Animal Sciences Commons^™

Corn Processing Method In Finishing Diets Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed, T. L. Scott, C. T. Milton, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, Rick A. Stock

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of corn processing method on performance and carcass traits in steers fed finishing diets containing wet corn gluten feed (WCGF). In Trial 1, 480 steer calves (303 kg initial BW) were fed eight finishing diets: 1) dry-rolled corn (DRC) without; and 2) with 32% (DM basis) WCGF; 3) steam-flaked corn (SFC) without; and 4) with WCGF; 5) a combination of DRC and SFC without WCGF; 6) finely-ground corn (FGC) with WCGF; 7) high-moisture corn (HMC) with WCGF; and 8) whole corn (WC) with WCGF. Feeding WC + WCGF increased (P < 0.10) DMI and decreased gain:feed compared with all other treatments. Feeding DRC + WCGF increased (P < 0.10) DMI and decreased (P < 0.10) gain:feed compared with treatments other than WC + WCGF. Steers on treatments that included WCGF gained similarly, regardless of corn processing method, and at a rate 6% faster (P < 0.10) than steers fed diets that did not include WCGF. Gain:feed did not differ among steers fed SFC, SFC + WCGF, SFC + DRC, and HMC + WCGF. Steers fed SFC or SFC + WCGF were more efficient (P < 0.10) than steers fed DRC or FGC + WCGF. In Trial 2, 288 steer calves (382 kg initial BW) were fed six finishing diets: 1) DRC without; and 2) with 22% (DM basis) WCGF; 3) SFC without; and 4) with WCGF; 5) finely rolled corn (FRC) with WCGF; and 6) HMC corn with WCGF. Steers fed DRC + WCGF or FRC + WCGF consumed more DM (P < 0.10) than steers fed DRC, SFC, or SFC + WCGF. Feed intake did not differ between steers fed SFC + WCGF and HMC + WCGF. All treatment groups receiving WCGF consumed more DM (P < 0.10) feed than steers fed DRC or SFC without WCGF. Steers fed SFC + WCGF gained 8% faster (P < 0.10), and steers fed DRC 9.5% slower (P < 0.10) than steers receiving all other treatments. Daily gains did not differ among other treatment groups. Steers fed SFC or SFC + WCGF gained 10% more (P < 0.10) efficiently than all other treatment groups. Feed efficiency did not differ among steers fed DRC, DRC + WCGF, FRC + WCGF, and HMC + WCGF. Estimates for the NE_g of …

Experimental Channel Catfish Virus Infection Mimics Natural Infection Of Channel Catfish, Robin L. Stingley, Wayne L. Gray, Billy R. Griffin, Reid Landes

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Channel catfish virus (CCV) causes a severe hemorrhagic disease in channel catfish fry and fingerlings. CCV epizootics are associated with elevated water temperatures and high mortality rates. Survivors of acute disease are latently infected with i virus. In this study, we investigated conditions effecting CCV pathogenesis and latency utilizing an experimental immersion model to simulate natural infection and a population of Arkansas catfish verified to have no prior CCV exposure, the results indicate that the Auburn- 1 laboratory strain is comparable to CCV field isolates in virulence and ability to establish latent infection. The study confirms that water temperature and …

Subterranean Biodiversity Of Arkansas, Part 2: Status Update Of The Foushee Cavesnail, Amnicola Cora Hubricht, 1979 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae), G. O. Graening

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Genetic Similarity Of Shadow And Arkansas Basses (Ambloplites) Determined By Mitochondrial Dna Analysis, Ronald L. Johnson, Carrie F. Cavenaugh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Winter Ecology Of Kokanee: Implications For Salmon Management, G. B. Steinhart, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

We sampled various limnological parameters and measured growth and diet of age-0 kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka (lacustrine sockeye salmon) during two winters in a high-mountain lake of the Sawtooth Valley, Idaho. Although winter has been recognized as an important period for many warmwater fishes and for stream-dwelling salmonids, winter limitations have only recently been studied for coolwater and coldwater species. Ice and snow cover in winter limited light penetration. As a result, chlorophyll-a and zooplankton density were lower in ice-covered periods than during ice-free periods. The weight of stomach contents was often below a maintenance ration, yet the incidence of empty …

