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2002

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Articles 361 - 390 of 671

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Competition — It’S Not Just “Cost” Of Production, Allen Prosch Jan 2002

Competition — It’S Not Just “Cost” Of Production, Allen Prosch

Nebraska Swine Reports

Pork producers are faced with numerous competitive challenges. Having a higher cost of production than other pork producers has always been a reason to exit the pork industry. Even when their cost of production is competitive, producers still choose to exit the industry. Hog prices, corn prices and the hog/corn ratio from 1970 to 2000 were examined in relation to the change in the number of pork producers in Nebraska to identify the degree of influence that each had on producer’s decisions to enter or exit pork production. The annual average price of market hogs per cwt and the price …

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Update On The Economics Of Feeding Ractopamine (Paylean™) To Finishing Pigs, Duane Reese, Larry L. Bitney Jan 2002

Update On The Economics Of Feeding Ractopamine (Paylean™) To Finishing Pigs, Duane Reese, Larry L. Bitney

Nebraska Swine Reports

Ractopamine is a feed additive that improves feed efficiency, daily gain, and carcass merit in finishing pigs. An economic feasibility analysis on the feeding of 4.5 and 9.0 g/ton ractopamine to finishing pigs fed a 1% lysine, corn-soybean meal diet for an average of 29 days before slaughter was conducted. The analysis was performed in two stages: 1) an economic benefit for ractopamine was calculated from revenues due to improved feed efficiency, daily gain and carcass yield (dressing percent), and 2) the amount of a carcass lean premium needed per pig to recover the added cost of feeding ractopamine was …

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Applicability Of High-Rise™ Hog Housing For Finishing Operations, Richard R. Stowell Jan 2002

Applicability Of High-Rise™ Hog Housing For Finishing Operations, Richard R. Stowell

Nebraska Swine Reports

The design of High-Rise™ swine facilities allows the generation of a solid, manure-laden material from hogs raised in confinement housing with slatted floors. The volume of manure that must be handled annually can be reduced through continuous moisture loss that takes place within the system’s drying bed and recycling of bed material. Recycling typically involves mixing material twice a year — at the end of finishing periods. Moisture contents of twice-recycled manure-laden bed material ranged between 55-65% with continuous aeration for three years of production. This moisture range makes the material acceptable directly as feedstock for composting. Ammonia emissions should …

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Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 3 2002, Several Authors Jan 2002

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 3 2002, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Development Of Endospore-Specific Primers For The Trfp Analysis Of Microbial Population In Milk Powder, M. M. Arendts, Amy J. Rife, Rafael Jiménez-Flores Jan 2002

Development Of Endospore-Specific Primers For The Trfp Analysis Of Microbial Population In Milk Powder, M. M. Arendts, Amy J. Rife, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2002 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.

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Contents, Discovery Editors Jan 2002

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors Jan 2002

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Organophosphate Toxicosis In Chickens: A Case Report, Robert Hubbard, Judith England, E. Dustan Clark Jan 2002

Organophosphate Toxicosis In Chickens: A Case Report, Robert Hubbard, Judith England, E. Dustan Clark

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Two cases of organophosphate toxicity were diagnosed at the University of Arkansas Poultry Science Department poultry research farm in the Spring of 2002. In both cases the birds were being treated with the organophosphate RaVap® for Northern Fowl Mites (Ornithonyssus sylvarium) infestations. A total of 61 birds died and 13 were treated successfully with atropine sulphate.

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A New Record For The Turkish Spider Fauna: Cyclosa Conica Pallas (Araneae, Araneidae), Abdullah Bayram, Murat Ünal Jan 2002

A New Record For The Turkish Spider Fauna: Cyclosa Conica Pallas (Araneae, Araneidae), Abdullah Bayram, Murat Ünal

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The characteristic features and drawings of Cyclosa conica Pallas, 1772, which is recorded for the first time in Turkey, are given in this study.

