Animal Sciences Commons^™

Investigation Of Changes In Fatty Acid Composition At Early Development Stages Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), H. İbrahi̇m Hali̇loğlu, N. Mevlüt Aras, Telat Yanik, Muhammed Atamanalp, E. Mahmut Kocaman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Changes in fatty acid composition were investigated during the early development stages (egg, embryo, alevin and fry) of rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss). It was found that saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, i.e., 14:0, 16:1n-7 and 18:1n-9, were utilized to a greater extent as energy substrates. Quantities of 18:3n-6, 18:4n-3, 20:2n-6 and 22:5n-3 fatty acids were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) during early development. The most significant depletion was observed in monounsaturated fatty acids, which fell from 33.89% to 23.41% during development while n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids fell from 16% to 12.9%.

Histopathologic Changes In Liver And Renal Tissues Induced By Different Doses Of Diclofenac Sodium In Rats, Gülsen Aydin, Alparslan Gökçi̇men, Meral Öncü, Ekrem Çi̇çek, Nermi̇n Karahan, Osman Gökalp

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are in common use worldwide. These drugs may sometimes be used in high or toxic doses by mistake. In this study we investigated the effects of different doses of diclofenac sodium on liver and renal tissues. Forty albino adult male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 220 g were divided equally into four groups. The rats in the control group (n = 10) were each intramuscularly injected with 1 cc of physiologic saline. The other three groups were given diclofenac sodium doses. The rats in the first (n = 10), second (n = 10) and third (n …

Purification Of Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase From Goose Erythrocytes And Kinetic Properties, Şükrü Beydemi̇r, Hayrullah Yilmaz, Mehmet Çi̇ftçi̇, Ebubeki̇r Bakan, Ömer İrfan Küfrevi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was purified from goose erythrocytes and some characteristics of the enzyme were investigated. The purification procedure was composed of 3 steps: hemolysate preparation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and 2', 5'-ADP Sepharose 4B affinity gel chromatography. Thanks to the 3 consecutive procedures, the enzyme, having a specific activity of 36.2 EU/mg protein, was purified for a yield of 68.79% and 3892 folds; to ascertain enzyme purity, SDS-PAGE was performed. Optimal pH, stable pH, optimal temperature, molecular weight, and K_m and V_{max} values for NADP^+ and glucose 6-phosphate (G6-P) substrates were also determined for the enzyme. In addition, K_i …

Bacteriological Examination Of Urine Samples From Dogs With Symptoms Of Urinary Tract Infection, Cengi̇z Çeti̇n, Sezgi̇n Şentürk, Ali̇ Levent Kocabiyik, Mutlu Temi̇zel, Ebru Özel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study, a total of 100 urine samples obtained by antepubic cystocentesis from dogs with symptoms of urinary tract infection were examined bacteriologically. Bacteria were isolated from 38 of 100 urine samples. No significant difference was determined when the frequency of bacteriuria was compared between female and male dogs and in 2 different age groups (

Level Of Aflatoxin In Some Fish Feeds From Fish Farming Processes, Feed Factories And Imported Feeds, Gülşen Altuğ, Gülsün Özyurt

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Aflatoxins that are toxic metabolites for human and animals were determined in some fish feed. Eighty-five unit samples taken from "fish farming processes", "feed factories" and "imported feeds" in 1998, 1999 and 2000 were analyzed. In the analysis, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique were used. Consequently, aflatoxin levels above 20 ppb were detected in 20 samples and from 21.2 to 42.4 ppb in 85 samples. In 22 samples aflatoxin levels from 5.0 to 20.0 ppb were detected. Aflatoxin B1 analysis was performed on all samples with aflatoxin levels of more than 20 ppb. Most …

Effect Of Cadmium Accumulation On Total Protein Levels In Tilapia Nilotica, Mustafa Kalay, Cahi̇t Erdem

