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Articles 3121 - 3150 of 3153
Full-Text Articles in Business
Dividend Policy And Tax Structure, Kian Guan Lim
Dividend Policy And Tax Structure, Kian Guan Lim
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We show that a certain class of progressive tax structure induces an optimal dividend policy which is autogressive in nature. The theoritical model is consistent with empirically observed dividend policies.
A Direct Test Of Rock's Model Of The Pricing Of Unseasoned Issues, Francis Koh, Terry Walter
A Direct Test Of Rock's Model Of The Pricing Of Unseasoned Issues, Francis Koh, Terry Walter
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Unique data availability and institutional arrangements for new issues in Singapore allow a direct test of the empirical implications of Rock's model of pricing unseasoned new issues. Our empirical results are consistent with the model. Specifically we find that the unseasoned new issues' anomaly disappears when the rationing associated with new issues is incorporated into the analysis. The winner's curse is evident in allocation patterns used in Singapore.
Competitive Groups As Cognitive Communities: The Case Of The Scottish Knitwear Manufacturers, Joseph F. Porac, Howard Thomas, Charles Baden-Fuller
Competitive Groups As Cognitive Communities: The Case Of The Scottish Knitwear Manufacturers, Joseph F. Porac, Howard Thomas, Charles Baden-Fuller
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article explores how the mental models of organizational strategists determine perceptions of competing organizations and responses to competitive conditions. We first outline a cognitive perspective for discussing competitive strategy, and then use this framework to analyse the particular case of the Scottish knitwear industry. We show how the structure of that industry both determines and is determined by managerial perceptions of the environment. We conclude by drawing out a few general implications of our framework for research and theory on competitive strategy.
Flexibility: The Next Competitive Battle: The Manufacturing Futures Survey, Arnoud De Meyer, Jinichiro Nakane, Jeffrey M. Miller, Kasra Ferdows
Flexibility: The Next Competitive Battle: The Manufacturing Futures Survey, Arnoud De Meyer, Jinichiro Nakane, Jeffrey M. Miller, Kasra Ferdows
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Over the past 4 years research teams from INSEAD (Fontainebleau), Boston University and Waseda University (Tokyo) have administered a yearly survey on the manufacturing strategy of the large manufacturers of the three industrialized regions of the world. In this paper the results for the 1986 survey are compared. One of the most striking results of that year’s survey is the emphasis some of the more advanced manufacturers put on their efforts to overcome the trade-off between flexibility and cost efficiency. In particular for the Japanese respondents these attempts become clear. Europeans and North Americans are not yet seizing the opportunity …
High Tech And Labour In The Asian Nics, Eng Fong Pang, L. Y. C. Lim
High Tech And Labour In The Asian Nics, Eng Fong Pang, L. Y. C. Lim
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
An Economic Analysis Of Fertility, Market Participation And Marriage Behaviour In Recent Japan, David K. C. Lee, Chin Lee Gan
An Economic Analysis Of Fertility, Market Participation And Marriage Behaviour In Recent Japan, David K. C. Lee, Chin Lee Gan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This is the 1st attempt in modelling fertility, labor force participation and marriage rate using Japanese data. The authors use Butz and Ward's model and extend it to a simultaneous equation system as in the case of Winegarden. Although the estimates obtained by Full Information Maximum Likelihood and Three Stage Least Squares of the model are statistically significant, some of the signs of the estimates are not consistent to a priori predictions. The crux of the model is that an increase in the wages of men has an unambiguous positive effect on fertility, whereas an increase in wages of women …
Voting Behaviour In Singapore: A Preliminary Investigation From A Multi-Attribute Attitudinal Perspective, S. M. Leong, Chin Tiong Tan, K. C. Wong
Voting Behaviour In Singapore: A Preliminary Investigation From A Multi-Attribute Attitudinal Perspective, S. M. Leong, Chin Tiong Tan, K. C. Wong
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The multi-attribute attitude model is employed to study voter behaviour in Singapore. Specifically, a set of beliefs of the personal attributes of political candidates considered important to voters was examined. Results indicated that such beliefs did predict voters' affective evaluation and intention to vote for a typical political candidate reasonably well. Implications of the findings are discussed and suggestions for future research provided.
Diversity, Diversification And Profitability Among British Manufacturing Companies, 1972-1984, Robert M. Grant, Azar P. Jammine, Howard Thomas
Diversity, Diversification And Profitability Among British Manufacturing Companies, 1972-1984, Robert M. Grant, Azar P. Jammine, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study investigated the causal relationships between diversity, diversification, and profitability among 304 large British manufacturing companies that differed in both product and multinational diversity. Diversity and profitability were positively related up to a point; after that point, increases in product diversity were associated with declining profitability. The results were unclear with respect to the underlying causal relationships. Product diversification did not increase profitability, and there was limited evidence that profitability promoted diversification. For multinational diversification, however, we found that profitability in the home market encouraged overseas expansion that in turn increased profitability.