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Floral Choices, Parasites And Micro-Organisms In Natural Populations Of Bumblebees (Apidae: Hymenoptera) In Ankara Province, Ahmet Murat Ayteki̇n, Neşe Çağatay, Selçuk Hazir Jan 2002

Floral Choices, Parasites And Micro-Organisms In Natural Populations Of Bumblebees (Apidae: Hymenoptera) In Ankara Province, Ahmet Murat Ayteki̇n, Neşe Çağatay, Selçuk Hazir

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, the flower choices of different bumblebee species in Ankara province regarding their associations among various parasites and micro-organisms were determined. A total of 21 different species of the genera Bombus Latreille and Psithyrus Lepeletier were examined. The motile hypopus of the mite species Acarus farris (Oudemans, 1905) (Acaridae) was found to be phoretic on Bombus (Bombus) terrestris, Megabombus (Megabombus) argillaceus, Megabombus (Thoracobombus) zonatus and Pyrobombus (Sibiricobombus) niveatus queens. Nosema bombi was also determined to be an internal parasite of B. terrestris. Finally, a nematode species belonging to the family Allantonematidae (Tylenchida) was isolated from Megabombus (Thoracobombus) sylvarum …

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On The Distribution And Taxonomic Status Of Microtus Guentheri (Danford And Alston, 1880) And Microtus Lydius Blackler, 1916 (Mammalia: Rodentia) In Turkey, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak Jan 2002

On The Distribution And Taxonomic Status Of Microtus Guentheri (Danford And Alston, 1880) And Microtus Lydius Blackler, 1916 (Mammalia: Rodentia) In Turkey, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Topotypes of Microtus guentheri were compared with specimens of the genus Microtus with 2n=54 chromosomes from western Anatolia. According to morphological and biometrical comparisons, it was determined that M. guentheri is a different species from Microtus lydius. The dorsal colour and the shape of the baculum distinguish M. guentheri from M. lydius morphologically. In addition, ear length, interorbital constriction, mastoid breadth, height of tympanic bulla and weight of M. guentheri were found to be statistically different from those of the nominate subspecies of M. lydius (p

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The Effects Of Cimetidine And Ranitidine On Kidney Cortex Of Mus Musculus Albinus, Kadri̇ye Akgün Dar Jan 2002

The Effects Of Cimetidine And Ranitidine On Kidney Cortex Of Mus Musculus Albinus, Kadri̇ye Akgün Dar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, 4.3 µg/g cimetidine and 17 µg/g ranitidine were orally given to mice for two months. The effects of cimetidine and ranitidine on kidney cortical tissue were examined at light microscopical level. In both groups, it was detected that the tubules were separated by their lumen containing darkly stained remnant material. Vacuolization, destruction of apical membrane and decreased PAS positive reaction were observed in the apical membrane of proximal tubule epithelial cells. The nuclei of proximal and distal tubule cells were cylindrical. More excessively in the ranitidine treated group, widening of the tubule lumens and limited proximal tubule …

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Observations On The Histomorphogical Structure Of Some Long Bones Of The Water Frog (Rana Bedriagae) From The İzmir Area, Uğur C. Eri̇şmi̇ş, Uğur Kaya, Hüseyi̇n Arikan Jan 2002

Observations On The Histomorphogical Structure Of Some Long Bones Of The Water Frog (Rana Bedriagae) From The İzmir Area, Uğur C. Eri̇şmi̇ş, Uğur Kaya, Hüseyi̇n Arikan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Histomorphological structures of the femur and the second phalange of the second outer toe of the left frog leg were investigated using the decalcifying method in Rana bedriagae. Skeleton Growth Marks (SGMs) were clearly observed in Rana bedriagae and it was shown that the skeletochronological technique is convenient and applicable for the age determination of this species.

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The Effects Of Acute Stress On Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Ayşegül Kubi̇lay, Gülşen Uluköy Jan 2002

The Effects Of Acute Stress On Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Ayşegül Kubi̇lay, Gülşen Uluköy

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The physiological effects of acute stressors (transport, handling, netting and confinement) on rainbow trout in an aquaculture system were investigated. Serum cortisol level, serum glucose and lysozyme activity were determined in rainbow trout stressed by acute stressors, and compared with those of unstressed (control) fish. Serum cortisol, glucose levels and lysozyme activity were significantly higher(P

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Effect Of Temperature Change On Maximum Swimming Speed Of Whiting, Merlangius Merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758), Hüseyi̇n Özbi̇lgi̇n Jan 2002

