Animal Sciences Commons^™

Amino Acid Supplementation To Growing Heifers Fed Soypass®, James C. Macdonald, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Casey Macken

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Sixty individually fed heifers were used in an 84-day growing trial to determine effects of adding rumen protected methionine and/or bloodmeal on performance of growing heifers supplemented with Soypass®. Treatments were designed to be a 2x2 factorial with diets supplemented with or without rumen protected methionine and bloodmeal (0.3% of DM) to provide 0.72 g per day of additional histidine as factors. The rumen protected methionine source, Smartamine M®, provided 1.85 g per day of additional methionine. No statistical differences in performance among treatments were observed, suggesting growing animals fed Soypass® do not benefit from addition of supplemental rumen protected …

Corn Steep And Bran:Germ Meal Ratio In Steam-Flaked Corn Based Finishing Diets, Casey Macken, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rob Cooper, Rick Stock

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing trial was conducted to evaluate corn steep:bran/germ meal combinations in steam-flaked based diets. Feed efficiency improved in a linear fashion as steep level increased. Feed efficiency was similar between cattle that received no byproducts compared with cattle fed 25% corn byproducts that contained 50% steep. Feed efficiency was decreased for levels of 37.5, 41.7, and 45.8% steep compared to no byproduct or 50% steep. Daily gain was similar among treatments.

Wet Corn Gluten Feed Levels For Steam-Flaked Corn Based Finishing Diets, Casey Macken, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rob Cooper, Rick Stock

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing trial was conducted to evaluate level of wet corn gluten feed in steam-flaked corn based finishing diets. Feed efficiency and daily gain were similar among all levels (10, 20, 25, 30, and 35%, DM basis) of inclusion of Sweet Bran® wet corn gluten feed evaluated in this trial. These data indicate wet corn gluten feed is similar in energy content to steam-flaked corn based on animal performance.

Body Temperature Changes Associated With Moving Feedlot Cattle, Terry L. Mader

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

In two winter and two summer studies, tympanic temperatures (TT), an indicator of body temperature, were obtained in unrestrained feedlot cattle moved through working facilities. Moving yearling cattle elevated TT between 0.5 and 1.4°F. Effects of cattle movement and handling on body temperature needs to be taken into account when evaluating animal health studies. Furthermore, minimal handling of cattle during hot days is recommended for promoting animal well-being and comfort.

Influence Of Rinsing Technique And Sample Size On In Situ Protein Degradation, Kimberly Whittet, Kelly Creighton, Kyle Vander Pol, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Four experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of in situ bag rinsing technique and sample size on the variation of undegradable intake protein (UIP) and dry matter disappearance (DMD) of soybean meal (SBM) and Soypass, a heat-treated soybean meal. Five rinsing techniques and five sample sizes were used to test effects. Soybean meal had higher DMD, lower UIP and higher variance for UIP than Soypass. A steer difference was noted for experiments with steer as a replication and also contributed a larger effect than day and run within day. Rinsing technique and sample size were not significant in concentrate fed …

Effects Of Grazing Corn Stalks In The Spring On Subsequent Crop Yields, Casey Wilson, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Walter Luedtke

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two studies evaluated impact of grazing corn residue during the spring on subsequent soybean yields in a corn-soybean rotation. Each study was conducted for two consecutive years. Tillage treatments consisting of ridge-till, fall till, spring-till, and no-till were also evaluated to determine if yields could be maintained by alleviating compaction from grazing in the spring. No significant differences in yield with tillage treatment and grazing were observed. Grazing treatments overall increased soybean yields in both studies. In the second study only a depression in subsequent corn yield was noted with spring grazing at stocking rate of .32 acres/calf for 60 …

Utilization Of Genetically Enhanced Corn Residue On Grazing Steer Performance, Casey Wilson, Casey Macken, Casey Macken, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Edward Stanisiewski

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of transgenic corn hybrids for residue grazing. In Experiment 1 two irrigated corn fields were used after grain harvest, one Roundup Ready® and it’s non-transgenic control line to evaluate grazing performance. This experiment was terminated after 35 days due to excessive snow cover. There was no significant difference in performance in Experiment 1. Experiment 2 was conducted the following year using dryland corn. In Experiment 2 corn root worm protected variety (Bt), Roundup Ready®, and their non-transgenic control line were evaluated. No differences in animal performance were observed between either genetically enhanced …

Microbial Protein Synthesis And Efficiency In Nursing Calves, Mariela Lamothe, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Microbial protein synthesis and efficiency were estimated in springborn nursing calves grazing native range and subirrigated meadow. Forage intake increased from 1.5 lb/ day (0.6% BW) in June to 5.9 lb/day (1.2% BW) in September while milk intake decreased over the same period. Microbial protein (MCP) synthesis increased from 67 g/day in May to 278 g/day right before weaning in September. Urinary allantoin was used as a marker. Efficiency of MCP synthesis was approximately 19% of forage digestible organic matter (OM) intake.

