Business Commons^™

Intro To Primary Sources, Katie Strand, Jen Kirk, Dan Davis, Lara Petersen

All E-Learning Resources

Attention: As of 2026 updated versions of this item will no longer be available on Digital Commons. Please contact [email protected] for more information.

The Identifying Primary Sources tutorial teaches students how they find, evaluate, and use primary sources in their own research. Along the way, they'll learn about some great places to start researching when looking for primary sources.

Homelessness Among Utah Women, Candice B. Pierucci, Emily S. Darowski, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

In 2020, the United States Interagency Council on Homelessness reported that an estimated 3,131 Utah residents experienced homelessness on any given day.¹ And, according to data shared by the Office of Homeless Services under the Utah Department of Workforce Services,² 24,037 people accessed homelessness services in Utah sometime during 2021. Clearly, homelessness is a grave concern for many Utah women and families. As the Utah Women & Leadership Project seeks to strengthen the impact of all Utah girls and women, understanding homelessness for female residents is important. This research snapshot focuses on three key areas:

1. An overview of …

Diurnal Changes In Alfalfa Quality And The Effects On Revenue Maximization, Nelson Sip

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Before alfalfa hay is sold to brokers or diaries, it is quality is evaluated to determine the price. These tests go into great detail about the micro and macro nutrients alfalfa contains or they could be a function of the fibers alfalfa contains to determine the digestibility. Studies show ways to increase alfalfa quality such as harvesting later in the day at peak photosynthesis. However, the financial benefits, or lack thereof, based on these changes to quality have no conclusion. Here we show that harvesting alfalfa later in the day increases the quality and has financial benefits. We found that …

Mountain States Oilseeds: Risk Management For Safflower Production In The Intermountain West, Jameson F. Packer

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Safflower is an oilseed crop primarily produced in the western Great Plains because of its compatibility with cereal grain equipment. Varieties grown in that region are harvested predominantly for seeds high in safflower oil and oleic acid that are processed and used in cooking oil, human nutrition, and other health and beauty products. Safflower is also grown in Utah, Idaho, and California for birdseed mixes due to the region’s arid climate, which yields a crisp, white seed that is highly favorable in the birdseed market. Mountain States Oilseeds, headquartered in American Falls, Idaho, is one of the United States’ largest …

A Welfare Comparison Of Historical Cost And Fair Value Accounting Regimes, Palmer Edholm

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

With ongoing controversy concerning fair value and historical cost accounting, existing accounting theory is focused on intra-firm decision making and is thus deficient in addressing the issue of maximizing social welfare. I propose models of historical cost and fair value accounting regimes which are embedded in models of monopoly and oligopoly. This allows for social welfare implications. I find that historical cost results in greater expected profits for both monopolists and oligopolists. However, if the market is elastic enough, a fair value regimes is welfare enhancing. Whereas, if the market is inelastic enough, historical cost is welfare enhancing.

What Tooele County Leaders And Residents Can Do To Strengthen The Impact Of Girls And Women In Their Area, Angie Kleven, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

This idea sheet is based on a 2022 gathering of 30 leaders in Tooele County. Girls and women face challenges unique to the area in which they live, and the goal of this gathering was to identify those barriers and determine strategies and initiatives that local leaders and residents can implement to address them. This document includes recommendations in the following areas: education, home and family, health & wellbeing, business & economics, and culture & community engagement.

Perceptions Of Higher Education: Gender Differences In Utah Secondary School Students, Carlee Dynes, Emily S. Darowski, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

According to 2020 US Census data, 20.6% of females 25 years or older have earned a bachelor’s degree, compared to 19.8% of men.¹ Within the same age group in Utah, females show the same pattern: 23.4% have earned a bachelor’s compared to 22.6% of males. Although statistics show gains in female educational attainment, females in Utah are more likely to have participated in some college with no degree (26.2%) or have an associate degree (11.1%), compared to males in Utah (24.9% and 8.8%, respectively). Additionally, although national rates show more females (13.0%) than males (12.4%) have earned graduate or …

Women-Owned Businesses In Utah: Status, Challenges, And Opportunities, Susan R. Madsen, April Townsend

