Engineering Commons^™

Finite Element Analysis Of The Behavior Of Foundations Over Cavities In Soluble Rocks, Borhan Huang

Theses

Soluble rocks contain sinkhole that affect the strength of the rocks. In designing foundations in and on these formation, the effects of cavities have to be taken into account. In this study, an axisymmetric formulation has been developed to study the behavior of circular footings over spherical cavities. Parametric studies have been conducted varying the sizes and locations of openings. An approximate procedure has been employed to generate the stiffness matrix of the system. Error analysis and convergence study of the results have been performed.

Effects Of Two Chelating Drugs On Trace Element Metabolism In The Rat, Thomas J. Solecki

Theses

Numerous drugs have structures which suggest that they and/or their metabolites are likely to be chelating agents and therefore might affect trace element metabolism. For some drugs, their therapeutic activity or side effects may be due to this chelating potential. Ethambutol, used in the treatment of tuberculosis, is an example. There is also evidence that other drugs, such as alpha-methyldopa, may possess this potential; although its primary therapeutic action occurs via mechanisms other than chelation. The objective of this thesis was to determine the effects of ethambutol and alpha-methyldopa on tissue metal concentrations and balance of four essential trace metals: …

The Manhattan Project Legacy : Low Level Radioactive Waste Health Effects, An Epidemiological Study, Lisa Fetterman Voyce

Theses

An epidemiological survey was performed that included the area surrounding a former Department of Energy thorium processing and disposal facility. This facility processed monazite sands to obtain thorium under Federal Government contracts from 1941-1973.

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection radiological surveys had shown elevated radiation levels at the Site and in the vicinity of the plant. The area was divided into sections according to distance from the site and from Sheffield Brook, which is also contaminated. Questionnaires were mailed to 400 families, with 112 responses. These represent 362 people.

Statistical analysis of the accumulated data regarding lifestyle, occupation, reproductive …

Behavior Of Thin-Walled Channel Shaped Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Combined Biaxial Bending And Compression, Subash Yalamarthy

Theses

Next to rectangular, circular and L shapes, Channel section may be the most frequently encountered reinforced concrete columns since they can be used as box wall for elevators. Nevertheless, information about the load deformation behavior is not generally available to structural engineers. Most of the investigations have been emphasized on the ultimate strength of column sections under combined biaxial bending and axial compression and the resulting interaction surface. No attention is paid to load deformation behavior.

Current code provisions do not provide adequate guidelines for assessing the strength and ductility of biaxially-loaded reinforced concrete columns. Therefore, this investigation is aimed …

Behavior Of L-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Combined Biaxial Bending And Compression, Amar Shah

Theses

Combined biaxial and axial compression for L-shaped reinforced concrete short columns is a common design Problem. Current code, provisions and the available design aids do not offer an insight into the determination of strength and ductility of biaxially loaded reinforced concrete column. An experimental and analytical investigation of the moment-deformation behavior of biaxially loaded L-shaped short columns were undertaken. Four 1/2 scaled specimens were tested till failure. Moment-curvature and load-deflection curves were developed from the experimental and the analytical results. The analytical results were obtained using a computer program developed by Hsu (1). From the investigation it is deduced that …

Behavior Of Tee-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected To Biaxial Bending And Axial Compression, Antoun Romanos Nader

Theses

The investigation deals with the effect of eccentric loading on the moment-curvature relationship of reinforced concrete tee columns.

The test program consisted of two series of tee-shaped reinforced concrete columns, loaded biaxially at constant angle from the principle axes. Their end conditions were assumed to be pinned-ended.

Loads, at constant rate, were gradually applied until failure. At each loading stage, measurements were made for the strains and deflections at the mid span section.

The experimental and theoretical results of the load- deformation and moment-curvature were compared and found that the analytical approach proposed by Hsu is applicable to irregular sections …

The Effects Of Heavy Metals On The Chick Embryo Development, Yasmin Alibhai

Theses

The following is a research report on the effects of heavy metals on the avian embryo. A total of eight metals were used in the study. The metalE included were : cobalt, copper, indium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, arsenic and cadmium. A total of 800 eggs were used for the study. Salts of each of the metal were dissolved in physiological saline and injected into the air sacs of white Leghorn chick eggs. Dose levels varied with the metal to be tested. Control eggs were injected with an equivalent volume of saline (0.1 ml per egg). The eggs were injected on …

Microcomputer Applications In Construction Layout, P. Emeruwa Anyanwu

Theses

With recent trends in computer technology, its application to the construction industry is attracting more attention. The cost of owning computer was a primary reason for small and medium sized firms not adopting its use. With the advent of micro and minicomputers, the cost have dropped dramatically. Now one can purchase an Apple Computer (the monitor, keyboard, disk drive, and printer) at less than $3,000. This makes it possible for students like me (the poverty class) to afford to own one.