Prerigor Injection Using Glycolytic Inhibitors In Low-Quality Beef Muscles, N. C. Jerez, Chris R. Calkins, J. Velazco

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of prerigor injection of several glycolytic inhibitors on pH, color, tenderness, and related traits of low-value beef cuts. The semimembranosus, triceps brachii, and supraspinatus muscles from each of 10 steer carcasses were removed 1 h postmortem. Control samples remained in the carcass at 2°C for 24 h. Prerigor muscles were injected and tumbled with 10% (by weight) of one of four solutions: sodium citrate (NaC; 200mM), sodium fluoride (NaF; 200mM), sodium acetate (NaA; 200 mM), and calcium chloride (CaCl2; 300 mM). All muscles treated with NaC and NaF showed the …

Growth And The Expression Of Alternative Life Cycles In The Salamander Ambystoma Talpoideum (Caudata: Ambystomatidae), Travis J. Ryan, Raymond D. Semlitsch

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Complex life cycles (CLCs) contain larval and adult phases that are morphologically and ecologically distinct. Simple life cycles (SLCs) have evolved from CLCs repeatedly in a wide variety of lineages but the processes that may underlie the transition have rarely been identified or investigated experimentally. We examined the influence of larval growth rate on the facultative expression of alternative life cycles (metamorphosis or maturation as gill-bearing adults [= paedomorphosis]) in the salamander Ambystoma talpoideum. We manipulated growth rates by altering the amount of food individuals received throughout larval development. The expression of alternative life cycles in A. talpoideum is influenced …

Undegradable Intake Protein Supplementation Of Compensating Spring-Born Steers And Summer-Born Steers During Summer Grazing, K. W. Creighton, C. B. Wilson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three trials were conducted to determine the effects of previous winter gain (Trials 1 and 3) and age of calf (Trials 1 and 2) on response to undegradable intake protein (UIP) supplementation during summer grazing. In Trial 1, 48 spring-born steers (243 kg) were used in a 4 &#;&#;2 factorial arrangement. Steers were wintered at four rates of gain: 0.65 (FAST), 0.24 (SLOW), 0.38 (S/F), and 0.38 (F/S) kg/d. The intermediate rates of gain (S/F and F/S) were created by switching steers from slow to fast or fast to slow midway through the wintering period. Following winter treatments, steers were …

Quantitative Trait Loci Affecting Milk Production Traits In Finnish Ayrshire Dairy Cattle, S. M. Viitala, N. F. Schulman, D. J. De Koning, K. Elo, R. Kinos, A. Virta, J. Virta, A. Mäki-Tanila, J. H. Vilkki

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A whole genome scan of Finnish Ayrshire was conducted tomap quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting milk production. The analysis included 12 half-sib families containing a total of 494 bulls in a granddaughter design. The families were genotyped with 150 markers to construct a 2764 cM (Haldane) male linkage map. In this study interval mapping with multiple-marker regression approach was extended to analyse multiple chromosomes simultaneously. The method uses identified QTL on other chromosomes as cofactors to increase mapping power. The existence of multiple QTL on the same linkage group was also analyzed by fitting a two-QTL model to the analysis. …

Influence Of Glyphosate-Tolerant (Event Nk603) And Corn Rootworm Protected (Event Mon863) Corn Silage And Grain On Feed Consumption And Milk Production In Holstein Cattle, R. J. Grant, K. C. Fanning

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of a glyphosate-tolerant (event nk603) and a corn rootworm protected (event MON863) corn hybrid on feed intake and milk production compared with the nontransgenic hybrid and two reference hybrids. In Experiment 1, 16 multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to one of four treatments in replicated 4 × 4 Latin squares with 28- d periods. Diets contained 40% (dry matter [DM] basis) of either 1) glyphosate-tolerant corn silage (GT), 2) nontransgenic control corn silage, or 3) two nontransgenic reference hybrids which are commercially available. Each diet also contained 23% corn grain from the …

