Animal Sciences Commons^™

Incidence Of Mink, Mustela Vison, And River Otter, Lutra Canadensis, In A Highly Urbanized Area, L. David Mech

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Mink (Mustela vison) frequently inhabited or traversed a residential. business. and industrial part of the Twin Cities. Minnesota, with little water or natural vegetation. At least one River Otter (Lutra canadensis) also resided on a small pond on a golf course in the area for several winter months.

Proceedings Of The European Conference Black Grouse – Endangered Species Of Europe (September 8–12, 2003: Prague, Czech Republic), Petra Málková, Petr Procházka

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Conference Proceedings

RSPB black grouse conservation work in north Scotland, Chris Donald and Dave O’Hara

Influences of habitat structure, climate, disturbances and predation on population dynamics of black grouse in the northern Ore Mountains, Sven Herzog and Torsten Krüger

Population fragmentation and genetic variability in European black grouse: A progress report, Jacob Höglund, David Baines, Jobs Karl Larsson, and Gernot Segelbacher

Black Grouse habitats in Poland, Robert Kamieniarz

Ecological requirements for black grouse: A case study in the Belgian Hautes-Fagnes, Christine Keulen, Yves Pieper, André Doyen, Olivier Charlet, Pascal Poncin, and Jean-Claude Ruwet

Climatic modelling of black grouse population dynamics: A game …

Annual Review Of The World Pheasant Association 2002/2003, World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Reports and Other Materials

Chairman of Trustees' report, Dick Potts

Treasurer's report and accounts, Ian Hoggarth

Conservation activities in 2002/2003 (including South Asia Office), Philip J. K. McGowan and Rahul Kaul

WPA around the world: Highlights from the chapters

Cracid Specialist Group report, Daniel M. Brooks

Grouse Specialist Group report, Ilse Storch

Megapode Specialist Group report, René Dekker

Partridge, Quail and Francolin Specialist Group report, John P. Carroll

Pheasant Specialist Group report, Peter J. Garson

Galliformes in captivity: Results of the United Kingdom Galliformes Census 2002, Gary Robbins and John Corder

Cracids in coastal Alagoas State, northeastern Brazil, Luís Fábio Silveira and Fábio Olmos …

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 4 2003, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Ecological Games In Space And Time: The Distribution And Abundance Of Antarctic Krill And Penguins, Suzanne Alonzo, Paul Switzer, Marc Mangel

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The distribution and abundance of organisms are affected by behaviors, such as habitat selection, foraging, and reproduction. These behaviors are driven by interactions within and between species, environmental conditions, and the biology of the species in-volved. Although extensive theoretical work has explored predator–prey dynamics, these models have not considered the impact of behavioral plasticity and life-history trade-offs on predicted patterns. We apply a modeling method that allows the consideration of a spatial, dynamic ecological game between predators and prey using a life-history perspec-tive. As an illustrative example, we model the habitat selection of Antarctic krill and penguins during the time …

Breeding Season Avifauna Of Prairie Dog Colonies And Non-Colonized Areas In Shortgrass Prairie, Stephen L. Winter, Jack Cully Jr., Jeffrey Pontius

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Avian assemblages of black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies were compared to those present at two types of non-colonized grassland, during the breeding season, in southwestern Kansas and southeastern Colorado. Relative abundances were quantified in 1996 during a period of drought and in 1997 during a period of above average precipitation. We detected fewer bird species at all sites in 1996 than in 1997, and the total number of bird species detected on prairie dog colonies was lower than that detected on both types of non-colonized areas during both years. Homed larks (Eremophila alpestris) had higher …

Effect Of Calving Time And Weaning Time On Cow And Calf Performace - A Preliminary Report, Dick Pruitt, Ron Haigh, William Epperson, Scott Fausti, Doug Young

