Animal Sciences Commons^™

Relationships Among Severity And Duration Of Clinical Mastitis And Sire Transmitting Abilities For Somatic Cell Score, Udder Type Traits, Productive Life, And Protein Yield, D. L. Nash, G. W. Rogers, J. B. Cooper, G. L. Gargrove, Jeffrey F. Keown

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine the relationships among severity and duration of clinical mastitis during first and second lactation and sire transmitting abilities for somatic cell score, udder type traits, productive life, and protein yield. Recording of clinical episodes began at first parturition for 1704 Holstein cows (in six Pennsylvania herds and one Nebraska herd) and continued into second lactation for 1055 of these cows. A total of 456 cows (sired by 168 bulls) had at least one clinical episode during first lactation, and 230 cows (sired by 100 bulls) had at least one clinical episode during …

Technical Note—A Comparison Of Methods Used To Measure Eating And Ruminating Activity In Confined Dairy Cattle, P. J. Kononoff, H. A. Lehman, A. J. Heinrichs

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Detailed knowledge of chewing and rumination activities is critical to fully understand the dietary factors affecting normal rumen function. An automatic system for the digital recording of the jaw movements in free-ranging grazing cattle has been described, but its ability to measure chewing activity of cattle housed in confinement and fed total mixed rations has not yet been evaluated. The eating and ruminating behaviors of eight lactating dairy cows were recorded simultaneously by a wireless automatic system and by 5-min interval observation over 24-h periods. Results indicated that both methods agreed on identification of eating and ruminating bouts. Mean differences …

Memorial Khem Shahani, Robert W. Hutkins, Burt Maxcy, Steve Taylor

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Khem Shahani, Professor Emeritus at the University of Nebraska, died recently in Sicily while on a speaking tour and visiting family. Professor Shahani had a long, illustrious career in dairy microbiology and was one of the world's leading researchers in the area of probiotic bacteria. This is a field that, in the past few years, has seen remarkable growth and interest in the scientific comm.unity. Khem was one of only a few scientists who early on worked toward establishing a scientific basis for the role that probiotics play in nutrition and health. His outstanding record of research, teaching, and service …

Application Of Fuzzy-Neural Network In Classification Of Soils Using Ground-Penetrating Radar Imagery, Lameck O. Odhiambo, Robert S. Freeland, Ronald E. Yoder, J. Wesley Hines

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Errors associated with visual inspection and interpretation of radargrams often inhibits the intensive surveying of widespread areas using ground-penetrating radar (GPR). To automate the interpretive process, this paper presents an application of a fuzzy-neural network (F-NN) classifier for unsupervised clustering and classification of soil profile using GPR imagery. The classifier clusters and classifies soil profiles strips along a traverse based on common pattern similarities that can relate to physical features of the soil (e.g., number of horizons; depth, texture and structure of the horizons; and relative arrangement of the horizons, etc). This paper illustrates this classification procedure by its application …

Rapid Communication: Physical And Linkage Mapping Of The Porcine Calcitonin (Calc) Gene, J. E. Neil, S. E. Zhang, J. M. Helm, Daniel C. Ciobanu, M. F. Rothschild

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Genus and Species. Sus scrofa.

Locus. Porcine calcitonin (CALC) gene.

Source and Description of Primers. Primers, CCA1F and CCA1R, were designed from canine calcitonin sequence (GenBank Accession no. AJ271090) to amplify genomic porcine DNA. Using sequence obtained from the amplified PCR product, additional pig-specific primers (CIPBF, CIPBR, CIPCF, CIPCR) were designed.

