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Articles 271 - 300 of 505
Full-Text Articles in Chemical Engineering
Anodic Oxidation Of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid On Pt In Acid Sulfate Solutions, Howard Ho-Wei Jiang
Anodic Oxidation Of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid On Pt In Acid Sulfate Solutions, Howard Ho-Wei Jiang
Masters Theses
"The anodic oxidation of EDTA was studied in acid sulfate solutions on platinized-Pt at 25ºC. Polarization relationships were obtained for the EDTA concentration range 3. 42 x 10⁻⁵ to 3. 42 x 10⁻³ M and pH range 0. 35 to 3. 80. Numerous reaction products were identified that indicated a sequential removal of acetate groups from the EDTA, each by an initial decarboxylation followed by a reverse Schiff-type reaction, that produced formaldehyde and the corresponding amine. A reaction sequence which correlated the experimental data involved Frumkin-type adsorption of the EDTA species through an unionized acetate group followed by a rate-determining …
Intrinsic Viscosities Of Linear Polyethylene, Joseph Shing Chiang
Intrinsic Viscosities Of Linear Polyethylene, Joseph Shing Chiang
Masters Theses
"Intrinsic viscosity measurements were performed on linear polyethylene (Marlex 6009) in decalin at 135ºC and in diphenyl ether at 163.9ºC. Molecular weights ranging from 3x10³ to 35x10⁴ were studied. It was found that for linear polyethylene of molecular weight up to 35x10⁴, the tedious intrinsic viscosity measurement could be replaced by inherent viscosity measurement at a concentration of 0.1 grams per deciliter. The effect of shear on viscosities measured in decalin increased as the molecular weight of the sample increased. The shear rate effects on intrinsic viscosities were negligible. On the other hand, the shear rate effect on the Huggins' …
An Empirical Method Of Correlating Compressibility Factors Of Nitrogen - Helium - Hydrocarbon Systems, Terry Wayne Buck
An Empirical Method Of Correlating Compressibility Factors Of Nitrogen - Helium - Hydrocarbon Systems, Terry Wayne Buck
Masters Theses
"Compressibility factors have been taken from previous works by Davis and Taneja for twelve different common oil-field hydrocarbon mixtures which contain at least 2 mole % nitrogen. An effort has been made to show that by using the Benedict-Webb-Rubin Equation of State it is possible to predict compressibility factors using a correlation of error in predicted compressibility factor versus reduced pressure, at different mole % of nitrogen with constant reduced temperatures, if the critical points of the mixtures are known or can be calculated. In the mixtures which contain helium, the only effect of helium seems to be the raising …
The Anodic Dissolution Of Tungsten, Ching-Lun Wu
The Anodic Dissolution Of Tungsten, Ching-Lun Wu
Masters Theses
"The anodic dissolution of tungsten was studied in H₂SO₄-K₂SO₄ solutions (pH= -2 to 2.5) andK₂SO₄-K₂CO₃-KOH solutions (pH = 11.5 to 14.5) at 25ºC. Faradaic efficiency studies in basic solutions showed that the metal was oxidized to the +6 state. In acid solutions, a thick protective film of yellow WO₃ was formed. Polarization measurements showed linear Tafel behavior (slope ~ 2.3RT/F) in the potential region slightly more positive than the rest potentials. An anodic dissolution mechanism is proposed which involves a surface film of W₂O₅ that is further oxidized to WO₃ and dissolves by hydrolyzation"--Abstract, page 1.