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Twenty-five years ago, in 1997, Utah’s Women’s Business Center, in partnership with the Utah Technology Finance Corporation and Small Business Administration, sponsored a comprehensive survey of Utah women business owners.¹ The purpose of the study was to better understand the specific roles women-owned businesses play in Utah’s economy. It was hoped that the research would stimulate a rich dialogue within the business community regarding the nature of women-owned businesses and better anticipate future needs, and this is indeed what happened. The 1997 report addressed four questions:

1. What is the economic power of women business owners in Utah?
2. What are …

Responding To Financial Stress For Agricultural Producers And Couples, Jacob D. Gossner, Elizabeth B. Fauth, Tasha Howard

All Current Publications

Finances are a necessary component of running an agricultural production and with an uncertain economy, drought conditions, and rising costs, financial stress is increasingly common. Although financial stress is linked with poor individual and relationship outcomes, research suggests that there are effective ways to manage financial stress so that it does not reduce personal or relationship well-being. We review the body's response to stressors and how to respond rather than react to stress. We present specific strategies couples can use to navigate financial stress together. We include ideas for practical application for individuals seeking to improve the way they manage …

Suicide Among Utah Girls And Women, Kristy Hodson, Chloe Bhowmick, Cindy Jenkins, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Suicide is a serious, evolving, and complex public health issue¹ that negatively impacts individuals, families, and communities across Utah, the nation, and the world.² Suicide can have lasting and harmful effects on everyone touched in some way, and it carries high economic and human costs.³ In fact, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that the US loses almost $70 billion annually as a result of suicide attempts and suicides due to medical and work-loss-related costs.⁴

In 2020, suicide was the 12th-leading cause of death in the US,⁵ and there were double the number of …

Evaluating The Benefit Of The Islamic Banking System In Uae (United Arab Emirates), Hadjer Abir Bensaha

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

A ubiquitous number of articles have examined the finance and banking systems used throughout the world (conventional). This paper aims to provide some evidence of the value of the Islamic banking system and why the current non-Islamic systems should implement certain aspects of the Islamic finance system. To make this claim, I rely on secondary research data to support my arguments. Islamic banking has experienced rapid global growth. This paper uses the United Arab of Emirates as the scope of this research because both banking systems have operated in the UAE for several years. Therefore, existing data and statistics from …

Who Is More Likely To Be Delinquent In Their Mortgage Payments Among Homeowners? The Role Of Financial Literacy, Ellie Donne Hansen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Homeownership is a way for families to build wealth and marks status attainment. Despite the many benefits of homeownership, homeowners who are delinquent on their mortgages lose the effective means of wealth accumulation and may trigger the beginning of the foreclosure process. There is evidence that homeowners with appropriate levels of financial literacy have a lower likelihood of mortgage delinquency.

Using data from the 2018 National Financial Capability Study (NFCS), the main purpose of this study was to examine what factors are associated with mortgage delinquency among homeowners. This study also examined to what extent financial literacy plays a role …

The Status Of Women Leaders In Utah Public Education (K–12): A 2022 Update, Hannah Payne, Kim Buesser, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

In 2014, the Utah Women & Leadership Project (UWLP) released a research and policy brief titled “The Status of Women Leaders in Utah Education,”¹ and an updated version was published in 2017.² The reports focused on the status of women’s leadership in all Utah education sectors. In 2021, UWLP updated the postsecondary education portion of the brief,³ and this report provides an update of the K–12 portion. The purpose of this brief is to determine what, if any, progress has been made in women’s leadership within Utah’s K–12 education sector, including public and charter schools. This brief …

The Status Of Utah American Indian Women, Tasha Toy, Marin Christensen, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

In 2021, the Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute reported that “Utah ranks as the 34th most racially and ethnically diverse state in the nation, with 22% of the state identifying as other than non-Hispanic White.”¹ As the state continues to become more diverse, it is critical that the Utah Women & Leadership Project (UWLP) conducts and reports research focused on women of color. As the UWLP focuses on strengthening the impact of all Utah girls and women, research that increases our understanding of the status and experiences of girls and women within all social and identity groups—including race and …

The Status Of Utah Hispanic Or Latina Women, Jessica C. Hill, Marin Christensen, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