Heritability Of Intramammary Infections At First Parturition And Relationships With Sire Transmitting Abilities For Somatic Cell Score, Udder Type Traits, Productive Life, And Protein Yield, D. L. Nash, G. W. Rogers, J. B. Cooper, G. L. Hargrove, Jeffrey F. Keown

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine the relationships among daughter intramammary infections at first parturition and sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield. Quarter milk samples from 958 daughters (in eight Pennsylvania herds and one Nebraska herd) of 182 Holstein sires were collected within a few days of first calving and cultured to determine intramammary infection status. A total of 446 cows had intramammary infections in 835 quarters at first parturition. Incidence of intramammary infections at first parturition and the proportion of quarters infected per cow were regressed on age …

Effect Of Chronic Treatment With The Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Azagly-Nafarelin On Basal Concentrations Of Lh In Prepubertal Bulls, H. Jiménez-Severiano, M. J. D'Occhio, D. D. Lunstra, M. L. Mussard, J. W. Koch, L. R. Ehnis, W. J. Enright, J. E. Kinder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Administration of GnRH agonist for an extended period inhibits pulsatile LH release but enhances testicular function of bulls. The mechanism whereby long-term administration of GnRH agonist enhances testosterone concentration in the blood of bulls has not been determined. The aim of this study was to determine whether chronic treatment with the GnRH agonist, azagly-nafarelin, increases blood concentrations of LH and FSH in prepubertal bulls. Two different doses of the GnRH agonist were administered via Alzet mini-osmotic pumps for 28 days. Blood samples were collected at 20 min intervals for 24 h at days 2, 13 and 25 of treatment. Agonist-treated …

The Effect Of Corn Silage Particle Size And Cottonseed Hulls On Cows In Early Lactation, P. J. Kononoff, A. J. Heinrichs

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of reducing forage particle length (FPL) and the inclusion of cottonseed hulls (CSH) on intake, digestibility, chewing activity, and milk production of cows in early lactation. Sixteen multiparous cows averaging 17 ± 3 d in milk and 677 ± 58 kg BW were assigned to one of four 4 × 4 Latin squares. One square contained ruminally cannulated cows to evaluate effects of treatment on rumen fermentation and function. During each of the 23-d periods, cows were offered one of four total mixed rations that differed in particle length (long …

The Effect Of Corn Silage Particle Size On Eating Behavior, Chewing Activities, And Rumen Fermentation In Lactating Dairy Cows, P. J. Kononoff, A. J. Heinrichs, H. A. Lehman

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate effects of reducing corn silage particle size on eating behavior, chewing activity, and rumen fermentation in lactating dairy cows. Four cannulated, multiparous cows averaging 110 ± 4 d in milk and weighing 675 ± 70 kg were randomly assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square. During each of four 14-d periods, animals were offered one of four diets that were chemically similar but varied in corn silage particle size: short (SH), mostly short (MSH), mostly long (MLG), and long (LG), with a geometric mean particle length of 7.4, 7.8, 8.3, and …

Effects Of Final Implant Type And Supplementation Of Melengestrol Acetate® On Finishing Feedlot Heifer Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Feeding Economics1, C. N. Macken, C. T. Milton, T. J. Klopfenstein, B, D, Dicke, D. E. Mcclellan

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three finishing experiments were conducted in commercial feedlots to determine effects of implant programs on finishing heifer performance, carcass characteristics, and economics. A total of 3,307 heifers were used in the three experiments. Overall, four treatment comparisons were tested within the three separate experiments. Treatment groups included the following: 1) heifers implanted with Synovex® Plus (Fort Dodge Animal Health; Fort Dodge, IA) but not fed melengestrol acetate (MGA®; Pharmacia and Upjohn Company; Kalamazoo, MI) , 2) heifers implanted with Synovex® Plus and fed MGA®, 3) heifer implanted with Revalor®-H (Intervet Inc.; Millsboro, DE) and fed MGA®, and 4) …

The Ability Of The N-Alkane Technique To Estimate Intake And Diet Choice Of Sheep, R. M. Lewis, A. M. Magadlela, N. S. Jessop, G. C. Emmans

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

This study assessed the efficacy of the n-alkane technique to estimate intake and diet composition in animals given single foods or a choice of two. In thefirst experiment intakes of pelleted ryegrassand lucerne, given eitheralone or as a choice, were measured in lambshoused indoors in individual pens. Each of the three feeding treatments was given to 12 lambs at two degrees of maturity (0.30 and 0·45 of estimated mature sizes). The 12 lambs were constituted as three replicates of the two sexes of each of two breeds. The measured intakes werecompared with those estimated using the n-alkanes C31 andC33, found …

