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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Morphology Of The Pb-Sn Alloy Thin-Layer Electrodeposition, Yan-Jun Du, Zhi-Gang Yin, Tong-Chi Xia Aug 2007

Morphology Of The Pb-Sn Alloy Thin-Layer Electrodeposition, Yan-Jun Du, Zhi-Gang Yin, Tong-Chi Xia

Journal of Electrochemistry

The morphology of Pb-Sn alloy thin-layer electrodeposition was studied.Experimental results showed that the morphology of deposit could vary as the concentration of Pb2+, Sn2+ two kind metallic ion to be changed.The patterns of product appeared the dendritic, ramification, dense branch, fractal, and homogeneous structure and their morphological evolution was caused by the change in anisotropy of crystal growth and different stage of electrodeposits.

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Effect Of Tension On Corrosion Behavior Of Galvanized Steel Wire For Cable-Stayed Bridge, Xue-Ming Li, Jie-Min Zhou, Qiang Liu, Ling-Feng Kong, Jian-Ting Zhou Aug 2007

Effect Of Tension On Corrosion Behavior Of Galvanized Steel Wire For Cable-Stayed Bridge, Xue-Ming Li, Jie-Min Zhou, Qiang Liu, Ling-Feng Kong, Jian-Ting Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

Corrosion of steel wire in cables is a major cause of cable-stayed bridge deterioration. The corrosion behavior of galvanized steel wire at different tension is investigated by polarization voltammetry method and neutral salt spray test in 5% NaCl solution. The physical and chemical properties of corrosion products are characterized by XRD and TG-DTA.The result shows that the corrosion current or corrosion rate of galvanized steel wire is larger with increasing the tension, the white rust of galvanized steel wires at different tension appears within one cycle, the red rust appears after 16 cycles at 15~22kN tension, and 23 cycles at …

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Coagulation Effects On Aerosol Dynamics Along An Isothermal Vertical Flat Plate, Chang-Bin Huang, Cherng-Shing Lin, Shih-Cheng Wang Aug 2007

Coagulation Effects On Aerosol Dynamics Along An Isothermal Vertical Flat Plate, Chang-Bin Huang, Cherng-Shing Lin, Shih-Cheng Wang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Aerosol dynamic behavior in a turbulent flow field is investigated in this study. The flow field is a natural convection boundary layer flow adjacent to a heated or cooled vertical flat plate. The main computational method is based on a boundary layer type solution combining the flow field and sectional aerosol simulation. The SIMPLE alogrithm is adopted to solve the flow continuity, momentum, energy, and aerosol concentration equations. Various aerosol dynamic transport and removal mechanisms, including fluid convection, Brownian motion, gravitational settling, thermophoretic drift, and coagulation of aerosols, are considered in the simulation model. Aerosol coagulation effects on particle transport …

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Optimization Of Perforated Doublelayer Absorbers Using Simulated Annealing, Min-Chie Chiu, Ying-Chun Chang, Long-Jyi Yeh, Tian-Syung Lan Aug 2007

Optimization Of Perforated Doublelayer Absorbers Using Simulated Annealing, Min-Chie Chiu, Ying-Chun Chang, Long-Jyi Yeh, Tian-Syung Lan

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

As noise is highly responsible for the psychological and physiological ills to workers, the noise control for enclosed manufacturing system with sound absorber becomes obligatory; besides, considering the maintenance and operation in a room, the minimal thickness of sound absorber is certainly requested, according. To meet these issues, the compromising design target, ratio of sound absorption coefficient to thickness of acoustic panel, is thus proposed and applied as a researched objective, accordingly. In this paper, the simulated annealing (SA) is utilized in the shape optimization of the double-layer sound absorption system. The paper tackles not only the theoretical derivation in …

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Annealing Effects Of Semiconducting Barium-Titanate Thermister, Yeong-Chin Chen Aug 2007