Characteristics Of Fat Free Yogurt As Influenced By The Incorporation Of Folic Acid, Charles August Boeneke

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Folic acid fortification is used in the prevention of neural tube defects such as spina bifida and ancencephaly, heart defects, facial clefts, urinary tract abnormalities, and limb deficiencies. Although yogurt is not a good source of folic acid, fortification could aid in prevention of above mentioned defects. Fortification of yogurt with folic acid may or may not change its physico-chemical characteristics. Fat free sugar free yogurt was manufactured using 0, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the recommended daily allowance of 400 micrograms of folic acid. Treatments included addition of folic acid at these levels before and after pasteurization. Lemon …

Isolation And Characterisation Of A Pax Group Iii Gene From The Freshwater Crayfish Cherax Destructor: Implications For The Evolution Of Muscle Regeneration, Robert B. White

Theses : Honours

Pax genes encode transcription factors that are highly evolutionarily conserved and are vital for animal development. Vertebrate Pax group III genes Pax3 and Pax7 are required for proper development of muscular and central nervous systems. In their roles in muscular systems, Pax3 and Pax7 specify myoblasts (muscle progenitor cells). Pax3 is predominantly involved in embryonic myogenesis and specifies embryonic myoblasts. In contrast, Pax7 specifies adult myoblasts (muscle satellite cells), and has been demonstrated to be vital for adult muscle regeneration. Recent evidence also implicates a role for Pax7 in the conversion of certain stem cells to the myogenic lineage. The …

A Comparison Of Methods For On-Farm Determination Of Failure Of Passive Transfer Of Immunoglobulin To Dairy Calves, Ann Harvey

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Two commercially available, qualitative, on-farm test kits (Midland BioProducts Inc., Boone, lA), utilizing either serum or whole blood to evaluate failure of passive transfer (FPT) of immunoglobulins, were evaluated using 38 Holstein calves. Results from the kits were compared with refractometry determination of serum proteins and radial immunodiffusion determinations specific for IgG (RID; Triple J Farms, Bellingham,WA). Blood samples were collected immediately following birth before first colostrum feeding and at 48 h. At birth, serum protein concentrations averaged 4.52 g/dl and IgG averaged 8.6 mg/dl, respectively, for refractometer and RID. Forty eight hours after feeding colostrum, serum protein concentrations averaged …

Microcrustacean Fauna Of Lake Sazlıgöl (Menemen, İzmir), Mustafa Ruşen Ustaoğlu, Süleyman Balik, Di̇dem Özdemi̇r Mi̇s, Cem Aygen

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Thirty-five microcrustacean taxa, comprising 21 species of cladocerans, eight species and one subspecies of copepods, and five species of ostracods were identified from Lake Sazlıgöl during a 17-month research period in 1998-1999. Of these species, Eucypris ornata (Müller, 1776) (Ostracoda) was recorded as new species for the freshwater fauna of Turkey.

A Study On The Ornithofauna Of Sakaryabaşı/Eminekin Pond And Its Vicinity, Azi̇z Aslan, İlhami̇ Ki̇zi̇roğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The study was carried out to determine the ornithofauna of Eminekin Pond and its vicinity in Sakaryabaşı, within the district of Çifteler in Eskişehir province. The study area is situated on one of the migration routes of birds. During the study period, from July 1995 to July 1996, a total of 102 bird species from 37 families were observed in the area and 37 of these species were resident, ten of them were winter visitors, forty six were summer visitors and only nine were found to be passage migrants.

Some Chilopoda (Myriapoda) Records From The City Of Eskişehir, Mete Misirlioğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Turkey is one of the richest countries in terms of the Chilopoda fauna. However, knowledge of the Chilopoda fauna of some parts of Anatolia is still limited, particularly of Central Anatolia. This study is based on Chilopoda samples collected from two different localities in the city of Eskişehir. Four species belonging to four genera were determined.