A Comparative Study Of Experimental And Computed Compressibility Factors Of Ethane-Carbon Dioxide-Nitrogen System, Brij Raj Misra
A Comparative Study Of Experimental And Computed Compressibility Factors Of Ethane-Carbon Dioxide-Nitrogen System, Brij Raj Misra
Masters Theses
"The purpose of this study was to provide compressibility factor data on the ethane - carbon dioxide - nitrogen system. Compressibility factors were experimentally determined for 5 mixtures at room temperature, 100ºF, 125ºF , 150ºF and pressures ranging between 1000 psig to 4000 psig. An attempt was also made to compare the experimental data with the compressibility factors obtained by the additive volume method. The deviation of the computed compressibility factor from the experimental data was found to be in accordance with the general view of previous workers. However, the deviation was found to be a maximum in the pressure …
Shear Degradation Of Polystyrene In Toluene, Ali Asghar Sarmasti
Shear Degradation Of Polystyrene In Toluene, Ali Asghar Sarmasti
Masters Theses
"The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of flow degradation of narrow molecular weight distribution polystyrene samples under the conditions of laminar flow in capillary tubes. In all cases the solvent was toluene at 25ºC, the polymer concentration was 0.1 weight percentage, and the calculated shear rate at the wall was in the range of 10⁵ - 10⁶ sec⁻¹. The extent of degradation was obtained by measuring the intrinsic viscosity [eta] of the polystyrene samples before and after flow through capillary tubes having a wide range of length/diameter (L/D) ratios. The polystyrene samples here had molecular weight …
Effect Of Third Components On Drag Reduction In Aluminum Soap-Hydrocarbon Systems, Kun-Chieh Lee
Effect Of Third Components On Drag Reduction In Aluminum Soap-Hydrocarbon Systems, Kun-Chieh Lee
Masters Theses
"The effect of additives, aging, shear and peptizing agents on the drag reducing abilities of aluminum disoaptoluene solutions prepared at room temperature were studied. Viscosity measurements were used as a primary test to select effective additives. Medium strong organic bases were found to be useful as they speed up the dissolution of slow dissolving aluminum dioctoate soap and form large micelle structures. These peptizers are not effective with aluminum distearate which is very hard to dissolve in toluene at room temperature. Turbulent flow pressure drop measurements at various aging times were made for solutions of 0.1 per cent aluminum dioleate …
Chromatographic Determination Of Hydrocarbons Based On Retention Time Data For Squalene And Tetracyanoethylated Pentaerythritol Columns, Mehdi Honarpour
Chromatographic Determination Of Hydrocarbons Based On Retention Time Data For Squalene And Tetracyanoethylated Pentaerythritol Columns, Mehdi Honarpour
Masters Theses
"The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the theory that when several members of a homologous series are injected into a gas chromatograph, at a given flow rate and column temperature, the lograrithm of their retention time as a function of some increasing property of the homologous series may be presented as a straight line and to develop their equations. Experimental procedure was accomplished for the normal paraffin series with 7 1/2% squalene and 10% Tetracyanoethylated Pentaerythritol (T.C.E.pageE.) columns and the relation between retention time and carbon number was determined. The same type of development was employed for aromatic …
A Permeability Scaling Technique In The Numerical Simulation Of Water Coning, Virendra Kumar Dutta
A Permeability Scaling Technique In The Numerical Simulation Of Water Coning, Virendra Kumar Dutta
Masters Theses
"A two-dimensional, two-phase, radial, horizontally layered water coning simulator was programmed for large memory digital computers. A permeability sealing technique is developed which allows the use of large size blocks as production blocks. As a result of this technique large time steps have been used without causing saturation instabilities around the well bore and the permeability scaling technique allows a more realistic simulation of a water cone. The IMPES method is used to calculate pressure and saturation in the system for each finite time step. The behaviour of the simulator is studied for various factors affecting the advance of a …
Determination Of Reservoir Characteristics From Capillary Pressure Curves And Electrical Properties Of Rocks, Prasanta Kumar Guharoy
Determination Of Reservoir Characteristics From Capillary Pressure Curves And Electrical Properties Of Rocks, Prasanta Kumar Guharoy
Masters Theses
"Based upon the assumptions that a porous medium is analogous to a bundle of capillary tubes and that there is equivalence of electrical and hydraulic tortuosity in a porous medium, empirical expressions are presented which relate capillary pressure data and electrical properties of the rock to the porosity, permeability and relative-water permeability, respectively, of completely water-wet rocks. Experimental data are presented for comparison in order to verify their validity. Three principal models are presented, each of which is characterized by a particular expression for estimating tortuosity. The method of determining this parameter was varied in order to find the form …
The Anodic Dissolution Of Zinc In Potassium Chloride-Potassium Chlorate Solutions, Kuei Chun Chen
The Anodic Dissolution Of Zinc In Potassium Chloride-Potassium Chlorate Solutions, Kuei Chun Chen
Masters Theses
"The anodic dissolution of Zn was studied in Cl⁻-Clo⁻₃; solutions at a temperature of 25ºC. It was found that the apparent valence of Zn ions going into solution was approximately the normal value of two at low current densities. An empirical equation was derived relating the apparent valence to the current density and both concentrations of Cl⁻ and Clo⁻₃. An anodic dissolution mechanism was proposed"--Abstract, page 1.
