Animal Sciences Commons^™

The Lepidoptera (Insecta) Fauna Of Düzce Province, Turkey, Süleyman Akbulut, Beşi̇r Yüksel, Aki̇f Keten

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The lepidopteran species of Düzce province were investigated. To collect specimens, a sweep net and light traps were used. A total of 109 species belonging to 17 families of the order Lepidoptera were identified. The family Geometridae was represented by the highest number of species (20), followed by Noctuidae (19), Lycaenidae (12) and Nymphalidae (12). This was the first study to determine the Lepidoptera fauna of Düzce.

The Bats Of The Eastern Black Sea Region In Turkey (Mammalia: Chiroptera), İrfan Albayrak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The study was carried out on 89 specimens representing 11 bat species, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, R. hipposideros, R. euryale, Myotis brandtii, M. bechsteinii, M. myotis, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, P. kuhlii, Nyctalus leisleri, Plecotus auritus and Miniopterus schreibersii. The specimens were collected from the eastern Black Sea region between the 1992 and 1994. Some ecological features of the species and their localities are presented in this study.

Two New Records Of Aulodrilus Bretscher, 1899 (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae) For The Turkish Fauna, Nai̇me Arslan, Yalçin Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Two species of Aulodrilus, A. pigueti and A. pluriseta, collected from Sakarbaşı, Enne, Margıalan and Kuşbaşlı creeks (parts of the upper Sakarya river system), are new records for the Turkish Potamofauna. In addition, the genus Aulodrilus is also new for the Anatolian fauna. Their morphological features were examined under a scanning electron microscope and light microscope and diagrams of them were drawn.

On The Distribution, Taxonomy And Karyology Of The Genus Plecotus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) In Turkey, Ahmet Karataş, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak, Tolga Kankiliç

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Plecotus auritus and Plecotus austriacus were recorded from 8 and 3 localities in the Asiatic part of Turkey, respectively. It was determined that the length of the first premolar, the shape of the zygomatic arches and baculum distinguish these taxa from each other. Apart from these morphological characteristics, the tibia length of P. austriacus was found to be significantly greater than that of P. austriacus (P < 0.05). The diploid chromosome numbers were identical in both taxa (2n = 32). The number of chromosomal arms (FN = 54) and the number of autosomal chromosomal arms (FNa = 50) were the same as in previously published papers on P. austriacus.

A Study On The Morphology, Karyology And Distribution Of Ellobius Fisher, 1814 (Mammalia: Rodentia) In Iran, Muhammed Mouradi Gharakheloo, Erkut Kivanç

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, 180 mole-vole specimens collected from west, central, east and southeast Iran were investigated by morphological, biometrical and karyological methods. According to our findings, 3 different species, Ellobius fuscocapillus, Ellobius lutescens and Ellobius talpinus, are distributed in Iran. Karyological findings showed that E. fuscocapillus has 2n = 36 (NF = 58, NFa = 54), E. lutescens has 2n = 17 (NF = 34, NFa = 32) and E. talpinus has 2n = 52 (NF = 54, NFa = 50) chromosomes.

Taxonomic Studies On Trissolcus Sp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), Egg Parasitoids Of The Sunn Pest (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae: Eurygaster Sp.), In Turkey, Erhan Koçak, Neşet Kilinçer

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The egg batches with parasitoids of the sunn pest Eurygaster sp. (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) were collected to determine the egg parasitoid Trissolcus species (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) of the pest from cereal areas in Turkey. In total, eight Trissolcus species, namely T. simoni Mayr, T. vassilievi Mayr, T. semistriatus Nees, T. grandis Thompson, T. manteroi Kieffer, T. pseudoturesis Rjachovsky, T. rufiventris Mayr and T. djadetshko Rjachovsky, are recognized. T. djadetshko Rjachovsky and T. manteroi Kieffer are new species for the Turkish fauna. The species are described and an identification key is provided.