Primer Sequences. CCA1F: 5′-CAC TTT GGA TTG GCC GCG C-3′; CCA1R: 5′-ACC AGG GCA GCC AGC AGG A-3′; CIPBF: 5′-AAC TTC CCA CTC TGC ACA CT-3′; CIPBR: 5′-AGA CCA AAC TTC AGC AGG AT- 3′; CIPCF: 5′-TTC TCC TTC CTC TGC TTC TG-3′; CIPCR: 5′-GCA AAC CCA ATA …

Effects Of Manipulating Protein And Phosphorus Nutrition Of Feedlot Cattle On Nutrient Management And The Environment, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Feedlot nutrition will play a role in meeting challenges such as nutrient management. Nitrogen and phosphorus are two nutrients that are currently studied in this context. One nutritional method is formulating diets not to exceed requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus. Requirements are different for calves and yearlings. The requirements also change during the finishing period. Phosphorus requirements have not been extensively studied for feedlot cattle between 270 and 600 kg. Therefore, P requirements studies were conducted to determine the P requirement of calves (265 kg) and yearlings (385 kg). The requirement was not detected with P levels as low as …

Phosphorus Requirement Of Finishing Feedlot Calves, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein, C. T. Milton, Dennis Brink, M. W. Orth, K. M. Whittet

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Dietary P supplied to feedlot cattle is important because an inadequate supply will compromise performance, whereas excess P may harm the environment. However, P requirements of feedlot cattle are not well documented. Therefore, 45 steer calves (265.2 ±16.6 kg) were individually fed to determine the P required for gain and bone integrity over a 204-d finishing period. The basal diet consisted of 33.5% high-moisture corn, 30% brewers grits, 20% corn bran, 7.5% cottonseed hulls, 3% tallow, and 6% supplement. Treatments consisted of 0.16 (no supplemental inorganic P), 0.22, 0.28, 0.34, and 0.40% P (DM basis). Supplemental P was provided by …

The Role Of Nutrition In Reducing Nutrient Output From Ruminants, L. D. Satter, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Much of the effort expended on nutrient management has focused on the post-excretion product. It is important to keep in mind that management of the diet can have important impacts on quantitative and qualitative aspects of the excreted nutrients. Surveys of nutritionists and extension specialists show that dairy producers are advised to feed 0.45 to 0.50% phosphorus (P) (DM basis) in their lactating cow diets. This is 20% in excess of NRC (2001) requirements. Feeding to requirement would reduce P excretion by 25 to 30% and would reduce solubility and potential for runoff of the P that is applied to …

Distributions And Geographical Relationships Of The Polygyrid Land Snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Polygyridae) Of Arkansas, Gerald E. Walsh, Brian F. Coles

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Arkansas distributions of land mollusks of the family Polygyridae are presented based on the results of a state-wide survey and a critical review of published and unpublished locality records. Six of the 45 species previously recorded for Arkansas are excluded because they were misidentified, do not have established populations in the state, or are found only as fossils. Four others are not mapped because of a lack of recent distributional data or because the specific status of a form is unclear. There is a predominant pattern of occurrence limited to the northern, northwestern, or western parts of the state. …

Energetics Of Free-Ranging Seabirds, Hugh I. Ellis, Geir Wing Gabrielsen

Biology: Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Production Of Transgenic Goats By Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, Brett C. Reggio

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

A series of experiments were conducted to produce transgenic goats by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT). In all experiments, donor cells were electrically fused to enucleated metaphase II oocytes, then chemically activated. In a preliminary study to evaluate embryonic development following NT with proliferating or quiescent fibroblast or cumulus cells, significantly more embryos reconstructed with quiescent cumulus cells fused (77%) compared with proliferating cumulus cells (41%), proliferating fibroblasts (36%) or quiescent fibroblasts (37%). Improved development to the eight- to sixteen-cell stage was observed when fibroblast cells were serum starved (serum starved 39% vs. serum fed 15%). However, there was no …

Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyl Transferase And Early Embryo Development, Michael Gerard Collins Ii