Annealing Effects Of Semiconducting Barium-Titanate Thermister, Yeong-Chin Chen

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Two Positive Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity (PTCR) ceramics with composition A, (Ba0.997Sb0.003)Ti1.005O3, and composition B, (Ba0.997Sb0.003)Ti1.005O3 + 0.1 mole% MnO2 were fabricated and examined herein. The ceramic grain size, oxygen pressure and annealing time need to be simultaneously controlled to obtain an optimum PTCR resistor. Additionally, the stoichiometric proportions of the constituent elements must be weighted carefully in order to produce good quality PTCR devices. This study thoroughly explores all the factors affecting the PTCR characteristics. Experiments were developed to verify that PTCR phenomena are strongly influenced by oxygen absorption. As the samples were annealed in Air atmosphere, the numbers …

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Characteristic Study Of Mhd Pump With Channel In Rectangular Ducts, Je-Ee Ho Aug 2007

Characteristic Study Of Mhd Pump With Channel In Rectangular Ducts, Je-Ee Ho

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study is focused on the prediction of pumping performance in MHD flow. To reach it, an analytic model based on the steady state, incompressible and fully developed laminar flow theory will be provided to analyze the flow characteristic with different scalar dimensions in duct channel. By converting the Lorentz forces which is interacted by electric current and magnetic flux into hydrostatic pressure gradient in the moment equations, the governing equations can be transformed into Poisson equation which makes the analytic solution possible. Furthermore, the concept of flow circuit which is similar to the thermal network in conduction problem will …

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The Dynamics And Control Of An Moving Mass Traveling On An Initially Curved Beam, Chih-Ching Chang, Yi-Ming Wang Aug 2007

The Dynamics And Control Of An Moving Mass Traveling On An Initially Curved Beam, Chih-Ching Chang, Yi-Ming Wang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The objective of this paper is to study the dynamics and control of an Euler-Bernoulli beam with an attached mass rolling on an initially curved beam based on a simplified control model. The optimization of the performance index of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is considered. Three actuators are placed along the beam that provide the necessary forces to control the response of the beam-mass system. Based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and Newtonian mechanics, the coupled non-linear equations of motion combining with a simple closed-loop feedback control are obtained. Results of present study show that with appropriate regulator design, the vibration …

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An Analytic Analysis Of W-Cdma Smart Antennas Beamforming Using Complex Conjugate And Doa Methods, Chi-Min Li, Jia-Chyi Wu, I-Tseng Tang Aug 2007

An Analytic Analysis Of W-Cdma Smart Antennas Beamforming Using Complex Conjugate And Doa Methods, Chi-Min Li, Jia-Chyi Wu, I-Tseng Tang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) adopts the smart antenna techniques to increase the signal-to-interferencenoise ratio (SINR) and system capacity. In this paper, we statistically derive analytic results to prove the SINR performance for the two commonly used CC and DOA beamforming methods. Results show the both methods will have the same mean SINR performance and CC method will be more robust than the DOA method.

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Pole Placement Design Of Decentralized Output Feedback Power System Stabilizers Using Hybrid Differential Evolution, Yung-Sung Chuang, Chi-Jui Wu, Shu-Chen Wang, Pei-Hwa Huang Aug 2007

Pole Placement Design Of Decentralized Output Feedback Power System Stabilizers Using Hybrid Differential Evolution, Yung-Sung Chuang, Chi-Jui Wu, Shu-Chen Wang, Pei-Hwa Huang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The hybrid differential evolution (HDE) has been used to investigate a novel decentralized pole placement design method of output feedback power system stabilizers. Since the local output variables are used as the feedback signals, the stabilizers could be easily implemented. In the design procedures, it wants to place the electromechanical modes within a designated region in the complex variable plane. The HDE method is originally an optimal searching approach. If all electromechanical modes have been moved to the specified region at the convergent steps, the objective function will reach zero, which is the minimum value. The objective function is chosen …

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Effects Of Surface Roughness On Porous Inclined Slider Bearings Lubricated With Micropolar Fluids, N.B. Naduvinamani, T.V. Biradar Aug 2007

