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Articles 35251 - 35280 of 39882

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Snapshots Of Conference, Multiple Participants May 1984

Snapshots Of Conference, Multiple Participants

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Adjustable Columns Control Settlement Of Structure, F. B. Newman, A. M. Digioia Jr. May 1984

Adjustable Columns Control Settlement Of Structure, F. B. Newman, A. M. Digioia Jr.

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A five-story precast concrete building was to be built on 10 to 130 feet of mixed cohesive and bouldery engineered fill. The initial estimates of total and differential settlement of shallow foundations for the structure were considered intolerable. After evaluating several options, it was concluded that providing a means of adjusting the building columns to "relevel" the structure as the foundations settled was the most cost-effective approach to the problem. The observed settlements were different than originally estimated, and some unanticipated settlement and adjustment problems did occur. However, the approach was successful and cost effective.

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Embankment On Vertical Drains - Pore Pressures During Construction, M. Jamiolkowski, R. Lancellotta May 1984

Embankment On Vertical Drains - Pore Pressures During Construction, M. Jamiolkowski, R. Lancellotta

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Excess pore pressures and consolidation settlements observed during the construction of a trial embankment placed on four different types of vertical drains are examined with the aim of evaluating: undrained pore pressure response, field coefficient of consolidation and drain performance.

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Evaluation Of A Differentially Settled Tank, S. M. Gazioglu, J. L. Withiam May 1984

Evaluation Of A Differentially Settled Tank, S. M. Gazioglu, J. L. Withiam

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper discusses studies undertaken to identify the cause(s) for differential settlements experienced by a large floating roof tank. The studies included an evaluation of existing subsurface and tank performance data, additional subsurface exploration and laboratory test programs, a monitoring program during the restricted use of the tank and recommended remedial measures to allow full use of the tank. It is concluded that the affected portion of the tank was sited over a thicker and more compressible soil layer than the remaining portions and that releveling by mudjacking would allow unrestricted future use of the tank.

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General Report For Theme One - Foundations For Structures And Failure Records, Robert C. Kirby, Guilaine Roussel May 1984

General Report For Theme One - Foundations For Structures And Failure Records, Robert C. Kirby, Guilaine Roussel

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Geotechnical Problems And Performance Studies - Chilla Power Scheme, Hardwar, D. N. Bhargava, Dwarka Nath, S. N. Kapoor, Sunde Singh May 1984

Geotechnical Problems And Performance Studies - Chilla Power Scheme, Hardwar, D. N. Bhargava, Dwarka Nath, S. N. Kapoor, Sunde Singh

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Thin plastic clay seams existing in the upper Shivalik formations caused hazardous geotechnical problems during the construction of 144 MW capacity Chilla Power House Scheme, Hardwar, India by initiating several land slides. In addition, serious seepage problems occurred with the commissioning of the scheme. The paper describes in detail, the events of slides & seepage problems faced and the remedial measures adopted to counteract them. The data observed on the instruments installed to keep a vigil on the performance of the structure has also been analysed and discussed.

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Non-Negative Skin Friction Piles In Layered Soil, S. L. Lee, G. P. Karunaratne, S. Sithichaikasem May 1984

Non-Negative Skin Friction Piles In Layered Soil, S. L. Lee, G. P. Karunaratne, S. Sithichaikasem

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A project in which a special type of steel pipe piles which reduce negative skin friction is described. The piles are driven in a layered soil which is subjected to subsidence due to pumping. The design concept in assessing the pile length, carrying capacity, settlement, construction control and load tests under these special conditions are discussed.

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Tower Foundations Bearing Above Weak Soils, T. J. Kaderabek, D. Barreiro, M. A. Call May 1984

Tower Foundations Bearing Above Weak Soils, T. J. Kaderabek, D. Barreiro, M. A. Call

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A 13-level reinforced concrete structure was constructed on Marco Island in southwest Florida. The tower is located 200 feet from the Gulf of Mexico and has plan area dimensions of 115 by 170 feet. The field testing revealed the site was mantled with a 17-foot thick layer of firm sand. The sand stratum was underlain by a compressible 9-foot thick layer of silty sand which had an average SPT N-value of less than 2. Various methods of engineering analyses estimated total tower settlements to range from 1 to 8 inches. Actual measured settlement following the application of dead load was …

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General Report For Theme Two - Case Histories In Retaining Structures And Failure Records, J. Ronald Salley May 1984

