Business Commons^™

New Product Innovation With Multiple Features And Technology Constraints, Kathy A. Paulson Gjerde, S. A. Slotnick, M. J. Sobel

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

We model a firm's decisions about product innovation, focusing on the extent to which features should be improved or changed in the succession of models that comprise a life cycle. We show that the structure of the internal and external environment in which a firm operates suggests when to innovate to the technology frontier. The criterion is maximization of the expected present value of products during the life cycle. Computational studies complement the theoretical results and lead to insights about when to bundle innovations across features. The formalization was influenced by extensive interviews with managers in a high-technology firm that …

The Effects Of Business-University Alliances On Innovative Output And Financial Performance: A Study Of Publicly Traded Biotechnology Companies, Gerard George, Shaker A. Zahra, D. Robley Wood

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Companies in the biotechnology industry face major challenges in developing and commercializing new products. Focusing on publicly traded biotechnology firms that are not members of university incubators or research parks, this paper argues that the links these companies develop with universities can have beneficial effects on a company's operations. Analysis of 2457 alliances undertaken by 147 biotechnology firms shows that companies with university linkages have lower research and development (R&D) expenses while having higher levels of innovative output. However, the results do not support the proposition that companies with university linkages achieve higher financial performance than similar firms without such …

Industrialisation And Innovation : The Indian Experience By Nasir Tyabji, New Delhi: Sage, 2000., Rishikesha T Krishnan

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

Ipr : Experiences Of Inventors, Pavan Mamidi

IIMB Management Review

Why is it that our young scientist-inventors, bursting with ideas, baulk at the thought of patenting them and choose instead the more ‘respectable’ option of publishing papers? How do they reconcile their basic instinct to freely disseminate knowledge with the ground realities of ‘blocking the domain’ and competition from peers? Despite the claim of the authorities that there were well documented and standardised processes, M T Arvind of Sasken Technologies, Nithin Nagaraj of GE, Prof Sanjay Biswas from the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore and Prof Kannan Moudgalya, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, endorsed a general ignorance of IP issues …

The Implications Of Technology Networks On Diffusion And Economic Growth, Hing-Man Leung

Research Collection School Of Economics

After the record-breaking run of high-speed growth in the United States during the late 1990s, a pressing question is Has anything fundamental changed in our growth engine? This paper examines an IT-led endogenous growth model driven by technology diffusion. Diffusion is in turn driven by network effect embodied in new technologies. The equilibrium long-term growth rate is however found to be independent of such technology networks. A novelty in our model is that innovation is discontinuous and it is separated by periods of diffusion. This (IT) network-diffusion is shown to be Sigmoid, and diffusion speed is slower than socially optimal.

Culture And Its Consequences For Entrepreneurship, Gerard George, Shaker A Zahra

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This special issue of the Journal "Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice" focuses on the relationship between culture and entrepreneurship. It adopts a broad definition of both culture and entrepreneurship. Culture is used to refer to the enduring set of values of a nation, a region, or an organization. Entrepreneurship is defined as the act and process by which societies, regions, organizations, or individuals identify and pursue business opportunities to create wealth. The articles in this special issue highlight opportunities for future research, both theoretical and empirical. These studies offer a preliminary roadmap for conducting influential and insightful research that can enrich …

Business Information Technology Management : Alternative And Adaptive Futures Edited By Ray Hackney And Dennis Dunn, Macmillan Press, 2000., Bhanu Pant

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

The Innovating Organization Edited By Andrew M Pettigrew And Evelyn M Fenton, Sage, 2000., Rajeev Sharma

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

Indian Software Industry : An Operations Perspective, Subramanya Sharma, P Jai Krishna Ramesh, A Ravikiran

IIMB Management Review

The history of the Indian software industry may be reckoned from 1974, when Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) started off its operations. TCS with its joint ventures became one of the largest software exporters in the early days. However, exports became the core focus of companies sometime around the late 1980s and early 1990s. A major event in the industry was when Texas Instruments proposed to start a 100% export-oriented, foreign owned and operated subAward Winning Student Essay Indian Software Industry: An Operations Perspective sidiary. This caught on rapidly, with large software companies like Siemens, Motorola, and many more setting up …

R&D Management : Issues And Challenges, Shikha Suman

IIMB Management Review

Before the 60s, there was neither literature nor explicit focus on R&D management. The ‘linear model of innovation’1 prevailed, both in the public and the private sector. It was believed that investments in R&D eventually would pay off when research-based products and processes reached production and/or the market. R&D units of companies were generally left to themselves, managed by the unit’s most distinguished scientists. They set their goals and their priorities based largely on scientific criteria alone, albeit within the frames of the company’s current operations and future strategies.

Converting Intellectual Assets Into Property, Thomas G. Field Jr

Law Faculty Scholarship

The mouse and graphic interface were first commercialized on Macintosh computers. Yet, Steve Jobs is said to have derived both from the Alto computer developed by Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center. While Jobs became a billionaire, "Xerox completely failed to get into the personal computer business, missing one of the biggest business opportunities in history."

