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Articles 2521 - 2537 of 2537
Full-Text Articles in Business
Attitudes And The Risk-Return Paradox: Prospect Theory Explanations, Avi Fiegenbaum, Howard Thomas
Attitudes And The Risk-Return Paradox: Prospect Theory Explanations, Avi Fiegenbaum, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study attempted to explain Bowman's risk-return paradox in terms of recent research in behavioral decision theory and prospect theory. The research emphasized the role of reference, or target, return levels in analyzing risky choices. For returns below target, a large majority of individuals appear to be risk seeking; for returns above target, a large majority appear to be risk averse. Using extensive COMPUSTAT-based data on U.S. firms, we consistently found a negative risk-return association for firms having returns below target levels and a positive association for firms with returns above target. These results support the basic propositions of prospect …
'Small Profits': Strukturmerkmale Und Entwicklungsprobleme Der Urbanen Individualwirtschaft In Der Vr China, Wolfgang Jamann, Thomas Menkhoff
'Small Profits': Strukturmerkmale Und Entwicklungsprobleme Der Urbanen Individualwirtschaft In Der Vr China, Wolfgang Jamann, Thomas Menkhoff
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article intends to analyse recent structural patterns, development problems and the reasons for rehabilitation of the urban private economy in the People’s Republic of China since 1978. The authors start from the thesis that the so-called “private sector” in China is not comparable with its “out”-differentiated counterpart in Western industrial countries, but is interlaced, in a complex way, with informal, partly illegitimate activities, interpersonal relation-networks (“guanxi”) or economic transactions of state/collective factories. The article illustrates the subordinate situation of the individual labourers in terms of their political regulation by (sometimes restrictive) licence procedures, taxes and fees; resource supply problems …
Managerial Focal Points In Manufacturing Strategy, Arnoud De Meyer
Managerial Focal Points In Manufacturing Strategy, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Through analysis of specific decisions in the management of manufacturing in 163 companies, we have identified the key dimensions along which mort of the differences among manufacturing strategies can be explained. Previous research—mostly based on clinical observations—has focused on describing the typical decision categories in manufacturing strategy. Our large sample has allowed us to move beyond that and focus on the differences among manufacturing strategies. Data were collected by mailed questionnaires as a part of a large research project ‘Manufacturing Futures’. The responses to a list of 35 specific current action programmes in manufacturing were reduced through a principal component …
The Impact Of Cultural Patterns On Cognition And Intention In Singapore, Chin Tiong Tan, John U. Farley
The Impact Of Cultural Patterns On Cognition And Intention In Singapore, Chin Tiong Tan, John U. Farley
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Ethnicity of models used in advertisements and the advertised product's country of origin are manipulated experimentally to study how attitudes toward advertising and products lead to behavioral intention. A sample of Singaporean students' traditional Eastern values about family and conformity are also examined. Patterns of results for three products are consistent with theoretical predictions of cognitive processes, and attitude-intention links appear stronger than do those in similar tests in the West. Culture has mixed effect.
The Integration Of Information Systems In Manufacturing, Arnoud De Meyer
The Integration Of Information Systems In Manufacturing, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The large majority of modern production companies have at their disposal a multitude of computer systems. The immediate challenge for these companies consists of integrating these computer systems and databases. How will one arrive at this integration? On the basis of a questionnaire administered among a group of 174 large European manufacturers, one comes to the conclusion that this integration is one of the immediate priorities for this group of companies. They do not intend to implement turnkey systems, but instead will integrate the different databases and computer systems gradually. One can see emerging islands of integration, which will be …
Determinants Of Bilateral Trade Flows, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert T. Green
Determinants Of Bilateral Trade Flows, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert T. Green
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
What factors influence the level of trade flows that occur between nations? Past studies have answered this question primarily in terms of distance and economic size. The present study considers additional variables as potential determinants of trade relations between nations. Also, trade flows are analyzed by the type of products being exported and imported. The findings show that several additional variables are significant determinants of the level of bilateral trade relations between nations. In addition, it is found that models of trade flows are more appropriate for manufactured goods than they are for basic commodities.