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The objectives of the first experiment were to ascertain if there were any differences between two mouse areola and adipose tissue cell lines. These cell lines differed only in the presence or absence of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene. It was found that the cell lines were similar for all parameters. The objectives of the second experiment were to determine if the HPRT gene had an effect on the development of preimplantation mouse embryo. To test this transgenic mouse lines were created. The embryo sex and genotype ratio, the embryo diameter, and the embryo developmental patterns, using a Collin-Ryan …

Biochemical Components Of Seminal Plasma Of Llamas (Lama Glama) At Three Ages, Pedro Angel Delgado Callisaya

Theses and Dissertations

This study was conducted at the installation of the Rural Academic Unit-Tiahuanaco of the BCU, located in the community of Achaca, third municipal section of Ingavi province, department of La Paz. It is 57 km from the La Paz-Desaguadero international highway, at 68 degrees 42 minutes 28 seconds latitude South by 16 degrees 35 minutes 41 seconds longitude West, at an altitude of 3856 meters above sea level. The study went from October 2000 to September 2001. The study consisted of determining the concentrations of the biochemical components in llama seminal plasma at three ages. Components studied were glucose, inorganic …

Colony Composition And Demographics Of Beavers In Illinois, Stanley T. Mctaggart

Masters Theses

Beavers (Castor canadensis) have been extensively studied throughout North America, but little research has been conducted on this species in Illinois and the Midwest. Beavers exhibit wide variations in colony composition and demographics over their broad geographic range, so regional research is important for sound management. The objectives of this study were to investigate the: (1) typical composition of beaver colonies in Illinois; (2) reproductive potential of female beavers in Illinois; (3) sex-age composition of beaver populations in Illinois; and (4) efficacy of night-vision surveys versus removal trapping for estimating colony size. This study was conducted during the 1999-00 and …

Mitochondrial Dna And Microsatellite Genetic Variation Of Dollar Sunfish (Lepomis Marginatus), Nancy A. Schable

Masters Theses

Dollar sunfish (Lepomis marginatus) at the Savannah River Site were sampled from two radiocesium contaminated ponds with a history of thermal elevation and from reference ponds with no history of radioactive or thermal contamination. Fluorescent sequencing of a portion of the mitochondrial control region showed no genetic variation within or between populations. Centrarchidae microsatellite loci Lma 120 (6 alleles, N=124 from 5 populations), Lma 20 (10 alleles, N=37 from 3 populations) and Rb 7 (14 alleles. N=17 from 2 populations) were variable for dollar sunfish. An additional 9 microsatellite primer pairs were designed for dollar sunfish. Testing of the designed …

Interferon-Alpha, Dale L. Barnard

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Amarillo Biosciences is developing low-dose oral interferon-alpha (IFNalpha; Veldona) as a potential treatment for primary Sjøgren's syndrome, oral mucositis in cancer patients, hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) infections, and bone marrow disorders. The company is also developing a topical formulation of IFNalpha for the potential treatment of genital warts. The product is registered in Ghana for the treatment of HBV infection. In October 2001, Amarillo licensed rights to its low-dose oral IFNalpha to Atrix Laboratories for the Orphan indications of oral papillomavirus and Behçet's disease.

Use Of High Pressure Liquid Chromatography To Detect And Quantify Oxytetracycline Marks In Walleye Otoliths And Dorsal Spines, Michael J. Hawkins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Oxytetracycline (OTC) is used to chemically mark calcified structures in walleye Stizostedion vitreum fry and fingerlings. Current visual methods for detection of these marks are subjective, and biologists are unable to quantify the amount of OTC in a sample. The goal of this study was to determine if high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a feasible and superior alternative for detecting and quantifying OTC in otoliths of fry-marked and spines of fingerlingmarked walleyes. Study objectives were to validate methodology of extraction of OTC from calcified tissue, detect and quantify extracted OTC using HPLC, and determine a cost comparison of current …