This thesis explores the powerful potentials of the microcomputer and its use as an aid in construction layout. Surveying …

Volatile Organic Pollutant Levels In Indoor Environments From The Use Of Kerosene Heaters, Kashinath Banerjee

Theses

The indoor air pollutant levels caused by use of kerosene stoves as sources of heat in residences is of increasing concern as the use of such heaters becomes more widespread. Emission of volatile organic. species (aliphatic hydrocarbons from hexane to dodecane, cyclohexane and aromatic species including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, m/p xylenes, o-xylene and styrene) from these devices were measured at different sites. The organic vapor samples have been collected by adsorption on Tenax GC, and quantitatively analyzed by thermal desorption into a high Resolution capillary column gas chromatograph. Mass spectral analysis was also conducted for qualitative identification of sample …

Analysis Of Selected Volatile Organic Substances Associated With Residential Kerosene Heater Use And The Health Implications, Catherine Coombs Bobenhausen

Theses

Volatile organic species (aliphatic hydrocarbons from hexane to dodecane, cyclohexane and aromatic species including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, m,p, and o—xylenes, nitrobenzene, styrene and naphthalene) associated with residential kerosene heater emissions were measured at two sites. One was a small room having a total volume of 23.66 cubic meters and an air change rate of 2.71 air changes per hour, and the other, a living/dining room area having a combined volume of 79.30 cubic meters and an estimated air change rate of .7 air changes per hour. The analytical procedure involved collection of a series of air samples in stainless …

Acrylamide Effects On Nerve Terminal Enzymes, Christopher S. E. Marlowe

Theses

Acrylamide causes a peripehral neuropathy. The biochemical mechanism by which it does so is the subject of intense investigation. One of the principal hypotheses for this mechanism centers on acrylamide's ability to inhibit glycolysis. This study examines the effects of in vivo exposure to acrylamide on the enzymes of the nerve terminal particle, the synaptosome.

A method for measuring glycolytic enzyme inhibition in the synaptosome was developed. Acrylamide (500 mg/kg) was administered to rats intraperitoneally. Synaptosomes were prepared by the method of Dodd et al, and lysed by sonication. GAPDH activity and NSE concentration were measured. GAPDH inhibition measured in …

Conference Schedule, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Preface And Contents - Vol. 3, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Preface And Contents - Vol. 1, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Preface And Contents - Vol. 2, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Welcoming Remarks, Shamsher Prakash, John T. Park, Joseph H. Senne

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Welcome Messages, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Past Proceedings: First International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, St. Louis (1984), Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Prediction Of Pore Water Pressure During Earthquakes In Southern Kyoto Area, F. Oka

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper is concerned with the liquefaction analysis for the hypothetical earthquake in southern Kyoto area in Japan. The method of liquefaction analysis can consider the local soil properties of sand and clay, using the constitutive equations of clay and sand, and the theory of mixture. From this study, it becomes evident that liquefaction will occur at the site near the river, and also liquefaction can be observed in the clay layers.

Verification And Evaluation Of The Result Of Liquefiable Soil Treated With Vibroflotation, Bao-He Gu, Zong-Han Hu, Wan-Yu Wang

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Result of liquefiable soil treated with vibroflotation is recommended in this paper through the treatment of soil of a large power plant. The site lies in macroseismic area, where the bearing capacity of soil in layer B was low and there existed liquefaction potential. Verifications before and after treatment depicted clearly that the result of vibroflotation was excellent. Not only the liquefaction trend of soil was eliminated but also the bearing capacity was enhanced. Various testing methods were introduced and evaluation of liquefaction potential of soft saturated soil before and after treatment were analyzed and discussed in this paper.

A Case History Of Bridge Performance During Earthquakes In Japan, T. Iwasaki

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the results of investigations on seismic damages to highway bridges due to the past major earthquakes occurred in Japan, with emphasis on gen. technical engineering aspects. More than three thousand highway bridges sustained seismic damages for these sixty years since 1923. Among them some thirty bridges completely fell down, including nine bridges failed due to the effects of fires. For some typical bridge damages, results of detailed analyses are also given in order to clarify the causes of the> damages. From the review of comprehensive studies on actual bridge damages, this paper makes several conclusions regarding seismic …

