Animal Sciences Commons^™

Prerigor Injection Using Glycolytic Inhibitors In Low-Quality Beef Muscles, N. C. Jerez, Chris R. Calkins, J. Velazco

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of prerigor injection of several glycolytic inhibitors on pH, color, tenderness, and related traits of low-value beef cuts. The semimembranosus, triceps brachii, and supraspinatus muscles from each of 10 steer carcasses were removed 1 h postmortem. Control samples remained in the carcass at 2°C for 24 h. Prerigor muscles were injected and tumbled with 10% (by weight) of one of four solutions: sodium citrate (NaC; 200mM), sodium fluoride (NaF; 200mM), sodium acetate (NaA; 200 mM), and calcium chloride (CaCl2; 300 mM). All muscles treated with NaC and NaF showed the …

Growth And The Expression Of Alternative Life Cycles In The Salamander Ambystoma Talpoideum (Caudata: Ambystomatidae), Travis J. Ryan, Raymond D. Semlitsch

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Complex life cycles (CLCs) contain larval and adult phases that are morphologically and ecologically distinct. Simple life cycles (SLCs) have evolved from CLCs repeatedly in a wide variety of lineages but the processes that may underlie the transition have rarely been identified or investigated experimentally. We examined the influence of larval growth rate on the facultative expression of alternative life cycles (metamorphosis or maturation as gill-bearing adults [= paedomorphosis]) in the salamander Ambystoma talpoideum. We manipulated growth rates by altering the amount of food individuals received throughout larval development. The expression of alternative life cycles in A. talpoideum is influenced …

Undegradable Intake Protein Supplementation Of Compensating Spring-Born Steers And Summer-Born Steers During Summer Grazing, K. W. Creighton, C. B. Wilson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three trials were conducted to determine the effects of previous winter gain (Trials 1 and 3) and age of calf (Trials 1 and 2) on response to undegradable intake protein (UIP) supplementation during summer grazing. In Trial 1, 48 spring-born steers (243 kg) were used in a 4 &#;&#;2 factorial arrangement. Steers were wintered at four rates of gain: 0.65 (FAST), 0.24 (SLOW), 0.38 (S/F), and 0.38 (F/S) kg/d. The intermediate rates of gain (S/F and F/S) were created by switching steers from slow to fast or fast to slow midway through the wintering period. Following winter treatments, steers were …

Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Milk Production Traits In Finnish Ayrshire Dairy Cattle, S. M. Viitala, N. F. Schulman, D. J. De Koning, K. Elo, R. Kinos, A. Virta, J. Virta, A. Mäki-Tanila, J. H. Vilkki

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A whole genome scan of Finnish Ayrshire was conducted tomap quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting milk production. The analysis included 12 half-sib families containing a total of 494 bulls in a granddaughter design. The families were genotyped with 150 markers to construct a 2764 cM (Haldane) male linkage map. In this study interval mapping with multiple-marker regression approach was extended to analyse multiple chromosomes simultaneously. The method uses identified QTL on other chromosomes as cofactors to increase mapping power. The existence of multiple QTL on the same linkage group was also analyzed by fitting a two-QTL model to the analysis. …

Influence Of Glyphosate-Tolerant (Event Nk603) And Corn Rootworm Protected (Event Mon863) Corn Silage And Grain On Feed Consumption And Milk Production In Holstein Cattle, R. J. Grant, K. C. Fanning

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of a glyphosate-tolerant (event nk603) and a corn rootworm protected (event MON863) corn hybrid on feed intake and milk production compared with the nontransgenic hybrid and two reference hybrids. In Experiment 1, 16 multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to one of four treatments in replicated 4 × 4 Latin squares with 28- d periods. Diets contained 40% (dry matter [DM] basis) of either 1) glyphosate-tolerant corn silage (GT), 2) nontransgenic control corn silage, or 3) two nontransgenic reference hybrids which are commercially available. Each diet also contained 23% corn grain from the …

Heritability Of Intramammary Infections At First Parturition And Relationships With Sire Transmitting Abilities For Somatic Cell Score, Udder Type Traits, Productive Life, And Protein Yield, D. L. Nash, G. W. Rogers, J. B. Cooper, G. L. Hargrove, Jeffrey F. Keown

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine the relationships among daughter intramammary infections at first parturition and sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield. Quarter milk samples from 958 daughters (in eight Pennsylvania herds and one Nebraska herd) of 182 Holstein sires were collected within a few days of first calving and cultured to determine intramammary infection status. A total of 446 cows had intramammary infections in 835 quarters at first parturition. Incidence of intramammary infections at first parturition and the proportion of quarters infected per cow were regressed on age …