Degradation Of Polystyrene Solutions By Capillary Shear, Tyan-Faung Niu
Degradation Of Polystyrene Solutions By Capillary Shear, Tyan-Faung Niu
Masters Theses
"An apparatus has been constructed to investigate the capillary shear degradation of polymer solutions. Maximum shear rates obtainable under flow conditions which could be characterized as nonturbulent were on the order of 10₅ sec⁻¹. The effect of calculated shear rate, initial molecular weight, and number of passes through the capillary tube on the degradation of polystyrene (with M̄v from 22,000 to 1,770,000) solutions in toluene (0.1 wt.%) were studied. The tests in the 0.0105 in. ID stainless steel tube at a calculated shear rate of 1.36 x 10₅ sec⁻¹ show that, for equal number of passes, the lower the …
The Electrochemical Behavior Of Molybdenum In Acidic Chloride Solutions, Mun-Shan Lee
The Electrochemical Behavior Of Molybdenum In Acidic Chloride Solutions, Mun-Shan Lee
Masters Theses
"The anodic dissolution of Mo was studied in HC1-KC1 solutions at 25ºC. The apparent valences of Mo ions going into solution were approximately six. Lower values were obtained in HC1 solutions, with the most pronounced changes occurring with the higher concentrations. The resultant ions in solution were Mo-VI. The Mo surface in aqueous solutions appears to be covered with an oxide whose approximate composition is Mo₂O₅. The anodic dissolution is controlled by the oxidation of the surface oxide (Mo₂O₅) to MoO₃"--Abstract, page 1.
Comparison Of The Buckley-Leverett Technique With A Numerical Simulation Model Containing Heterogeneity And Capillary Pressure, Krishna Kumar Singh
Comparison Of The Buckley-Leverett Technique With A Numerical Simulation Model Containing Heterogeneity And Capillary Pressure, Krishna Kumar Singh
Masters Theses
"A numerical model for a linear, two-phase fluid flow system has been developed with the capabilities of accounting for heterogeneity and capillarity. The model developed is general enough to analyze either water-oil or gas-oil systems. A hypothetical petroleum reservoir (containing only water and oil) under water flood was studied. The results for the homogeneous, no capillary pressure case were found to be similar to those obtained by the Buckley-Leverett technique. The study shows that the Buckley-Leverett is accurate even for a certain degree of heterogeneity. Also, capillarity does not substantially alter the results for the system studied. The results obtained …
A Comparative Study Of Experimental And Computed Compressibility Factors Of Methane-Nitrogen-Carbon Dioxide System, Piloo Eruchshaw Ilavia
A Comparative Study Of Experimental And Computed Compressibility Factors Of Methane-Nitrogen-Carbon Dioxide System, Piloo Eruchshaw Ilavia
Masters Theses
"Experimentally determined compressibility factors of a natural gas with impurities like carbon dioxide and nitrogen are found to differ with the values computed by various methods making use of compositional breakup of the gas. Compressibility factors for five mixtures of known composition were experimentally determined at room temperature, 100ºF, 125ºF, and 150ºF, and at pressure ranging between 1000 psi to 4000 psi. Using the known composition of the mixtures, compressibility factors were calculated by additive volume method and by Eilerts method. The deviation between computed and experimentally determined compressibility factors are at a maximum in the lower and higher pressure …
The Anodic Dissolution Of Tin In Acidic Chloride Solutions, Edward Chung-Hong Liu
The Anodic Dissolution Of Tin In Acidic Chloride Solutions, Edward Chung-Hong Liu
Masters Theses
"The anodic dissolution of Sn in acidic chloride solutions (pH = -2.0 to 2.9) was studied at 25ºC. The apparent valence of the dissolving ions varied from about 0.4 to 2.4, a function of both electrolyte and c.d. The complexing of Sn⁺² by Cl⁻ had an important influence with SnCl₃⁻ apparently being the dominant products. A reaction sequence is proposed involving the step-wide oxidation of Sn accompanied by reaction with Cl⁻"--Abstract, page 1.
