Business Commons^™

Determinants Of International Equity Entry Mode: An Empirical Analysis, Ruth Clarke, Fernando Robles, Syed H. Akhter, Marcilio Machado

Marketing Faculty Research and Publications

This empirical paper tests hypotheses exploring the use of equity investment in international market entry by US-based firms. We first establish the respondents' use of equity or non-equity, and their international presence, and then proceed to test for determinants of investment. Using transaction cost theory and resource base theory we examine the influences of asset specificity, tacitness of strategic resources, country similarity, business similarity, environmental uncertainty and behavioral uncertainty on firm decisions to make equity investments. Six hypotheses are presented and tested on a sample of self-identified firms engaged in international business. The results for the exploratory study are significant …

2008 February, Office Of Communications & Marketing, Morehead State University.

Morehead State Press Release Archive, 1961 to the Present

Press releases for February of 2008.

Designated Market Areas: Using Zip Codes As A Marketing Tool: 2008, Melissa Bruns-Dubois

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report converts zip codes of nonresident visitors to Montana into 210 Designated Market Areas and provides an investigation of four population segments. The first analysis looks at DMA representation divided by visitors’ primary reason for being in Montana with vacationers as the primary focus. The second section looks at repeat and first time vacationers to Montana while the third subset explores visitors who indicated that at least one reason for their trip to Montana was to either purchase property or visit a second home or condo. Finally, the zip codes of vacationers who spent at least one night in …

Jenkins, James - Letter To (Sc 1562), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Small Collection 1562. Business letter from R.H. Short, New Orleans, to James Jenkins, Bowling Green, Kentucky, which discusses the sale of agricultural commodities. Includes a wholesale price list from New Orleans. Typescript is also included.

The True Colors Of Trademark Law: Green-Lighting A Red Tide Of Anti Competition Blues, Ann Bartow

Law Faculty Scholarship

The elevation of color to stand-alone trademark status illustrates the unbounded nature of trademarks within the judicial consciousness. The availability of color-alone marks also facilitates the commoditization of color in ways that complicate the development and distribution of products and services that use color for multiple purposes conterminously. The economic case for color-alone trademarks is severely undermined by careful observation of the ways that colors are actually deployed in commerce, which makes it clear that the trademarks of multiple goods and services can utilize the same color to telegraph the same message without confusing anyone or diluting the commercial power …

Content Dimensions Of Web Advertising: A Cross-National Comparison Between United States And Thailand, Kuntida Traiwanatham

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to determine whether and how web advertising differs across countries of diverse cultures (between U.S. and Thailand) in such areas as creative appeal used, the amount and type of information contained, and selected descriptive characteristics that are unique to this relatively new medium.

Awareness Of Global Warming And Car Purchasing Behavior In Singapore, Chika Nakayama

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to determine consumers' attitudes toward and perceptions of global warming and hybrid cars and examine the car purchasing behavior in Singapore. The benefits of the study will provide marketers with insight of consumers' demand for cars in Singapore. Findings will help automakers develop more effective, consumer-oriented advertising plans for cars in Asia as Singapore consists of diverse Asian ethnic backgrounds- Chinese, Indian, and Malaysain.

Signaling Corporate Strategy In Ipo Communication: A Study Of Biotechnology Ipos On The Nasdaq, Hongzhi Gao, Jenny Darroch, Damien Mather, Alan Macgregor

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

A clear corporate strategy communication can be a signal to financial analysts and public investors at the time of an initial public offering (IPO). This study examines IPO prospectuses of 57 biotechnology firms listed on the NASDAQ between 1997 and 2002. Using regression analysis, this article shows that the clarity, intensity, and consistency of the corporate strategy signal are not strong enough to affect the 1st-day initial returns. However, consistent communication of a prospector strategy negatively impacts 30-day initial returns, whereas consistent communication of a defender strategy positively impacts 30-day initial returns.

