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Articles 271 - 300 of 345
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Growth Hormone, Prolactin, And Sodium Acetate Have Complex And Non-Uniform Effects On The Lipid Distribution Of A Differentiated Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell Line, Brent Fujimoto, Daniel G. Peterson
Growth Hormone, Prolactin, And Sodium Acetate Have Complex And Non-Uniform Effects On The Lipid Distribution Of A Differentiated Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cell Line, Brent Fujimoto, Daniel G. Peterson
Animal Science
Non-polar lipids (NPL) accumulate within the mammary epithelial cell during lactation; however there are no reported systematic studies that utilize NPL composition as a sign of differentiation. Additionally, there are no reported systematic studies on the response of a bovine mammary alveolar cell line (MAC-T), to a range of lactogenic hormone concentrations, or different lipogenic substrates. In a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, the effect of growth hormone (GH; 0, 10, 100 ng/ml), and prolactin (PRL; 0, 5, 10 µg/ml) on the lipid composition of MAC-T was examined using thin layer chromatography. Using the optimal hormone treatment (10 ng/ml GH, …
Carbohydrate Response Element Binding-Protein Is Activated By Elevated Glucose Levels In The Normal Murine Liver Cell Line Nmuli, Jackson Adams, Daniel G. Peterson
Carbohydrate Response Element Binding-Protein Is Activated By Elevated Glucose Levels In The Normal Murine Liver Cell Line Nmuli, Jackson Adams, Daniel G. Peterson
Animal Science
Carbohydrate response element (ChRE) binding protein (ChREBP) is a transcription factor that is regulated by intracellular glucose levels and activates several lipogenic genes including acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). Previous studies of the ChREBP system have used both in vivo models as well as isolated primary hepatocytes. Due to the difficulties in isolation and genetic variability of primary cell culture, we propose the use of a normal murine liver cell line (NMuLi) as a convenient alternative to primary isolated hepatocytes. We show that high (25 mM) but not low (0.5 or 5 mM) glucose activates a luciferase reporter driven by 4 …
Conjugated Linoleic Acids Alter Body Composition Differently According To Physiological Age In Moulard Ducks, Jeffrey Allen Fesler, Daniel G. Peterson
Conjugated Linoleic Acids Alter Body Composition Differently According To Physiological Age In Moulard Ducks, Jeffrey Allen Fesler, Daniel G. Peterson
Animal Science
Recent developments in the field of lipid biology have shown conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) to have remarkable yet inconsistent metabolic effects in mice, rats, hamsters, chickens, cows, and humans. In particular, effects on lipogenesis vary with tissue, physiological state, and specie. In this study, sub-adult (7 wk) and adult (11 wk) moulard ducks were grouped by age and fed a standard corn-soy based diet supplemented with either 5% soybean oil (control) or 5% CLA isomer mixture (30% 9c,11t, 30% 10t,12c; CLA). Animals were harvested after 3 wk or 6 wk for assessment of body composition including liver, adipose, viscera, and …
Moderate Zinc Restriction Affects Intestinal Health And Immune Function In Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Mice, Daniel G. Peterson, Angus G. Scrimgeour, James P. Mcclung, Elizabeth A. Koutsos
Moderate Zinc Restriction Affects Intestinal Health And Immune Function In Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Mice, Daniel G. Peterson, Angus G. Scrimgeour, James P. Mcclung, Elizabeth A. Koutsos
Animal Science
Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient that affects immune function, especially within the digestive system, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study examined the effects of short-term moderate Zn restriction on intestinal health and immune function in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice through plasma cytokine profiling and histological evaluation of intestinal tissue sections. Adult male mice were fed with a Zn-adequate (40 ppm) or a Zn-marginal (4 ppm) diet for 4 weeks, and then a bacterial challenge was simulated by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 μg/g body weight [BW]) or saline (control). BW was recorded weekly, and feed intake …
Staying Alive: Maximizing Live Bacteria In Fermented Products, Phillip S. Tong
Staying Alive: Maximizing Live Bacteria In Fermented Products, Phillip S. Tong
Dairy Science
No abstract provided.