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to determine the accumulation of cadmium in different tissues of Tilapia nilotica and to establish the influence of this accumulation on total protein levels in liver and kidney tissues. At the end of each experimental period; gill, liver and kidney tissues from the animals were dissected and their cadmium accumulation was determined using atomic absorbtion spectrophotometry. Liver and kidney tissues were homogenised to determine total protein levels. The protein contents of the tissue homogenates were determined by the Lowry method. Cadmium accumulation was higher in the gill, liver and kidney tissues. Cadmium primarily …

Reproduction Of The Silverbelly (Leiognathus Klunzingeri Steindachner, 1898) In Yumurtalık Bight (Adana), Turkey, Meltem Özütok, Dursun Avşar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This present study was performed to identify reproductive peculiarities of the silverbelly (Leiognathus klunzingeri) in Yumurtalık Bight. For this purpose, 430 individuals were obtained by monthly sampling between October 1997 and September 1998 and then they were examined. By using the monthly changes in the mean values of the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) and Fulton's Condition Factor (K), we found that reproduction period occurred between July and September, length at first maturity was 5.8 cm and 5.5 cm for males and females, respectively, egg diameter was between 0.8 and 1.0 mm and mean annual fecundity was 2789 ± 2109.

A Guide To Prairie And Wetland Restoration In Eastern Nebraska, Gerry Steinauer, Bill Whitney, Krista Adams, Mike Bullerman, Chris Helzer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This publication documents the restoration methods originally developed by Bill Whitney and later refined by himself and other ecologists from TNC, PRCT, NGPC and USFWS working in eastern Nebraska. Restoration of the following plant community types is covered in this document: tallgrass prairie, mixed-grass prairie, sand prairie, freshwater wet meadow and marsh, Rainwater Basin wet meadow and marsh, and saline wet meadow and marsh.

The methods we use are generally affordable and not complicated. To quickly summarize, we handpick and machine harvest seed, do little seed cleaning and broadcast plant with a fertilizer spreader. We do not mow annual weeds …

2003 Survey Of Priority Natural Communities In Jefferson County, Nebraska, Robert F. Steinauer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This survey was undertaken to update information on native plant communities and wildlife habitats in Nebraska to facilitate the development of the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission’s (NGPC) Comprehensive Wildlife Plan. The specific intent of the project was to identify and map all large blocks of privately owned native plant communities within the survey area. In 2003, the surveys focused on eastern Nebraska, specifically deciduous forest communities along the Missouri River, tallgrass prairies of southeastern Nebraska (Pawnee, Gage, Jefferson, and eastern Thayer counties), and loess mixed-grass prairies in central Nebraska. A brief survey of the Elkhorn River valley in Madison …

Case Ready And Enhanced Pork - How Do Ingredients Make Them Work?, Mike Baczwaski, Roger W. Mandigo

Nebraska Swine Reports

Case ready pork products have grown at a tremendous rate since the early, large scale introductions of the mid 1990’s. Estimates exceed 9 billion pieces in the near future, up from 500 million in 1997 and 1.2 billion in 2000. Estimates are that between 70-80% of the fresh pork at the supermarket is now utilizing two technologies in the case-ready status. These two technologies include enhancement and marination. Enhancement is the application of a solution of water, salt and sodium phosphates, usually approximately a 12% solution. Marination expands the solution with flavor and texture profiles involving additional ingredients. The major …

2003 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane Reese

Nebraska Swine Reports

Nutrition
Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Economics of Pigs Fed Diets Containing a Corn Germ-Corn Bran Product
Vitamin B₁₂ Requirement for Weanling Pigs
Vitamin B₁₂ and Mecadox^® Supplementation in Weanling Pig Diets
Do Crowded Pigs Respond to Paylean^®?
Comparison of Swine Performance When Fed Diets Containing Corn Root Worm Protected Corn, Parental Line Corn, or Conventional Corn Grown during 2000 in Nebraska
Energy and Nitrogen Utilization of Roundup Ready^® Corn (Event nk603) and Non-Transgenic Corn in Young Pigs
Effect of a Low Phytate, Nutrient Dense Corn on Pig Performance
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Swine …