Shells Of Mollusca Collected From The Seas Of Turkey, Muzaffer Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A large number of molluscan shells were collected from the seas of Turkey (the Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea, the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea) and examined to determine their species and to point out the species found in each sea. The examination revealed a total of 610 shell species and many varieties belonging to various classes, subclasses, families and subfamilies of mollusca. The list of these taxonomic groups is presented in the first column of Table 1. The species and varieties found in each sea are indicated with a plus sign in the other columns of the …

Platyhelminth Parasites Of Some Amphibians In Jordan, Mohammad Khair Al-Sorakhy, Zuhair Sami Amr

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A total of 470 frogs were examined for helminth infection: 220 specimens of the green toad Bufo viridis, 65 of Savigny's tree frog Hyla savignyi and 185 of the Levantine frog Rana bedriagae. Six species of adult platyhelminths (trematodes, monogeneans and cestodes) were found to infest the three frog species: two monogeneans, Polystoma integerrimum (23%) and Polystoma viridis (8%); two digenetic trematodes, Pleurogenoides tacapensis (14.5%) and Prosotocus confusus (11%); and two cestodes Nematotaenia dispar (35%) and Nematotaenia chantalae (8.5%). Of the six helminth parasite species, Polystoma integerrimum had the highest prevalence in B. viridis. In R. bedriagae, Pleurogenoides tacapensis had …

Sphaerospora Elegans Thelohan, 1892 And Myxobilatus Gasterostei Davis, 1944 (Phylum: Myxozoa) Infections In The Three-Spined Stickleback, Gasterosteus Aculeatus L., 1758 In Turkey, Ahmet Özer

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Sphaerospora elegans Thelohan, 1892 and Myxobilatus gasterostei Davis, 1944 infections in the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L., 1758) were studied from January to May 2000. Infection prevalence and intensity values were determined for mixed infections to be 26.5% and 3+ (0-5) parasites per fish, respectively. These values for each species were also determined. While infection prevalence and mean intensity values for S.elegans were 11.9% and 3+ (0-5), they were 17.9% and 3+ (0-5), respectively, for M. gasterostei. The existence of both parasite species in relation to the sex and length classes of the fish were determined and the infection interactions …

A Guide To Prairie And Wetland Restoration In Eastern Nebraska, Gerry Steinauer, Bill Whitney, Krista Adams, Mike Bullerman, Chris Helzer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This publication documents the restoration methods originally developed by Bill Whitney and later refined by himself and other ecologists from TNC, PRCT, NGPC and USFWS working in eastern Nebraska. Restoration of the following plant community types is covered in this document: tallgrass prairie, mixed-grass prairie, sand prairie, freshwater wet meadow and marsh, Rainwater Basin wet meadow and marsh, and saline wet meadow and marsh.

The methods we use are generally affordable and not complicated. To quickly summarize, we handpick and machine harvest seed, do little seed cleaning and broadcast plant with a fertilizer spreader. We do not mow annual weeds …

2003 Survey Of Priority Natural Communities In Jefferson County, Nebraska, Robert F. Steinauer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This survey was undertaken to update information on native plant communities and wildlife habitats in Nebraska to facilitate the development of the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission’s (NGPC) Comprehensive Wildlife Plan. The specific intent of the project was to identify and map all large blocks of privately owned native plant communities within the survey area. In 2003, the surveys focused on eastern Nebraska, specifically deciduous forest communities along the Missouri River, tallgrass prairies of southeastern Nebraska (Pawnee, Gage, Jefferson, and eastern Thayer counties), and loess mixed-grass prairies in central Nebraska. A brief survey of the Elkhorn River valley in Madison …

Bats Of Nevis, Northern Lesser Antilles, Scott C. Pedersen, Hugh H. Genoways, Matthew N. Morton, James W. Johnson, Siân E. Courts

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Only one species of bat, Molossus molossus, previously has been documented as occurring on the northern Lesser Antillean island of Nevis. Field research and reviews of existing museum collections have provided documentation based on voucher specimens for an additional seven species occurring on the island — Noctilio leporinus, Brachyphylla cavernarum, Monophyllus plethodon, Ardops nichollsi, Artibeus jamaicensis, Natalus stramineus, and Tadarida brasiliensis. The biological diversity of the chiropteran fauna on Nevis is similar to that found on other islands in the northern Lesser Antilles. Ecologically, this is a simple chiropteran fauna, including one …