Effect Of Temperature Change On Maximum Swimming Speed Of Whiting, Merlangius Merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758), Hüseyi̇n Özbi̇lgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Seasonal changes in sea temperature levels affect the swimming performance of fish. This study investigates if a change of 5°C from 7 to 12°C in water temperature has a significant effect on the maximum swimming performance of whiting, Merlangius merlangus, which is one of the most common species caught in the bottom trawl fisheries of the North Sea. The effect of this seasonal change on swimming performance was shown by two experiments. A temperature increase from 7°C to 12°C was shown to cause a decrease in the minimum twitch contraction time of the lateral muscle, when stimulated by an electric …

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Cladocera And Copepoda (Crustacea) Fauna Of Lake Terkos (Durusu), Hüseyi̇n Güher Jan 2002

Cladocera And Copepoda (Crustacea) Fauna Of Lake Terkos (Durusu), Hüseyi̇n Güher

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Field studies were conducted by taking samples vertically and horizontally during a specific period of each month between April 2000 and March 2001 in Lake Terkos. A total of 28 species belonging to six families of Cladocera and 13 species from seven families of Copepoda are identified. Their known geographical distribution in Turkey have been given according to provinces.

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On An Asaccus Elisae (F. Werner, 1895) (Sauria: Gekkonidae) Specimen Collected From The Vicinity Of Nusaybin, Mardin, Cemal Varol Tok, Mehmet Kutsay Atatür, Durmuş Ci̇han Jan 2002

On An Asaccus Elisae (F. Werner, 1895) (Sauria: Gekkonidae) Specimen Collected From The Vicinity Of Nusaybin, Mardin, Cemal Varol Tok, Mehmet Kutsay Atatür, Durmuş Ci̇han

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A single Asaccus elisae specimen, which was caught from the vicinity of Nusaybin, Mardin in SE Anatolia, was examined morphologically. The previous known locality of the species in Anatolia was Birecik, near Şanlıurfa.

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The Occurrence Of The Rumen Ciliate Metadinium Banksi Dehority, 1985 (Ophryoscolecidae, Entodiniomorphida) From Domestic Goats (Capra Hircus L.) In Southeastern Turkey, Bayram Göçmen, Burk A. Dehority, Sami̇ye Rastgeldi̇ Jan 2002

The Occurrence Of The Rumen Ciliate Metadinium Banksi Dehority, 1985 (Ophryoscolecidae, Entodiniomorphida) From Domestic Goats (Capra Hircus L.) In Southeastern Turkey, Bayram Göçmen, Burk A. Dehority, Sami̇ye Rastgeldi̇

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Metadinium banksi was observed in rumen contents from a single goat out of eight living in southeastern Turkey. It constituted 0.25% of the total ciliate population and had a 12.5% frequency of appearance. The size and percentage occurrence of this species in the present study are compared to those previously reported for other animal hosts living in different geographical locations. This study reports for the first time in Turkey the presence of Metadinium banksi in arctic ruminants.

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New Distributional Records For Rana Bedriagae Caralitana In Anatolia, Uğur Kaya, İ. Ethem Çevi̇k, Uğur C. Eri̇şmi̇ş Jan 2002

New Distributional Records For Rana Bedriagae Caralitana In Anatolia, Uğur Kaya, İ. Ethem Çevi̇k, Uğur C. Eri̇şmi̇ş

Turkish Journal of Zoology

We conducted a herpetofaunal survey on the southern part of the Lake District in Anatolia searching and documenting new sites for herptile species. During the two years of our study three new sites, Gencek Lake (Derebucak/Konya), Derebucak (Konya) and Tınaztepe (Seydişehir/Konya), were recorded for Rana bedriagae caralitana. Of these, the two southernmost records extend the distribution of these subspecies in the Lake District of Anatolia.