Impact Of Protein Standardization Of Milk Powder With Lactose Or Pemeate On Whey Protein Nitrogen Index And Heat Classification, Vandna Sikand, Phillip S. Tong, John Walker
Impact Of Protein Standardization Of Milk Powder With Lactose Or Pemeate On Whey Protein Nitrogen Index And Heat Classification, Vandna Sikand, Phillip S. Tong, John Walker
Dairy Science
No abstract provided.
Foreword, 3rd International Spray Dried Milk Products Conference Proceedings, Phillip S. Tong
Foreword, 3rd International Spray Dried Milk Products Conference Proceedings, Phillip S. Tong
Dairy Science
No abstract provided.
The Milk Fat Globule Membrane As An Ingredient: Why, How, When?, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Guillaume Brisson
The Milk Fat Globule Membrane As An Ingredient: Why, How, When?, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Guillaume Brisson
Dairy Science
This paper presents a personal view on the potential applications of the milk fat globule membrane as an ingredient in the processed foods area. Several factors are of importance for this dissertation: the biological origin of the membrane, the voluminous literature on its individual components and their relationship with health and wellness, the biological role of milk in nutrition to mammals and the innovation on scientific tools being applied in many fields of chemistry and biology. We hope to give a glimpse of the reasons on why it is a good idea to use more efficiently the components of the …
Push Versus Pull: Nutrient Partitioning Toward Immunity, Brooke D. Humphrey, Daniel G. Peterson
Push Versus Pull: Nutrient Partitioning Toward Immunity, Brooke D. Humphrey, Daniel G. Peterson
Animal Science
No abstract provided.
National Beef Tenderness Survey- 2006: Assessment Of Warner-Bratzler Shear And Sensory Panel Ratings For Beef From Us Retail And Foodservice Establishments, K. L. Voges, C. L. Mason, J. C. Brooks, R. J. Delmore, D. B. Griffin, D. S. Hale, W. R. Henning, D. D. Johnson, C. L. Lorenzen, R. J. Maddock, R. K. Miller, J. B. Morgan, B. E. Baird, B. L. Gwartney, J. W. Savell
National Beef Tenderness Survey- 2006: Assessment Of Warner-Bratzler Shear And Sensory Panel Ratings For Beef From Us Retail And Foodservice Establishments, K. L. Voges, C. L. Mason, J. C. Brooks, R. J. Delmore, D. B. Griffin, D. S. Hale, W. R. Henning, D. D. Johnson, C. L. Lorenzen, R. J. Maddock, R. K. Miller, J. B. Morgan, B. E. Baird, B. L. Gwartney, J. W. Savell
Animal Science
Beef from retail and foodservice establishments in 11 US cities was evaluated using Warner–Bratzler shear (WBS) and consumer evaluation panels. Postmortem aging times ranged from3 to83d for retail and7 to 136d for foodservice with mean aging times of 22.6d and 30.1 d, respectively. For retail, the three cuts from the round – top round, bottom round, and eye of round – had the highest (P < 0.05) WBS values compared to cuts from the chuck, rib, and loin. Top loin steaks had the lowest(P < 0.05) WBS value compared to ribeye and top sirloin foodservice steaks. Retail bone-in top loin, top loin, ribeye, T-bone, and porterhouse received the highest (P < 0.05) ratings by consumers for overall like and like tenderness. Quality grade had little or no effect on foodservice sensory evaluations. Improvements in round tenderness are needed to increase consumer acceptability.
