have been used in a selection index project ongoing for several generations at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL). Additionally, the Chinese Meishan breed is one of the most prolific breeds, producing four to five more pigs per litter than white crossbred females. We investigated the role of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor and gonadotropin subunit genes in determination of ovulation rate …

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Impact Of Repeated Out-Of-Feed Events And Fineness Of Grind On Grow-Finish Performance, Mike Brumm, Sheryl Colgan Jan 2006

Impact Of Repeated Out-Of-Feed Events And Fineness Of Grind On Grow-Finish Performance, Mike Brumm, Sheryl Colgan

Nebraska Swine Reports

Out-of-feed events are a growing problem in nursery and grow-finish­ facilities due to issues associated with feed delivery to bulk bins and bridging of feed in bulk bins. Reports of bridging are increasing as producers continue to reduce the fineness of grind for complete diets in order to improve feed conversion. A study was conducted to examine the effect of repeated out-of-feed events and diet particle size on barrow performance in a wean-to-finish facility beginning six weeks after weaning. Corn-soybean meal based diets were either coarse (1,266 microns) or medium ground (1,019 microns) for the duration of the experiment. Within …

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Effects Of Feeding Increased Levels Of Vitamin B12 To Weanling Pigs, Laura Albrecht, Robert Fischer, Phillip S. Miller Jan 2006

Effects Of Feeding Increased Levels Of Vitamin B12 To Weanling Pigs, Laura Albrecht, Robert Fischer, Phillip S. Miller

Nebraska Swine Reports

Increasing concentrations of vitamin B12 were fed to 144 weanling pigs (weaned 13-14 days) in two, five-week trials. Pigs were fed one of six diets: NC, negative control, basal diet without supplemented vitamin B12; or the basal diet with the inclusion of 100% (1X, 7.94 μg/lb), 200% (2X, 15.87 μg/lb), 400% (4X, 31.75 μg/lb), 800% (8X, 63.49 μg/lb), or 1,600% (16X, 126.98 μg/lb) of NRC requirements for the 11- to 22-lb pig. Each trial was divided into two phases: phase 1, day 0 - day 14 and phase 2, day 14 - day 35. Throughout phase 1, …

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Contents, Discovery Editors Jan 2006

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 7 2006, Several Authors Jan 2006

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 7 2006, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann Jan 2006

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Initial Evaluation Of Novel Preparations Of Bordetella Avium By Determination Of Antibody Response Titers, Joel Gallagher, Stacy Higgins, Luc Berghman, Billy Hargis Jan 2006

Initial Evaluation Of Novel Preparations Of Bordetella Avium By Determination Of Antibody Response Titers, Joel Gallagher, Stacy Higgins, Luc Berghman, Billy Hargis

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

The efficacy of killed vaccines generally is not equal to live vaccines. However, due to safety and ease of production, they remain a vital part of controlling and preventing diseases. In this study, the immune response to four different vaccination preparation techniques for the agent of bordetellosis of turkeys, Bordetella avium (BA), was compared. Preparation/inactivation techniques included (1) formalin inactivation, (2) opsonization of formalin-inactivated BA, (3) buffered acetic-acid BA inactivation, or (4) opsonization of buffered acetic-acid-inactivated BA. Non-adjuvated suspensions containing equal antigen mass were administered subcutaneously (0.2 mL) at day-of-hatch in all cases. For each treatment (N=40/treatment), plasma samples were …

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Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors Jan 2006

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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The Adaptive Value Of Aggregation Among Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster: An Evaluation Using Individual-Based Modeling, Thomas W. Dolan Iii, Mark J. Butler Iv Jan 2006

The Adaptive Value Of Aggregation Among Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster: An Evaluation Using Individual-Based Modeling, Thomas W. Dolan Iii, Mark J. Butler Iv

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Ontogenetic changes in gregariousness by pre-reproductive animals, like that observed in juvenile Caribbean spiny lobsters (Panulirus argus), may be adaptive and reflect size-specific changes in the effectiveness of aggregation in promoting survival. Alternatively, aggregation may simply result from changes in the distribution or availability of suitable habitat structure, or from other behaviors that enhance survival. There are currently two hypotheses explaining the potential benefits of gregarious behavior in juvenile spiny lobsters, both of which focus on increasing survivorship by reducing predation pressure: the group benefit hypothesis and the guide hypothesis. The group benefit hypothesis argues that aggregations of …