Effect Of Chronic Treatment With The Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Azagly-Nafarelin On Basal Concentrations Of Lh In Prepubertal Bulls, H. Jiménez-Severiano, M. J. D'Occhio, D. D. Lunstra, M. L. Mussard, J. W. Koch, L. R. Ehnis, W. J. Enright, J. E. Kinder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Administration of GnRH agonist for an extended period inhibits pulsatile LH release but enhances testicular function of bulls. The mechanism whereby long-term administration of GnRH agonist enhances testosterone concentration in the blood of bulls has not been determined. The aim of this study was to determine whether chronic treatment with the GnRH agonist, azagly-nafarelin, increases blood concentrations of LH and FSH in prepubertal bulls. Two different doses of the GnRH agonist were administered via Alzet mini-osmotic pumps for 28 days. Blood samples were collected at 20 min intervals for 24 h at days 2, 13 and 25 of treatment. Agonist-treated …

The Effect Of Corn Silage Particle Size And Cottonseed Hulls On Cows In Early Lactation, P. J. Kononoff, A. J. Heinrichs

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of reducing forage particle length (FPL) and the inclusion of cottonseed hulls (CSH) on intake, digestibility, chewing activity, and milk production of cows in early lactation. Sixteen multiparous cows averaging 17 ± 3 d in milk and 677 ± 58 kg BW were assigned to one of four 4 × 4 Latin squares. One square contained ruminally cannulated cows to evaluate effects of treatment on rumen fermentation and function. During each of the 23-d periods, cows were offered one of four total mixed rations that differed in particle length (long …

The Effect Of Corn Silage Particle Size On Eating Behavior, Chewing Activities, And Rumen Fermentation In Lactating Dairy Cows, P. J. Kononoff, A. J. Heinrichs, H. A. Lehman

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate effects of reducing corn silage particle size on eating behavior, chewing activity, and rumen fermentation in lactating dairy cows. Four cannulated, multiparous cows averaging 110 ± 4 d in milk and weighing 675 ± 70 kg were randomly assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square. During each of four 14-d periods, animals were offered one of four diets that were chemically similar but varied in corn silage particle size: short (SH), mostly short (MSH), mostly long (MLG), and long (LG), with a geometric mean particle length of 7.4, 7.8, 8.3, and …

Effects Of Final Implant Type And Supplementation Of Melengestrol Acetate® On Finishing Feedlot Heifer Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Feeding Economics1, C. N. Macken, C. T. Milton, T. J. Klopfenstein, B, D, Dicke, D. E. Mcclellan

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three finishing experiments were conducted in commercial feedlots to determine effects of implant programs on finishing heifer performance, carcass characteristics, and economics. A total of 3,307 heifers were used in the three experiments. Overall, four treatment comparisons were tested within the three separate experiments. Treatment groups included the following: 1) heifers implanted with Synovex® Plus (Fort Dodge Animal Health; Fort Dodge, IA) but not fed melengestrol acetate (MGA®; Pharmacia and Upjohn Company; Kalamazoo, MI) , 2) heifers implanted with Synovex® Plus and fed MGA®, 3) heifer implanted with Revalor®-H (Intervet Inc.; Millsboro, DE) and fed MGA®, and 4) …

The Ability Of The N-Alkane Technique To Estimate Intake And Diet Choice Of Sheep, R. M. Lewis, A. M. Magadlela, N. S. Jessop, G. C. Emmans

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

This study assessed the efficacy of the n-alkane technique to estimate intake and diet composition in animals given single foods or a choice of two. In thefirst experiment intakes of pelleted ryegrassand lucerne, given eitheralone or as a choice, were measured in lambshoused indoors in individual pens. Each of the three feeding treatments was given to 12 lambs at two degrees of maturity (0.30 and 0·45 of estimated mature sizes). The 12 lambs were constituted as three replicates of the two sexes of each of two breeds. The measured intakes werecompared with those estimated using the n-alkanes C31 andC33, found …

Chemotactic Role Of Neurotropin 3 In The Embryonic Testis That Facilitates Male Sex Determination, Andrea S. Cupp, Mehmet Uzumcu, Michael F. Skinner