The Distribution Of Three Exotic Fishes In Anatolia, Hüseyi̇n Şaşi, Süleyman Balik

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Three exotic fish species, Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758), Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) and Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782), were recorded in Topçam Dam Lake from a new locality in Asia Minor. The pumpkinseed sunfish, stone moroko and wild goldfish were found as a result of studies performed on the reservoir in Aydın province, Turkey, between June 1999 and June 2000. This study is one of the first records on the distribution of these fishes in Topçam Dam Lake, Anatolia. These 3 species had been recorded from the Thrace region of Turkey, as well as Pseudorasbora parva in the Antalya …

The Larval Development Stages Of The Japanese Snail, Rapana Thomasiana, Gross 1861, In The Egg Capsule, Orhan Uyan, Orhan Aral

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In the present study, the larval development stages in the egg capsule of the Japanese snail (Rapana thomasiana, Gross 1861), distributed in the Black Sea were investigated. At the moment of capsule release, the diameter of the spherical egg was 151.5 ± 2.61 µm. After the capsule was released, the eggs gradually lost their spherical structure. After the completion of the early larval development stage in the egg capsule, the larvae hatched from the capsule as a veliger on day 20. The larvae were pelagic during the following 5 days and settled to the bottom day 25. The length and …

Growth Characteristics, Sex Inversion And Mortality Rates Of Striped Sea Bream, Lithognathus Mormyrus L., In İskenderun Bay, Mustafa Türkmen, İhsan Akyurt

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The total length of examined samples of striped sea bream in İskenderun Bay ranged from 9.1 to 27.7 cm. The length-weight relationship constants for males (a = 0.0112, b = 3.042) and females (a = 0.0105, b = 3.069), showed no significant difference from isometric growth (P < 0.05). Von Bertalanffy growth parameters in length were L_{\infinity} = 26.55 cm, K = 0.203 y^{-1} and t_o = -1.81 y for males and L_{\infinity} = 32.64 cm, K = 0.136 y^{-1} and t_o = -2.12 y for females. Sex inversion occurred at lengths between 11.2 and 22.9 cm in age groups I-VI. Males were observed up to a length of 22.8 cm. Total, natural and fishing mortality rates were Z = 1.15 y^{-1}, M = 0.48 y^{-1} and F = 0.67 y^{-1} respectively. The exploitation rate of E = 0.60 indicates that the population is being heavily exploited. Reproductive activity of striped sea bream in İskenderun Bay took place between the second half of April and early August, with the greatest intensity in May. Lengths at first maturity were 13.4 cm for males and 13.9 cm for females.

Population Parameters Of The Pearl Oyster Pinctada Radiata (Leach) In Qatari Waters, Arabian Gulf, Saad Zakaria Mohammed, Mohammed Hamed Yassien

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The pearl oyster, Pinctada radiata, represents the most abundant marine bivalve species in Qatari waters. The population parameters of this species were investigated and compared to those obtained previously from both the Mediterranean and Red seas. Four age groups with mean lengths of 56.75, 65.84, 77.54 and 84.66 mm were obtained for P. radiata from Qatari waters. The values of asymptotic length, Brody's growth coefficient and growth performance index were 132.18 mm, 0.34 y^{-1} and 1.77 respectively, while the total mortality coefficient equals 2.47 y^{-1}. The morphometric relationship between the total weight and dorso-ventral measurement was determined to be W …

A Study On The Morphology And Karyology Of Nannospalax Nehringi (Satunin, 1898) (Rodentia: Spalacidae) From Northeast Anatolia, Turkey, Yüksel Coşkun

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Twenty-two (12 males, 10 females) specimens of Nannospalax nehringi, collected from Northeast Anatolia (Turkey), were used for morphological and karyological studies. The specimens from the Kars population have foramina on the premaxillonasal suture. These foramina are absent in the Erzurum, Ağrı and Van populations. The diploid number of chromosomes in the Erzurum and Kars population is 2n = 50. The number of chromosomal arms (NF) is 70 and the number of autosomal arms (NFa) is 66. Their karyotypes consist of nine pairs of metacentric and submetacentric autosomes and 15 pairs of acrocentric autosomes. The Ağrı and Van populations have 2n …

A New Genus And A New Species Of Entedontinae (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) From Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey, Mi̇kdat Doğanlar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Urfacus bozovaensis gen. et sp. nov. of the Entodontinae (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) are described. The specimens were swept from a wheat field together with many specimens of Haplothrips tritici Kurdj. (Thysanoptera, Phleothripidae) in Bozova, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. The diagnostic characters of the taxa are illustrated and the taxonomic position of the genus and species is discussed.