General Report For Theme Two - Case Histories In Retaining Structures And Failure Records, J. Ronald Salley

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Monitoring Of A Deep Basement In London, L. A. Wood, A. J. Perrin May 1984

Monitoring Of A Deep Basement In London, L. A. Wood, A. J. Perrin

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A deep basement in London Clay has been monitored throughout the entire duration of its excavation and construction, covering a period to date of over two and a half years. Measurements have provided a complete record of all aspects of the soil and structural behaviour. The high quality and regularity of the data, have enabled integration of diverse measurements which serve to identify important events in the history of the structure. The paper describes briefly the excavation and construction procedure, the measurements made. together with the installation methods employed. A selection of data covering a broad range of measurements is …

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Behavior Of Braced Cut In Connection With Construction Of Large Underground Station, S. Uchida, H. Ito, T. Kaino, H. Tarumi May 1984

Behavior Of Braced Cut In Connection With Construction Of Large Underground Station, S. Uchida, H. Ito, T. Kaino, H. Tarumi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Ueno underground station of the Shinkansen is a large scale underground station constructed in relatively stable diluvial layers. The construction was conducted with elaborated comparative designing, and with carefully controlled measurements referring estimated values, because data about design and construction of this kind of large underground station are rare. Primary estimations are qualitatively in good agreement with actual measured values, while quantitatively they do not agree well with the actual values. But the accuracy of the method of estimation will be increased in the future when more data about earth pressure of stable grounds are accumulated. Behavior of a diaphragm …

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Earth Pressure On Retaining Walls And Buried Pipe, M. Fukuoka, Y. Imamura May 1984

Earth Pressure On Retaining Walls And Buried Pipe, M. Fukuoka, Y. Imamura

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the results of earth pressure measurements buried pipes. Conventional earth pressure gauges fixed on the walls were type earth pressure gauges which covers the whole wall surface were used components of the resultant earth pressures were measured.

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Clay Shale Foundation Slide At Waco Dam, Texas, W. R. Stroman, R. R. W. Beene, A. M. Hull May 1984

Clay Shale Foundation Slide At Waco Dam, Texas, W. R. Stroman, R. R. W. Beene, A. M. Hull

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A major slide occurred during construction of the dam in 1961. It was caused by a combination of unusually high pore pressures in the clay shale foundation and a low residual shear strength. The dam was completed with wide berms to provide stability. Since completion there has been a very slow decrease in foundation pore pressure.

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Failure Of A Dredged Slope In A Sensitive Clay, D. P. Lagatta, S. L. Whiteside May 1984

Failure Of A Dredged Slope In A Sensitive Clay, D. P. Lagatta, S. L. Whiteside

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

During construction of a new wharf facility in Portland, Maine, an underwater slope failed during dredging and subsequent driving of piles through the slope. The construction and failure of the slope are described. The major factors which contributed to the failure were: 1) high sensitivity of the silty clay, 2) placement of riprap on the crest of the slope to 4 to 6 ft above the design elevation, 3) method of dredging which caused high shear stresses and probable disturbed zones near the toe of the slope, 4) dredging slope steeper than design slope, 5) pile driving causing localized disturbed …

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Lessons From Embankment Dam Accidents. An Introduction, V. Perlea May 1984

Lessons From Embankment Dam Accidents. An Introduction, V. Perlea

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

More than 500 records of embankment dam failures and accidents all over the world, were collected and statistically processed from many points of view. The causes of troubles were classified using a comprehensive scheme. It was found that overtopping is the main cause of failures and of causalities also. Most of troubles affected small earth darns. More than 50% failures and accidents occurred during construction or in the first two years of operation. The study is completed with an Appendix containing data on all considered events, this giving the possibility to check up, to correct the possible errors and to …

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Long Term Failure In Compacted Clay Slopes, A. E. Templeton, G. L. Sills, L. A. Cooley May 1984

Long Term Failure In Compacted Clay Slopes, A. E. Templeton, G. L. Sills, L. A. Cooley

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The results of field, laboratory, and analytical investigations of recurring slope failures along the Mississippi River Levee are presented. Observations from slide trenching operations are described. Laboratory measured shear strengths are compared to effective strengths at failure "back-calculated" for two slides. Factors influencing the long term behavior of the levee materials and the mechanism of failure are discussed.