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The first morphological event after initiation of male sex determination is seminiferous cord formation in the embryonic testis. Cord formation requires migration of pre-peritubular myoid cells from the adjacent mesonephros. The embryonic Sertoli cells are the first testicular cells to differentiate and have been shown to express neurotropin-3 (NT3), which can act on highaffinity trkC receptors expressed on migrating mesonephros cells. NT3 expression is elevated in the embryonic testis during the time of seminiferous cord formation. A trkC receptor tyrophostin inhibitor, AG879, was found to inhibit seminiferous cord formation and mesonephros cell migration. Beads containing NT3 were found to directly …

Block And Bridle Annual, 2003

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Historians Welcome
Mission & Emblem
Calendar of Events
Treasurer's Report
List of Members
Department Head Address
Members
Officers
Initiates
Advisors
Steak Fry
State Fair Herdsmanship
Beef Pit
Little Ak-Sar-Ben
PASE
Holiday Gathering
Kid's Day
Little MAEC
Big Red Beef Show
National Convention
State Agricultural Education Contests
Honors Banquet
2002 Honoree
2003 Honoree
Animal Science Department Awards
Senior Judging Teams
Junior Judging Teams
Animal Science Faculty
Faces of Block & Bridle
Advertisements
Advertiser's Index

Megapode Newsletter 17(1)-21(2) (2003-2008), World Pheasant Association, Birdlife International, Ssc Megapode Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

Volume 17, Number 1 (April 2003)

Editors: René W. R. J. Dekker and Darryl N. Jones

Viable population of Bruijn's Brush-turkey Aepypodius bruijnii discovered, Iwein Mauro

A new, a forgotten and a lost specimen of Bruijn's Brush-turkey Aepypodius bruijnii, C. W. Moeliker, C. J. Heij, J. N. J. Post, and E. J. O. Kompanje

Successful synanthropy in an Australian megapode, Darryl N. Jones

Monitoring the Nicobar megapode Megapodius nicobariensis: Phase I, Current status and conservation of the Nicobar megapode Megapodius nicobariensis, K. Sivakumar

Megapode Genetics Project proposal, Gillian C. Baker

Polynesian megapode Megapodius pritchardii status survey on …

An Ecological Study Of The Spotted Salamander, Ambystoma Maculatum, And Jefferson Salamander, A. Jeffersonianum, In West Virginia, Seth J. Myers

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The movements of Spotted Salamanders, Ambystoma maculatum, and Jefferson Salamanders, A. jeffersonianum, in and out of an ephemeral wetland in West Virginia were monitored for one breeding season using a drift fence lined with funnel traps. Significant movements of A. jeffersonianum coincided with rainfall and maximum daily air temperatures reaching a minimum of 5° C. Significant movements of A. maculatum coincided with rainfall and maximum daily air temperatures of at least 10° C. A. jeffersonianum preceded A. maculatum to the breeding site. Males of both species preceded females. The mark-recapture estimate of A. maculatum is 67 males and 25 females. …

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Supplementation To Meet Metabolizable Protein Requirements Of Primiparous Beef Heifers: Ii. Pregnancy And Economics, H. H. Patterson, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein, R. T. Clark, B. Teichert

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Metabolizable protein (MP) requirements of spring calving heifers increase over the winter due to advancing gestation. The MP content of grazed winter forage is low, which may result in an MP deficiency. The objective was to compare the response of supplementing pregnant yearling heifers to meet MP requirements versus conventional CP supplementation. In 1997–98 and in 1998–99, pregnant, March-calving heifers (2,120 animals; 358 kg) at two locations of a commercial ranch in the Nebraska Sandhills, were used following breeding through calving as 2-yr-olds (cows). Heifers were randomly allotted to one of two supplementation treatments (about 265 heifers/treatment) each year at …

Supplementation To Meet Metabolizable Protein Requirements Of Primiparous Beef Heifers: I. Performance, Forage Intake, And Nutrient Balance, H. H. Patterson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams, Jacqueline Musgrave

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of supplementing primiparous heifers based on the metabolizable protein (MP) system during pregnancy and lactation. In Exp. 1, 12 pregnant, March-calving heifers (432 ± 10 kg) grazing Sandhills range were randomly allotted to one of two treatments: supplementation based on either the MP system (MPR) or the CP system (CPR). Supplements were fed to individual heifers from October to February and no hay was offered. Grazed forage organic matter intake (FOMI) was measured in November, January, and February. In Exp. 2, 18 heifers (424 ± 8 kg) were randomly allotted to one …