European Manufacturing: A Comparative Study (1985), Arnoud De Meyer
European Manufacturing: A Comparative Study (1985), Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
One of the striking events of the eighties in the field of management is the increase in attention paid to the role of manufacturing and technology in the determination of a firm’s competitive position. Traditionally, corporate policy and strategic decisions were defined on the basis of a financial and marketing analysis of the company’s strengths, weaknesses and competitive environment. The contribution of the technology function and more in particular the production and operations function was often limited to implementation and a marginal adaptation of a course set by financial and marketing considerations. Some of the world’s excellent competitors have, however, …
The Flow Of Technological Innovation In An R&D Department, Arnoud De Meyer
The Flow Of Technological Innovation In An R&D Department, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The flow of technological information, in particular the type of sources and transfer channels for technological information has been a focus of research interest since the very first studies concerning management of research and development. However, the results of these empirical studies, although encouraging and useful to managers, leave several questions unanswered, and even worse, contain some contradictions. In this paper we will try to explain some of these contradictions using the technology characteristics as a contingency factor. The model, which we will present has been tested in a twofold way: questionnaires were used to provide insight into the importance …
A Technological Lifecycle Approach To The Organizational-Factors Determining Gatekeeper Activities, Arnoud De Meyer
A Technological Lifecycle Approach To The Organizational-Factors Determining Gatekeeper Activities, Arnoud De Meyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The paper deals with the question whether gatekeepers arise spontaneously (non-hierarchical) or are created by administrative action (hierarchical). The author's approach to the problem relies on the use of a lifecycle model of an organisation devised by Utterback and Abernathy. They distinguish a product-innovation, a transitional and process- innovation (consolidation) phase in the development of an enterprise. The author's hypothesis is that gatekeepers can arise via either route depending on the phase in which enterprise is operating. In the earlier phases the author predicts that gatekeepers will either be absent or non-hierarchical (spontaneous) while in later phases they will be …
A Customer-Oriented Approach For Determining Market Structures, Rajendra K. Srivastava, Mark I. Alpert, Allan D. Shocker
A Customer-Oriented Approach For Determining Market Structures, Rajendra K. Srivastava, Mark I. Alpert, Allan D. Shocker
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
A framework for market analysis based on customer perceptions of substitutability-in-use is presented. An empirical application in the financial/banking services market is used to illustrate that when product preferences are dependent on the use/consumption context (especially relevant when products have multiple uses), situational variables can help predictive ability, and hierarchical clusters (requiring exclusive group membership) may be misleading. Additionally, it is shown that interactions among situation, product, and person factors may be more managerially meaningful than the main effects.
Decision And Risk Analysis In A New Product And Facilities Planning Problem, David B. Hertz, Howard Thomas
Decision And Risk Analysis In A New Product And Facilities Planning Problem, David B. Hertz, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article illustrates the linkage between risk analysis and strategy by discussing the application of decision and risk analysis to a new product and facilities planning problem. The authors trace the analysis from the initial results through the policy dialogue to the final strategy recommendation.
Mapping Strategic Management Research, Howard Thomas
Mapping Strategic Management Research, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
During the last two decades, in particular, there has developed a substantial body of literature in the fields of strategic management, strategic planning, corporate and business policy, and related topics. This literature owes much to the prior writings of Alfred Chandler [10] and the decades of case writing and research undertaken at Harvard Business School by many learned professors. Indeed, Harvard's tradition of leadership in this field dates from 1914 when it first introduced a course requirement for business policy into the business school program. The term strategic management is of relatively recent origin [49] and is currently the accepted …
Vertical Linkages And Multinational Enterprises In Developing Countries, Linda Y. C. Lim, Eng Fong Pang
Vertical Linkages And Multinational Enterprises In Developing Countries, Linda Y. C. Lim, Eng Fong Pang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Many studies have concluded that multinational firms do not create significant technical and other vertical linkages in developing host countries. This case study of three multinational firms in the export-oriented electronics industry in Singapore shows that under certain conditions multinational firms can lead in creating local vertical linkages. It suggests that restrictive government policies to increase local purchases may not be necessary, effective or desirable in promoting local linkages by export-oriented multinational firms that respond primarily to international market conditions. The Singapore experience poinst to the importance of a healthy investment climate and rapid economic growth in encouraging multinational firms …
Market Structure Analysis: Hierarchical Clustering Of Products Based On Substitution-In-Use, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert P. Leone, Allan D. Shocker
Market Structure Analysis: Hierarchical Clustering Of Products Based On Substitution-In-Use, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava, Robert P. Leone, Allan D. Shocker
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In this paper, product usage data, employing a substitution-in-use criterion, are analyzed and shown to yield managerially useful product-market structures for financial services. These structures are identified through a form of hierarchical clustering which is different from traditional clustering routines in that it focuses on the explained or accounted for variance in the categorization of objects, thereby reducing groupings due to chance covariation.
The Economic Status Of Malay Muslims In Singapore, Eng Fong Pang
The Economic Status Of Malay Muslims In Singapore, Eng Fong Pang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In 1965 Singapore separated from Malaysia to become an independent secular state in a region of Islamic nations. It had then an estimated per capita income of S$ 1,600' and a population of 1.9 million people, a sixth of them Muslim. Today, after sixteen years of rapid economic progress, it has a per capita income of S$10,0002 and a population of 2.4 million people. Of the population aged ten and over in 1980, 324,000 or one-sixth are Muslim. Ninety per cent of the Muslims in Singapore are Malays, nine per cent are Indians and Pakistanis, and one per cent belong …
Customer-Oriented Approaches To Identifying Product-Markets, George S. Day, Allan D. Shocker, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava
Customer-Oriented Approaches To Identifying Product-Markets, George S. Day, Allan D. Shocker, Rajendra Kumar Srivastava
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The need to identify the boundaries of increasingly complex product-markets has spawned a number of analytical methods based on customer behavior or judgments. The various methods are compared and contrasted according to whether they are consistent with a conceptual definition of a product-market, and their ability to yield diagnostic insights.
A Note On Adjusting, David B. Montgomery, D.G. Morrison
A Note On Adjusting, David B. Montgomery, D.G. Morrison
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Whenever a regression analysis is run, one of the key statistics which is reported is the coefficient of determination or, as it is more commonly kn R2. This quantity represents the proportion of the variance of the dependent variable that is associated with ("explained by") the set of independent vari- ables. However, this statistic is a biased estimate of the true coefficient of determination for the underlying population. Moreover, the bias in unadjusted R2 can be sizeable and may lead to serious misinterpretation of research results. The purpose of this note is to examine the magnitude of the bias in …