Vitamin B12 And Mecadox® Supplementation In Weanling Pig Diets, Sara S. Blodgett, Phillip S. Miller, Robert Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment was conducted to assess the responsiveness of weanling pigs to an antibiotic-like compound (Mecadox®) and vitamin B₁₂. Pigs (initial weight 11.3 lb) were fed one of four diets for a total of 35 days: 1) Negative control, common nursery diet with no added Mecadox® or vitamin₁₂; 2) Mecadox®, common nursery diet with 50 g/ton added Mecadox®; 3)B₁₂ common nursery diet with 36.28 µg/lb added vitamin B₁₂. Pig weights and feed disappearance were measured weekly to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (ADG/ADFI). Pigs were …

Do Crowded Pigs Respond To Paylean®?, Mike Brumm, Phillip S. Miller, Robert C. Thaler

Nebraska Swine Reports

Paylean® is a feed additive that improves feed efficiency, daily gain and carcass merit in finishing pigs. Restrictions in space allocation are known to reduce daily feed intake and daily gain. Thus, pigs may not respond as expected to dietary additions of Paylean® if feed intake is reduced due to crowding. A 2 x 2 factorial design was used to examine the potential interaction of Paylean® and space allocation. Experimental treatments were: 1)14 or 19 pigs per pen (8.0 vs 5.9 ft²/pig); and 2) Paylean® for four weeks prior to slaughter (0 or 9 g/T). In this experiment, …

Influence Of Crystalline Or Protein-Bound Lysine On Lysine Utilization For Growth In Pigs, Janeth Colina, Phillip S. Miller, Austin J. Lewis, Robert Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the efficiency of utilization of crystalline lysine relative to the lysine in soybean meal for growth in barrows and gilts fed individually or in groups. One hundred twelve growing pigs (56 barrows and 56 gilts; average initial body weight of 39.6 lb) were sued in each experiment. Pigs were fed individually (I) or in groups of three (G). There were 28 individually penned and 84 in 28 pens with three pigs/pen). There were two replications per treatment in each experiment for a total of four replications. For the 28-day experiments, pigs were fed one …

Influence Of Crystalline Or Protein-Bound Lysine On Growth Performance, Body Protein Deposition And Lysine Utilization In Nursery Pigs, Janeth J. Colina, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Robert L. Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

Experiments have shown that the efficiency of utilization of crystalline amino acids may be lower than that of amino acids bound in protein. A four-week experiment was conducted to determine whether the efficiency of utilization of crystalline lysine was lower than that of lysine in soybean meal for growth and body protein deposition in nursery pigs. A total of 30 pigs (15 barrows and 15 gilts) with initial body weight of 13 lb were blocked by sex and randomly allotted, one per pen, to 30 pens in two nursery facilities. There were six replications per treatment. Six pigs (three barrows …

Comparison Of Swine Performance When Fed Diets Containing Corn Root Worm Protected Corn, Parental Line Corn, Or Conventional Corn Grown During 2000 In Nebraska, Robert L. Fischer, Phillip S. Miller, Sara S. Blodgett, Steven J. Kitt

Nebraska Swine Reports

This experiment was conducted to evaluate growth performance and carcass quality measurements in growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing either Corn Root Worm Protected Corn (CRW0586), the parental control corn (RX670), or two commercial sources of non-genetically modified corn (DK647 and RX740). The experiment used 72 barrows and 72 gilts with an average initial body weight of 50 lb. The pigs were allotted to a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments (two sexes x four corn hybrids). The experiment continued until the average body weight was 260 lb, at which time all pigs were …

Effects Of Glutamine On Growth Performance And Intestinal Development Of Immune Challenged Weanling Pigs Fed Chemically Defined Diets, Steven J. Kitt, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

Glutamine is currently considered a nonessential amino acid for pigs. In this study we investigated whether glutamine is essential during an acute immune challenge. Thirty-six individually housed 20-day old pigs were blocked by location and allotted to one of three purified dietary treatments: 1)contained no L-Glutamine (CON), 2) contained 5% L-Glutamine (GLN), or 3) contained no L-glutamine but was equalized to GLN diet on a nitrogen basis with other nonessential amino acids (AA). Pigs were fed these diets for a 14-day growth assay. On day 7, one half of the pigs from each treatment were injected with 200 µg•kg BW …