The Effect Of Reducing Alfalfa Haylage Particle Size On Cows In Early Lactation, P. J. Kononoff, A. J. Heinrichs

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate effects of reducing forage particle size on cows in early lactation based on measurements of the Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS). Eight cannulated, multiparous cows averaging 19 ± 4 d in milk and 642 ± 45 kg BW were assigned to one of two 4 × 4 Latin Squares. During each of the 23-d periods, animals were offered one of four diets, which were chemically identical but included alfalfa haylage of different particle size; short (SH), mostly short (MSH), mostly long (MLG), and long (LG). Physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) was …

Modification Of The Penn State Forage And Total Mixed Ration Particle Separator And The Effects Of Moisture Content On Its Measurements, P. J. Kononoff, A. J. Heinrichs, D. R. Buckmaster

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The Penn State Particle Separator has led to widespread measurement of forage and total mixed ration (TMR) particle size. However, a large proportion of small particles may pass through both sieves when a TMR is analyzed, and field research has suggested that both shaking frequency and sample dry matter may affect the results. The objectives of this project were to test the effects of an additional sieve with a smaller aperture size, shaking frequency, and sample moisture content on results obtained. A sieve was constructed out of wire with a nominal size aperture of 1.18 mm. Samples of alfalfa haylage, …

Estrogen Receptor-Α Populations Change With Age In Commercial Laying Hens, K.K. Hansen, R.J. Kittok, G. Sarath, C.F. Toombs, N. Caceres, M.M. Beck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Older hens in production lay larger but fewer eggs than younger birds, and the incidence of soft and broken shells is greater in older hens than younger. These changes are attributable at least in part to changing hormone profiles and diminished ability of the hen to transport calcium at the duodenum. In further exploration of this relationship, a study was conducted with three ages of Hy-Line W-36 birds: prelay pullets (PL; 19 wk, 0% production), peak-production hens (PP; 29 wk, ∼93% production), and late-stage hens (LS; 71 wk, ∼80% production). Hens from the PP and LS groups were palpated for …

Interaction Between Bunk Management And Monensin Concentration On Finishing Performance, Feeding Behavior, And Ruminal Metabolism During An Acidosis Challenge With Feedlot Cattle, Galen Erickson, C. T. Milton, K. C. Fanning, R. J. Cooper, R. S. Swingle, J. C. Parrott, G. Vogel, Terry Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two commercial feedlot experiments and a metabolism study were conducted to evaluate the effects of monensin concentrations and bunk management strategies on performance, feed intake, and ruminal metabolism. In the feedlot experiments, 1,793 and 1,615 steers were used in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively, in 18 pens for each experiment (six pens/treatment). Three treatments were evaluated: 1) ad libitum bunk management with 28.6 mg/kg monensin and clean bunk management strategies with either 2) 28.6 or 3) 36.3 mg/ kg monensin. In both experiments, 54 to 59% of the clean bunk pens were clean at targeted clean time, or 2200, compared …

Effect Of Feeding Glyphosate-Tolerant (Roundup-Ready Events Ga21 Or Nk603) Corn Compared With Reference Hybrids On Feedlot Steer Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Galen Erickson, N. D. Robbins, J. J. Simon, L. L. Berger, Terry Klopfenstein, E. P. Stanisiewski, G. F. Hartnell

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments were conducted to compare the feeding value of genetically enhanced corn (Roundup Ready corn events GA21 and nk603) with nontransgenic hybrids. The four treatments included two separate reference hybrids (REF), the near-isogenic control hybrid (CON), and the genetically enhanced corn (RR), resulting in two preplanned comparisons of CON vs. RR and RR vs. the average of REF. In Exp. 1 (RR event GA21), 175 steers (BW = 427 kg) were fed in 25 pens with seven pens per corn hybrid, except CON, which contained four pens due to limited quantities of that hybrid. In Exp. 2 (RR event …

Corn Processing Method In Finishing Diets Containing Wet Corn Gluten Feed, T. L. Scott, C. T. Milton, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, Rick A. Stock