The Rate Of Return Under Re-Capitalization: A Note, Mohamed Ariff, Kian Guan Lim
The Rate Of Return Under Re-Capitalization: A Note, Mohamed Ariff, Kian Guan Lim
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The article discusses issues related to variations in rate of return of stocks under re-capitalization. Share returns are commonly adjusted for re-capitalization by distributing the difference between market and exercise prices over the number of shares. Re-capitalization is said to occur when the total amount of equity capital or number of shares in a firm changes. New issues usually take the form of bonus issues or new paid-up issues called rights issues, which do not change the amount of equity.
European Manufacturers: The Dangers Of Complacency, Kasra Ferdows, Arnoud De Meyer
European Manufacturers: The Dangers Of Complacency, Kasra Ferdows, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Recent trends in the activities of a sample of European manufacturers are analysed in this paper. The data have been collected through annual surveys in the last five years, and in particular, the results of the 1987 survey (222 responses received in the first trimester of 1987) have been analysed in more depth. The priorities set for the development of varions types of capabilities in manufacturing (related to quality, delivery, flexibility, cost, etc.), and the specific programmes under implementation for improvement of manufacturing performance which are receiving highest attention are described. Through correlation analyses, statisically significant associations between specific improvement …
German, French And British Manufacturing Strategies Compared: A Growth Towards Each Other, Arnoud De Meyer
German, French And British Manufacturing Strategies Compared: A Growth Towards Each Other, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Manufacturing has gained over the last years in attention as a tool to create competitive advantage. For four years now a survey has been carried out by a research team at Insead to build a database on the manufacturing strategies as they are defined and implemented by large European companies. In this paper some of the 1987 data are presented, and a comparison of manufacturing strategies of large companies in the three most important European countries is made. Though the most important conclusion is that there are only slight differences between the three countries, one can see some difference in …
Flexibility And Fms: An Empirical Analysis, Mihkel Tombak, Arnoud De Meyer
Flexibility And Fms: An Empirical Analysis, Mihkel Tombak, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
It is shown how the concerns of the managers of firms with flexible manufacturing system projects (FMS) differ from those of manufacturing firms without FMS projects. An economic model is developed from which two hypotheses are obtained. The first hypothesis is that firms were investing in FMS to deal with the variance in their inputs. The second proposition is that firms wished to use FMS to deal with the variance in their outputs. Through an analysis of manufacturing survey data it was found that firms planning to implement FMS were statistically more concerned about vendor quality and vendor lead times …
Attitudes And The Risk-Return Paradox: Prospect Theory Explanations, Avi Fiegenbaum, Howard Thomas
Attitudes And The Risk-Return Paradox: Prospect Theory Explanations, Avi Fiegenbaum, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study attempted to explain Bowman's risk-return paradox in terms of recent research in behavioral decision theory and prospect theory. The research emphasized the role of reference, or target, return levels in analyzing risky choices. For returns below target, a large majority of individuals appear to be risk seeking; for returns above target, a large majority appear to be risk averse. Using extensive COMPUSTAT-based data on U.S. firms, we consistently found a negative risk-return association for firms having returns below target levels and a positive association for firms with returns above target. These results support the basic propositions of prospect …
'Small Profits': Strukturmerkmale Und Entwicklungsprobleme Der Urbanen Individualwirtschaft In Der Vr China, Wolfgang Jamann, Thomas Menkhoff
'Small Profits': Strukturmerkmale Und Entwicklungsprobleme Der Urbanen Individualwirtschaft In Der Vr China, Wolfgang Jamann, Thomas Menkhoff
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article intends to analyse recent structural patterns, development problems and the reasons for rehabilitation of the urban private economy in the People’s Republic of China since 1978. The authors start from the thesis that the so-called “private sector” in China is not comparable with its “out”-differentiated counterpart in Western industrial countries, but is interlaced, in a complex way, with informal, partly illegitimate activities, interpersonal relation-networks (“guanxi”) or economic transactions of state/collective factories. The article illustrates the subordinate situation of the individual labourers in terms of their political regulation by (sometimes restrictive) licence procedures, taxes and fees; resource supply problems …
Managerial Focal Points In Manufacturing Strategy, Arnoud De Meyer
Managerial Focal Points In Manufacturing Strategy, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Through analysis of specific decisions in the management of manufacturing in 163 companies, we have identified the key dimensions along which mort of the differences among manufacturing strategies can be explained. Previous research—mostly based on clinical observations—has focused on describing the typical decision categories in manufacturing strategy. Our large sample has allowed us to move beyond that and focus on the differences among manufacturing strategies. Data were collected by mailed questionnaires as a part of a large research project ‘Manufacturing Futures’. The responses to a list of 35 specific current action programmes in manufacturing were reduced through a principal component …
Economic Relations Between Asean And Australia, Mohamed Ariff, Ross Garnaut, Hal Hill, Eng Fong Pang
Economic Relations Between Asean And Australia, Mohamed Ariff, Ross Garnaut, Hal Hill, Eng Fong Pang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Economic relations between the countries of ASEAN and Australia have developed rapidly in the past 25 years. All countries in the region share a powerful interest in the maintenance of a liberal international trading environment. There is also confineable scope for an expanded. mutually beneficial bilateral relationship if a range of barriers to commercial contact are removed. Public policy reforms, on a non-discriminatory basis are the key to such a relationship.