South Dakota Beef Report, 2003

Cows grazing native range pasture year round in western South Dakota were allotted to 3 management systems: 1) A calving season starting in mid March with calves weaned in late October; 2) A calving season starting in mid March with calves weaned in mid September; and 3) A calving season starting in early May with calves weaned in late October. The effect of management system on pregnancy rate was year dependent. After 4 years of the study, there was no consistent advantage for any particular group. Average weaning weight was consistently higher for the March calving/October weaned group that was …

2003 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Beef Report, 2003

This is the 2003 South Dakota Beef Report. The articles published in this report summarize many of the beef cattle research activities conducted at South Dakota State University during 2003. The articles in this report have many levels of application. Some information has immediate application for your farm, ranch, or agribusiness. The articles include information on nutrition, feed management, reproductive management, health, growth and development, and economics of the cattle and beef industry in South Dakota.

Recommended Strategies For Odor Control In Confinement Beef Cattle Operations, Kent Tjardes, Alvaro Garcia, Hans Stein, Charles Ullery, Stephen Pohl, Christopher Schmit

SDSU Extension Special Series

Odors coming off a beef feeding operation are generated from three different sources: the feedlot facility, waste storage, and the land where the manure is applied. In some operations, the feedlot facility may also serve as the primary waste storage area. To reduce the total amount of odor generated from a beef feeding operation, odor generation and emission by each of these three sources needs to be reduced.

Aerobic Endospore Distribution In A Process To Produce High Phospholipid Ingredients From Commercial Reconstituted Buttermilk, L. Lassonde, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2003 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.

Monitoring Spores And Spore-Forming Bacteria Populations In Commercial Skim Milk Powder Production Plants Using Conventional And Molecular Methods, C. Murillo, Chris Kitts, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2003 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.

Development Of Endospore-Specific Primers For The Analysis Of Microbial Populations In Milk Powder, M. M. Arendts, Chris Kitts, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2003 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.

Systematical Studies On Megabombus (Apidae: Hymenoptera) Species In Central Anatolia, Ahmet Murat Ayteki̇n, Neşe Çağatay

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Some species from the genus Megabombus in Central Anatolia were considered. Eight species were determined from the subgenera Thoracobombus, Rhodobombus and Megabombus (s. str.) by both classical and morphometrical systematics. Synonymies, Turkish and general distributions and detailed drawings of the dorsal view of the male genitalia were given. As a result of the phenograms obtained from 39 different morphological characters examined statistically, the subgenus Megabombus was shown to be a natural group.

Development Of A Gis Geodatabase As A Tool For Analyzing Spatial Relationships In The Species Distributions Of West Virginia Fishes, Nathan D. Bowe

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

One of the most complete references to date of fish species distribution in West Virginia is a 1995 book entitled “The Fishes of West Virginia” (Stauffer, et al.). In this project, geographic information systems (GIS) and relational database technology have been utilized to adapt that reference into a system where spatially arranged collection site features are related to distribution data through a series of common fields among tables in a geodatabase. The geodatabase is stored in an MDB-formatted database management system (DBMS) which is readable by Microsoft Access and useful in its own right as a means to query distribution …

Accelerated Hatching Of Southern Leopard Frog (Rana Sphenocephala) Eggs In Response To The Presence Of A Crayfish (Procambarus Nigrocinctus) Predator, Daniel Saenz, James B. Johnson, Cory K. Adams, Gage H. Dayton

Faculty Publications

Phenotypic plasticity, such as morphological and behavioral changes in response to predators, is common in larval anurans. Less is known about inducible defenses in the embryonic stages of development. We investigated the predation risk imposed by crayfish (Procambarus nigrocinctus) on southern leopard frog (Rana sphenocephala) eggs aud whether crayfish presence induces a change in the timing of hatching of R. sphenocephala eggs. We found that crayfish significantly reduce the hatching success of R. sphenocephala eggs by eating them and that eggs hatch significantly faster in the presence of crayfish than when crayfish are not present. We …

The Influence Of Predator Threat On The Timing Of A Life-History Switch Point: Predator-Induced Hatching In The Southern Leopard Frog (Rana Sphenocephala), James B. Johnson, Daniel Saenz, Cory K. Adams, Richard N. Conner