Effects Of Surface Roughness On Porous Inclined Slider Bearings Lubricated With Micropolar Fluids, N.B. Naduvinamani, T.V. Biradar

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper describes a theoretical analysis of the effect of surface roughness on the hydrodynamic lubrication of one-dimensional porous inclined slider bearings with micropolar fluids. To account for more realistic situations of the non-uniform rubbing of the bearing surfaces, it is assumed that, the probability density function for the random variable characterizing the surface roughness is asymmetrical with non-zero mean. The averaged modified Reynolds type equation is derived and the closed form expressions for the bearing characteristics are obtained. The numerical computations of the results show that, the performance of the porous inclined slider bearing is improved for the micorpolar …

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The Assessment Of River Ecology And Habitat Using A Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic And Habitat Model, Ray-Shyan Wu, Chen-Tai Mao Aug 2007

The Assessment Of River Ecology And Habitat Using A Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic And Habitat Model, Ray-Shyan Wu, Chen-Tai Mao

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The assessment of river ecology is an integral part of river planning and management today. In any project, the simulation and quantification of river habitat and ecology is as important as the simulation of the hydrodynamics of the river. Currently in Taiwan, the use of one-dimensional models, such as Phabsim and Rhabsim, are widespread in the evaluation of river ecology and habitat. These models use data from the river cross-section and bed roughness coefficient to estimate habitat area. However, the use of these models is limited in small-scale or complex river conditions. This study applies a two-dimensional hydrodynamic and habitat …

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49th Rocky Mountain Conference On Analytical Chemistry Jul 2007

49th Rocky Mountain Conference On Analytical Chemistry

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 49th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Analytical Chemistry, co-endorsed by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Breckenridge, Colorado, July 22-26, 2007.

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Processing And Properties Of Palm Oil-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam, S Chuayjuljit, T Sangpakdee, O Saravari Jul 2007

Processing And Properties Of Palm Oil-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam, S Chuayjuljit, T Sangpakdee, O Saravari

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Rigid polyurethane (PU) foam has been prepared from palm oil-derived polyol. The polyol was synthesized by transesterification reaction of palm oil and pentaerythritol using calcium oxide as a catalyst. The obtained palm oil-based polyol was reacted with commercial polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate in the presence of water (blowing agent), N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (catalyst) and polydimethylsiloxane (surfactant) to produce rigid PU foam. The effects of the amount of the catalyst and surfactant on foam properties (i.e. density, compressive strength and thermal behaviors) were studied. It was found that the density of the foams decreased whereas the compressive strength increased with the increasing amount of …

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Removal Of Adsorbed Moisture On Iron Powders By Rice Husk Ash, T Luangvaranunt, S Jearwun, K Kondoh Jul 2007

Removal Of Adsorbed Moisture On Iron Powders By Rice Husk Ash, T Luangvaranunt, S Jearwun, K Kondoh

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Rice husk ash was proposed to be used for removal of adsorbed moisture on iron powders to enhance their flow characteristic. It was produced by burning of rice husk at 700°C for 1 h, using a slowly increasing of heating rate (5°C/min). The burning condition was determined from thermal gravitation analysis of rice husk. The obtained rice husk ash contained 99.7% amorphous silica with large specific surface area of 295 m2 /g. Rice husk ash was effective in removal of adsorbed moisture on iron powders. Adsorption characteristic was found to be isothermal monolayer adsorption. The treated iron powders can be …

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Use Of Pp-G-Ma Prepared By Solution Process As Compatibilizerin Polypropylene/Polyamide 6 Blends, S Chongprakobkit, M Opaprakasit, S Chuayjuljit Jul 2007