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Air Exchange Rate In A Horse Trailer During Road Transport, Joseph L. Purswell, Richard S. Gates, Laurie M. Lawrence, Jamey D. Jacob, Timothy S. Stombaugh, Robert J. Coleman Jan 2006

Air Exchange Rate In A Horse Trailer During Road Transport, Joseph L. Purswell, Richard S. Gates, Laurie M. Lawrence, Jamey D. Jacob, Timothy S. Stombaugh, Robert J. Coleman

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Horses traveling by road commonly experience heat stress conditions and poor air quality, which may be caused by insufficient ventilation; however, there are few estimates of air exchange in a horse trailer during transport. Air exchange rate was measured at ten locations within a four-horse trailer (internal volume 18.5 m3) using tracer gas decay measurement to assess the adequacy of ventilation. Three vehicle speeds (13, 48, and 97 km h-1) and three window configurations (all windows and roof vents closed, all windows open, all windows open and roof vents open forward) were tested with and without …

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Suspension Of Gametogenesis In Green Sea Urchins Experiencing Invariant Photoperiod, S. Anne Boettger, Michael G. Devin, Charles W. Walker Jan 2006

Suspension Of Gametogenesis In Green Sea Urchins Experiencing Invariant Photoperiod, S. Anne Boettger, Michael G. Devin, Charles W. Walker

Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Bovine Spermatid Sex Ratio By Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization, Michael Alan Stout Jan 2006

Evaluation Of Bovine Spermatid Sex Ratio By Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization, Michael Alan Stout

LSU Master's Theses

The objective of this study was to use fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to determine if a skew in the sex ratio was present at the level of the bovine round spermatid. Paraffin embedded bovine testicular tissue obtained from biopsies were used to perform FISH, and the seminiferous tubules were examined. Our findings show that the skew does exist within the round spermatids. Analysis of variance on X- and Y-chromosome bearing round spermatids as affected by sex, slide, picture set, and tubule was performed. Sex showed that the variation in round spermatid sex ratio differed between slides (P = 0.0001). …

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Effect Of Early Weaning On Piglet Weight Gain And Fertility In Sows (Sus Scrofa) In Carmen Pampa Of Nor Yungas - La Paz, Darwin Juan Luna Isita Jan 2006

Effect Of Early Weaning On Piglet Weight Gain And Fertility In Sows (Sus Scrofa) In Carmen Pampa Of Nor Yungas - La Paz, Darwin Juan Luna Isita

Theses and Dissertations

This study was carried out in swine production facilities of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnic Studies at the Rural Academic Unit of Carmen Pampa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of weaning male and female piglets at different times on their weight gain and the fertility of the sows. Four three year old sows that had a total of 40 piglets (25 males and 15 females) were used. The piglets were distributed across the following treatments: T1 - weaning 9 piglets (5 males and 4 females) at 56 days, T2 - weaning 13 piglets …

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Pond Production, Bartholomew W. Green, C. Bauer Duke Iii Jan 2006

Pond Production, Bartholomew W. Green, C. Bauer Duke Iii

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Management strategies for production of tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) in earthen or lined ponds range from chemical and/or organic fertilization only to intensive feeding. Pond water quality for each strategy is discussed. Strategies to optimize standing stock management during grow-out are presented.

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Evaluation Of A Diffused Oxygen Aeration System Under On-Farm Harvest Conditions, Philip R. Pearson, Sara E. Duke, Bartholomew W. Green, C. Douglas Minchew, Rachel V. Beecham, Jin M. Kim Jan 2006

Evaluation Of A Diffused Oxygen Aeration System Under On-Farm Harvest Conditions, Philip R. Pearson, Sara E. Duke, Bartholomew W. Green, C. Douglas Minchew, Rachel V. Beecham, Jin M. Kim

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The aeration effectiveness of a diffused oxygen system was compared with that of a tractor-powered paddlewheel during eight harvests of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus at Top Cat II Fishery in Chicot County, Arkansas. Dissolved oxygen and water temperature data were collected from a grading net aerated by the diffused oxygen system, from a grading net aerated by a paddlewheel, and from the open culture pond between the two grading nets and were not significantly different. However, comparison of estimated oxygen consumption by the biomass confined in each grading net indicated that the aeration effectiveness of the diffused oxygen system equaled …

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