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Articles 361 - 390 of 4566

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

The Early Propagation And Burning Of Hydrogen In The Process Of The Deflagration To Detonation Transition, Rom Amasay Jan 2022

The Early Propagation And Burning Of Hydrogen In The Process Of The Deflagration To Detonation Transition, Rom Amasay

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The safe and efficient propagation of the Deflagration to Detonation Transition (DDT) is a topic that has been researched for many years due to its applications in Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. DDT is when fire caused by the burning of fuel is accelerated to the upper CJ point on the Rankine Hugoniot curve due to instabilities in the flame and the turbulence caused by these instabilities. The complex flame dynamics that go along with DDT have ensured that the process is yet to be fully understood and defined. This research will work towards observing the early stages of burning hydrogen-air …

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Atomization Of A Liquid Water Jet In Crossflow At Varying Hot Temperatures For High-Speed Engine And Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Applications, Luke Caetano Jan 2022

Atomization Of A Liquid Water Jet In Crossflow At Varying Hot Temperatures For High-Speed Engine And Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Applications, Luke Caetano

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This paper aims to study how varying crossflow burning temperatures from 1100 C to 1800 C affect the liquid droplet breakup, size distribution, and atomization of a liquid water jet injected into a vitiated crossflow. The LJIC injection mechanism was implemented using the high-pressure axially staged combustion facility at the University of Central Florida. The measurement devices used to gather particle data from the exhaust plume were the TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS), which measures particles between 0.523 µm and 20 µm, and the Sensirion SPS30 (SPS30), which measures particles between 0.3 µm and 10 µm. Both measurement devices were …

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Intrinsically Mode Reconfigurable Load Modulation Balanced Amplifier Leveraging Transistor's Analog-Digital Duality, Niteesh Bharadwaj Vangipurapu Jan 2022

Intrinsically Mode Reconfigurable Load Modulation Balanced Amplifier Leveraging Transistor's Analog-Digital Duality, Niteesh Bharadwaj Vangipurapu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The communication schemes have rapidly changed the face of the human means of communication. The evolution from one generation to another has triggered many challenges on the design methodologies of RF designers. As the evolution ensued, the spectrally efficient modulation schemes have resulted in the substantial rise of PAPR, the peak-to-average power ratio. To enable the efficient amplification of the high PAPR signals, this thesis explores the areas of Load modulated Balanced amplifiers that can be inherently reconfigured to achieve a better efficiency than the conventional RF power amplifiers that see a significant drop in the efficiency as the signal …

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Autoignition Delay Time Measurements And Chemical Kinetic Modeling Of Hydrogen/Ammonia/Natural Gas Mixtures, Jessica Baker Jan 2022

Autoignition Delay Time Measurements And Chemical Kinetic Modeling Of Hydrogen/Ammonia/Natural Gas Mixtures, Jessica Baker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

In recent years, hydrogen-carrying compounds have accrued interest as an alternative to traditional fossil fuels due to their function as zero-emission fuels. As such, there is interest in investigating hydrogen-carrying compounds to improve understanding of the fuels' characteristics for use in high pressure systems. In the current study, the oxidation of ammonia/natural gas/hydrogen mixtures was carried out to study CO formation profiles as well as the ignition delay times behind reflected shock waves in order to refine chemical kinetic models. Experiments were carried out in the University of Central Florida's shock tube facility by utilizing chemiluminescence to obtain OH* emission …

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Broadband Power Amplifier Design With High Power, High Efficiency And Large Back-Off Range, Yuchen Cao Jan 2022

Broadband Power Amplifier Design With High Power, High Efficiency And Large Back-Off Range, Yuchen Cao

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

As modern communication system technology develops, the demand for devices with smaller size, higher efficiency, and larger bandwidth has increased dramatically. To achieve this purpose, a novel architecture of load modulated balanced amplifier (LMBA) with a unique load-modulation characteristic different from any existing LMBAs and Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) was presented, which is named as Pseudo-Doherty LMBA (PD-LMBA). Based on a special combination of control amplifier (carrier) and balanced amplifier (peaking) together with proper phase and amplitude controls, an optimal load-modulation behavior can be achieved for PD-LMBA leading to maximized efficiency over extended power back-off range. More importantly, the efficiency …