Parametric Media: A Strategic Market Analysis And Marketing Plan For A Digital Signage, Interactive Kiosk And Content Company, Helena Irita Fowler

Theses Digitization Project

This project had two major objectives. The first objective was to conduct a strategic market analysis to serve as the backbone and roadmap for the marketing plan. The second objective was to create a strategic marketing plan to address Parametric Media's strategic marketing and business goals and objectives. This project was designed to fullfill the company's marketing needs. To do so, the author examined the digital signage industry, in order to understand what similar companies have done in the past, explored how consumer-based companies have deployed digital signage systems, and presented statistics and trends within the digital signage industry. The …

Ua1c9 Document Photos, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

Images of documents from the WKU Archives digitized for publication or on-line exhibits.

Ua1c8 Logos & Symbols Photos, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

Images of logos and symbols of Western Kentucky University and its predecessors.

1. Athletics
2. Illustrations / Artwork

Ua96/1 Southern Normal School Publications, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

Publications created by and about the Southern Normal School. Series includes recruitment materials such as advertisements and flyers; course catalogs; student newspaper The Southern Educator and the announcement that the Southern Normal School will become Western Kentucky State Normal School.

Economic Literacy At The University Of Arkansas, Amanda Otto

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

In this study, the researchers developed a survey asking students what topics were most desired, what the ideal format of the program would be, and what would motivate students to participate. Each of these questions allowed participants to rank options within topics, formats and motivators. The survey also collected demographic information concerning age, gender, university classification, and specific college so that the researchers could analyze the needs of different groups on campus. A total of 397 students participated. To analyze the data, the rankings were summed to create an aggregate ranking for each question. The demographic information was used in …

Imsa360: Winter 2008, Imsa Fund

IMSA Fund Reports

This issue of IMSA360 addresses an important theme – IMSA and its networks and partners are making an enduring impact on education. By bringing together the best minds from all walks of life and by combining our resources, we accelerate the delivery of innovative programs that make a difference in the lives of students and teachers throughout Illinois and beyond.

In this issue, you will learn how IMSA and the IMSA Fund for Advancement of Education, our 501(c)(3) not-for-profit entity, work with educational, business, government and entrepreneurial partners to develop, test and share innovative ways to enhance teacher skills and …

Vol. Vi, Tab 38 - Ex. 35 - Rosetta Stone Dtc (Direct To Consumer) Report 2008, Rosetta Stone

Rosetta Stone v. Google (Joint Appendix)

Exhibits from the un-sealed joint appendix for Rosetta Stone Ltd., v. Google Inc., No. 10-2007, on appeal to the 4th Circuit. Issue presented: Under the Lanham Act, does the use of trademarked terms in keyword advertising result in infringement when there is evidence of actual confusion?

Vol. Vi, Tab 38 - Ex. 34 - Rosetta Stone Competitive Analysis, Rosetta Stone

Rosetta Stone v. Google (Joint Appendix)

Exhibits from the un-sealed joint appendix for Rosetta Stone Ltd., v. Google Inc., No. 10-2007, on appeal to the 4th Circuit. Issue presented: Under the Lanham Act, does the use of trademarked terms in keyword advertising result in infringement when there is evidence of actual confusion?

An Analysis Of Logistics Pedagogical Literature: Past And Future Trends In Curriculum, Content, And Pedagogy, Michael Gravier, M. Theodore Farris

Marketing Department Faculty Journal Articles

There presently is no comprehensive review which systematizes and summarizes the burgeoning body of logistics educational literature. The purpose of this paper is to provide a guide for both educators and practitioners to assess the history, current status, and future trends in logistics education in order to nurture advancement in logistics education. This paper draws its conclusions based upon a literature review and categorizes the evolution of logistics education into three areas: defining curriculum, developing content and skills taught, and refining teaching methods. Logistics education continues to benefit from strong ties to industry. Additionally, four principle macro-environmental factors were discovered …

Multidivisional Vs Metanational Governance Of The Multinational Enterprise, Alain C. Verbeke, Thomas Kenworthy