Use Of Pp-G-Ma Prepared By Solution Process As Compatibilizerin Polypropylene/Polyamide 6 Blends, S Chongprakobkit, M Opaprakasit, S Chuayjuljit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In this work, polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) prepared by solution process was used as a compatibilizer for polypropylene (PP)/polyamide 6 (PA6) blends. PP with melt flow index (MFI) of 10 g/10 min was grafted with maleic anhydride (MA) using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator and toluene as a solvent. The effects of BPO and MA concentration on the grafting degree of MA onto PP were studied. The grafting degree was determined by a back-titration procedure whereas the formation of graft copolymers was confirmed by FT-IR technique. It was found that the maximum extent of grafting achieved was 0.87%. …

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Analysis Of The Influence Of The Loading Rate On The Mechanical Properties Of Microalloyed Steel, M Mihalikova Jul 2007

Analysis Of The Influence Of The Loading Rate On The Mechanical Properties Of Microalloyed Steel, M Mihalikova

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The aim of this paper is to analyse the influence of the loading rate in the range from 1 to 1000 mm/min, which corresponds to the tensile machine working range, on the strength properties and the formability characteristics obtained on standard and notched test bars made of steel strips. The combination of the loading rate and the test bar type made it possible to obtain the relationship of monitored variables in the strain rate interval from 10-4 to 10 s-1. In this interval, the strength properties of the tested strips thickness of 1, 1.5 and 1.8 mm increase exponentially, but …

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Effect Of Solution Annealing Temperature On Structure And Mechanical Properties Of En Aw 2024 Aluminium Alloy, M Fujda, R Mišičko, L Rusňáková, M Sojko Jul 2007

Effect Of Solution Annealing Temperature On Structure And Mechanical Properties Of En Aw 2024 Aluminium Alloy, M Fujda, R Mišičko, L Rusňáková, M Sojko

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The effect of solution annealing temperature on the change of microstructural and mechanical properties of EN AW 2024 aluminium alloy was investigated using a metallographic analysis, Vickers hardness measurement and tensile test. An intensive growth of solid solution grains was the result of the increase of solution annealing temperature by the finely dispersed particles dissolved during applied annealing process. The role of these finely dispersed particles was to inhibit the recrystallization process and grain growth of solid solution matrix through its pinning effect on the migrated solid solution grain boundaries. Observed changes of the microstructure involved the strength decline and …

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Surface Treatment Of Powder Material By Metal Coatings - Study Of Corrosion Properties, Z Fečková Jul 2007

Surface Treatment Of Powder Material By Metal Coatings - Study Of Corrosion Properties, Z Fečková

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Coatings by one-component Ni and two-component Ni-Co were electrodeposited onto Fe powder particles from a sulphate-based electrolyte. The coatings were deposited under galvanostatic conditions at 25o C. A fluidized bed arrangement was applied. The influence of cathodic current intensity and electrolysis time on the composition of metal coating was studied. The amount of deposited metals increased with the current intensity and with the electrolysis time. Scanning electron microscope and optical microscope were used to characterize the metal coatings. Voltammetric measurements have been conducted in order to characterize the electrochemical behaviour of Ni and Ni - Co coatings in two corrosion …

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Powder Injection Moulding Of Cemented Carbides: Feedstock Preparation And Injection Moulding, N Chuankrerkkul, P F. Messer, H A. Davies Jul 2007

Powder Injection Moulding Of Cemented Carbides: Feedstock Preparation And Injection Moulding, N Chuankrerkkul, P F. Messer, H A. Davies

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

A composite binder system, successfully developed earlier for powder injection moulding of stainless steels, CoCrMo and NiCrSiB alloys, has been adapted for tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) cemented carbides. The binder consists of a major fraction of polyethylene glycol (PEG), which can be removed rapidly by leaching with water, a minor fraction of a finely dispersed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), which retains rigidity of the components and sometimes with stearic acid (SA) to act as a lubricant. The adjustments made to powder characteristics, binder compositions and process parameters to achieve successful injection moulding are reported. Feedstocks containing a powder loading of the WC-Co …