Faunistic Studies On The Species Of The Subfamily Clytrinae (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) Of Dedegöl Mountains (Isparta), Ali̇ Gök

Turkish Journal of Zoology

We determined 20 species belonging to seven genera in the subfamily Clytrinae from Dedegöl Mountains and the vicinity between 1996 and 1998. Among them, Cheilotoma beldei Kasap is an endemic species for Turkey. Although the distribution area of Labidostomis peregrina Weise (Caucasus, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran and Russia) is known, it has also been reported from the East Anatolian region of Turkey. The present study reports it from the western part of Turkey. The body part figures of taxonomic importance for each species are presented. In addition, their distribution generally and in Turkey are given.

The Development Of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis Mitchill, 1814) Embryos During The Yolk Sac Period, Nadi̇r Başçinar, İbrahi̇m Okumuş, Ramazan Serezli̇

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The growth rate during yolk absorption, yolk conversion efficiency, dry weight and water contents of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill, 1814) larvae were observed and the relationships between degree-days were evaluated. While the mean wet weight was 72.45 ± 5.58 mg (n = 10) at hatching and reached 98.85 ± 6.22 mg just before the swim-up stage, the mean dry weights of the body and yolk sac were 2.70 ± 0.41 and 23.33 ± 0.59 mg at hatching and 9.49 ± 1.27 and 12.46 ± 1.14 mg at swim-up stages, respectively. The mean body dry matter and water content of …

The Effects Of Salinity On Postlarval Growth And Survival Of Penaeus Semisulcatus (Decapoda: Penaeidae), H. İbrahi̇m Soyel, Meti̇n Kumlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

P. semisulcatus post-larvae (PLs) had higher survival and better growth at high rather than low salinities between PL20 and PL60. Final survivals at high salinities (30-40 ppt) (19-23%) were significantly higher than those (3-12%) below 25 ppt (P 0.05). A rise in salinity resulted in an increase in the biomass from 0.020 g at 10 ppt to 0.317 g at 40 ppt (P < 0.05). Optimum salinity for the nursery culture of P. semisulcatus PLs appeared to be about 40 ppt at 28 °C. Hence, the results of this study demonstrate that P. semisulcatus inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea is not a good candidate for culture in waters of low salinity.

Maturity And Fecundity Of Lizardfish (Saurida Undosquamis Richardson, 1848) In İskenderun Bay (Eastern Mediterranean), Ali̇ İşmen

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The spawning season, size and age at first sexual maturity, and fecundity of the commercially important lizardfish (Saurida undosquamis) were studied on the basis of 602 specimens from İskenderun Bay in the eastern Mediterranean. Lizardfishes had ripe gonads all around the year. The monthly gonadosomatic index values and the frequency of ripe gonads indicated that the spawning of this species occurred mainly in two seasons (May-July and September-November). Males attained first sexual maturity at a total length of about 16 cm and females at about 16.5 cm. Fecundity-length relationships estimated between 1999 and 2000 were log F = 0.422 + …

Seasonal Changes In The Composition And Abundance Of Zooplankton In The Seas Of The Mediterranean Basin, A. V. Kovalev, M. G. Mazzocchi, Ahmet Erkan Kideyş, Beni̇n Toklu, V. A. Skryabin

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Seasonal changes in the composition, abundance and biomass of zooplankton in the seas of the Mediterranean basin (the Mediterranean, Black and Azov seas) have been reviewed using our own data and data from the literature. In the deep-water central regions of the seas, the seasonal cycle of zooplankton abundance is characterised by one maximum occurring in spring or summer. In the coastal regions, two to three peaks (spring, summer and autumn) exist for the zooplankton abundance. The amplitude of seasonal fluctuations in abundance for the coastal zone as a rule is much wider than for the deep-water regions. In both …

Electrophoretic Patterns Of Some Viper Venoms From Turkey, Hüseyi̇n Arikan, Yusuf Kumlutaş, Oğuz Türkozan, İbrahi̇m Baran

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, the venom extract of five viper species (Vipera xanthina, Vipera ammodytes, Vipera kaznakovi, Vipera wagneri and Vipera lebetina) collected from various regions of Turkey was subjected to polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis. No pressure was applied to the venom glands to provide venom extract. Important differences were detected among the electrophoretic patterns of venom proteins belonging to the five viper species.