The Cathodic Reduction Of Bromate Ions On Mercury In Neutral And Basic Solutions, Jaw-Shin Chang
The Cathodic Reduction Of Bromate Ions On Mercury In Neutral And Basic Solutions, Jaw-Shin Chang
Masters Theses
"The reduction of BrO⁻₃ was studied in neutral and basic solutions on a stationary Hg surface under activation controlled conditions. Coulombic efficiency studies showed that BrO⁻₃; was reduced to Br⁻ with high efficiencies. The polarization measurements lead to a proposed reaction scheme which is consistent with the experimental observations"--Abstract, page 1.
The Effect Of Solvents On The Desorption Of Phenol From Carbon, Robert Harold Pahl
The Effect Of Solvents On The Desorption Of Phenol From Carbon, Robert Harold Pahl
Masters Theses
"The desorption of phenol from active carbon was studied using cyclic and continuous flow desorbers. A wide difference in desorption capabilities was shown among nine solvents. The system employed was complex, with water being present in addition to phenol on the carbon. An attempt to correlate the desorption data with the physical properties of the phenol and solvent and Regular Solution theory are presented. A thermodynamic approach using the linear free energy-enthalpy relationship produced an apparently good correlation of the heat of formation of the phenol-solvent hydrogen bond with the desorption data. This indicates that the desorption of the phenol …
The Anodic Dissolution Of Molybdenum In Acidic Nitrate Solutions, Kuan-Hsiung Hoh
The Anodic Dissolution Of Molybdenum In Acidic Nitrate Solutions, Kuan-Hsiung Hoh
Masters Theses
"The anodic dissolution of molybdenum in 1.0 N HNO₃ (pH = 0.3) , 0.1 N HNO₃-0.9 N KNO₃ (pH = 1.2), and 0.01 N HNO₃ -0.99 N KNO₃ (pH = 2.1) was investigated. The following conclusions were possible: 1. Mo is in general electrochemically oxidized to the Mo-VI state during anodic dissolution. 2. The resultant ions in solution are HMOO⁻₄. 3. The Mo surface in aqueous solutions is covered with an oxide whose approximate composition is Mo₂O₅. 4. The polarization curves have a linear Tafel region at potentials slightly above the rest potential. 5. There is no significant effect of …
Anodic Dissolution Of Zinc In Potassium Bromide-Potassium Bromate Solutions, Ying-Cheh Chuang
Anodic Dissolution Of Zinc In Potassium Bromide-Potassium Bromate Solutions, Ying-Cheh Chuang
Masters Theses
"The purpose of this investigation was to study the anodic dissolution of zinc at a temperature of 25°C in Br⁻-BrO₃; solutions. In Br⁻ solutions, it was found that the apparent valences of zinc ions going into solution were approximately the normal value of two. Smaller values were obtained in BrO⁻₃ solutions, with the most pronounced changes occurring in the higher concentrations of BrO⁻₃. An empirical equation was derived relating the apparent valence (zi) to the current density (amp·cm⁻²) and BrO⁻₃ concentration (gmol/liter): 2- zi = 3.11 X i⁰̇̇¹³(CBrO⁻₃)⁰̇⁵⁷ The mechanism for the dissolution of zinc …
The Anodic Oxidation Of Oxalic Acid On Au, Steven C. Mueller
The Anodic Oxidation Of Oxalic Acid On Au, Steven C. Mueller
Masters Theses
"The anodic oxidation of oxalic acid on Au has been studied at 80°C in aqueous media. The reaction rate was measured as a function of potential, oxalic acid concentration, pH, and temperature in H₂SO₄-K₂SO₄-KOH solutions of unit ionic strength. The oxalic acid was oxidized only in acidic media. The oxidation to CO₂ was essentially complete. A first order dependence of the rate on both pH and undissociated oxalic acid was found. A mechanism is proposed in which the first decarboxylation is the rate determining step"--Abstract, page 1.