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Analysis Of Shear Failure In Ultra-High Performance Concrete Beams, Kevin Conway Jan 2022

Analysis Of Shear Failure In Ultra-High Performance Concrete Beams, Kevin Conway

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an emerging cementitious material type currently undergoing research in different structural applications. This material is characterized by a compressive strength of 150 MPa (22 ksi), according to the Association Francaise de Genie Civil and the Federal Highway Administration, high tension strength, and high durability. Additionally, UHPC consists of secondary reinforcement in the form of steel or polymeric fibers, which enable UHPC to exhibit tension hardening behavior and tension ductility previously ignored in conventional concrete mixes. Previous research has focused on applications in the transportation and bridge design industries; however, applications in buildings and other heavy …

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Shock Tube And Gas Dynamic Design Considerations And Implementation For Extended Test Times, Jacklyn Higgs Jan 2022

Shock Tube And Gas Dynamic Design Considerations And Implementation For Extended Test Times, Jacklyn Higgs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

A new shock tube test section has been designed and manufactured for the purpose of increasing the test time and expanding the applications of the shock tube for a multitude of ongoing and future projects. One purpose for the test section extension is to allow for flow visualization of droplets impacted by a shock wave for the interaction of hypersonic vehicles and atmospheric disturbances. Another purpose is to measure behind the incident shock to capture the chemical kinetics for a high-altitude environment and low-pressure, high-temperature space applications. This new test section contains 24 round optical ports for laser spectroscopy for …

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Reporter Chondrocyte Optimization Of Bioinks For Zonal 3d Bioprinting Of Cartilage, Kari Martyniak Jan 2022

Reporter Chondrocyte Optimization Of Bioinks For Zonal 3d Bioprinting Of Cartilage, Kari Martyniak

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, often thought of as a disease of the elderly, but post traumatic OA predominantly impacts younger individuals. Articular cartilage is the tissue that coats the end of your bones in synovial joints. Since cartilage has limited healing capacity, defects, or injuries to it progressively erodes down to the subchondral bone. Unfortunately, current treatment options all have limitations, particularly for younger patients. Cartilage has a specific zonal architecture that is distinguished by the different cell morphologies and arrangements, biochemical composition, and mechanical properties. 3D bioprinting is a tissue engineering technique that involves …

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Prediction And Validation Of Residual Stresses In Additively Manufactured Metal Parts, Jose Mayi Rivas Jan 2022

Prediction And Validation Of Residual Stresses In Additively Manufactured Metal Parts, Jose Mayi Rivas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Selective Laser Melted (SLM) Additively Manufactured (AM) metal parts are of special interest to many industries because their designs can be made arbitrarily complex while still maintaining bulk type mechanical properties. However, the large thermal gradients inherent to the SLM process generate residual stresses (RS) and distortions that are detrimental to the fit, functionality and integrity of parts. Predicting the state of stresses in as-built 3D printed parts is a difficult problem that currently has only been approached with the use of transient thermomechanical Finite Element Models (FEMs). The nonlinearities associated with AM processes are difficult to capture in these …

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Fabrication Of Piezoelectric Field Effect Transistors For Acoustic Signal Detection, Luke Minks Jan 2022

Fabrication Of Piezoelectric Field Effect Transistors For Acoustic Signal Detection, Luke Minks

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

In this study, a standard bulk FET design is fabricated with a piezoelectric gate, allowing a microwave-frequency voltage signal to be transmitted from a transducer to the transistor via acoustic conduction through the substrate. Using a single polycrystalline aluminum nitride film as the piezoelectric material, microwave-frequency piezoelectric transducers were fabricated in parallel with piezoelectric FETs. These device pairs function by generating high frequency acoustic waves in the substrate via application of AC voltage to the transducers; the transistors then recover these signals by detecting these waves in their gates via the piezoelectric film, reproducing an attenuated version of the original …