In Vivo Effects Of Malathion On Glutathione-S-Transferase And Acetylcholinesterase Activities In Various Tissues Of Neonatal Rats, Suna Ti̇mur, Seçi̇l Önal, N.Ülkü Karabay, Ferah Sayim, Fi̇gen Zi̇hni̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) has been reported to play an important role in the detoxification of several chemical compounds, including pesticides. Organophosphate pesticides are potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The present study was conducted to assess the in vivo effects of the organophosphate pesticide malathion on the activity of GST and AChE and the protein levels of different organs in neonatal rats. GST activity increased approximately two-fold in adult female rats fed malathion, whereas AChE activity decreased less than 20% of the control in the liver. Similarly, liver and heart GST activities (0.14 and 0.035 U/mg protein, respectively) were also increased approximately …

Effect Of Cypermethrin And Permethrin On Cholinesterase Activity And Protein Contents In Rana Tigrina (Amphibia), Muhammad Zaheer Khan, Rahila Tabassum, Syed Naim-Ul-Hasan Naqvi, Erum Z. Shah, Farhana Tabassum, Imtiaz Ahmed, Farina Fatima, Muhammad Farhanullah Khan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The effect of different concentrations (0.1% and 1%) of cypermethrin and permethrin were examined on the kidney and liver of Rana tigrina. After treatment with these pesticides, cholinesterase activity and protein contents were determined, in the kidney and liver. It was observed that protein contents and cholinesterase activities decreased in the treated animals.

Effect Of Copper Chloride On The Enzyme Activities Of The Crab Sesarma Quadratum (Fabricius), Santhana Valarmathi, Jayapaul Azariah

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A series of experimental studies indicated that copper as a toxicant causes a disturbance in enzyme activity. Stress conditions impose forced anaerobic conditions in the muscle, gill and hepatopancreas tissues of the crab Sesarma quadratum when exposed to two sublethal concentrations of 1/10 [2.8 ppm (Exp. 1)] and 1/3 [9.3 ppm (Exp. 2)] copper chloride for 21 d. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was significantly elevated in muscle and hepatopancreas tissues whereas succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity was suppressed in the crab tissues of the muscle, gills and hepatopancreas for 21 d.

Abiotic Factors Influencing The Breeding, Movement, And Foraging Of The Eastern Spadefoot (Scaphiopus Holbrookii) In West Virginia, Keith A. Johnson

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Haphazard searches and telemetry methods were used to track movements and habitat use of two recently discovered and only known populations of Scaphiopus holbrookii in West Virginia. It was the purpose of this study to determine the home range and habitat use of S. holbrookii. Toads were found to forage a mean distance of 13.5 in. (34.5 cm) from their burrows. Habitat consisted of open areas with soil textures of sandy loam, loamy sand, or sand. Radio- transmitters were surgically implanted in two specimens from one breeding site to provide data about habitat use and emergence. Data loggers were installed …

A New Distributional Checklist Of Minnesota Fishes, With Comments On Historical Occurrence, Jay T. Hatch, Konrad P. Schmidt, Dann P. Siems, James C. Underhill, Robert A. Bellig, Richard A. Baker

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Historical documents, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources stream surveys, and the 66,000 record distributional database of the James Ford Bell Museum of Natural History (1879-2002) were used to produce a field-usable checklist of the 160 fish species known from Minnesota waters and waters shared with its boundary states and Canadian provinces. The checklist includes distribution by eight major drainages, the conservation status for each species, and reference to nomenclatural changes over the past 20 years. Fishes are arranged according to the latest interpretations of phylogenetic relationships among species and supraspecific taxa. New distributional information is presented for six species introduced …

First Record Of Neognathus Terrestris (Acari, Caligonellidae) In Turkey, Sali̇h Doğan, Nusret Ayyildiz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In the present work, on the basis of specimens collected from Erzurum, the characteristic features and the figures of Neognathus terrestris, recorded for the first time from Turkey, have been given.