In 2021, the Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute published a databook on race, ethnicity, and sex, and since that time related dialogues have become more common. According to these data, Utah is becoming increasingly diverse, which has brought wide disparities between most minority groups and the White population in terms of education, housing, and health outcomes.¹ To continue this important conversation, the Utah Women & Leadership Project (UWLP) is expanding and deepening this research by publishing a series of research snapshots on Utah women of color. Often, research entities publish data on gender and race separately, leaving a gap …

Utah Women And Stem: A 2022 Update, Rebecca Winkel, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), careers in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) are expanding faster and pay better than other careers.¹ The median annual wage for STEM occupations in 2020 was nearly $90,000, more than double the median annual wage for all occupations (about $42,000).² STEM opportunities abound in Utah, one of the top 10 states for tech job growth, net tech employment concentration, and net tech employment job gains in 2020.³ In fact, Salt Lake City is ranked the second-best city in the country for professional opportunities in STEM.⁴

Yet, …

What Summit County Leaders And Residents Can Do To Strengthen The Impact Of Girls And Women In Their Area, Angie Kleven, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

This idea sheet is based on a 2022 gathering of 35 leaders in Summit County. Girls and women face challenges unique to the area in which they live, and the goal of this gathering was to identify those barriers and determine strategies and initiatives that local leaders and residents can implement to address them. This document includes recommendations in the following areas: youth and sports, education, health and wellbeing, business and economics, culture and religion, and community engagement.

What Utah County Leaders And Residents Can Do To Strengthen The Impact Of Girls And Women In Their Area, Angie Kleven, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

This idea sheet is based on a 2022 gathering of 38 leaders in Utah County. Girls and women face challenges unique to the area in which they live, and the goal of this gathering was to identify those barriers and determine strategies and initiatives that local leaders and residents can implement to address them. This document includes recommendations in the following areas: education, health and wellbeing, home and family, business and economics, culture and religion, and community engagement.

The Status Of Utah Black Women, Tasha Toy, Marin Christensen, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Utah is becoming increasingly diverse, and this has brought wide disparities between most minority groups and the White population in terms of education, housing, and health outcomes.¹ Last year, the Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute at the University of Utah released a report on race, ethnicity, and sex that started the conversation more broadly, and now the Utah Women & Leadership Project (UWLP) is expanding and deepening this discussion by focusing a series of research snapshots on Utah women of color. As the UWLP focuses on strengthening the impact of all Utah girls and women, research that increases our …

The Status Of Utah Asian Women, Jessica C. Hill, Marin Christensen, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Last year, the Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute released a landmark databook on race, ethnicity, and sex. In that report they noted that Utah is becoming increasingly diverse, and this has brought wide disparities between most minority groups and the White population in terms of education, housing, and health outcomes.¹ Although the Institute presented critical data to start the conversation more broadly, the Utah Women & Leadership Project (UWLP) wanted to expand and deepen this discussion by focusing a series of research snapshots on Utah women of color. As the UWLP focuses on strengthening the impact of all Utah …

What Uintah Basin Leaders And Residents Can Do To Strengthen The Impact Of Girls And Women In Their Area, Angie Kleven, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

This idea sheet is based on a 2022 gathering of 30 leaders in the Uintah Basin. Girls and women face challenges unique to the area in which they live, and the goal of this gathering was to identify those barriers and determine strategies and initiatives that local leaders and residents can implement to address them. This document includes recommendations in the following areas: education and sports, health and wellbeing, home and family, business and economics, culture and religion, and community engagement.

Do Board Diversity And Gender Quotas Affect Firm Value? Evidence From California Assembly Bill No. 979, Emily Kelleen Blake, Sepideh Raei, Katarzyna A. Bilicka, Todd Griffith

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

We analyze the stock market reaction and returns for California-headquartered companies following the announcement of AB 979 (California Assembly Bill 979) that was signed into effect on September 30th, 2020. AB 979 requires public firms headquartered in California to meet board gender and diversity quotas by December 31st, 2021. Cumulative abnormal returns in a [-1, +1] event window average a 0.98% abnormal return as benchmarked against all publicly traded firms and a 1.29% abnormal return when benchmarked against our control group (of firms headquartered outside of California). California headquartered firms with exclusively male boards had a larger cumulative abnormal return …