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Fatigue Performance Enhancement Of Steels Using Mechanical Surface Treatments, P Juijerm, I Altenberger Jul 2007

Fatigue Performance Enhancement Of Steels Using Mechanical Surface Treatments, P Juijerm, I Altenberger

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Mechanical surface treatments (mainly deep rolling) were performed on various steels, such as austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 and normalized plain carbon steel SAE 1045. To evaluate the effectiveness of the mechanical surface treatments, mechanically surface treated specimens were cyclically deformed at room temperature using push-pull stress-controlled fatigue and compared to the non-surfacetreated condition as a reference state. Additionally, the concept, methods and effect of selected mechanical surface treatments will also be addressed in this paper. It was found that mechanical surface treatments can dramatically enhance the fatigue performance of metallic materials as compared to the non-surface-treated condition due to …

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Glassification Of Electric Arc Furnace Dust By Using Fly Ash Or Bagasse Ash, S Polsilapa, P Wangyao Jul 2007

Glassification Of Electric Arc Furnace Dust By Using Fly Ash Or Bagasse Ash, S Polsilapa, P Wangyao

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Electric arc furnace (EAF) dusts contain significant quantities of iron and zinc found almost entirely as iron oxide, zinc oxide and zinc ferrite. The dust has been classified as a hazardous waste due to the relative high lead, cadmium and hexavalent chromium contents. An option for treating EAF dust with an economic and uncomplicated process is by using ashes. Silica in ashes has the ability to incorporate a variety of elements in a nonleachable form in the dust. In this study, the EAF dust was mixed with fly ash or bagasse ash in several ratios. All mixed samples were heated …

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Microstructural Characterization Of Aluminum Powder Liquid Coating On In 738 Superalloy, P Visuttipitukul, N Limvanutpong, V Krongtong, P Wangyao Jul 2007

Microstructural Characterization Of Aluminum Powder Liquid Coating On In 738 Superalloy, P Visuttipitukul, N Limvanutpong, V Krongtong, P Wangyao

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The powder liquid coating method was proposed for aluminizing of nickel-based superalloy grade IN738 in this study. Slurries for the coating consisted of aluminum and alumina (Al2O3) powder with various weight ratios in the range from 3:7 to 10:0. The slurries were pasted onto the IN738 specimens, which were subsequently dried and heated under argon atmosphere. Macrostructures of coated samples were observed. Surface and cross-sectional microstructures were studied by OM and SEM. Qualitative analysis and composition mapping were analyzed by EDS. Phase identification of coated surface was done by GIXD, at the incident angle of 2 degrees. The results showed …

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Om Study Of Effect Of Hip And Heat Treatments On Microstructural Restoration In Cast Nickel-Based Superalloy, Gtd-111, P Wangyao, V Krongtong, W Homkrajai, N Panich, G Lothongkum Jul 2007

Om Study Of Effect Of Hip And Heat Treatments On Microstructural Restoration In Cast Nickel-Based Superalloy, Gtd-111, P Wangyao, V Krongtong, W Homkrajai, N Panich, G Lothongkum

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The present work aims at studying and searching for the effect of repairing conditions on microstructural restoration. It also seeks to investigate into the most suitable and practicable repairing condition, which could provide the desired microstructural characteristics by rejuvenation method of hot isostatic pressing (HIP), followed by 12 heat treatment conditions for long-term serviced gas turbine blades, cast nickel-based superalloy grade GTD-111 operated by Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT). During solution treatment, coarse carbides and over-exposed coarse gamma prime precipitates, which had formed previously during service, would dissolve into the matrix. Then specimens were processed through a series of …

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Virginia Junior Academy Of Science Awards, 2007 Jul 2007

Virginia Junior Academy Of Science Awards, 2007

Virginia Journal of Science

Virginia Junior Academy of Science Awards Presented During the 66th Annual Meeting at James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, May 23-25, 2007.