Introduction, L. David Mech, Luigi Boitani

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

THE WOLF IS TRULY a special animal. As the most widely distributed of all land mammals, the wolf, formally the gray wolf (Canis lupus), is also one of the most adaptable. It inhabits all the vegetation types of the Northern Hemisphere and preys on all the large mammals living there. It also feeds on all the other animals in its environment, scavenges, and can even eat fruits and berries. Wolves frequent forests and prairies, tundra, barren ground, mountains, deserts, and swamps. Some wolves even visit large cities, and, of course, the wolf's domesticated version, the dog, thrives in …

Wolves And Humans, Steven H. Fritts, Robert O. Stephenson, Robert D. Hayes, Luigi Boitani

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

TRY TO IMAGINE a small group of wolves sitting at a table engaged in vigorous debate. These wolves are from various parts of the globe and are perhaps a bit more scholarly than most. In fact, they are especially knowledgeable about the biology of that notorious two-legged species, Homo sapiens. They have been brought together to document their relationship with humans over the last several millennia. Pause for a few moments and consider what they might say ...

Perhaps the wolves' discussion would chronicle the evils of the human species, including details of atrocities committed against lupine ancestors down …

Wolf Population Dynamics, Todd K. Fuller, L. David Mech, Jean Fitts Cochrane

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

A LARGE, DARK WOLF poked his nose out of the pines in Yellowstone National Park as he thrust a broad foot deep into the snow and plowed ahead. Soon a second animal appeared, then another, and a fourth. A few minutes later, a pack of thirteen lanky wolves had filed out of the pines and onto the open hillside.

Wolf packs are the main social units of a wolf population. As numbers of wolves in packs change, so too, then, does the wolf population (Rausch 1967). Trying to understand the factors and mechanisms that affect these changes is what the …

Wolves: Behavior, Ecology, And Conservation: Photo Section Ii, Douglas W. Smith, L. David Mech, Isaac Babcock, Melissa Mccaw

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Adult wolves are very attentive to the pups. Both parents feed and care for them. Any older siblings similarly participate in pup care and feeding. Kin selection is probably the best explanation for the latter behavior. Top: Photograph by Isaac Babcock. Bottom: Photograph by L. David Mech.

Wolves: Behavior, Ecology, And Conservation: Photo Section I, Douglas W. Smith, Rolf Peterson, L. David Mech, Barron Crawford

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Wolves in Yellowstone National Park's restored population often must compete with grizzly bears at the carcasses of their kills. Especially after their first feeding at a kill, wolves tend to relinquish their kills to bears. Photograph by Doug Smith.

Elk are one of the most common prey of wolves in the northern Rocky Mountains of North America, primarily because in most areas they tend to outnumber other prey. This large bull standing his ground escaped this pack. Photograph by Doug Smith.

Survival Of The Western Pond Turtle (Emys Marmorata) In An Urban California Environment, Phillip Q. Spinks, Gregory B. Pauly, John J. Crayon, H. Bradley Shaffer

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The western pond turtle Emys (formerly Clemmys marmorata) is declining throughout its range, primarily due to loss of habitat via urbanization and conversion to agriculture. Urban waterways present several important challenges to freshwater turtle populations, but they also present an opportunity to maintain declining species in a ubiquitous habitat that has high public visibility. The arboretum waterway on the University of California, Davis campus is an example of an extensively altered urban habitat that supports a relatively large E. marmorata population. Over the last 6 years, we monitored the turtle population inhabiting the arboretum waterway to determine the …

Case Ready And Enhanced Pork - How Do Ingredients Make Them Work?, Mike Baczwaski, Roger W. Mandigo

Nebraska Swine Reports

Case ready pork products have grown at a tremendous rate since the early, large scale introductions of the mid 1990’s. Estimates exceed 9 billion pieces in the near future, up from 500 million in 1997 and 1.2 billion in 2000. Estimates are that between 70-80% of the fresh pork at the supermarket is now utilizing two technologies in the case-ready status. These two technologies include enhancement and marination. Enhancement is the application of a solution of water, salt and sodium phosphates, usually approximately a 12% solution. Marination expands the solution with flavor and texture profiles involving additional ingredients. The major …

