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Articles 4981 - 5010 of 7866

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Seismicity Of Jordan And Conterminous Countries, Abdallah I. Husein (Malkawi), Robert Y. Liang, Osama Kh. Nusier Apr 1995

Seismicity Of Jordan And Conterminous Countries, Abdallah I. Husein (Malkawi), Robert Y. Liang, Osama Kh. Nusier

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

An up-to-date seismic hazard maps for Jordan and conterminous areas have been developed based on probabilistic approach. Such maps are intended to show the Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) with 90% probability of not being exceeded in a life time of 50, 100, and 200 years, respectively. The computer program FRISK was used for estimating the PGA. A suitable attenuation equation reported in the literature, along with up-to-date earthquake catalogue including all the earthquake events that occurred in Jordan and neighboring countries, were considered in this study. Altogether, ten seismic zones as potential of earthquake activities are identified in the assessment …

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The Amplification Of Seismic Waves In Tehran, S. M. Mir Mohammad Hosseini Apr 1995

The Amplification Of Seismic Waves In Tehran, S. M. Mir Mohammad Hosseini

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Vibrations of the bedrock due to earthquakes are transferred to the ground level via different soil layers. The arrived waves in the ground surface which affect the superstructures are usually stronger than those induced in the bedrock, depending on the geological and geotechnical characteristics of the soil layers. In this paper the influence of different geotechnical parameters of a site on the amplification of earthquake waves are investigated using the mathematical equations of wave’s propagation in a visco-elastic half-space medium. A special computer software was used to analyze the geotechnical data of a site in the western part of Tehran. …

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Third International Conferences On Recent Advances On In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering And Soil Dynamics, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Third International Conferences On Recent Advances On In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering And Soil Dynamics, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Past Proceedings: Third International Conference On Recent Advances In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering And Soil Dynamics, St. Louis (1995), Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Past Proceedings: Third International Conference On Recent Advances In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering And Soil Dynamics, St. Louis (1995), Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Soil-Response Analyses For The 1990 South-East Sicily Earthquake, M. Maugeri, S. M. Frenna Apr 1995

Soil-Response Analyses For The 1990 South-East Sicily Earthquake, M. Maugeri, S. M. Frenna

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In spite of relative low, magnitude comparing with the historical destructive earthquake of the region, South-East Sicily was damaged by the 13/12/1990 earthquake, with estimated magnitude of 5.4; in the town of Augusta and Lentini even concrete buildings had severely damaged. The present paper deals with results from analytical soil amplification studies using actual soil profiles from Augusta site. To investigate dynamic soil behavior, field test as cross-hole and down hole were performed, and laboratory test as resonant column and cyclic triaxal tests were executed. Results indicate that, when using proper laboratory and field measurements of soil properties, one-dimensional soil …

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Elastic Wave Propagation In Inhomogeneous Media Due To Surface Shock Loading, D. S. Shridhar, V. S. Chandrasekaran Apr 1995

Elastic Wave Propagation In Inhomogeneous Media Due To Surface Shock Loading, D. S. Shridhar, V. S. Chandrasekaran

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Wave propagation due to shock loading on the surface of elastic inhomogeneous half-space is considered. The shock loading is applied over a circular area in the form of suddenly applied vertical and shear stress. The analysis makes use of semi-analytical finite element formulation and explicit time integration technique. Extrapolation algorithm is employed for modelling the transmitting boundaries. Details of numerical procedure adopted are given and results of typical analysis are presented and discussed.

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Finite Element Method For Love Wave Dispersion In Soils, T. D. Xia, S. M. Wu Apr 1995

Finite Element Method For Love Wave Dispersion In Soils, T. D. Xia, S. M. Wu

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The secular equation of Love wave is conducted by using combined finite element method and semi-infinite element method (or analytical method) in this paper. The formulation of calculating displacement distributions is also generated. The soils can be more complicate than analytical method. The results indicate that the presented method is more advantageous than analytical method. Some numerical examples are employed to illustrate its applicability and corresponding accuracy.

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Elastic Models Of Rock Due To Explosion Pressures, Sanga Tangchawal Apr 1995

Elastic Models Of Rock Due To Explosion Pressures, Sanga Tangchawal

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Basic theories of wave pulse initiated from conventional blasting were reviewed. Mechanics of various stress wave forms of explosion pressure were proved. A new suggested solution of displacement potential by Rinehart instead of Sharpe or Duvall's suggestion, was used to find the optimum solution. From the mathematical research models, in which they were written as a package program in C language and used Microsoft visual basic as user interface, they proved that a typical cylindrical charge explosion in a bench may take on some of the characteristics of a concentrated charge explosion.