Chemotactic Role Of Neurotropin 3 In The Embryonic Testis That Facilitates Male Sex Determination, Andrea S. Cupp, Mehmet Uzumcu, Michael F. Skinner

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The first morphological event after initiation of male sex determination is seminiferous cord formation in the embryonic testis. Cord formation requires migration of pre-peritubular myoid cells from the adjacent mesonephros. The embryonic Sertoli cells are the first testicular cells to differentiate and have been shown to express neurotropin-3 (NT3), which can act on highaffinity trkC receptors expressed on migrating mesonephros cells. NT3 expression is elevated in the embryonic testis during the time of seminiferous cord formation. A trkC receptor tyrophostin inhibitor, AG879, was found to inhibit seminiferous cord formation and mesonephros cell migration. Beads containing NT3 were found to directly …

Block And Bridle Annual, 2003

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Table of Contents:

Historians Welcome
Mission & Emblem
Calendar of Events
Treasurer's Report
List of Members
Department Head Address
Members
Officers
Initiates
Advisors
Steak Fry
State Fair Herdsmanship
Beef Pit
Little Ak-Sar-Ben
PASE
Holiday Gathering
Kid's Day
Little MAEC
Big Red Beef Show
National Convention
State Agricultural Education Contests
Honors Banquet
2002 Honoree
2003 Honoree
Animal Science Department Awards
Senior Judging Teams
Junior Judging Teams
Animal Science Faculty
Faces of Block & Bridle
Advertisements
Advertiser's Index

Megapode Newsletter 17(1)-21(2) (2003-2008), World Pheasant Association, Birdlife International, Ssc Megapode Specialist Group

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

Volume 17, Number 1 (April 2003)

Editors: René W. R. J. Dekker and Darryl N. Jones

Viable population of Bruijn's Brush-turkey Aepypodius bruijnii discovered, Iwein Mauro

A new, a forgotten and a lost specimen of Bruijn's Brush-turkey Aepypodius bruijnii, C. W. Moeliker, C. J. Heij, J. N. J. Post, and E. J. O. Kompanje

Successful synanthropy in an Australian megapode, Darryl N. Jones

Monitoring the Nicobar megapode Megapodius nicobariensis: Phase I, Current status and conservation of the Nicobar megapode Megapodius nicobariensis, K. Sivakumar

Megapode Genetics Project proposal, Gillian C. Baker

Polynesian megapode Megapodius pritchardii status survey on …

An Ecological Study Of The Spotted Salamander, Ambystoma Maculatum, And Jefferson Salamander, A. Jeffersonianum, In West Virginia, Seth J. Myers

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The movements of Spotted Salamanders, Ambystoma maculatum, and Jefferson Salamanders, A. jeffersonianum, in and out of an ephemeral wetland in West Virginia were monitored for one breeding season using a drift fence lined with funnel traps. Significant movements of A. jeffersonianum coincided with rainfall and maximum daily air temperatures reaching a minimum of 5° C. Significant movements of A. maculatum coincided with rainfall and maximum daily air temperatures of at least 10° C. A. jeffersonianum preceded A. maculatum to the breeding site. Males of both species preceded females. The mark-recapture estimate of A. maculatum is 67 males and 25 females. …

Supplementation To Meet Metabolizable Protein Requirements Of Primiparous Beef Heifers: Ii. Pregnancy And Economics, H. H. Patterson, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein, R. T. Clark, B. Teichert

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Metabolizable protein (MP) requirements of spring calving heifers increase over the winter due to advancing gestation. The MP content of grazed winter forage is low, which may result in an MP deficiency. The objective was to compare the response of supplementing pregnant yearling heifers to meet MP requirements versus conventional CP supplementation. In 1997–98 and in 1998–99, pregnant, March-calving heifers (2,120 animals; 358 kg) at two locations of a commercial ranch in the Nebraska Sandhills, were used following breeding through calving as 2-yr-olds (cows). Heifers were randomly allotted to one of two supplementation treatments (about 265 heifers/treatment) each year at …

Supplementation To Meet Metabolizable Protein Requirements Of Primiparous Beef Heifers: I. Performance, Forage Intake, And Nutrient Balance, H. H. Patterson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams, Jacqueline Musgrave