The Impact Of Cultural Patterns On Cognition And Intention In Singapore, Chin Tiong Tan, John U. Farley
The Impact Of Cultural Patterns On Cognition And Intention In Singapore, Chin Tiong Tan, John U. Farley
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Ethnicity of models used in advertisements and the advertised product's country of origin are manipulated experimentally to study how attitudes toward advertising and products lead to behavioral intention. A sample of Singaporean students' traditional Eastern values about family and conformity are also examined. Patterns of results for three products are consistent with theoretical predictions of cognitive processes, and attitude-intention links appear stronger than do those in similar tests in the West. Culture has mixed effect.
The Integration Of Information Systems In Manufacturing, Arnoud De Meyer
The Integration Of Information Systems In Manufacturing, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The large majority of modern production companies have at their disposal a multitude of computer systems. The immediate challenge for these companies consists of integrating these computer systems and databases. How will one arrive at this integration? On the basis of a questionnaire administered among a group of 174 large European manufacturers, one comes to the conclusion that this integration is one of the immediate priorities for this group of companies. They do not intend to implement turnkey systems, but instead will integrate the different databases and computer systems gradually. One can see emerging islands of integration, which will be …
Determinants Of Bilateral Trade Flows, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert T. Green
Determinants Of Bilateral Trade Flows, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert T. Green
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
What factors influence the level of trade flows that occur between nations? Past studies have answered this question primarily in terms of distance and economic size. The present study considers additional variables as potential determinants of trade relations between nations. Also, trade flows are analyzed by the type of products being exported and imported. The findings show that several additional variables are significant determinants of the level of bilateral trade relations between nations. In addition, it is found that models of trade flows are more appropriate for manufactured goods than they are for basic commodities.
European Manufacturing: A Comparative Study (1985), Arnoud De Meyer
European Manufacturing: A Comparative Study (1985), Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
One of the striking events of the eighties in the field of management is the increase in attention paid to the role of manufacturing and technology in the determination of a firm’s competitive position. Traditionally, corporate policy and strategic decisions were defined on the basis of a financial and marketing analysis of the company’s strengths, weaknesses and competitive environment. The contribution of the technology function and more in particular the production and operations function was often limited to implementation and a marginal adaptation of a course set by financial and marketing considerations. Some of the world’s excellent competitors have, however, …
The Flow Of Technological Innovation In An R&D Department, Arnoud De Meyer
The Flow Of Technological Innovation In An R&D Department, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The flow of technological information, in particular the type of sources and transfer channels for technological information has been a focus of research interest since the very first studies concerning management of research and development. However, the results of these empirical studies, although encouraging and useful to managers, leave several questions unanswered, and even worse, contain some contradictions. In this paper we will try to explain some of these contradictions using the technology characteristics as a contingency factor. The model, which we will present has been tested in a twofold way: questionnaires were used to provide insight into the importance …
Toward A Contingency Model Of Strategic Risk Taking, Inga Skromme Baird, Howard Thomas
Toward A Contingency Model Of Strategic Risk Taking, Inga Skromme Baird, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
A model of strategic risk taking incorporating environmental, industrial, organizational, decision maker, and problem variables is presented. The model is intended to be both a preliminary conceptualization of strategic risk taking and a stimulant for future research on risk taking in strategic management decisions. Relevant research from a number of disciplines is summarized, and the potential impacts of particular variables on the propensity to take strategic risks are examined.