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Experimental And Numerical Investigation On Vibration Screening By In-Filled Trenches, S. Ahmad, J. Baker, J. Li Apr 1995

Experimental And Numerical Investigation On Vibration Screening By In-Filled Trenches, S. Ahmad, J. Baker, J. Li

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In-filled concrete and soil-bentonite trenches have been used in practice for many years as wave barriers to reduce transmission of moderate to high frequency ground vibrations generated by machine foundations or traffic. An experimental investigation on the influence of various geometrical and material parameters on vibration screening effectiveness of in-filled barriers has been conducted. The experimental data are compared with numerical (BEM) Solutions as well as with design formulas of Ahmad and Al-Hussaini (1991).

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Dynamic Tests Of Foundations With Explosives, V. K. Lekarkin, A. G. Wilfand, D. D. Akhmedov, F. F. Zekhniev, B. B. Zukhurdinov Apr 1995

Dynamic Tests Of Foundations With Explosives, V. K. Lekarkin, A. G. Wilfand, D. D. Akhmedov, F. F. Zekhniev, B. B. Zukhurdinov

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The dynamic tests results of bearing capacity of bases disposed of foundation on the tampered out trenches in subsiding soils fulfilled by means of explosions are represented. The main principles are stated which concern the dynamical lasting methods of the "soil-structure" system in subsiding soils by the modelled seismic load fulfilled by means of explosions; the principles concern the analysis of results of dimensions. The functional scheme and the description of work of the device for automatic controlling the seismic explosive load are represented.

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Control Of Vertical Nonlinear Vibrations Of Foundations, M. Abdel-Rohman, H. Al-Sanad Apr 1995

Control Of Vertical Nonlinear Vibrations Of Foundations, M. Abdel-Rohman, H. Al-Sanad

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Sandy soil behaves nonlinearly which affects on the vibration of machine foundations. In order to control the foundation response, damping can be introduced using tuned mass dampers. It is shown the foundation nonlinear vertical response using two different dynamic soil models, and the control of the response by linking linear or nonlinear tuned mass dampers to the foundation.

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Northridge (California) Earthquake: Unique Ground Motions, Mehmet Celebi Apr 1995

Northridge (California) Earthquake: Unique Ground Motions, Mehmet Celebi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The Northridge (California) earthquake of 17 January 1994 generated numerous strong-motion records that are unique because they have: (a) very high peak accelerations and (b) long-duration pulses. Using digitized data available to date, the significant aspects of the strong-motions are preliminarily reviewed and their impact on earthquake engineering are discussed.

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Performance Of Port Facilities During The Northridge Earthquake, K. K. Muraleetharan, S. V. Jagannath, K. Arulmoli, D. A. Thiessen Apr 1995

Performance Of Port Facilities During The Northridge Earthquake, K. K. Muraleetharan, S. V. Jagannath, K. Arulmoli, D. A. Thiessen

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

During the January 17, 1994, Northridge earthquake, two of the Port of Los Angeles' facilities called Berths 121-126 and Pier 300 sustained moderate damage. Lateral displacement of dikes up to five inches and liquefaction of hydraulic fills were observed. Several geotechnical analyses from simplified SPT -based method to sophisticated fully-coupled analyses are presented. Observed lateral displacements are predicted reasonably well by the fully-coupled analysis procedure and an intermediate analysis procedure which incorporates some results from a fully-coupled analysis in to a simplified Newmark-type deformation analysis. The potential for higher pore pressure generation underneath the dike compared to a level ground …

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Lessons Learned From Liquefaction And Lifeline Performance During San Francisco Earthquakes, T. D. O'Rourke, J. W. Pease Apr 1995

Lessons Learned From Liquefaction And Lifeline Performance During San Francisco Earthquakes, T. D. O'Rourke, J. W. Pease

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper presents information about subsurface conditions, liquefaction-induced ground movements, and lifeline performance during the 1906 and 1989 earthquakes in San Francisco. Three sites of soil liquefaction and pipeline damage during both earthquakes are evaluated, including the Marina, South of Market, and Mission Creek areas. Important lessons are summarized about the effects of transient lateral shear strains on pipeline performance, post liquefaction consolidation, use of submerged fill thickness as a microzonation technique for predicting liquefaction severity and potential pipeline damage, the relationship between surface manifestations of liquefaction and subsurface geometry of deposits, and factors affecting the magnitude of lateral spread.