Preferring to be more akin to Apple than to Xerox, firms are increasingly mindful that their most valuable assets are apt to be ideas and information instead of land, buildings and inventory. Not capable of being fenced in or locked up, intangible assets can be …

Establishing And Maintaining A Buyer/Supplier Relationship Within The Product Development Industry For Model-Making And Prototyping, Kelly Vukad

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Bibliometric Analysis Of Core Papers Fundamental To Tissue Engineering, Diana Hicks, Mike Albert, Anthony Breitzman, Peggy Cheney

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

No abstract provided.

Access To Justice For The Self-Represented Litigant: An Interdisciplinary Investigation By Designers And Lawyers (With P. Hannaford), Ronald W. Staudt

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Commercial Academics : An Indian Story, Venkat Chandrasekhar, Vijay Chandru

IIMB Management Review

Venture funding today is geared to entrepreneurial initiatives that are innovative, address new markets, are highly scalable and thus growth oriented. On a time dimension, the sooner this is achieved the better. Given this scenario, successful technology entrepreneurs must possess good domain knowledge and deeprooted technical expertise. The recent history of high-tech successes has shown us that in the above conditions, academic research based startups and entrepreneurs from academic environments have been highly successful with astounding contributions towards wealth creation.

Anu Aga : A Culture Of Innovation And Openness, Ganesh N Prabhu

IIMB Management Review

Anu Aga is the Chairperson of the Thermax Group of Companies, a Rs 780 crore Pune-based energy, environment and chemical major that exports its products worldwide. Thermax is known for its innovation in products, processes and practices, as well as its culture of openness. Anu Aga started her career at Thermax in 1985, in the Human Resources department, and went on to head the function from 1991 to 1996. When she took over as CEO, the company was going through a difficult period. Remarkably, she has managed to see the company through the crisis and put it back on the …

Venture Capital And It Firms In India - Vital Issues, G Sabarinathan

IIMB Management Review

The Information Technology (IT) industry in India achieved a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 39.4 % from 1995-96 to 2000-01 in US dollar terms, increasing from $1224 million to $8260 million. Predictably, much of this growth came from exports which increased from $734 million to $6200 million, representing a CAGR of 42.7%. Software services accounted for 8.1 % of the exports during 1999-2001. During the previous years services accounted for an even higher proportion of exports.

Venture Capital Investment Trends In It Businesses In India, G Sabarinathan

IIMB Management Review

How  are  venture  capitalists  reacting  to  the  boom-and-bustIT  business  scenario?  Has  there  been  a  shift  in  entrepreneurial  activity  from  the  traditional  software  services  toproducts?  Is  Intellectual  Property  creation  possible  out  of  Indiaand  what  do  Indian  companies  have  to  offer  to  the  global  market?How  would  ‘Silicon  Valley  Angels’  affect  the  competitive  paradigmfor  Indian  VC  funds?  What  is  the  possibility  of  germinating  a  ven-ture  in  India  and  transplanting  it  overseas?    How  can  Indian  busi-ness  schools  and  institutes  of  technology  contribute  in  the  vitalfield  of  R&D?  Entrepreneurs,  venture  capitalists  and  academicsparticipated  in  a  round  table  discussion  on  VC  investment  trendsin  IT  businesses  in …

A Fresh Look At It Entrepreneurship In India, Vinay Deshpande

IIMB Management Review

Since the early nineties, the Indian IT sector has distinguished itself by virtually becoming an engine of growth for the entire economy of the country, ranking amongst the highest export revenue earning sectors. What needs to be clarified, though, is that this sector has been largely made up of software services companies that have been based on the availability of a large pool of low-cost manpower with leading-edge skills, and have benefitted from the worldwide shortage of skilled IT manpower. Consequently, owing to the low risk and relatively low capital investment requirements and the low business risk associated, they have …

Success Parameters For Technology Companies In The It Arena - An Indian Perspective, M Chandrasekaran

IIMB Management Review

The very word ‘technology’ in the context of the IT industry conjures up visions of radically different products that are made possible by esoteric and futuristic technology implemented through pure hardware or pure software or increasingly hardware/ software combinations. It is also clear that the evolutionary change to increasingly software intensive solutions is here to stay. In the context of this article, ‘technology companies’ will refer only to companies that are pure software or software / hardware plays that operate in the area of emerging technologies. Such companies will typically develop Intellectual Property( IP), license this IP, and use it …

Managing Industrial Knowledge : Creation, Transfer And Utilization Edited By Ikujiro Nonaka And David Teece, New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2001., N Dayasindhu

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

Technology Selection And Commitment In New Product Development: The Role Of Uncertainty And Design Flexibility, V. Krishnan, Shantanu Bhattacharya