Effect Of Processing On The Composition And Microstructure Of Buttermilk And Its Milk Fat Globule Membranes, Pierre Morin, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Yves Pouliot
Effect Of Processing On The Composition And Microstructure Of Buttermilk And Its Milk Fat Globule Membranes, Pierre Morin, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Yves Pouliot
Dairy Science
The effect of cream pasteurization on the composition and microstructure of buttermilk after pasteurization, evaporation and spray-drying was studied. The composition of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) isolated from buttermilk samples was also characterized. Pasteurization of cream resulted in higher lipid recovery in the buttermilk. Spray-drying of buttermilk had a significant effect on phospholipid content and composition. After spray-drying, the phospholipid content decreased by 38.2% and 40.6%, respectively in buttermilk from raw or pasteurized cream when compared with initial buttermilks. Pasteurization of cream resulted in the highest increase in whey protein recovery in MFGM isolates compared with all other processing …
Industry Response To Beef Sector Policy And Regulation: Case Study Of Beef Sector In California, James Ahern, Robert Delmore, Andy Thulin
Industry Response To Beef Sector Policy And Regulation: Case Study Of Beef Sector In California, James Ahern, Robert Delmore, Andy Thulin
Animal Science
No Abstract.
Digestibility Of Limit Fed High And Low Concentrate Diets With Corn Silage As The Sole Forage For Dairy Heifers With Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, G. J. Lascano, A. J. Heinrichs
Digestibility Of Limit Fed High And Low Concentrate Diets With Corn Silage As The Sole Forage For Dairy Heifers With Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, G. J. Lascano, A. J. Heinrichs
Dairy Science
No abstract provided.
Rumen Fermentation Patterns Of Dairy Heifers Fed Restricted Amounts Of High, Medium, And Low Concentrate Diets And The Addition Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, G. J. Lascano, A. J. Heinrichs
Rumen Fermentation Patterns Of Dairy Heifers Fed Restricted Amounts Of High, Medium, And Low Concentrate Diets And The Addition Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, G. J. Lascano, A. J. Heinrichs
Dairy Science
No abstract provided.
Isolation And Selective Culture Of Quail Primordial Germ Cells And The Development Of A Cross Culture System To Harbor Development Of Manipulated Embryos, C. M. Kimmell, A. Saribalis, J. Echeverria, L. Shuey, K. A. Shaw, K. L. Shaw, D. G. Peterson
Isolation And Selective Culture Of Quail Primordial Germ Cells And The Development Of A Cross Culture System To Harbor Development Of Manipulated Embryos, C. M. Kimmell, A. Saribalis, J. Echeverria, L. Shuey, K. A. Shaw, K. L. Shaw, D. G. Peterson
Animal Science
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the embryonic precursors of adult egg and sperm. Isolation, propagation, genetic manipulation and reimplantation of modified PGCs that retain their commitment to the germline have been recently described for the successful generation of transgenic chickens [1]. Here, we report the adaptation and application of these techniques to Japanese quail for the purpose of future applications involving the introduction of a phytase transgene as previously described [2]. Quail PGCs are harvested by aspiration of whole embryonic blood from embryos that have been incubated for 48– 52 h. Blood is aspirated using a mouth pipette fitted with …
Lipid Binding Characterization Of Lactic Acid Bacteria In Dairy Products, D. Bachiero, Salvador Uson, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Lipid Binding Characterization Of Lactic Acid Bacteria In Dairy Products, D. Bachiero, Salvador Uson, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2007 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Effects Of Refrigeration And Calcium On Whey Protein Aggregation, M. R. Costa, Guillaume Brisson, M. L. Gigante, Phillip S. Tong, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Effects Of Refrigeration And Calcium On Whey Protein Aggregation, M. R. Costa, Guillaume Brisson, M. L. Gigante, Phillip S. Tong, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2007 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Flavor Partition And Fat Reduction In Cheese By Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Processing Variables, Jessica L. Yee, Hany Khalil, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Flavor Partition And Fat Reduction In Cheese By Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Processing Variables, Jessica L. Yee, Hany Khalil, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