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Investigating The Effect Of Cmas Infiltration On Residual Stress Of High Temperature Ceramic Coatings For Turbine Engines Using 3d Confocal Raman Spectroscopy, Zachary Stein Jan 2022

Investigating The Effect Of Cmas Infiltration On Residual Stress Of High Temperature Ceramic Coatings For Turbine Engines Using 3d Confocal Raman Spectroscopy, Zachary Stein

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicates (CMAS), such as sand or volcanic ash, are ingested by aircraft jet engines during operation. CMAS then becomes molten while traveling through the combustor of the engine before depositing onto turbine blades within the turbine section of the engine. The molten CMAS melt infiltrates and interacts with the high temperature ceramic coated turbine blades. This infiltration increases coating stiffness and promotes coating phase destabilization, encouraging micro-crack formation and increasing the risk of spallation. Thermomechanical effects from CMAS infiltration were mapped over time with confocal Raman spectroscopy. The residual stresses within infiltrated 7YSZ EB-PVD coatings were captured with microscale resolution. …

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Examining The Relationship Between Six Sigma Failures And The Utilization Of Cost Engineering Approaches, Dennis Tribby Jan 2022

Examining The Relationship Between Six Sigma Failures And The Utilization Of Cost Engineering Approaches, Dennis Tribby

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The purpose of the quantitative non-experimental research study is to analyze the relationship between the impact of using cost engineering approaches and the success rate of Six Sigma projects in the manufacturing industry. This study focuses on the relationship between Six Sigma project failures and whether skilled cost engineering professionals, methods or a cost management system was used to ensure that accurate cost data was utilized during the design project's lifecycle. Many companies using Six Sigma and related methodologies for product design have implemented with great success yet there are studies indicating that only 13% of firms reported achieving their …

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Testing The Influence Of Water Depth In Design Of Created Oyster Reef For Living Shoreline Applications, Peter Vien Jan 2022

Testing The Influence Of Water Depth In Design Of Created Oyster Reef For Living Shoreline Applications, Peter Vien

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Living shoreline stabilization has become a popular practice in shoreline restoration and bank protection; however, there are still many uncertainties regarding effective site design using living materials. For example, natural wave-breaks may be formed of created reefs, but the optimum water depth for hydrodynamic influence may differ from the preferred depth to ensure organism recruitment. The objective of this research is to understand how water depth relative to the crest of submerged artificial oyster reef structures influences nearshore hydrodynamic processes and sediment transport or retention in nearshore areas. A field study, sited in a microtidal estuary on the Atlantic coast …

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A Deep Learning Approach For Spatiotemporal-Data-Driven Traffic State Estimation, Amr Hatem Ragaa Abdelraouf Jan 2022

A Deep Learning Approach For Spatiotemporal-Data-Driven Traffic State Estimation, Amr Hatem Ragaa Abdelraouf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The past decade witnessed rapid developments in traffic data sensing technologies in the form of roadside detector hardware, vehicle on-board units, and pedestrian wearable devices. The growing magnitude and complexity of the available traffic data has fueled the demand for data-driven models that can handle large scale inputs. In the recent past, deep-learning-powered algorithms have become the state-of-the-art for various data-driven applications. In this research, three applications of deep learning algorithms for traffic state estimation were investigated. Firstly, network-wide traffic parameters estimation was explored. An attention-based multi-encoder-decoder (Att-MED) neural network architecture was proposed and trained to predict freeway traffic speed …

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Studying The Electrostatic Effects On The Dynamics Of Charged Lunar Dust Via Discrete Element Method, Hao Wang Jan 2022

Studying The Electrostatic Effects On The Dynamics Of Charged Lunar Dust Via Discrete Element Method, Hao Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Dust problems raise significant concerns in planetary surface exploration. The unusual behavior of the dust particles that surround the vehicle after engine cutoff has the potential to have more of an influence on surface systems than the high velocity lunar rocket plume ejecta in the landing process. A prevailing hypothesis attributes the levitation and transport of dust particles on the surface of airless bodies to the electrostatic effects and electric field. However, there is no accurate model considering the inter-particle electrostatic interactions, especially when the particles are charged by plume. This dissertation aims to understand the behavior of charged lunar …