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Clay Behavior, Ground Response And Soil-Structure Interaction Studies In Mexico City, Miguel P. Romo Apr 1995

Clay Behavior, Ground Response And Soil-Structure Interaction Studies In Mexico City, Miguel P. Romo

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper focuses on the most relevant results of recent investigations carried out on the behavior of Mexico City clays under dynamic loading, on the effects of soil site conditions and on the evaluation of the dynamic soil-structure interaction phenomenon. The paper shows the impact of these studies upon foundation engineering practice in earthquake-prone regions where clayey deposits exist, and advances simple, yet accurate, procedures to develop site-dependent, building-specific input motions for the design of structures in the Valley of Mexico. It discusses recent seismic observations that clarify the origin of the long coda observed in several records obtained in …

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Performance Of Landfills Under Seismic Loading, D. G. Anderson, E. Kavazanjian Jr. Apr 1995

Performance Of Landfills Under Seismic Loading, D. G. Anderson, E. Kavazanjian Jr.

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The record of performance of landfills in earthquakes is excellent. However, the advent of geosynthetic liner and cover systems has increased the susceptibility of modern landfills to seismically-induced instability and deformations. Analyses used to assess the performance of landfills in earthquakes include site response, limit equilibrium stability, and Newmark deformation analyses. Well documented case histories of the behavior of landfills subject to seismic loading are necessary to improve knowledge of the parameters required for these analyses and thereby enhance the reliability of seismic performance evaluations for landfills.

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Acceleration Distribution And Fault Location During Kobe Earthquake, T. B. S. Pradhan Apr 1995

Acceleration Distribution And Fault Location During Kobe Earthquake, T. B. S. Pradhan

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

An earthquake of magnitude 7.2 struck Kobe area at 5:46:51 am, on 17th January, 1995. The earthquake was named "South Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake" by Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and also named "The great Hanshin Earthquake" by the government. The epicenter of the main shock was located by Kyoto Univ. and Nagoya Univ. to be at latitude 34.641°N, longitude 135.179°E, and depth 13.3km. The seismic intensity at the center of Kobe city was announced to be 7 in Japanese scale (by JMA) which was the highest ever experienced in Japan.

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General Report —Session Ii: Model Testing In Cyclic Loading, R. Scott Steedman, T. Kokusho, L. Towhata, S. Kramer, G. M. S. Manyando Apr 1995

General Report —Session Ii: Model Testing In Cyclic Loading, R. Scott Steedman, T. Kokusho, L. Towhata, S. Kramer, G. M. S. Manyando

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Table Of Contents, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Table Of Contents, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Concluding Session, Shamsher Prakash Apr 1995

Concluding Session, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Dynamic Shear Modulus And Damping Ratio Predicted By A Unified 3-D Critical State Bounding Surface Plasticity Model, John P. Wolf, Roger S. Crouch Apr 1995

Dynamic Shear Modulus And Damping Ratio Predicted By A Unified 3-D Critical State Bounding Surface Plasticity Model, John P. Wolf, Roger S. Crouch

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A unified 3-d critical state bounding surface plasticity model (gUTS) has been developed which is able to provide realistic simulations of the behavior of clays, silts and sands both in drained and undrained conditions over a wide range of monotonic and complex cyclic paths. A strong feature of this model is its ability to treat loose and dense states of the same material with a single set of material constants. The link between the two states is made by introducing an apparent normal consolidation line for sands and adopting a volumetric plastic strain hardening/softening model (similar to the critical state …

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Simple Shear Versus Direct Shear Tests On Interfaces During Cyclic Loading, K. Fakharian, E. Evgin Apr 1995

Simple Shear Versus Direct Shear Tests On Interfaces During Cyclic Loading, K. Fakharian, E. Evgin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

An apparatus capable of direct shear type and simple shear type testing of interfaces between soil and structural materials is developed. A series of monotonic and cyclic tests are conducted at the interfaces between dry sand and a rough surface under constant normal stress conditions with both methods. The test results indicate that the peak and residual shear strengths obtained from direct shear and simple shear are approximately the same. However, the simple shear box permits separate measurements of shear deformation of the sand mass and also sliding at the contact surface.

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Total Stress Change During Cyclic Loading Under KO Conditions, Jian-Min Zhang, Shamoto Yasuhiro Apr 1995

Total Stress Change During Cyclic Loading Under KO Conditions, Jian-Min Zhang, Shamoto Yasuhiro

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Cyclic torsional and triaxial tests of saturated sand under Ko conditions were conducted in order to examine the change of total lateral stress in the following cases: during the build-up of excess pore water pressure under undrained cyclic shear, and during the one-dimensional compression, expansion and recompression due to dissipation and redistribution of excess pore water pressure following undrained cyclic shear. As a result, a simplified method is proposed to estimate the changes of the total and effective lateral stresses in saturated sand with changing excess pore water pressure after undrained cyclic loading in Ko conditions.