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Sealing Leakage Of Earth Dam By Concrete Diaphragm, Shen Chonggang, Jiang Guocheng May 1984

Sealing Leakage Of Earth Dam By Concrete Diaphragm, Shen Chonggang, Jiang Guocheng

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Some seriously cracked and leaked earth dams in China have been successfully strengthened by the cast-in-situ concrete diaphragm at or near the dam axis through the dam embankment. The diaphragm is enabled to seal the leakage through concentrated seepage path in the earthfill resulted from the large voids or the cracks in cohesive earthfill as well as the leakage through the alluvium in dam foundation. The effectiveness of this strengthening method depends on the correct determination of the major seepage channels. Serious longitudinal cracks have occurred in some dams during excavating the slurry trenches and pouring concrete into them owing …

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Stability Of Slopes - A Case History, G. Ramasamy, Gopal Ranjan, Bhawani Singh, A. C. Khazanchi, U. N. Sinha May 1984

Stability Of Slopes - A Case History, G. Ramasamy, Gopal Ranjan, Bhawani Singh, A. C. Khazanchi, U. N. Sinha

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A Lecture cum-cinema hall was constructed on a terrace developed at the top of a hillock at a site located in the north-eastern part of India. At the time of development of the site, excavated soil was dumped on the slopes and retaining walls were constructed to retain the earth. After the first monsoon, the retaining walls gave way. Further distress in the vicinity of the building was noticed in the subsequent three years. The paper describes the details of the above failure, the investigations carried out and the remedial measures suggested.

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The Failure Of A Soil Blanket Lining Caused By The Action Of Bacteria, G. W. Plant, P. B.B. Voslo May 1984

The Failure Of A Soil Blanket Lining Caused By The Action Of Bacteria, G. W. Plant, P. B.B. Voslo

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A raw water storage reservoir was constructed with earth embankments and a soil blanket floor lining. Treated sewage effluent was used as construction water. Bacteria in the soil were capable of converting the organic nitrogen and ammonia present in the effluent to nitrite and then to nitrate under aerobic conditions. This nitrate was reduced to nitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions. The generation of gas had a "leavening" effect on the soil structure of the floor lining leading to a high water permeability, thus making the soil lining ineffective.

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First International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, Multiple Authors May 1984

First International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Performance Of Diaphragm Walls In Deep Foundation Excavations, Z. C. Moh, T. F. Song May 1984

Performance Of Diaphragm Walls In Deep Foundation Excavations, Z. C. Moh, T. F. Song

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two case studies of using diaphragm wall as earth retaining structure for deep excavation are reported. Case A concerns excavation down to a depth of 14.7 min alternate layers of soft silty clay and silty sand. Diaphragm walls of 70 m thick and 22 m deep were installed into a dense silty sand stratum. In Case B, diaphragm walls of 60 m thick were constructed in very soft clayey soil without penetration into any firm stratum. In both cases, instrumentations including piezometers, inclinometers, earth pressure cells, reinforcing bar transducers, heave stakes, settlement points and strut strain gauges were installed and …

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Performance Of Preload On Cohesionless Soils, A. F. Youssef, O. Erol May 1984

Performance Of Preload On Cohesionless Soils, A. F. Youssef, O. Erol

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Common occurrence of loose normally consolidated fine sands and silts extending to considerable depths necessitates the utilization of ground improvement techniques along the coasts of Arabian Peninsula. In the case considered, the soil profile consisted of twenty meter thick compressible sands, and preloading technique was suggested to stabilize the foundation soil. The paper presents the performance of the preloading and the level of soil improvement achieved. The observed settlements and settlement-time behaviour are compared with the values estimated from various methods. The soil parameters back calculated from measured field behaviour are reported.

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Slurry Trench Wall Replaces Structure Underpinning, E. J. Zeigler, J. L. Wirth, J. T. Miller May 1984

Slurry Trench Wall Replaces Structure Underpinning, E. J. Zeigler, J. L. Wirth, J. T. Miller

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Construction of the Charles Center Station of the Baltimore Metro required a cut-and-cover excavation 66 feet (20 m) deep in a major street in the central business district of Baltimore, Maryland. Several high-rise buildings were so close to the excavation that it was necessary to remove portions of the spread footing foundations which extended into the proposed station excavation. The contract documents required that the spread footings adjacent to the excavation be underpinned using steel pipe piles jacked to end bearing on bedrock. When it was apparent that difficulties in installation would result in substantial delays in project completion, the …

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Soft Ground Tunnel Failures In Michigan, Jerome C. Neyer May 1984

Soft Ground Tunnel Failures In Michigan, Jerome C. Neyer

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Three failures of non-reinforced concrete tunnels in Michigan have been investigated. Descriptions of the failures have been presented, together with geotechnical data for the sites. A probable failure mechanism has been described, as well as design concepts which need to be considered on future projects. Finally, construction procedures to be specified as part of the design process have been evaluated.