A Study Of The Nucleate Boiling Of Liquid Nitrogen, Liquid Argon, And Liquid Carbon Monoxide From Atmospheric To Near The Critical Pressure, Craig Bauer Johler
A Study Of The Nucleate Boiling Of Liquid Nitrogen, Liquid Argon, And Liquid Carbon Monoxide From Atmospheric To Near The Critical Pressure, Craig Bauer Johler
Masters Theses
"The nucleate boiling curves of three corresponding states liquids (nitrogen, argon, and carbon monoxide) were analyzed. Each liquid was studied at pressures ranging from atmospheric pressure to near the critical pressure. Saturated liquid boiling was conducted from cylindrical heaters in the horizontal position having diameters of 0.75 inches and lengths of three inches. Liquid nitrogen was boiled from four different gold heat transfer surfaces; argon and carbon monoxide were boiled from the same gold surface. The critical heat flux correlation of Cobb and Park was further verified by agreement with the experimental critical heat flux ratios obtained in this investigation. …
Determination Of Distillation Efficiencies For The Water-Methanol-Acetone System, Chorng Shyong Wang
Determination Of Distillation Efficiencies For The Water-Methanol-Acetone System, Chorng Shyong Wang
Masters Theses
"A pilot-scale, eight-plate, bubble-cap distillation tower with a multi-point temperature recorder and automatic sampling device was used to obtain operating data on temperatures and liquid phase compositions for distillation efficiency studies. The tower was run with a single feed, a total condenser, and a partial reboiler. At steady state, as indicated by constant temperatures, samples were taken and later analyzed by gas chromatography. A digital program was developed to calculate component efficiencies on each plate according to Holland's modified Murphree plate efficiency, utilizing the operating data, and reflux rate, the input and output flows and compositions, and vapor-liquid equilibrium data. …
Anodic Behavior Of Semiconducting Insb Single Crystals In Acidic Solutions, Lih-Da Hu
Anodic Behavior Of Semiconducting Insb Single Crystals In Acidic Solutions, Lih-Da Hu
Masters Theses
"Undoped, semiconducting single, n-type, InSb crystals were used to study the different etching behavior of the inverse {111} planes, to determine the apparent electron number of InSb under anodic dissolution (which corresponds to the sum of the absolute values of the oxidation numbers) and to investigate whether or not the inverse {111} planes show potential differences. The In {111}, Sb {111[repeating]}, {110} and {100} faces were highly polished, etched and immersed in various acidic solutions. Several new etch patterns of the inverse {111} faces were observed in giving other possibilities to distinguish both of the planes. The significant differences in …
A Five-Spot Waterflood Process As Applied To The Digital Computer Based On The Prats Technique, Leonard Koederitz
A Five-Spot Waterflood Process As Applied To The Digital Computer Based On The Prats Technique, Leonard Koederitz
Masters Theses
"The technique for the prediction of injection rates and production history of a five-spot secondary recovery field pattern as presented by Prats has been significantly modified to permit rapid and accurate digital applications eliminating the heretofore prohibitive reliance upon electrolytic model results for intermediate data values following water front breakthrough"--Abstract, page i.