Asilomar: A Historical Study Of The Role Of The Ywca In Women's Leadership Development As An Absent Narrative In The History Of Hrd, Kenneth R. Bartlett, Susan R. Madsen, Michael Valesano, Ying Feng

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

The dominant narrative on the history of training and development, especially in the United States, reflects entrenched gender bias with little acknowledgment of human resource development (HRD) designed for and delivered by women. The role of women’s organizations as forces for social change, advocates for gender equality, and providers of leadership development are significant areas of HRD history largely ignored in the literature. This historical study considers archival records on the former YWCA Asilomar Conference Grounds, near Monterey, California which was the first conference training facility owned by a women’s organization in the US. The study is focused on the …

What Cache County Leaders And Residents Can Do To Strengthen The Impact Of Girls And Women In Their Area, Angie Kleven, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

This idea sheet is based on a 2022 gathering of 33 leaders and residents in Cache County, Utah. Girls and women face challenges unique to the area in which they live, and the goal of this gathering was to identify those barriers and determine strategies and initiatives that local leaders and residents can implement to address them. This document includes recommendations in the following areas: education, health and wellbeing, business and economics, culture and religion, and community engagement.

The Status Of Utah Pacific Islander Women, Jessica C. Hill, Marin Christensen, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

In 2021, the Kem C. Gardner Policy Institute reported that “Utah ranks as the 34th most racially and ethnically diverse state in the nation, with 22% of the state identifying as other than non-Hispanic White.”¹ As the state continues to become more diverse, it is critical that the Utah Women & Leadership Project (UWLP) conducts and reports research focused on women of color. As the UWLP focuses on strengthening the impact of all Utah girls and women, research that increases our understanding of the status and experiences of girls and women within all social and identity groups—including race and …

Esports In Education, Ryan Miner

Student Research Symposium

This project seeks to investigate and answer whether the benefits of implementing esports (competitive video games) in schools outweigh the negative effects of video games in the lives of students. I conducted thorough research on my College’s library database as well as news websites to find primary and secondary sources of the effects of esports in schools, both in the positive and negative. The research also had a special emphasis on several different perspectives, including students at each schooling level (elementary, middle, high school), as well as parents and educators. Analysis of this evidence shows that video games can cause …

Extracurriculars: An Investment In Tomorrow’S Generation, Charles Merriam

Student Research Symposium

High school age students across the country find themselves either underperforming in or dropping out entirely from high school. This already alarming issue increases in severity when we discover that the majority of these students belong to groups that need what a high school diploma has to offer the most. My research aimed at discovering how involvement extracurricular activities can motivate these students and provide them with the tools necessary to succeed. I investigated the topic using the University Library Database and other online databases to collect and evaluate primary and secondary sources. These sources focused mostly on studies that …

A Proposed Change To The Beautiful Game's Most Important Event, Carson Clark

Student Research Symposium

FIFA is proposing and researching the feasibility for a biennial World Cup instead of the four year intervals that are currently in place. They are doing so to hopefully involve more countries into the tournament and gain more revenue to further development of international soccer. This study is to investigate whether or not this change in frequency of the World Cup would be better or worse for the tournament and all those that would be affected. Research was conducted by gathering information using a library database and reading primary sources along with other articles by those with different perspectives and …

The Benefits That Come From Moving Out Of State For College, Sadie Morris

Student Research Symposium

My topic is about how moving to a new state can benefit a student when starting college. Not that many students move to a different state to go to college, and there can be a lot of benefits that come from moving some where new. This poster highlights the positives that come from moving to a new state from college.

Measuring The Intensity Of Mymotivators™ / Whole Brain® Communication In Print Advertising, Tanner Schulz

Student Research Symposium

Advertising’s purpose is to create a state of mind conducive to purchase. This study seeks to identify, measure, and understand the intrinsic motivators communicated within print advertisements and quantify their intensities. The theory is that ads with more intense motivator content - distributed somewhat evenly across all four quadrants of the Whole Brain^®Model - will be more effective in influencing that state of mind.This research is the first step in identifying, quantifying, and visualizing motivators communicated within print advertisements. The study analyzed 15 print ads found in contemporary magazines.