An Ecosystem-Based Approach To Management: Using Individual Behaviour To Predict The Indirect Effects Of Antarctic Krill Fisheries On Penguin Foraging, Suzanne H. Alonzo, Paul Switzer, Marc Mangel

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Summary 1. Changes in species' abundance and distributions caused by human disturbances can have indirect effects on other species in a community. Although ecosystem approaches to management are becoming increasingly prevalent, they require a fuller understand- ing of how individual behaviour determines interactions within and between species. 2. Ecological interactions involving krill are of major importance to many species within the Antarctic. Despite extensive knowledge of the ecosystem that they occupy, there is still incomplete understanding of the links between species and the effect of environmental conditions on these interactions. In this study, we extended a behavioural model used previously …

Wolf Social Ecology, L. David Mech, Luigi Boitani

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

THE FIRST REAL BEGINNING to our understanding of wolf social ecology came from wolf 2204 on 23 May 1972. State depredation control trapper Lawrence Waino, of Duluth, Minnesota, had caught this female wolf 112 km ( 67 mi) south of where L. D. Mech had radio-collared her in the Superior National Forest 2 years earlier. A young lone wolf, nomadic over 100 km² (40 mi²) during the 9 months Mech had been able to keep track of her, she had then disappeared until Waino caught her. From her nipples it was apparent that she had just been …

Restoration Of The Red Wolf, Michael K. Phillips, V. Gary Henry, Brian T. Kelly

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

"WOLFERS" IN NORTHEASTERN North Carolina were busy on February 5, 1768. Records from the Tyrrell County courthouse read:

Giles Long and Thomas Wilkinson awarded one pound for a certified wolf scalp; Jeremiah Norman awarded two pounds for certified wolf and wild-cat scalps; Davenport Smithwick awarded one pound for a certified wolf-scalp.

Such was the nature of the war on the wolf: people killed them for money. The belief of the time held that the war was necessary because it was humankind's manifest destiny to tame the wilderness. And for the wilderness to be tame, the wolf had to be exterminated. …

Wolf-Prey Relations, L. David Mech, Rolf O. Peterson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

AS 1 (L. o. MECH) watched from a small ski plane while fifteen wolves surrounded a moose on snowy Isle Royale, I had no idea this encounter would typify observations I would make during 40 more years of studying wolf-prey interactions.

My usual routine while observing wolves hunting was to have my pilot keep circling broadly over the scene so I could watch the wolves' attacks without disturbing any of the animals. Only this time there was no attack. The moose held the wolves at bay for about 5 minutes (fig. p), and then the pack left.

From this observation …

References, L. David Mech, Luigi Boitani

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Abrams, P. A. 2000. The evolution of predator-prey interactions. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 31:79-105.

Abuladze, K. I. 1964. Osnovy Tsestodologii. Vol. IV. Teniatylentochnye gel' minty zhivotnykh i cheloveka i vyzyvaevaniia. Nauka, Moscow. 530 pp.

Achuff, P. L., and R. Petocz. 1988. Preliminary resource inventory of the Arjin Mountains Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. World Wide Fund for Nature, Gland, Switzerland. 78 pp.

Ackerman, B. B., F. A. Leban, M. D. Samuel, and E. 0. Garton. 1990. User's manual for program Home Range. 2d ed. Technical Report no. 15. Forestry, Wildlife, and Range Experiment Station, University ofldaho, Moscow.

Acorn, …

Wolf Interactions With Non-Prey, Warren B. Ballard, Ludwig N. Carbyn, Douglas W. Smith

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

WOLVES SHARE THEIR ENVIRONMENT with many animals besides those that they prey on, and the nature of the interactions between wolves and these other creatures varies considerably. Some of these sympatric animals are fellow canids such as foxes, coyotes, and jackals. Others are large carnivores such as bears and cougars. In addition, ravens, eagles, wolverines, and a host of other birds and mammals interact with wolves, if only by feeding on the remains of their kills.