Chelonus Jurine (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Cheloninae) Species Of The Marmara Region, Mi̇tat Aydoğdu, Ahmet Beyarslan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The genus Chelonus Jurine (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Cheloninae) species in the Marmara region of Turkey are defined, 12 species recorded and a key to species is provided. Of these species, Chelonus asiaticus Telenga, Chelonus bidens Tobias, Chelonus canescens Wesmael, Chelonus microsomus Tobias, Chelonus oculator (Panzer), Chelonus ocellatus Alexeev, Chelonus scabrator (Fabricius), Chelonus smirnovi Telenga, Chelonus szepligetii Dalla Torre, Chelonus tuberculifer Tobias, and Chelonus varimaculatus Tobias are new records for Turkey and Chelonus inanitus (Linnaeus) is a new record for the Marmara region of Turkey.

Pulluterina Karachiensis Sp.N. (Cestoda: Anaplocephalidae) From The Wild Pigeon Columba Livia Gmelin, Rafia Rehana Ghazi, Nasira Khatoon, Sofia Mansoor, Fatima Mujib Bilqees

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A new species, Pulluterina karachiensis, is described from the common pigeon Columba livia Gmelin in Karachi. The new species is characterized by possessing small suckers; a longer neck; fewer testes, smaller in size, and the comparatively smaller size of ova. This is the second species of the genus from Pakistan and third in the literature.

Some Rumen Ciliates (Isotrichidae, Trichostomatida; Epidininae, Ophryoscolecidae) Of The Domestic Goat (Capra Hircus L.) In Turkey, Bayram Göçmen, Mehmet Kutsay Atatür

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Rumen contents obtained from domesticated goats (Capra hircus L.) slaughtered at abattoirs in the vicinity of Adana were surveyed for holotrichous ciliate protozoans and the genus Epidinium. The presence of two holotrichous ciliate genera including three species (Isotricha prostoma, I. intestinalis and Dasytricha ruminantium) and also of seven formae of Epidinium ecaudatum (E. e. f. ecaudatum, E. e. f. caudatum, E. e. f. bicaudatum, E. e. f. tricaudatum, E. e. f. quadricaudatum, E. e. f. parvicaudatum and E. e. f. cattanei) were established. The mean ciliate density in our surveyed goats, 34.62x10^4 cells/ml, was lower than those of domestic sheep …

Range Extension Of Caridina Weberi Sumatrensis De Man, 1892 (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) To Sindh Waters (Karachi, Pakistan), Quddusi̇ Bashi̇r Kazmi̇, Feroz Akhtar Siddiqui, Mohammad Afzal Kazmi̇

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A freshwater atyid Caridina weberi sumatrensis is being reported for the first time from Sindh waters. This report from Karachi is evidently at the margin of its range.

Faunistic Studies On The Species Pachybrachis Chevrolat And Cryptocephalus Geoffroy (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) Of Dedegöl Mountains (Isparta), Ali̇ Gök

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The material of the subfamily Cryptocephalinae collected from Dedegöl Mountains (Isparta) between 1996 and 1998 consisted of 21 species belonging to the genera Pachybrachis and Cryptocephalus. A diagnostic key and distribution records for the species are presented. The species except for Cryptocephalus bipunctatus (L.), C. turcicus Suffrian, C. connexus Olivier, Pachybrachis limbatus (Menetries), P. fimbriolatus (Suffrian) and P. tessellatus orientalis Weise are new for Isparta.

Level Of Lactate Dehydrogenase (Ldh) In Resistant And Susceptible Strains Of Culicine Mosquitoes Of The Karachi Region After Treatment With Ddt, Malathion And Cyfluthrin, M. Arshad Azmi, Imtiaz Ahmed, Syed Naim-Ul-Hasan Naqvi, Kahkashan Akhtar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The effects of Malathion, Cyfluthrin, and DDT were observed on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in susceptible and resistant strains of culicine mosquitoes. Biochemical estimation (colorimetry) revealed a remarkable increase in the enzyme activity in Culex fatigans (L.Y. strain). In contrast, in Culex fatigans (G.I. strain) and Culex fatigans (K.U strain), inhibition of enzyme activity was found after treatment with pesticides.