Developing low-fat cheese with flavor to match that of full-fat cheese has been a challenge in the dairy industry. The objective of this investigation was to develop lower fat Cheddar and Parmesan grated cheese using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and characterize its flavor profile comparative to a full-fat product. Specifically, enabling flavor compound partition between the matrices of cheese and extracted lipids. Carbon dioxide (CO2) was the supercritical fluid for fat extraction. Extraction took place in a 500 mL SFE vessel using 100 g of grated cheese. Fractional factorial design was utilized to investigate two levels of treatment …
Influence Of Ph And Heat Treatment Of Whey On The Functional Properties Of Whey Protein Concentrates In Yoghurt, Isabelle Sodini, Jerry Mattas, Phillip S. Tong
Influence Of Ph And Heat Treatment Of Whey On The Functional Properties Of Whey Protein Concentrates In Yoghurt, Isabelle Sodini, Jerry Mattas, Phillip S. Tong
Dairy Science
Our aim was to investigate how two conditions of whey processing, pH and heat treatment, affect the physical properties of stirred yoghurts fortified to 45 g protein kg−1 with whey protein concentrates (WPC). Cheddar whey was heated at pH 6.4 or pH 5.8 at 72 °C for 15 s, eventually heated further at 82 or 88 °C for 78 s, ultrafiltered, and spray dried. Resulting WPC contained 38% protein; the denaturation level of the whey protein was 10–53%. There were significant (P
A Comparative Study Of The Fractionation Of Regular Buttermilk And Whey Buttermilk By Microfiltration, Pierre Morin, Yves Pouliot, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
A Comparative Study Of The Fractionation Of Regular Buttermilk And Whey Buttermilk By Microfiltration, Pierre Morin, Yves Pouliot, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
The use of a ceramic microfiltration (MF) membrane for the fractionation of buttermilk and whey buttermilk obtained from pilot scale churning of cream and whey cream from industrial sources has been studied. Whey buttermilk contained comparable amounts of phospholipids compared to regular buttermilk but its protein content was lower due to the absence of caseins. However, it was found that lipid content of whey cream did vary significantly between lots resulting in important variations in the fat content of whey buttermilk. A twofold MF concentration of regular buttermilk doubled its phospholipids content whereas that of whey buttermilk was increased by …
Development Of Successful Sex Determination Method Of Bovine Embryos Utilizing Embryo Biopsy And Pcr, William E. Plummer, Debbie Beckett
Development Of Successful Sex Determination Method Of Bovine Embryos Utilizing Embryo Biopsy And Pcr, William E. Plummer, Debbie Beckett
Animal Science
Producers of domestic livestock strive to improve genetic influences in their herds. This requires identification, and propagation of animals that demonstrate desirable characteristics. The more animals available from which to select, the greater the opportunity to discover high-performance animals. Predetermination of the sex of offspring would provide a greater number of males or females from which to select the top individuals that will contribute the genetics to the next generation. Many attempts at sexing semen and identification of sex in preimplantation embryos have been mildly successful. However, recent advances in gene amplification enable investigators to use sex-specific probes to determine …
High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Infection Decreases The Frequency Of Dendritic Langerhans’ Cells In The Human Female Genital Tract, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Rene Mendez-Cruz, Jorge Ojeda-Ortiz, Rebeca Muñoz-Molina, Oscar Balderas-Carrillo, Maria De La Luz Diaz-Soberanes, Serge Lebecque, Sem Saeland, Adrian Daneri-Navarro, Alejandro Garcia-Carranca, Stephen E. Ullrich, Leopoldo Flores-Romo
High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Infection Decreases The Frequency Of Dendritic Langerhans’ Cells In The Human Female Genital Tract, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Rene Mendez-Cruz, Jorge Ojeda-Ortiz, Rebeca Muñoz-Molina, Oscar Balderas-Carrillo, Maria De La Luz Diaz-Soberanes, Serge Lebecque, Sem Saeland, Adrian Daneri-Navarro, Alejandro Garcia-Carranca, Stephen E. Ullrich, Leopoldo Flores-Romo
Dairy Science
Dendritic cells (DC) are often arranged in planar layers in tissues with high antigenic exposure, such as skin and mucosae. Providing an en face view, this arrangement optimizes in situ analysis regarding morphology (even of individual dendrites), topographic distribution (regular/clustered) and quantification. The few reports on human genital DC usually utilize single markers and conventional sections, restricting immunolabelling only to cell parts sectioned by the cut. To better assess DC in situ, we labelled epithelial sheets, prepared from fresh cervix biopsies, with antibodies to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-CII, CD1a and Langerin, revealing (with each of these markers) a dense …