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The Species Of Tryphoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) In Turkish Thrace, Murat Yurtcan, Ahmet Beyarslan Jan 2002

The Species Of Tryphoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) In Turkish Thrace, Murat Yurtcan, Ahmet Beyarslan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study was carried out to investigate the species of the subfamily Tryphoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Turkish Thrace between 1992 and 1994. A total of 89 samples were collected from 42 localities and 26 species belonging to 11 genera were determined. Diagnostic keys to the species, subgenera and genera were prepared. In order to distinguish morphological characters that were mentioned in the keys, 31 original figures are given. Of these species, Phytodietus polyzonias (Foerster), Netelia (Prosthodocis) japonicus (Uchida), N. (Bessobates) cristatus (Thomson), N. (Netelia) ocellaris (Thomson), N. (Netelia) rufescens (Tosquinet), Neleges proditor (Gravenhorst), Dyspetes arrogator Heinrich, Ctenochira angulata (Thomson), Exyston …

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Degradation Products Of Adenine Nucleotide In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Stored In Ice And In Modified Atmosphere Packaging, Yeşi̇m Özoğul, Fati̇h Özoğul Jan 2002

Degradation Products Of Adenine Nucleotide In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Stored In Ice And In Modified Atmosphere Packaging, Yeşi̇m Özoğul, Fati̇h Özoğul

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The breakdown products of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were separated using a rapid HPLC method. The K-value, Ki-value and H-value were also determined as a means of evaluating the quality of rainbow trout held in ice and modified atmosphere packaging comparing with sensory and microbiological analysis in terms of fresh fish quality. Results from the present research indicated that modified atmosphere did not extend the shelf life of trout but inhibited microbial growth compared to ice storage. However, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the two conditions. K and Ki-values provided a useful freshness index of fish for both …

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The Effects Of Growth Hormone Or Melatonin On The Reproductive Axis Of Stallions, William Andrew Storer Jan 2002

The Effects Of Growth Hormone Or Melatonin On The Reproductive Axis Of Stallions, William Andrew Storer

LSU Master's Theses

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of growth hormone (GH) or melatonin on the reproductive axis of the stallion. In Experiment 1, nine stallions were treated with GH (20 µg/kg BW) or saline for 21 d starting in January. During the last week of treatment, stallions were subjected to low and high dose injections of luteinizing hormone (LH), as well as low and high dose combined injections of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). Two months after the onset of GH treatment, semen was collected from all stallions every other day for 2 weeks. Treatment …

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Follicular Growth And Development And Gonadotropin Response Of Mares Treated With Dihydrotestosterone And Estradiol Benzoate, Scarlett Lynn Mcmeen Jan 2002

Follicular Growth And Development And Gonadotropin Response Of Mares Treated With Dihydrotestosterone And Estradiol Benzoate, Scarlett Lynn Mcmeen

LSU Master's Theses

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estradiol benzoate (EB) given simultaneously on concentrations of FSH and LH and the associated follicular activity, and to monitor the subsequent recovery of the gonadotropes and follicular growth following treatment with either DHT or EB. Twelve mares were assigned to daily treatments of DHT (150 Fg/kg BW) plus EB (22 Fg/kg BW) from d 0 through 30 (Phase I). Beginning on d 31, mares were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: 1) oil, 2) DHT (150 Fg/kg BW), or 3) EB (22 Fg/kg BW). On d …

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The Effects Of Marination And Cook Cycles On High And Low Ph Beef Muscles, Ryan Baumert, Roger W. Mandigo Jan 2002

The Effects Of Marination And Cook Cycles On High And Low Ph Beef Muscles, Ryan Baumert, Roger W. Mandigo

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Infraspinatus and Serratus ventralis, the muscles of the high pH group, had lower shear force values and higher sensory analysis scores for tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability than low pH muscles (Deep pectoral and Biceps femoris). Increasing the phosphate level in the marination system increased moisture content of the cooked roast and sensory juiciness scores and decreased the cooking loss of the roasts. Low humidity cookery had higher sensory juiciness, tenderness and acceptability scores and lower cooking losses than high humidity cookery. The Infraspinatus and Serratus ventralis are recommended for use in a marination system with low humidity cookery.

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Weaning Date For Spring Calving Cows Grazing Sandhills Range, Lane Ciminski, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Dick Clark, Andy Applegarth, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Russ Sandberg Jan 2002

Weaning Date For Spring Calving Cows Grazing Sandhills Range, Lane Ciminski, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Dick Clark, Andy Applegarth, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Russ Sandberg

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A two-year experiment was conducted with March calving cows to determine the effect of the weaning date on cow body condition score, cow body weight, and calf body weight. Treatments were of eight weaning dates imposed at consecutive two-week intervals, beginning in mid-August and ending in late November. Cow body condition score declined linearly as weaning date was later in the fall. Calf body weight gains from August through November increased with weaning dates from August 18 through October 13; however, weaning after October 13 provided no advantage of increased calf body weight gain.