Simulation Of The Cyclic Steam Injection Process In A Petroleum Reservoir By A Finite Difference Mathematical Model, Jean-Claude Bernys
Simulation Of The Cyclic Steam Injection Process In A Petroleum Reservoir By A Finite Difference Mathematical Model, Jean-Claude Bernys
Masters Theses
"A three-phase, one-dimensional radially layered reservoir simulator is programmed for a large memory digital computer. It is designed to provide a practical solution to the problem of determining optimum soak time during an intermittent steam injection process. The general approach is to (1) develop a representative mathematical model which describes the reservoir; and (2) employ a suitable numerical technique to solve the system of equations which comprises this model. The reservoir consists of concentric cylinders around the wellbore, a pay-zone stratified into thermally connected layers limited on the top and on the bottom by an impermeable cap and base rock, …
Calculation Of Optimum Conditions For Simultaneous Heat And Mass Transfer In Porous Membranes, Chia-Chang Liu
Calculation Of Optimum Conditions For Simultaneous Heat And Mass Transfer In Porous Membranes, Chia-Chang Liu
Masters Theses
"The object of this investigation was to study desalination using evaporation through porous membranes and to estimate the economic potential of the method. The major factors affecting the economics were: 1. The saline water temperature into the evaporator, tsl; 2. the temperature driving force in the evaporator, DF; 3. the temperature driving force in the heat exchanger, DTEX; and 4. the saline water temperature leaving the evaporator, ts2. The optimum conditions based on cost of water product were studied by calculating water costs under a wide range of conditions. for any given set of variables t …
A Study Of The Effect Of Tube Bundle Geometry On The Nucleate Boiling Region Of A Series Of Hydrocarbon Liquids, Robert Terry Montgomery
A Study Of The Effect Of Tube Bundle Geometry On The Nucleate Boiling Region Of A Series Of Hydrocarbon Liquids, Robert Terry Montgomery
Masters Theses
"The primary purpose of this heat transfer investigation was to determine quantitatively in what manner tube bundle geometry affects the nucleate boiling region of a tube whose single tube boiling characteristics are known. A series of tests were conducted with horizontal tube bundles which produced boiling in a saturated pool of n-hexane, n-pentane, and seven carbon (C₇) hydrocarbon mixture at atmospheric pressure. Tube bundle size and pitch were the principle independent variables considered. The phenomena of heater hysteresis and aging were also studied. Data are presented which indicates that aging probably is not a direct consequence of gas adsorption on …
A Study Of Low-Cost Heat Exchangers For Desalination, Chin-Tsai Lin
A Study Of Low-Cost Heat Exchangers For Desalination, Chin-Tsai Lin
Masters Theses
"This investigation was proposed to search for simple and inexpensive but effective heat exchangers for the recovery of heat in water desalination by evaporation through non-wettable porous membranes. Aluminum was chosen as the material for constructing the heat exchangers. Various fluted arrangements and one plate type arrangement were chosen to increase heat transfer coefficients and conserve material. Equations correlating the heat transfer coefficients to temperatures and flow rates have been suggested for estimating the overall heat transfer coefficient at different conditions. The results of economic calculations indicate that the cost per unit transfer area of the exchangers in this investigation …
Design, Construction, And Initial Experiments With High Hydrostatic Pressure Extrusion Device, Edward Moniz Jorge
Design, Construction, And Initial Experiments With High Hydrostatic Pressure Extrusion Device, Edward Moniz Jorge
Masters Theses
"The purpose of this study was to design and operate equipment with which the study of polymer extrusion would be possible at hydrostatic pressures up to 50,000 psi. By hydrostatic pressure is meant the pressure of the region of the extrudate. A study of the effects of back pressure on the extrusion of silicone gum was attempted--Abstract, Page ii.