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Application Of Biologically Activate Carbon For Treatment Of Sulfide-Laden Groundwater, Jessica Cormier Jan 2022

Application Of Biologically Activate Carbon For Treatment Of Sulfide-Laden Groundwater, Jessica Cormier

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Small-system water purveyors must overcome many challenges to provide an adequate and safe water supply to its consuming public. This dissertation reports on research related to the application of biologically activated carbon (BAC) media filters for the treatment of well water to remove disinfection by-product (DBP) precursor matter, measured as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), at two treatment plants serving a small community water system. Four research questions were investigated individually in discrete, yet interconnected studies at two water treatment facilities processing groundwater that contained hydrogen-sulfide (~1.2 mg/L) and dissolved organic carbon (~2.0 mg/L). The first study revealed that BAC filters …

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Integrated Electro-Optic, Microwave, And Nonlinear Photonic Devices On Thin-Film Lithium Niobate, Milad Gholipour Vazimali Jan 2022

Integrated Electro-Optic, Microwave, And Nonlinear Photonic Devices On Thin-Film Lithium Niobate, Milad Gholipour Vazimali

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Lithium niobate has numerous extraordinary features that make it useful for a wide range of applications, particularly in optics. The material's strong electro-optic effect and second-order nonlinearities are two prime examples with applications in optical modulation and wavelength conversion, respectively. The thin-film lithium niobate platform has revitalized the conventional applications of lithium niobate during the last decade. The platform is now one of the most actively investigated subdisciplines in integrated photonics. The waveguides on this innovative platform are high index contrast, resulting in a size reduction of more than 20 times and a bending radius decrease of about two orders …

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Biomimetic Design, Modeling, And Adaptive Control Of Robotic Gripper For Optimal Grasping, Mushtaq Al-Mohammed Jan 2022

Biomimetic Design, Modeling, And Adaptive Control Of Robotic Gripper For Optimal Grasping, Mushtaq Al-Mohammed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Grasping is an essential skill for almost every assistive robot. Variations in shape and/or weight of different objects involved in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) lead to complications, especially, when the robot is trying to grip novel objects for which it has no prior information –too much force will deform or crush the object while too little force will lead to slipping and possibly dropped objects. Thus, successful grasping requires the gripper to immobilize an object with the minimal force. In Chapter 2, we present the design, analysis, and experimental implementation of an adaptive control to facilitate 1-click grasping of …

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Automated Vehicle To Vehicle Conflict Analysis At Signalized Intersections By Camera And Lidar Sensor Fusion, Alabi Mehzabin Anisha Jan 2022

Automated Vehicle To Vehicle Conflict Analysis At Signalized Intersections By Camera And Lidar Sensor Fusion, Alabi Mehzabin Anisha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

This research presents an approach for safety diagnosis using sensor fusion techniques. This work fuses the outputs of a roadside low-resolution camera and a solid-state LiDAR. For vehicle classification and detection in videos, the YOLO v5 object detection model was utilized. The raw 3D point clouds generated by the LiDAR are processed by two manual steps - ground plane transformation and background segmentation, and two real-time steps - foreground clustering, and bounding box fitting. Taking the generated 2D bounding boxes of both camera and LiDAR, we associate the common bounding box pairs by thresholding on the Euclidean distance threshold of …

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Development Of A Multivariate Poisson Hidden Markov Model For Application In Educational Data Mining, Shahab Boumi Jan 2022