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of corn processing method on performance and carcass traits in steers fed finishing diets containing wet corn gluten feed (WCGF). In Trial 1, 480 steer calves (303 kg initial BW) were fed eight finishing diets: 1) dry-rolled corn (DRC) without; and 2) with 32% (DM basis) WCGF; 3) steam-flaked corn (SFC) without; and 4) with WCGF; 5) a combination of DRC and SFC without WCGF; 6) finely-ground corn (FGC) with WCGF; 7) high-moisture corn (HMC) with WCGF; and 8) whole corn (WC) with WCGF. Feeding WC + WCGF increased (P < 0.10) DMI and decreased gain:feed compared with all other treatments. Feeding DRC + WCGF increased (P < 0.10) DMI and decreased (P < 0.10) gain:feed compared with treatments other than WC + WCGF. Steers on treatments that included WCGF gained similarly, regardless of corn processing method, and at a rate 6% faster (P < 0.10) than steers fed diets that did not include WCGF. Gain:feed did not differ among steers fed SFC, SFC + WCGF, SFC + DRC, and HMC + WCGF. Steers fed SFC or SFC + WCGF were more efficient (P < 0.10) than steers fed DRC or FGC + WCGF. In Trial 2, 288 steer calves (382 kg initial BW) were fed six finishing diets: 1) DRC without; and 2) with 22% (DM basis) WCGF; 3) SFC without; and 4) with WCGF; 5) finely rolled corn (FRC) with WCGF; and 6) HMC corn with WCGF. Steers fed DRC + WCGF or FRC + WCGF consumed more DM (P < 0.10) than steers fed DRC, SFC, or SFC + WCGF. Feed intake did not differ between steers fed SFC + WCGF and HMC + WCGF. All treatment groups receiving WCGF consumed more DM (P < 0.10) feed than steers fed DRC or SFC without WCGF. Steers fed SFC + WCGF gained 8% faster (P < 0.10), and steers fed DRC 9.5% slower (P < 0.10) than steers receiving all other treatments. Daily gains did not differ among other treatment groups. Steers fed SFC or SFC + WCGF gained 10% more (P < 0.10) efficiently than all other treatment groups. Feed efficiency did not differ among steers fed DRC, DRC + WCGF, FRC + WCGF, and HMC + WCGF. Estimates for the NE_g of …

Experimental Channel Catfish Virus Infection Mimics Natural Infection Of Channel Catfish, Robin L. Stingley, Wayne L. Gray, Billy R. Griffin, Reid Landes

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Channel catfish virus (CCV) causes a severe hemorrhagic disease in channel catfish fry and fingerlings. CCV epizootics are associated with elevated water temperatures and high mortality rates. Survivors of acute disease are latently infected with i virus. In this study, we investigated conditions effecting CCV pathogenesis and latency utilizing an experimental immersion model to simulate natural infection and a population of Arkansas catfish verified to have no prior CCV exposure, the results indicate that the Auburn- 1 laboratory strain is comparable to CCV field isolates in virulence and ability to establish latent infection. The study confirms that water temperature and …

Subterranean Biodiversity Of Arkansas, Part 2: Status Update Of The Foushee Cavesnail, Amnicola Cora Hubricht, 1979 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae), G. O. Graening

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Genetic Similarity Of Shadow And Arkansas Basses (Ambloplites) Determined By Mitochondrial Dna Analysis, Ronald L. Johnson, Carrie F. Cavenaugh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Fish Cage Culture On The Water Quality Of The Matang Mangrove Estuaries, Peninsular Malaysia, Sui Chuen Wong

Student Works (2000-2009)

A study on the effects of fish cage aquaculture on water quality was carried out in three Matang mangrove estuaries of the Sangga Bcsar (SSB), Jaha (SJ) and Sangga Kecil rivers. These estuaries, on a comparative basis, represented high-density, low­density and no aquaculture, respectively. To test the hypothesis that cage aquaculture increases the nutrient concentration of surrounding waters, and consequently increases chlorophyll a concentration (phytoplankton biomass), several investigations comprising comparisons of background (non-cage sites) nutrient levels among estuaries and cage and non-cage (control) sites, with consideration for confounding effects by tide (flood/ebb), diel (day/night) and season (wet/dry), were carried out. …

An Approach To The Measurement Of Sexual Behavior In The Bull (Bos Taurus) Using Variable Female Stimulus Conditions, John Denver Bailey

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Most researchers studying sexual behavior of the bull have adopted the practice of severely restraining and sedating female stimuli, utilizing so-called "service stanchions" and quantifying behavioral events expressed by each bull. Based on these observations, bulls are classified as having high, medium, or low libido and ranked according to their ability to "service" the inanimate stimuli. It has been assumed that these methods represent appropriate measurements of reproductive behavior that will be expressed in a natural mating scenario and that bull sexual behavior can be studied in a manner that is independent of the context of the female. Hence, conventional …