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Verification Of An Elasto-Piastic Earthquake Analysis Procedure, A. Anandarajah Apr 1995

Verification Of An Elasto-Piastic Earthquake Analysis Procedure, A. Anandarajah

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

An effective stress based, finite element procedure of modeling earthquake soil and soil-structure interaction problems is described. Elasto-plastic constitutive models are used to describe the stress-strain behavior of soils. A fully-coupled finite element formulation is employed, which allows the pore pressure build-up and dissipation to be modelled simultaneously. Undrained behavior is modelled as a special case of this general formulation. In a previous study, the procedure was used to perform a “before the event” prediction of the liquefaction behavior of a 10-meter thick saturated sand deposit subjected to an earthquake loading. In the present paper, the predictions are compared with …

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Dynamic Properties Of A Granular Soil, F. Rodriguez-Roa, G. Palma Apr 1995

Dynamic Properties Of A Granular Soil, F. Rodriguez-Roa, G. Palma

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The variation of the Dynamic Shear Modulus, G, and Damping Ratio, D, in a coarse grained alluvial soil from the Santiago area, Chile, is analyzed when changes occur in its grain size distribution, degree of compaction, confining pressure, magnitude of the cyclic deviator stress, and number of applied loading loops. Using statistical techniques it was possible to determine the degree of influence of each one of such factors in the magnitude of G and D. Further, the experimental error derived from laboratory tests measurements could be evaluated. The Hyperbolic Model shows a better performance than the Ramber-Osgood Model when theoretical …

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Centrifuge Modeling Of A Tilting Wall With Liquefiable Backfill, N.-H. Ting, R. V. Whitman Apr 1995

Centrifuge Modeling Of A Tilting Wall With Liquefiable Backfill, N.-H. Ting, R. V. Whitman

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A series of dynamic centrifuge tests was carried out to simulate the seismic behaviors of an idealized model retaining wall and the liquefiable backfill supported by the wall. The wall is hinged at the base and is supported near the top by an anchor with finite strength. Eighteen tests with various peak accelerations were applied to six saturated sand models prepared at two relative densities and with two pore fluid viscosities. Permanent tilt in the wall as a result of temporary failure of the anchor occurred in some tests. Results from tests without anchor failures were used to form a …

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Preliminary Investigation Of A Buried Pipe Excited By An Earthquake, Hubert K. Law, Hon-Yim Ko, Jun Tohda, Liming Li, Takeshi Hamada Apr 1995

Preliminary Investigation Of A Buried Pipe Excited By An Earthquake, Hubert K. Law, Hon-Yim Ko, Jun Tohda, Liming Li, Takeshi Hamada

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The consequence of a devastating earthquake is usually a result of fires, which are caused by breakage of gas pipelines and lack of water supply from damaged water pipelines. The seismic response of a buried pipe was studied using the geotechnical centrifuge facility at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Ottawa sand labeled F-75 was used to model the ground, which was contaminated in a rigid container with inside dimensions of 48 in. long, 12 in. wide and 9 in. deep. A 4-foot long micro PVC pipe having a 1/4-inch-inside diameter and a 5/16-inch-outsIde diameter was used to model a prototype …

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Discussions And Replies — Session Ii, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Discussions And Replies — Session Ii, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Liquefaction Potential Evaluation For The Messina Straits Crossing By Field And Laboratory Testing, F. Pelli, K. Tokimatsu, Y. Yoshimi, E. D' Appolonia Apr 1995

Liquefaction Potential Evaluation For The Messina Straits Crossing By Field And Laboratory Testing, F. Pelli, K. Tokimatsu, Y. Yoshimi, E. D' Appolonia

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The method adopted for the evaluation of the soil liquefaction potential in the Messina Straits, Italy, is presented and the results are discussed. The study was carried out for the design of three submerged floating tunnels linking Sicily to the Italian mainland. The method is based on a combined approach where field measurements are used to partly re-create the original soil fabric in the specimens for cyclic laboratory tests. The method is suitable for offshore investigations where recovery of truly undisturbed samples is hardly possible. The results show that in this way a much higher resistance to liquefaction is predicted …

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Seismic Safety Retrofit Of Second Narrows Bridge Foundations Geotechnical Design Aspects, U. D. Atukorafa, D. Wijawlckl'ema, T. P. Fltzell, N. R. Mccammon Apr 1995

Seismic Safety Retrofit Of Second Narrows Bridge Foundations Geotechnical Design Aspects, U. D. Atukorafa, D. Wijawlckl'ema, T. P. Fltzell, N. R. Mccammon

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The geotechnical engineering analyses carried out for the seismic safety retrofit design of Second Narrows Bridge located in Vancouver, Canada, are presented. The work involved detailed ground response analyses to evaluate the liquefaction potential of site soils, the development of a series of numerical models to assess the pattern and magnitude of liquefaction-induced ground displacements, and to analytically evaluate the ground displacements with potential ground improvements.

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