Development Of A Multivariate Poisson Hidden Markov Model For Application In Educational Data Mining, Shahab Boumi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Managers and policymakers in higher education institutions try to improve graduation rates and decrease halt rates. To achieve this goal, it is important to understand academic and demographic factors that correlate with academic performance. Many studies in the field of education analytics have identified student grade point averages (GPA) as an important indicator and predictor of final academic outcomes (graduating or halting their studies). While semester-to-semester fluctuations in GPA are considered normal, significant changes in academic performance may warrant more thorough investigation and consideration, particularly with regard to final academic outcomes. However, it is challenging to represent complex academic trajectories …

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Designing Physical And Chemical Confinement In Lithium Sulfur Battery Cathode For Suppression Of Shuttle Effect, Saisaban Fahad Jan 2022

Designing Physical And Chemical Confinement In Lithium Sulfur Battery Cathode For Suppression Of Shuttle Effect, Saisaban Fahad

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Lithium sulfur batteries (LSBs) are attracting attention as a next generation energy storage device because of their high energy density (2670WhKg-1), high specific capacity (1675 mAhg-1), low cost and environmental friendliness. However, there are several challenges that need to be overcome before LSBs can be implemented in general applications. This is due to the low electric conductivities of sulfur and lithium sulfide and large volume changes during charge/discharge cycling. Also, most importantly, the dissolution of lithium polysulfides into the electrolyte during cycling leads to capacity decay and low coulombic efficiency. Additionally, these lithium polysulfides can diffuse to the lithium anode …

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Humans In Algorithms, Algorithms In Humans: Understanding Cooperation And Creating Social Ai With Causal Generative Models, Lux Miranda Jan 2022

Humans In Algorithms, Algorithms In Humans: Understanding Cooperation And Creating Social Ai With Causal Generative Models, Lux Miranda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Cooperation is the hallmark human trait which has allowed us to congregate into the vast, continent-sprawling societies we live in today. Yet, the precise social, environmental, and cognitive mechanisms which enable this cooperation are not fully understood. Toward this, lucrative insights have been borne through the use of formal computational models of socio-cognitive phenomena: In simulating our own cooperative behavior, we can better deduce the exact factors which cause it. The combined knowledge of these factors and ability to computationally simulate them allows us to further two goals: First, it empowers us with the knowledge of how to modify our …

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Multi-Element Mobile Optical Wireless Communication Networks, Pooya Nabavi Jan 2022

Multi-Element Mobile Optical Wireless Communication Networks, Pooya Nabavi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The capacity of traditional wireless radio-frequency (RF) networks such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) is insufficient to meet ever-increasing demand for bandwidth stemming from growth in smart, connected devices. The omni-directional nature of RF signals does not allow easy solutions that involve adding more access points to support more devices and capacity because they start to interfere with each other. Optical wireless communications (OWC) have already extended the superb bandwidth capacity of wired optical datalinks to sites that cannot be connected by traditional optical fibers, such as satellites and disaster recovery areas. Development of OWC technologies for dense, multi-user environments promises …

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Energy And Area Efficient Machine Learning Architectures Using Spin-Based Neurons, Hossein Pourmeidani Jan 2022

Energy And Area Efficient Machine Learning Architectures Using Spin-Based Neurons, Hossein Pourmeidani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Recently, spintronic devices with low energy barrier nanomagnets such as spin orbit torque-Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (SOT-MTJs) and embedded magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) devices are being leveraged as a natural building block to provide probabilistic sigmoidal activation functions for RBMs. In this dissertation research, we use the Probabilistic Inference Network Simulator (PIN-Sim) to realize a circuit-level implementation of deep belief networks (DBNs) using memristive crossbars as weighted connections and embedded MRAM-based neurons as activation functions. Herein, a probabilistic interpolation recoder (PIR) circuit is developed for DBNs with probabilistic spin logic (p-bit)-based neurons to interpolate the probabilistic output of the neurons …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of P-Type Transparent Conducting Copper Gallium Oxide Thin Films, Ashwin Kumar Saikumar Jan 2022