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Selecting the right technologies to incorporate in new products is a particularly challenging aspect of new product definition and development. While newer advanced technologies may offer improved performance, they also make the product development process more risky and challenging. In this paper, we focus on the problem of technology selection and commitment under uncertainty, a major challenge to firms in turbulent environments. We argue that the ''pizza-bin'' approach of rejecting prospective technologies outright may not serve firms well when the pressure to differentiate products is enormous. After motivating the challenges and decisions facing firms using a real-life application from Dell …

Analysis Of The Volume, Value And Conversion Performance Of A National Destination Marketing System Website., Patrick Horan, P Mccarthy, Andrew Frew

Conference papers

In 1998, the Scottish Tourist Board sought to develop a ‘real time’ database covering all tourism products and services throughout Scotland through visitscotland.com. Since then over £3m has been invested in this project with some 15,000 businesses and 17,500 products covering the whole spectrum of tourism business now searchable through the Web. The claim has been that there would be an increase in business being generated, initially with bookings through the more traditional channels such as telephone, fax, mail as well as e-mail and there has also been the anticipation that the official national tourist board website would generate significant …

Where Enrollment Meets Structure: Understanding Pda Evolution Through Sociotechnological Theory, Jonathan P. Allen

Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Strategy

Sociotechnological theory seeks to understand technology as both material and social artifacts. Actor-Network Theory (ANT) offers an approach to sociotechnological theory that emphasizes a micro-level analysis of political strategies, but has been criticized for not considering larger social and cultural processes. This paper presents an approach to sociotechnological theory that links the enrollment process of ANT with broader social practices, and social group memberships. Two case studies of Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) evolution (Psion, led by David Potter, and Palm, led by Jeff Hawkins) are used to illustrate this approach.

Sampling Concepts, Paul Boyd, Ph.D.

MBA Faculty Conference Papers & Journal Articles

The usefulness of any research is dependent upon how well the group studied represents the group about which decisions are to be made or conclusions drawn. That is, it depends upon how well the sample reflects relevant characteristics of the population. When it is possible to study every member of that group there is no problem, for on these occasions we can easily calculate the exact attribute (parameter) of interest for our population.

For example, if we were interested in determining the average number of gallons of gasoline sold to customers at our service station yesterday, we …

Proposal For A Centralized And Integrated Registry For Security Interests In Intellectual Property, William J. Murphy

Law Faculty Scholarship

As the world economy enters the twenty-first century, job and wealth creation is increasingly based on innovation and creativity that, in turn, can give rise to important intellectual property rights. For many companies and individuals these intellectual property rights may represent their most valuable assets, or in some cases, their only valuable assets. As a result, intellectual property rights increasingly play a critical the role in financing.

Unlocking the job and wealth creating potential of intellectual property assets requires putting these assets into use, and that often requires a capital investment. Unfortunately, many entrepreneurs and innovators lack the capital necessary …

Annual Report 2002, Eastern Illinois University

Lumpkin College Annual Reports

^{This 2002 Annual Report records the achievements, outreach activities, and student honors work of the Eastern Illinois University's Lumpkin College of Business and Applied Sciences. It also includes reports from the School of Business, the School of Family and Consumer Science, the School of Technology, and the department of Military Science.}

Characterization Of Internet Traffic And User Classification: Foundations For The Next Generation Of Network Emulation, Rigoberto Chinchilla, John Hoag, David Koonce, Hans Kruse, Shawn Osterman, Yufei Wang

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Rigorous experimentation is emerging as the preferred method for validating the benefits of protocols, especially those affecting quality of service. The emulation of traffic generators provides a compact and efficient method for testing protocols and techniques in a realistic context. Models of user behavior serve as the basis for the trafgen traffic emulator and are subject to refinement as our knowledge expands. The project in this study uses a layered approach to study different Internet applications and protocols including the hypertext transfer protocol, http.

Internet Radio: Identifying Administrative And Regulatory Gaps In A Cyberspace World Without Borders, Linda-Marie Sundstrom

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this paper is to identify gaps in regulatory policies resulting from the emergence of Internet radio. To accomplish this purpose, the paper seeks to: 1) provide insights into agencies that may have direct involvement in potentially regulating Internet radio; 2) explore the concepts of jurisdiction in cyberspace; and 3) address the regulatory challenges that exist when traditional country borders no longer apply.

Adequacy Of The 1995 Antitrust Guidelines For The Licensing Of Intellectual Property In Complex High Tech Markets, Clovia Hamilton

Winthrop Faculty and Staff Publications

In 1995, the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission adopted new guidelines for those wishing to license intellectual property rights without violating antitrust laws. Designed to provide clarity, these guidelines instead breed confusion because they misunderstand the nature of intellectual property markets and provide insufficient guidance in the most difficult areas. Section I of this article will discuss the basic provisions of the guidelines, especially their treatment of "innovation markets." It argues that government enforcers should focus primarily on activity that creates entry barriers. Understanding the use and misuse of licensing is the key to analyzing barriers in …