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Effect Of Powder Mixture Conditions On Mechanical Properties Of Sintered Al2o3-Ss 316l Composites Under Vacuum Atmosphere, R Tongsri, S Asavavisithchai, C Mateepithukdharm, T Piyarattanatrai, P Wangyao Jul 2007

Effect Of Powder Mixture Conditions On Mechanical Properties Of Sintered Al2o3-Ss 316l Composites Under Vacuum Atmosphere, R Tongsri, S Asavavisithchai, C Mateepithukdharm, T Piyarattanatrai, P Wangyao

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Al2O3-SS 316L composites belong to new generation materials which should be characterized by a specified combination of properties. This study is concerned with the effect of the preparation method of the starting mixed powders upon the properties of Al2O3-SS 316L composites sintered under vacuum atmosphere. The composites were produced using powder mixtures with various weight shares between Al2O3 and SS 316L as well as varying size of Al2O3 particles. The mixtures were prepared by a conventional mechanical mixing. It was found that the addition of Al2O3 particles resulted in a slight decrease in the sintering density, the ultimate tensile strength …

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Bs News Jul 2007

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Corrosion Stress Relaxation In Pure Magnesium And Die-Cast Mg Alloys, Y B. Unigovski, L Riber, E M. Gutman Jul 2007

Corrosion Stress Relaxation In Pure Magnesium And Die-Cast Mg Alloys, Y B. Unigovski, L Riber, E M. Gutman

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The effect of corrosive solutions on stress relaxation behavior of pure Mg and its alloys is studied. Pure magnesium shows a crucial corrosion stress relaxation in 3.5wt.% NaCl even at room temperature in comparison with tests in air. Die-cast Mg alloys AZ91D, AM50 and AS21 at room temperature show a relatively small stress decrease both in air and in different corrosive media. At elevated temperature, all studied die-cast Mg alloys show a strong stress relaxation in a 3.5 % NaCl corrosive solution. In a corrosive environment, the highest sensitivity to stress relaxation was observed both in the alloy with the …

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Pvd Coatings Applied On The Tool Steels, M Hagarová, D Jakubéczyová, M Vojtko Jul 2007

Pvd Coatings Applied On The Tool Steels, M Hagarová, D Jakubéczyová, M Vojtko

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The paper deals with the properties of thin coatings deposited on the tool steels. The TiAlN coat was applied by PVD technology on the Vanadis steel produced by powder metallurgy. Development of a new technology of coat deposition is connected with adequate evaluation of coated parts. The quality of a thin coating - substrate system was determined by measuring properties.

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Building National Digital Infrastructure: A Case Study Of Semiconductor Complex Limited, Deepak Kappor Jul 2007

Building National Digital Infrastructure: A Case Study Of Semiconductor Complex Limited, Deepak Kappor

Business Review

The digital revolution and the rapid technology developments thereafter created a real danger of the modem world getting divided into a new type of 'digital-haves and digital-have not's'. It was feared that developing countries like India may not be able to reap the benefits of the 'information age' because of the ever widening gap in technology and relevant infrastructure. As a strategic step to bridge the growing digital divide between India and the technologically advanced economies, the Government of India (GO I) decided to set up Semiconductor Complex Limited (SCL) in the year 1983 to develop Indian capabilities in the …

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Analyzing Construction-Related Market Trends In Apec Countries Using Gis, Low Sui Pheng, Benny Raphael, Faisal Manzoor Arain Jul 2007

Analyzing Construction-Related Market Trends In Apec Countries Using Gis, Low Sui Pheng, Benny Raphael, Faisal Manzoor Arain

Business Review

GIS (Geographical Information System) is a means of representing data in digital form that has been used increasingly in various domains. GIS has the ability to capture,model, manipulate, retrieve, analyze and present geographically referenced data. In managing overseas building projects, research and analysis are especially crucial. It is necessary to collect enough information of the country that is related to the rule of law, government policies, and the performance of individual economic sectors, among other things. Although GIS has been shown to be a useful tool in various types of planning and management, it has not been used so far …

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