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The Behavior Of House On Seasonally Frozen Ground, Xu You Zai, Wang Zheng Qiu May 1984

The Behavior Of House On Seasonally Frozen Ground, Xu You Zai, Wang Zheng Qiu

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents a case history of instrumented house with shallow foundation on the seasonally frozen ground. Variations of the soil frost penetration, the soil temperature, the cracks of the house, the displacements and the contact pressure on the base were systematically observed during freezing and thawing periods. It has been confirmed that the main reason why the cracks of the houses with shallow foundations occurred is that the development of the frozen depth is not uniform and the frost heaving and the redistribution of the contact pressures are unequal. This paper puts forward the principle of the effective depth …

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The Creation Of Additional Space For The Storage Of Dredged Materials - A Case History, Nicholas Chryssafopoulos May 1984

The Creation Of Additional Space For The Storage Of Dredged Materials - A Case History, Nicholas Chryssafopoulos

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Material dredged from the Delaware River is being stored on land in areas surrounded by man-made dikes. In the past, the height of these dikes had been increased in order to provide the needed additional storage space. However, existing land configuration and the high water table in the storage areas, together with the high water content and low strength of the stored dredged materials prohibit further increases of the dike height. A system of interconnected drainage trenches, excavated inside these areas and discharging into the river, was used to lower both the water table and the water content of the …

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Time Dependent Limit Stability Of Tunnel And Dam Engineering In Difficult Rocks, Tan Tjong Kie May 1984

Time Dependent Limit Stability Of Tunnel And Dam Engineering In Difficult Rocks, Tan Tjong Kie

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Some representative case histories of the damage of tunnels and galleries in weak fissured swelling rock formations with low competency ratios are described; a rheological analysis and suggestions for the design are presented. The basic ideas underlying the design and construction of the Ghe Zou Ba dam, founded on horizontal layers of sand-and mudstones interbedded by thin clay sheets are reported. In all such cases the time factor is important.

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Twenty-Year Performance Of Soil-Cement Dam Facings, T. J. Casias, A. K. Howard May 1984

Twenty-Year Performance Of Soil-Cement Dam Facings, T. J. Casias, A. K. Howard

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The soil-cement slope protection on three Bureau of Reclamation projects has been damaged enough to require repair. They were the first three Bureau embankments to utilize soil-cement in place of riprap and have been in service about 18 to 20 years. The soil-cement facings on other Bureau dams are in excellent condition. The lack of bond between the soil-cement lifts in combination with severe weather and wave action appear to be the main factors contributing to the damage. Laboratory tests and field test sections indicate that cement applied between the soil-cement lifts may be a practical solution to prevent damage …

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Unplanned Construction Of A 210 Ft High Temple, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash May 1984

Unplanned Construction Of A 210 Ft High Temple, Gopal Ranjan, Shamsher Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A 210′ high temple site was located on a hillock made up of filled up soil. Taking the advantage of site topography terraced construction consisting of the main temple in the centre and rooms on the three sides were planned. The construction progressed without any soil investigations. The paper highlights the problems faced at the stage when the construction had already progressed up to +50 ft. Soil investigations were carried out at this stage. Then, the performance of structures was predicted and possible modifications in the future construction are presented.

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Uranium Mill Trailings Geotechnical Investigations - A Case History, V. Singh, J.P. Berry, D.F. Kapral May 1984

Uranium Mill Trailings Geotechnical Investigations - A Case History, V. Singh, J.P. Berry, D.F. Kapral

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Uranium mill tailings at Union Carbide Corporation's mining and mill complex at Uravan, Colorado, are deposited in two tailings piles along a steep hillside. The tailings are deposited in slurry form, allowed to decant, and the decant liquid removed for recycling in the milling operation. The impoundment dikes are raised using the coarser portion of the tailings in an upstream method of construction. At the time of the study, the height of the tailings piles was in excess of 100 feet. Continued use of these piles necessitated a detailed geotechnical stability evaluation and design of stabilizing measures in order to …

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