Progress In Estimating Setback Distances For Livestock Facilities, Richard K. Koelsch, Dennis D. Schulte, Lakshmi Koppolu

Nebraska Swine Reports

The University of Minnesota has introduced a tool used by county planners and livestock producers for developing a science-based estimate of setback distances between a livestock facility and neighbors. This paper provides an overview of the tool and an example illustrating the process for estimating setback distances. Minnesota’s development efforts have resulted in the first scientifically based tool being used in the United States for public policy decisions for location of livestock facilities. More recently, University of Nebraska faculty have initiated a cooperative development effort with the Minnesota team to develop a Nebraska Odor Footprint tool which will perform a …

Fatty Acid Composition Of Fresh Pork Bellies -Implications To Bacon Production?, Carmina Robles, Betsy Booren, Roger W. Mandigo

Nebraska Swine Reports

Commercial bacon processors often raise concerns regarding the management practice of frozen storage of the bellies prior to curing and processing for sliced bacon. Deterioration of quality measures is a concern and is usually attributed to freezer storage. A secondary issue, in the production of bacon including those processed from frozen bellies, is the effect of breed and sex of pigs. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to determine the effect of a 15-day frozen storage time, the genetics, and sex of the pig on the quality and fatty acid profile of pork bellies. Frozen storage of fresh pork bellies did …

Observations On The Mole Vole, Ellobius Lutescens Thomas 1897, (Mammalia: Rodentia) In Turkey, Yüksel Coşkun, Servet Ulutürk

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Ellobius lutescens is the only species of the genus Ellobius living in eastern Anatolia. They are highly adapted to underground life. There is no knowledge about the ecological peculiarities, population structures or detailed range of this species in Turkey. Data were recorded during field studies and laboratory observations of 42 specimens collected from 12 different localities. The distribution area is 8 km north of Muradiye in the north, the eastern border beyond the Turkish border, 32 km north of Çatak in the south, 5-6 km east of Uysal in the west, and Yüksekova in the southeast, the eastern border beyond …

The Effects Of Classic And Variant Infectious Bursal Disease Viruses On Lymphocyte Populations In Specific-Pathogen-Free White Leghorn Chickens, Christina L. Johnson, Ashley K. Cox, April D. Keeter, Will J. Quinn, Gisela F. Erf, Lisa A. Newberry

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a pathogen that primarily infects B lymphocytes in domestic avian species. This viral infection has been associated with immunosuppression, clinical disease/mortality, and enteric malabsorption effects. The purpose of this experiment was to compare the effects of a classic (USDA-STC) and a new variant IBDV (RB-4, known to induce primarily the enteric disease) on immune cell populations in lymphoid organs. Seventeen-day-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) White Leghorn chickens were either not infected (control) or inoculated with either USDA-STC or RB-4 IBD viral isolate. On days 3 and 5 post-inoculation (PI), lymphoid tissues were collected to prepare cell …

Phase-Feeding Affects Crude Protein Intake, Excretion, And Retention Of Broilers From 21 To 63 Days, Niki Loupe, Trey Pope, Padmakumar Pillai, Jason Emmert

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

An experiment was conducted to assess effects of phase-feeding (PF) on crude protein (CP) intake, excretion, and retention of broilers. Six birds were housed individually and were fed diets formulated using recommendations from National Research Council (NRC) or linear regression equations. Two PF treatments were prepared: standard (PF) and low (PF10), in which predicted lysine, sulfur amino acids, and threonine recommendations were reduced by 10%. For PF and PF10, two diets (high-nutrient and low-nutrient density) were blended in variable quantities to produce rations matching predicted amino acid requirements over two intervals. Birds were fed a single NRC grower and finisher …

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 4 2003, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Protection Against A Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (Bvdv) Type 1 Challenge In Calves Vaccinated With A Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (Bhv-1)-Bvdv Recombinant, Heather J. Swan, Lyle J. Braun, Leonard J. Bello, William C. Lawrence, Reg D. Neiger, Christopher C.L. Chase