The Ephemeroptera (Insecta) Fauna Of Lake Ulubat Basin, Mustafa Tanatmiş

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, 1812 Ephemeroptera nymphs were collected in order to determine the Ephemeroptera fauna of Lake Ulubat Basin between April 1996 and September 1999. The distribution of 38 species belonging to 22 genera and 10 families is presented. Among these, the genus Brachycercus Curtis, 1834 and the species Brachycercus harrisella Curtis, 1834 are recorded in Turkey for the first time. In addition, previous records on the distribution of all 38 species in Turkey are given.

Evaluation Of Methiocarb 50%-Wp As A Taste Repellent Against The House Sparrow (Passer Domesticus L.), Syed Waqar Ali̇ Ri̇zvi̇, Amjad Pervez, Syed Muzaffar Ahmed

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Laboratory studies in cages and outdoor aviaries were conducted, using different concentrations of methiocarb 50%-WP to estimate the ideal dose needed to produce taste aversion in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Under a nochoice test, sparrows showed a clear difference in millet bait preference among various concentrations. Under choice tests, in cages and outdoor aviaries a clear repellency trend was recorded in both sexes with increases in poison concentration. However, female birds showed a higher repellency pattern than males. It was concluded that methiocarb grain bait at 0.1% proved to be highly effective in repelling sparrows and may function as …

Antimicrobial Agents: Their Combined Effects On Total Protein Content Of The Endoparasitoid Pimpla Turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Kemal Büyükgüzel

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The effects of some antibiotics and antifungal agents in combination on the total protein content of young pupae of the hymenopterous endoparasitoid, Pimpla turionellae L., were investigated by rearing the larvae aseptically on chemically defined synthetic diets. These effects varied with the kinds and levels of the combination of antimicrobial agents in the diets. The combinations of antibiotics generally increased the total protein content according to their individual levels in the diets. Antifungal agent combinations caused a slight but significant increase in the total protein content. However, some tested combinations of nystatin with methyl p-hydroxybenzoate or cycloheximide significantly decreased the …

Effect Of Temperature On Development, Sexual Maturation Time, Food Consumption And Body Weight Of Schistocerca Gregaria Forsk. (Orthoptera: Acrididae), N. Eylem Akman Gündüz, Adem Gülel

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study was carried out to determine the effect of temperature on the development, sexual maturation time, food consumption and body weight of S. gregaria, Forsk., at 25 and 30ºC. The insects were fed on fresh wheat sprouts (FWS) and bran (B). When the temperature was increased, both developmental time and attainment time to sexual maturation were shortened. Total nymphal developmental time at 25 and 30ºC was 32 and 22 days, respectively. Similarly, the average attainment time to sexual maturity was 33 days at 30ºC, whereas it was 52 days at 25ºC. The food consumption of the insects increased at …

Muscle Fiber Types Of The Tunica Muscularis Externa At The Upper Part Of The Sparrow (Passer Domesticus) Esophagus, Fati̇me Geyi̇koğlu, Aysel Temelli̇, Abdullah Özkaral

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Muscle fiber types of the tunica muscularis externa of the upper part of the sparrow esophagus were characterised by the method of myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase (mATPase). Muscle fibers were described as type II and type III. Muscle fiber types were histochemically different from those of the esophagus of broiler ross. It is thought that this difference should be evaluated according to the functional difference between the esophagus of domestic and wild bird species.

The Ostracoda (Crustacea) Fauna Of Lakes Erikli, Hamam, Mert, Pedina And Saka (İğneada, Kırklareli,Turkey), Okan Köylüoğlu, Erdoğan Usta, M. Teki̇n Babaç

Turkish Journal of Zoology

No abstract provided.