2003 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane Reese

Nebraska Swine Reports

Nutrition
Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Economics of Pigs Fed Diets Containing a Corn Germ-Corn Bran Product
Vitamin B₁₂ Requirement for Weanling Pigs
Vitamin B₁₂ and Mecadox^® Supplementation in Weanling Pig Diets
Do Crowded Pigs Respond to Paylean^®?
Comparison of Swine Performance When Fed Diets Containing Corn Root Worm Protected Corn, Parental Line Corn, or Conventional Corn Grown during 2000 in Nebraska
Energy and Nitrogen Utilization of Roundup Ready^® Corn (Event nk603) and Non-Transgenic Corn in Young Pigs
Effect of a Low Phytate, Nutrient Dense Corn on Pig Performance
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Swine …

Vitamin B12 And Mecadox® Supplementation In Weanling Pig Diets, Sara S. Blodgett, Phillip S. Miller, Robert Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment was conducted to assess the responsiveness of weanling pigs to an antibiotic-like compound (Mecadox®) and vitamin B₁₂. Pigs (initial weight 11.3 lb) were fed one of four diets for a total of 35 days: 1) Negative control, common nursery diet with no added Mecadox® or vitamin₁₂; 2) Mecadox®, common nursery diet with 50 g/ton added Mecadox®; 3)B₁₂ common nursery diet with 36.28 µg/lb added vitamin B₁₂. Pig weights and feed disappearance were measured weekly to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (ADG/ADFI). Pigs were …

Do Crowded Pigs Respond To Paylean®?, Mike Brumm, Phillip S. Miller, Robert C. Thaler

Nebraska Swine Reports

Paylean® is a feed additive that improves feed efficiency, daily gain and carcass merit in finishing pigs. Restrictions in space allocation are known to reduce daily feed intake and daily gain. Thus, pigs may not respond as expected to dietary additions of Paylean® if feed intake is reduced due to crowding. A 2 x 2 factorial design was used to examine the potential interaction of Paylean® and space allocation. Experimental treatments were: 1)14 or 19 pigs per pen (8.0 vs 5.9 ft²/pig); and 2) Paylean® for four weeks prior to slaughter (0 or 9 g/T). In this experiment, …

Influence Of Crystalline Or Protein-Bound Lysine On Lysine Utilization For Growth In Pigs, Janeth Colina, Phillip S. Miller, Austin J. Lewis, Robert Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the efficiency of utilization of crystalline lysine relative to the lysine in soybean meal for growth in barrows and gilts fed individually or in groups. One hundred twelve growing pigs (56 barrows and 56 gilts; average initial body weight of 39.6 lb) were sued in each experiment. Pigs were fed individually (I) or in groups of three (G). There were 28 individually penned and 84 in 28 pens with three pigs/pen). There were two replications per treatment in each experiment for a total of four replications. For the 28-day experiments, pigs were fed one …

Influence Of Crystalline Or Protein-Bound Lysine On Growth Performance, Body Protein Deposition And Lysine Utilization In Nursery Pigs, Janeth J. Colina, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Robert L. Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

Experiments have shown that the efficiency of utilization of crystalline amino acids may be lower than that of amino acids bound in protein. A four-week experiment was conducted to determine whether the efficiency of utilization of crystalline lysine was lower than that of lysine in soybean meal for growth and body protein deposition in nursery pigs. A total of 30 pigs (15 barrows and 15 gilts) with initial body weight of 13 lb were blocked by sex and randomly allotted, one per pen, to 30 pens in two nursery facilities. There were six replications per treatment. Six pigs (three barrows …

Comparison Of Swine Performance When Fed Diets Containing Corn Root Worm Protected Corn, Parental Line Corn, Or Conventional Corn Grown During 2000 In Nebraska, Robert L. Fischer, Phillip S. Miller, Sara S. Blodgett, Steven J. Kitt

Nebraska Swine Reports

This experiment was conducted to evaluate growth performance and carcass quality measurements in growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing either Corn Root Worm Protected Corn (CRW0586), the parental control corn (RX670), or two commercial sources of non-genetically modified corn (DK647 and RX740). The experiment used 72 barrows and 72 gilts with an average initial body weight of 50 lb. The pigs were allotted to a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments (two sexes x four corn hybrids). The experiment continued until the average body weight was 260 lb, at which time all pigs were …