A Technological Lifecycle Approach To The Organizational-Factors Determining Gatekeeper Activities, Arnoud De Meyer
A Technological Lifecycle Approach To The Organizational-Factors Determining Gatekeeper Activities, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The paper deals with the question whether gatekeepers arise spontaneously (non-hierarchical) or are created by administrative action (hierarchical). The author's approach to the problem relies on the use of a lifecycle model of an organisation devised by Utterback and Abernathy. They distinguish a product-innovation, a transitional and process- innovation (consolidation) phase in the development of an enterprise. The author's hypothesis is that gatekeepers can arise via either route depending on the phase in which enterprise is operating. In the earlier phases the author predicts that gatekeepers will either be absent or non-hierarchical (spontaneous) while in later phases they will be …
A Customer-Oriented Approach For Determining Market Structures, Rajendra K. Srivastava, Mark I. Alpert, Allan D. Shocker
A Customer-Oriented Approach For Determining Market Structures, Rajendra K. Srivastava, Mark I. Alpert, Allan D. Shocker
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
A framework for market analysis based on customer perceptions of substitutability-in-use is presented. An empirical application in the financial/banking services market is used to illustrate that when product preferences are dependent on the use/consumption context (especially relevant when products have multiple uses), situational variables can help predictive ability, and hierarchical clusters (requiring exclusive group membership) may be misleading. Additionally, it is shown that interactions among situation, product, and person factors may be more managerially meaningful than the main effects.
Decision And Risk Analysis In A New Product And Facilities Planning Problem, David B. Hertz, Howard Thomas
Decision And Risk Analysis In A New Product And Facilities Planning Problem, David B. Hertz, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article illustrates the linkage between risk analysis and strategy by discussing the application of decision and risk analysis to a new product and facilities planning problem. The authors trace the analysis from the initial results through the policy dialogue to the final strategy recommendation.
Mapping Strategic Management Research, Howard Thomas
Mapping Strategic Management Research, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
During the last two decades, in particular, there has developed a substantial body of literature in the fields of strategic management, strategic planning, corporate and business policy, and related topics. This literature owes much to the prior writings of Alfred Chandler [10] and the decades of case writing and research undertaken at Harvard Business School by many learned professors. Indeed, Harvard's tradition of leadership in this field dates from 1914 when it first introduced a course requirement for business policy into the business school program. The term strategic management is of relatively recent origin [49] and is currently the accepted …
Vertical Linkages And Multinational Enterprises In Developing Countries, Linda Y. C. Lim, Eng Fong Pang
Vertical Linkages And Multinational Enterprises In Developing Countries, Linda Y. C. Lim, Eng Fong Pang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Many studies have concluded that multinational firms do not create significant technical and other vertical linkages in developing host countries. This case study of three multinational firms in the export-oriented electronics industry in Singapore shows that under certain conditions multinational firms can lead in creating local vertical linkages. It suggests that restrictive government policies to increase local purchases may not be necessary, effective or desirable in promoting local linkages by export-oriented multinational firms that respond primarily to international market conditions. The Singapore experience poinst to the importance of a healthy investment climate and rapid economic growth in encouraging multinational firms …
The Economic Status Of Malay Muslims In Singapore, Eng Fong Pang
The Economic Status Of Malay Muslims In Singapore, Eng Fong Pang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In 1965 Singapore separated from Malaysia to become an independent secular state in a region of Islamic nations. It had then an estimated per capita income of S$ 1,600' and a population of 1.9 million people, a sixth of them Muslim. Today, after sixteen years of rapid economic progress, it has a per capita income of S$10,0002 and a population of 2.4 million people. Of the population aged ten and over in 1980, 324,000 or one-sixth are Muslim. Ninety per cent of the Muslims in Singapore are Malays, nine per cent are Indians and Pakistanis, and one per cent belong …
Market Structure Analysis: Hierarchical Clustering Of Products Based On Substitution-In-Use, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert P. Leone, Allan D. Shocker
Market Structure Analysis: Hierarchical Clustering Of Products Based On Substitution-In-Use, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert P. Leone, Allan D. Shocker
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In this paper, product usage data, employing a substitution-in-use criterion, are analyzed and shown to yield managerially useful product-market structures for financial services. These structures are identified through a form of hierarchical clustering which is different from traditional clustering routines in that it focuses on the explained or accounted for variance in the categorization of objects, thereby reducing groupings due to chance covariation.
Customer-Oriented Approaches To Identifying Product-Markets, George S. Day, Allan D. Shocker, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava
Customer-Oriented Approaches To Identifying Product-Markets, George S. Day, Allan D. Shocker, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The need to identify the boundaries of increasingly complex product-markets has spawned a number of analytical methods based on customer behavior or judgments. The various methods are compared and contrasted according to whether they are consistent with a conceptual definition of a product-market, and their ability to yield diagnostic insights.