Synthesis And Characterization Of P-Type Transparent Conducting Copper Gallium Oxide Thin Films, Ashwin Kumar Saikumar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Transparent conducting oxides (TCO) are a special class of materials that possess both the properties of optical transparency and electrical conductivity. They find use in various applications such as flat panel displays, light-emitting diodes, solar cells, touch screens, smart windows, etc. Some of the most well-known and widely used TCOs are ZnO doped with Al, In2O3 doped with Sn, and SnO2 doped with F. All these TCOs are n-type in nature and show n-type conductivity. On the contrary, p-type TCOs are not very common, and due to their inherent low mobility, it is very challenging to synthesize highly conductive p-type …

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Generative Adversarial Networks For Extrapolation Of Corrosion In Automobile Images, Andre Von Zuben Jan 2022

Generative Adversarial Networks For Extrapolation Of Corrosion In Automobile Images, Andre Von Zuben

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Deep learning has shown success in several applications involving pattern recognition, expert systems, and scientific discovery. However, existing methods struggle with industrial applications, which are often challenged by non-ideal datasets. In many cases, the datasets are small, poorly labeled, noisy, or have unbalanced class distribution or any combination of such problems. In this Master's research, we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) strategy that is able to circumvent limitations imposed by tiny datasets. As a case study, we use the extrapolation of corrosion in automobiles and feed our deep learning framework with only a few dozen images instead of the …

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Simulation Of A Comprehensive Heat Recovery Steam Generator, Jose Chalarca Castro Jan 2022

Simulation Of A Comprehensive Heat Recovery Steam Generator, Jose Chalarca Castro

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

With the increasing prevalence of renewables, it is important to optimize combined cycle power plants during transient conditions to better compliment the variable generation of renewable energy generators. There is a demand for dynamic heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) models that may enable improved control designs. Sufficiently accurate real-time simulations of HRSGs may serve as soft sensors and state estimators during transient conditions. Furthermore, real-time simulations of HRSGs can be used for operator training which does not incur the inherit risk of using plant hardware. The focus of this research is on the development towards an integrated dynamic closed loop …

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Assessing Public Perception And Proposing An Organized Questionnaire For The Deployment And Adoption Of Autonomous Vehicles, Md Rakibul Islam Jan 2022

Assessing Public Perception And Proposing An Organized Questionnaire For The Deployment And Adoption Of Autonomous Vehicles, Md Rakibul Islam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Since the general public will play a central role in the evolution of AVs, research has been performed to assess their perception and acceptance of AVs. Nevertheless, the most potential users of AVs, i.e., young, students, and more educated people, have not received any particular focus in those studies. This research gap has motivated us to assess their perceptions. Extensive data analyses of the survey at the University of Central Florida with a sample of 315 reveal that on average 57% of the respondents were familiar with AVs, and about 44% of the respondents felt positive perceptions toward AVs. Around …

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The Fluid Dynamics Of A Spanwise-Morphing Wing: An Experimental And Analytical Study, Kamlesh Joshi Jan 2022

The Fluid Dynamics Of A Spanwise-Morphing Wing: An Experimental And Analytical Study, Kamlesh Joshi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The unsteady forces and fluid flow structure of a morphing wing are investigated for low Reynolds number (Re) flows, i.e., Re < 20,000. The morphing wing is designed to change shape in the spanwise direction in a controlled manner using internal actuation. The two types of wing morphing are studied in this work, i.e., spanwise bending and spanwise twisting. The wing morphing is named based on the overall shape of the wing after it is dynamically morphed.

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Exploration Of Shock-Droplet Ignition And Combustion, John Patten Jan 2022

Exploration Of Shock-Droplet Ignition And Combustion, John Patten

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Liquid fuels are desirable in aerospace applications due to their higher energy density when compared to gaseous fuels. With the advent of detonation-based engines, it is necessary to characterize and analyze how liquid fuel interacts with detonation waves as well as shocks to ignite. While liquid fuel sprays have been proven to successfully aid and sustain detonations, the physical mechanism by which the individual liquid droplets accomplish this is yet to be understood. Such knowledge allows for more predictable detonation properties, which in turn can let detonation-based engines be sustained more easily. This research seeks to quantify and characterize interactions …

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