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Effect Of Altered Feeding And Sprinkling On Performance And Body Temperature Of Steers Finished In The Summer, Shane Davis, Terry L. Mader Jan 2002

Effect Of Altered Feeding And Sprinkling On Performance And Body Temperature Of Steers Finished In The Summer, Shane Davis, Terry L. Mader

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Effects of feeding time (800 vs 1400) and sprinkling on feedlot performance, body temperature, and mound microclimate were examined to determine their usefulness in reducing heat stress of feedlot steers. Feed conversion was improved overall for steers with access to sprinklers. Body temperature, early in the finishing period, was reduced by both sprinkling and afternoon feeding relative to steers fed at 800 h without access to sprinklers . Overall water intake was greater for steers fed at 800 without sprinkling than any other treatment.

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Economic Analysis Of Calf Versus Yearling Finishing, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rob Cooper, Tony Scott, Galen E. Erickson, Richard T. Clark Jan 2002

Economic Analysis Of Calf Versus Yearling Finishing, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rob Cooper, Tony Scott, Galen E. Erickson, Richard T. Clark

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The objective of this report was to compare economics of calf- and yearling- finishing systems. Yearling steers were wintered at 1.54 lb/day (fast) or 0.42 lb/day (slow) then grazed over the summer followed by finishing. Calf-fed steers were purchased in the fall and finished. Profit was based on 1992 to 1999 average price levels. Steers on the fast treatment profited $21.00/head compared to -$20.66/head for slow and -$23.18/head for calf feds. Calf-feeding was also compared to only the finishing phase of yearling systems. Steers on the fast system profited $29.78/head compared to $17.83 for slow and -$23.18 for calf feds.

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Subsequent Summer Forage Intake Following Winter Gain Restriction, D. J. Jordon, Dale Downs, Galen E. Erickson, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein Jan 2002

Subsequent Summer Forage Intake Following Winter Gain Restriction, D. J. Jordon, Dale Downs, Galen E. Erickson, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Data were collected to determine effect of winter gain on forage intake and summer and finishing performance of yearling steers. Steers wintered at reduced gains compensated 17 and 48% over two years. Intake, as a percentage of body weight, was increased for compensating steers. Steers gaining faster in winter had a reduced break even ($67.01 vs 70.05/cwt) and were more profitable ($5.79 vs -31.32/ head) compared to slower gaining steers. Growing animals at faster (1.50 - 1.65 lb/day) compared to slower (0.45 - 0.55 lb/day) rates of winter gain is superior unless 65%-70% compensation is achieved.

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Factors Influencing Color Development In Beef, Kevin Kirchofer, Chris R. Calkins, Dennis E. Burson, Kent M. Eskridge Jan 2002

Factors Influencing Color Development In Beef, Kevin Kirchofer, Chris R. Calkins, Dennis E. Burson, Kent M. Eskridge

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Color development over time in beef carcasses is affected by chill length, fat thickness and hot carcass weight. Ultimate color can be accurately predicted after 9-12 minutes.

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Effects Of Rumensin Level During An Acidosis Challenge, Trey Patterson, Todd Milton, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, M. Blackford, Cal Parrott Jan 2002

Effects Of Rumensin Level During An Acidosis Challenge, Trey Patterson, Todd Milton, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, M. Blackford, Cal Parrott

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Eighteen ruminally cannulated steers were used to determine effects of Rumensin level on incidence and severity of acidosis when an acidosis challenge was imposed. Steers received a high-concentrate finishing diet containing either 0, 30, or 45 grams/ton Rumensin. An acidosis challenge was created by feeding only 50% of diet intake one day followed by 175% of intake the next day, four hours post normal feeding time. Feeding Rumensin decreased feed intake during the prechallenge, challenge and acidosis recovery phase. Compared to 30 grams/ ton, feed intake was decreased by increasing Rumensin to 45 grams/ton during the five days following the …

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