South Dakota Beef Report, 2003

A recently developed recombinant bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) virus containing the envelope protein gp53 of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type 1, BHV-1 (v1V31), was assessed for its ability to protect against BVDV in calves. Four calves were vaccinated intranasally with the recombinant BHV-1-BVDV vaccine and did not exhibit any clinical signs following vaccination. The vaccine virus was recovered from all vaccinated calves on days 8 through 10 and the replication appeared to be restricted to nasal passages. Twenty-eight days after vaccination, the four vaccinated and four control calves were challenged with the type 1 BVDV, strain NY-1. All calves …

Hydrodynamic Stability Of Swimming In Ostraciid Fishes: Role Of The Carapace In The Smooth Trunkfish Lactophrys Triqueter (Teleostei : Ostraciidae), Ian K. Bartol, Morteza Gharib, Daniel Weihs, Paul W. Webb, Jay R. Hove, Malcolm S. Gordon

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The hydrodynamic bases for the stability of locomotory motions in fishes are poorly understood, even for those fishes, such as the rigid-bodied smooth trunkfish Lactophrys triqueter, that exhibit unusually small amplitude recoil movements during rectilinear swimming. We have studied the role played by the bony carapace of the smooth trunkfish in generating trimming forces that self-correct for instabilities. The flow patterns, forces and moments on and around anatomically exact, smooth trunkfish models positioned at both pitching and yawing angles of attack were investigated using three methods: digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV), pressure distribution measurements, and force balance measurements. Models …

Foraging Ecology And Habitat Selection Of The Western Yellow Robin (Eopsaltria Griseogularis) In A Wandoo Woodland, Western Australia : Conservation Ecology Of A Declining Species, Jarrad A. Cousin

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study examined the foraging ecology and habitat selection of the Western Yellow Robin in Wandoo Woodland at Dryandra Woodland, Western Australia. The foraging ecology component was comprised of an examination of foraging behaviour, perch-use selection and pounce-site characteristics. The habitat selection component was comprised of an examination of habitat characteristics of site occupancy and general nesting ecology. The implications of current management at Dryandra Woodland to the ecology of the Western Yellow Robin are discussed in reference to the findings of the present study. Ground-pouncing was the dominant foraging behaviour throughout all seasons, with dead branches of live subcanopy …

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Baker's Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) In Dairy Cow Diets On Milk Yield, Some Rumen Fluid Parameters And Blood Metabolites Of Dairy Cow Diets, Hüseyi̇n Nursoy, Erol Baytok

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of baker's yeast as a protein source instead of soybean meal in dairy cow diets. Four dairy cows were utilized in a 4 x 4 Latin Square experiment. Diets included 0.0% (Control Diet), 6.6% (Diet 1), 13.2% (Diet 2), and 19.8% (Diet 3) baker's yeast containing 3.56 x 10^8 CFU/g. Forty percent of the dry matter intake of dairy cows was supplied from concentrate, and forage was offered ad libitum. The dry matter intake, milk yield, and composition of milk were similar. While the rumen NH_3-N level was significantly low …

Determination Of The Botanical And Chemical Composition Of The Pasture Diet Selected By Llamas (Lama Glama) During The Rainy Season In The Community Of Pujrata, Cristóbal Achu Nina

Theses and Dissertations

Llamas (Lama glama) take advantage of poor natural forage (grasses and others) due to their efficient digestive physiology that is adapted for this type of forage. The problem now faced is the gradual exhaustion of the native grassland (low phytomass production). The vegetation does not cover the dry matter consumption requirements, and less so the nutrient requirements, of these animals. Because of this there is the necessity of determining the botanical composition, pasture selection by plant parts, and chemical composition of what llamas ingest in order to improve these animals' nutrition in the pasture. This study occurred at the Larqa …

Answers (Tekzip) To Letter: The Ostracoda (Crustacea) Fauna Of Lakes Erikli Hamam, Mert, Pedina And Saka (İgneada, Kırklareli, Turkey) Külköylüoğlu, O., Usta, E., & Babaç, M.T. (2002) Turk. J. Zool. Volume: 26, İssue: 3, 263-263, Selçuk Altinsaçli

Turkish Journal of Zoology

No abstract provided.