Faculty Publications

We tested the hypotheses that potential egg predators, crayfish Procambarus nigrocinctus and dytiscid Cybister sp. larvae, would accelerate the timing of hatching and that a larval predator, dragonfly naiad Anax junius, would delay hatching in the southern leopard frog (Rana sphenocephala). We also tested the hypothesis that differences in response would be proportional to predator lethality. Our results indicate that our hypotheses were partially supported. The presence of an efficient egg predator (crayfish) induces hatching faster than a less efficient predator (dytiscid larvae). However, the presence of a larval predator (naiads) did not delay hatching. Eggs that …

Antibodies Against Affinity-Purified, Surface-Exposed Outer Membrane Proteins Of Edwardsiella Ictaluri Block Invasion Into Fathead Minnow Epithelial Cells, Ramona T. Skirpstunas, Thomas J. Baldwin

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Surface-exposed outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Edwardsiella ictaluri were isolated by selective solubilization of inner membrane proteins from total membrane preparations. Purification of biotin-labeled, insoluble, surface-exposed proteins using streptavidin columns was performed, and single-dimension sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) showed four major OMPs, with apparent molecular weights of 22, 31, 59, and 72 kilodaltons (kDa). Purified surface-exposed proteins corresponded to proteins isolated from total outer membrane preparations resolved by SDS–PAGE, showing that surface-exposed proteins are within the outer membrane fraction and can be successfully isolated using affinity purification. Polyclonal antiserum against these surface-exposed OMPs was produced in New Zealand …

Ecological Games In Space And Time: The Distribution And Abundance Of Antarctic Krill And Penguins, Suzanne H. Alonzo, Paul V. Switzer, Marc Mangel

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

The distribution and abundance of organisms are affected by behaviors, such as habitat selection, foraging, and reproduction. These behaviors are driven by interactions within and between species, environmental conditions, and the biology of the species in-volved. Although extensive theoretical work has explored predator–prey dynamics, these models have not considered the impact of behavioral plasticity and life-history trade-offs on predicted patterns. We apply a modeling method that allows the consideration of a spatial, dynamic ecological game between predators and prey using a life-history perspec-tive. As an illustrative example, we model the habitat selection of Antarctic krill and penguins during the time …

An Ecosystem-Based Approach To Management: Using Individual Behaviour To Predict The Indirect Effects Of Antarctic Krill Fisheries On Penguin Foraging, Suzanne Alonzo, Paul Switzer, Marc Mangel

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Summary 1. Changes in species' abundance and distributions caused by human disturbances can have indirect effects on other species in a community. Although ecosystem approaches to management are becoming increasingly prevalent, they require a fuller understand- ing of how individual behaviour determines interactions within and between species. 2. Ecological interactions involving krill are of major importance to many species within the Antarctic. Despite extensive knowledge of the ecosystem that they occupy, there is still incomplete understanding of the links between species and the effect of environmental conditions on these interactions. In this study, we extended a behavioural model used previously …

Farm Disease Crises In The United Kingdom: Lessons To Be Learned, Michael C. Appleby

State of the Animals 2003

Over the last fifteen years, a diverse succession of disease-related crises has befallen farm animal and food industries in the United Kingdom. Some have involved animal health, with little risk to humans. Some have involved human health, with animals acting as a reservoir for infection but little affected themselves. Some, however— including the most alarming— have involved both animal and human health through zoonoses, diseases transmittable from animal to human. All of these crises are linked in the public mind and in many commentaries, and indeed there are issues that many of them share. The most common of these is …

Effect Of Electrolyte Balance In Low-Protein Diets On Broiler Performance And Tibial Dyschondroplasia Incidence, A. E. Murakami, J. R. G. Franco, E. N. Martins, E. O. Oviedo Rondon, M. I. Sakamoto, M. S. Pereira