A Case History Of Chemical Attack Of A Clay Shale, G. H. Glos, D. Hinkle

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the results of an extensive investigation made to determine the cause of excessive settlements of two 800 MN steam turbine units located at the Four Corners Steam Electric Station near Farmington, New Mexico. The units are located on a clay-shale formation with numerous gypsum seams. The settlement was originally attributed to the solutioning of these gypsum seams. It was found that the construction of a large unlined cooling pond raised the ground water table in the vicinity of the power plant. In this saturated environment, a chemical attack of the existing clay shales began. It is believed …

Design And Construction Of A Railway Yard, Embankment And Foundations Under Difficult Groundwater Conditions, Hari D. Sharma, S. Sengupta, Glen Harron

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes four design and construction cases that were identified, investigated and solved at the site of a major industrial project located in Central Alberta, Canada. These consisted of cases where: (i) high artesian water pressures were encountered in a stratum that was planned to be excavated during cut and fill operations for a railway yard area, (ii) an embankment was to be built over an area that became waterlogged due to over excavation, (iii) a year round drainage system was to be provided below a railway embankment where an icing (pingo shaped) problem was encountered in winter, and …

In Situ Stabilization Of Two Industrial Sites By Dynamic Compaction, John F. O'Brien, Charles P. Gupton

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The authors directed selection and control of two large-scale dynamic compaction projects on largely cohesionless soils in Bangladesh and Spain. Both projects included intensive in-situ quality control testing. The findings of the control work is discussed. Based on this work and comparison with published data guidelines for estimating the effectiveness of dynamic compaction are presented.

India's First Venture Relating To Subsurface Drainage By Horizontal Drains, T. K. Natarajan, A. V. S. R. Murty, Deep Chandra

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Landslides in the Nilgiris district in 1978-79 1 caused heavy damages to property and human life. The field studies indicated that in certain spots, the build up of excess hydrostatic pressure, caused by direct and indirect ingress of water into the soil mantle, is the main cause for certain landslides in the region. The paper attempts to give the total case history relating to a pioneering venture of its kind towards the correction of landslides undertaken in India. The case history assumes special significance in as much as the horizontal drains successfully installed for the first time in this country, …

Movements Around Transit Tunnels In Mixed Ground, L. Edgers, D. E. Thompson, J. S. Mooney, L. W. Young Jr.

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the ground movements measured at a Test Section during construction of twin rapid transit tunnels in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Test Section was located in an area of rock, soft ground and mixed face tunneling, with the alignment of the twin tunnels approximately 100 feet below ground surface. Overburden soils consist primarily of a very dense, saturated glacial till containing cobbles and boulders, with a weakly metamorphosed, fractured shale bedrock below. Instrumentation at the Test Section was installed in three cross-sections: one with the tunnel headings entirely in rock, a second with the tunnel headings in soft ground, …

Pretreatment Of A Soft Soil By Surcharging - A Case History, D. Lakner, I. K. Lee, E. Armstrong, O. G. Ingles

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A normally consolidated silty clay deposit, varying in depth from 0 to 15 m, was pretreated by surcharging combined with P.V.C. vertical drains. Representative field values of the vertical coefficients of primary (0.0015 m²/kN) and secondary consolidation (0.01) were calculated from the settlements caused by a preliminary fill placed some six years prior to the detailed geotechnical studies. A conservative representative field value of the horizontal coefficient of primary consolidation was established to be 8 m²/year. Asaoka's method was used to predict future settlements due to both primary and secondary consolidation. The vertical drains were installed …

Stabilization Of The Outenberg Hill In Geraardsbergen, R. De Paepe, M. Wallays

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A road, winding across the "Oudenberg" hill at Geraardsbergen, Belgium, and built partly in embankment and in excavation, suffered from three landslides from 1937 to 1966. Bored piles were used to nail the surface layers to the stable substratum, subsurface drainage to limit the fluctuations of the water table and a 220 m long low viaduct founded directly on bored piles to re-establish the traffic. Since the end of the works no additional movement appeared.

Use Of Surcharges As Treatment Of Residual Soil Foundation - A Case History, L. G. F. S. Demello, M. Cepollina, F. J. P. Deoliveira

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Predetermined locations for storage of leaching materials needed total warranty against cracking as result of differential settlements. Two stockpiles had to be located on a platform, one placed in area of low height cuts of unsaturated residual soils, the other over fills placed without compaction criteria over saturated clayey soils of low consistency. It was decided to preload the platform in order to minimize future absolute and differential settlements, reducing them to allowable limits. The systematic interpretation of the instrumentation allowed the optimization of the treatment. The behaviour during unloading of the soils indicated heaves much smaller than the limits …

Preface And Contents - Vol. 4, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.