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of supplementing primiparous heifers based on the metabolizable protein (MP) system during pregnancy and lactation. In Exp. 1, 12 pregnant, March-calving heifers (432 ± 10 kg) grazing Sandhills range were randomly allotted to one of two treatments: supplementation based on either the MP system (MPR) or the CP system (CPR). Supplements were fed to individual heifers from October to February and no hay was offered. Grazed forage organic matter intake (FOMI) was measured in November, January, and February. In Exp. 2, 18 heifers (424 ± 8 kg) were randomly allotted to one …

The Effect Of Reducing Alfalfa Haylage Particle Size On Cows In Early Lactation, P. J. Kononoff, A. J. Heinrichs

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate effects of reducing forage particle size on cows in early lactation based on measurements of the Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS). Eight cannulated, multiparous cows averaging 19 ± 4 d in milk and 642 ± 45 kg BW were assigned to one of two 4 × 4 Latin Squares. During each of the 23-d periods, animals were offered one of four diets, which were chemically identical but included alfalfa haylage of different particle size; short (SH), mostly short (MSH), mostly long (MLG), and long (LG). Physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) was …

Modification Of The Penn State Forage And Total Mixed Ration Particle Separator And The Effects Of Moisture Content On Its Measurements, P. J. Kononoff, A. J. Heinrichs, D. R. Buckmaster

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The Penn State Particle Separator has led to widespread measurement of forage and total mixed ration (TMR) particle size. However, a large proportion of small particles may pass through both sieves when a TMR is analyzed, and field research has suggested that both shaking frequency and sample dry matter may affect the results. The objectives of this project were to test the effects of an additional sieve with a smaller aperture size, shaking frequency, and sample moisture content on results obtained. A sieve was constructed out of wire with a nominal size aperture of 1.18 mm. Samples of alfalfa haylage, …

Estrogen Receptor-Α Populations Change With Age In Commercial Laying Hens, K.K. Hansen, R.J. Kittok, G. Sarath, C.F. Toombs, N. Caceres, M.M. Beck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Older hens in production lay larger but fewer eggs than younger birds, and the incidence of soft and broken shells is greater in older hens than younger. These changes are attributable at least in part to changing hormone profiles and diminished ability of the hen to transport calcium at the duodenum. In further exploration of this relationship, a study was conducted with three ages of Hy-Line W-36 birds: prelay pullets (PL; 19 wk, 0% production), peak-production hens (PP; 29 wk, ∼93% production), and late-stage hens (LS; 71 wk, ∼80% production). Hens from the PP and LS groups were palpated for …

Interaction Between Bunk Management And Monensin Concentration On Finishing Performance, Feeding Behavior, And Ruminal Metabolism During An Acidosis Challenge With Feedlot Cattle, Galen Erickson, C. T. Milton, K. C. Fanning, R. J. Cooper, R. S. Swingle, J. C. Parrott, G. Vogel, Terry Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Two commercial feedlot experiments and a metabolism study were conducted to evaluate the effects of monensin concentrations and bunk management strategies on performance, feed intake, and ruminal metabolism. In the feedlot experiments, 1,793 and 1,615 steers were used in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively, in 18 pens for each experiment (six pens/treatment). Three treatments were evaluated: 1) ad libitum bunk management with 28.6 mg/kg monensin and clean bunk management strategies with either 2) 28.6 or 3) 36.3 mg/ kg monensin. In both experiments, 54 to 59% of the clean bunk pens were clean at targeted clean time, or 2200, compared …

Effect Of Feeding Glyphosate-Tolerant (Roundup-Ready Events Ga21 Or Nk603) Corn Compared With Reference Hybrids On Feedlot Steer Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Galen Erickson, N. D. Robbins, J. J. Simon, L. L. Berger, Terry Klopfenstein, E. P. Stanisiewski, G. F. Hartnell

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments were conducted to compare the feeding value of genetically enhanced corn (Roundup Ready corn events GA21 and nk603) with nontransgenic hybrids. The four treatments included two separate reference hybrids (REF), the near-isogenic control hybrid (CON), and the genetically enhanced corn (RR), resulting in two preplanned comparisons of CON vs. RR and RR vs. the average of REF. In Exp. 1 (RR event GA21), 175 steers (BW = 427 kg) were fed in 25 pens with seven pens per corn hybrid, except CON, which contained four pens due to limited quantities of that hybrid. In Exp. 2 (RR event …