Evaluation Of Adherence Of Bifidobacterium And Lactobacillus Strains To Cell Membranes By Blot Analysis And Optical Tweezers, J. Sharpe, C. Iñiguez, E. Acedo-Félix, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Evaluation Of Adherence Of Bifidobacterium And Lactobacillus Strains To Cell Membranes By Blot Analysis And Optical Tweezers, J. Sharpe, C. Iñiguez, E. Acedo-Félix, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Fatty Acid Composition And Thermal Properties Of Lipid From Milk And Butter From Lactating Holstein Cows Fed A Supplemental Lipid Either High Or Low In Palmitic Acid, M. K. Beam, L. W. Lassonde, B. C. Veltri, S. J. Taylor, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, E. J. Depeters
Fatty Acid Composition And Thermal Properties Of Lipid From Milk And Butter From Lactating Holstein Cows Fed A Supplemental Lipid Either High Or Low In Palmitic Acid, M. K. Beam, L. W. Lassonde, B. C. Veltri, S. J. Taylor, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, E. J. Depeters
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Sensory Evaluation Of A Novel Ingredient Produced From Buttermilk, S. Jinjarak, Pierre Morin, A. Olabi, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Sensory Evaluation Of A Novel Ingredient Produced From Buttermilk, S. Jinjarak, Pierre Morin, A. Olabi, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Validation Of Ed-Xrf As A Reliable Method For Determining The Mineral Composition Of Skim Milk Powders, Salvador Uson, Chad Immoos, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Validation Of Ed-Xrf As A Reliable Method For Determining The Mineral Composition Of Skim Milk Powders, Salvador Uson, Chad Immoos, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Effects Of A Marginal Zinc Diet On Intestinal Health And Immune Function, Daniel G. Peterson, James P. Mcclung, Angus G. Scrimgeour, Elizabeth A. Koutsos
Effects Of A Marginal Zinc Diet On Intestinal Health And Immune Function, Daniel G. Peterson, James P. Mcclung, Angus G. Scrimgeour, Elizabeth A. Koutsos
Animal Science
Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient for overall health and proper immune function, especially within the digestive system, although the specific mechanisms by which it exerts these effects are not well understood. In this study we examined the effects of short term exposure to a marginal Zn diet on the intestinal health and immune function of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenged mice through plasma cytokine profiling and histologic evaluation of intestinal tissue sections. Adult male mice were fed a Zn-adequate (30 ppm) or Zn-marginal (3 ppm) diet for 4 wk and then a bacterial challenge was simulated with an intraperitoneal injection of …
Correlation Of Dgat1 Genetic Variants With Fat Content In The Cal Poly Herd, S. Henderson, A. Laubscher, Juan F. Medrano, G. Rincon, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Correlation Of Dgat1 Genetic Variants With Fat Content In The Cal Poly Herd, S. Henderson, A. Laubscher, Juan F. Medrano, G. Rincon, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Effect Of Processing On The Composition And Structure Of Buttermilk And Of Its Milk Fat Globule Membranes, Pierre Morin, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Yves Pouliot
Effect Of Processing On The Composition And Structure Of Buttermilk And Of Its Milk Fat Globule Membranes, Pierre Morin, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Yves Pouliot
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2006 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Physical Properties Of Yogurt Fortified With Various Commercial Whey Protein Concentrates, Isabelle Sodini, John Montella, Phillip S. Tong
Physical Properties Of Yogurt Fortified With Various Commercial Whey Protein Concentrates, Isabelle Sodini, John Montella, Phillip S. Tong
Dairy Science
The effects of whey protein concentrates on physical and rheological properties of yogurt were studied. Five commercial whey protein concentrates (340 g kg−1 protein nominal) were used to fortify milk to 45 g protein kg−1. Fermentation was performed with two different starters (ropy and non-ropy). Resulting yogurts were compared with a control yogurt enriched with skim milk powder. The water-holding capacity of the yogurt fortified with skim milk powder was 500 g kg−1 and ranged from 600 to 638 g kg−1 when fortified with whey protein concentrates. Significant rheological differences have been noticed between the …