Faculty Publications

A proper dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) is essential to ensure an optimum acid-base equilibrium and broiler performance. In low-CP diets, this balance can be affected by reduction of soybean meal and inclusion of high levels of synthetic amino acids. Although, some studies have related low-protein diets supplemented with amino acids and DEB, these relations are not well explained, because some research demonstrates confusion about the deficiency and balance of nutrients. The objective of these experiments was to evaluate the DEB effects of diets with low levels of protein supplemented with amino acids on broiler performance and bone development. Results indicated …

Requirements Of Sodium And Chloride By Leghorn Laying Hens, A. E. Murakami, M. I. Sakamoto, J. R. G. Franco, E. N. Martins, E. O. Oviedo Rondon

Faculty Publications

Sodium and Cl are low-cost nutrients with great influence on feed conversion ratio (FCR), eggshell quality, and excreta moisture. Actual values of dietary requirements of these minerals for commercial laying hens are not well defined. These requirements were reevaluated in a factorial experiment using corn-soybean meal basal diets. No significant influence of Na and Cl levels was observed on egg production (%), egg weight (g), or feed intake (g/d), but levels of these minerals had variable effects on FCR, eggshell quality, and excreta moisture. The optimum requirement of Na changed according to the variable evaluated and level of Cl used.

Gyratrix Hermaphroditus: A State Record For Arkansas, Jane Dunn

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Dairy Digest 2003, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Morphology Of The Spores Of Myxosoma Cerebralis (Hofer, 1903) And M. Cartilaginis (Hoffman, Putz, And Dunbar, 1965)*, Glenn L. Hoffman, Jiří Lom

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The spore of Myxosoma cerebralis is redescribed and compared with that of a close relative, M. cartilaginis. M. cerebralis is smaller, with greater variability in size and shape. It possesses a mucous envelope whereas M. cartilaginis does not. The surface architecture of M. cerebralis, as seen with the scanning electron microscope, differs in possessing a conspicuous circumsutural groove, prominent polar filament pores, and a mucous envelope.

Feasibility Study On Nonnative Fish Removal In The Lower Little Colorado River, Pam Sponholtz

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

This section provides insight into the relationship between the proposed action and the Adaptive Management Program goals and objectives, Recovery Goals for the humpback chub, and the Biological Opinion RPAs on Glen Canyon Dam operations.

Conclusion, L. David Mech, Luigi Boitani

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

WOLVES CAN LIVE almost anywhere in the Northern Hemisphere, and almost everywhere they do, they are an issue. In the vast emptiness of the northern tundra or the Arabian desert, on the outskirts of a European town or in the safety of an American national park, in meager agricultural lands in India or mountains in rich Norway or Switzerland, wolves always attract people's attention. Wolves form a key part of many ecosystems, and they are considered charismatic creatures by most human cultures. Thus they polarize public opinion and make headlines year after year.

If we look back 6o years to …

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Bull Trout Salvelinus Confluentus

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Bull trout are members of the char subgroup of the salmon family (salmonids), which also includes the Dolly Varden, lake trout and Arctic char. Bull trout living in streams grow to about 4 pounds while those in lake or large river environments can weigh more than 20 pounds.

Biologists distinguish char from other salmonids such as trout and salmon by
the absence of teeth in the roof of the mouth, the presence of light-colored spots on a dark background (trout and salmon have dark spots on a lighter background), the absence of spots on the dorsal fin, their …

Vitamin B12 Requirement For Weanling Pigs, Sara S. Blodgett, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

An experiment was conducted to further define the vitamin B₁₂ requirement of the 11- to 44- lb pig. Pigs (initial weight 11.20 lb) were fed one of six diets for a total of 35 days: 1)Negative control, common nursery diet with no added vitamin B₁₂; 2) IX, common nursery diet with the addition of 100% the 1998 NRC-requirement for the 11- to 22- lb pig for vitamin B₁₂ (7.94 µg/lb of diet), 4) 4X, common nursery diet with the addition of 400% the 1998 NRC-requirement for the 11- to 22- lb pig for vitamin B_{12 …}