Management and Marketing Faculty Publications

The effective and efficient management of diversified business firms that supply multiple products and operate in multiple, dynamic markets, especially large multinational enterprises (MNEs), builds upon a number of specific governance principles. These governance principles allow the alignment of environmental characteristics, strategy and organization. Given the rising need to “learn from the world”, Doz et al., in their influential Harvard Business School Press book entitled From Global to Metanational, have proposed a new set of governance principles described under the “metanational” umbrella concept. This paper revisits the metanational, using a comparative institutional perspective; here we contrast multidivisional and metanational governance …

A Cross Cultural Study Of Corporate Blogs In The U.S. And In Korea, Sunran Jeon, Seong No Yoon, Jongheon Kim

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Corporate blogging is now world wide due to the potential benefits of blogging. The purpose of this study is to investigate corporate blogging in the U.S. and Korea. The framework to compare corporate blogging in two countries is corporate blogging strategies developed by Lee et al. (2006). Comparing corporate blogging strategies in the U.S., top-down corporate blogging strategy IV (promotion) is mostly adopted in Korea, and most companies use their blogs at the third party site. Promotion blogs have gained popularity and high readership in Korea unlike U.S.

Dublin Visitor Survey 2008 Report, Sheila Flanagan, John Carty, Gerard Dunne

Reports

This report represents a joint research initiative by the Tourism Research Centre and the School of Hospitality Management and Tourism at the Technological University Dublin with the support of Dublin Tourism. The study has been conducted annually since 1999 and has amassed a wealth of rich data over the years. This report highlights the principal 2008 findings from the annual visitor survey including the characteristics and attitudes of out of state tourists visiting Dublin city. The key objectives of the survey are to improve the quality of urban tourism information within a Dublin city context and to provide those engaged …

Factors Influence On Success Mass Customization, Wai Kwan (Elaine) Lau

Accounting Faculty Research

This paper summarizes the common elements of mass customization (MC). It argues that MC should be viewed as a manufacturing management system that synergizes and integrates all the elements. Then, three factors, customer, technology, and organizational factors are identified. The moderating effects between implemented MC and improved performance are discussed.

To Be Or Not To Be: That Isn't The Questions! An Empirical Look At On-Line Vs. Traditional Brick And Mortar Courses At The University Level, Dennis Bristow, C. David Shepherd, Michael Humphreys, Michael Ziebell

Marketing: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Quickulum: A Process For Quick Response Curriculum Verification, Marvin Lovett, Irma S. Jones, Paul Stingley

Marketing Faculty Publications

This paper addresses the need for a method of continual and frequent verification regarding course content taught in some post-secondary courses. . With excessive amounts of information generated within the workplace, continual change exists for what is taught in some of our business courses. This is especially true for specific content areas such as Retail Management. This paper proposes a process for verifying and updating course content in order to stay current with workplace trends which these authors have called “Quickulum: A Process for Quick Response Curriculum Verification.”

Social/Interpersonal Skills In Business: In Field, Curriculum And Student Perspectives, Marvin Lovett, Irma S. Jones

Marketing Faculty Publications

This study addresses the need for curriculum aimed at educating current Bachelor of Business Administration students regarding social/interpersonal skills required within the field of business administration. Social/Interpersonal skills will be operationally defined and include behaviors related to etiquette, professional introductions, conversing, etc. Although current Bachelor of Business Administration may offer appropriate coverage of the specific areas of study within the traditional field of business administration, graduates may lack the social/interpersonal skills needed to enhance their effectiveness.

Economic Globalization And Caribbean Economies: Competitive Developments, Strategic Response, And Performance, Syed H. Akhter, Paul Pounder

Marketing Faculty Research and Publications

This study examines the effects of economic globalization on competitive situations of local firms in a small economy, the strategic responses of these firms to the competitive developments, and marketing and financial performance outcomes of these strategies. Findings indicate both beneficial and deleterious effects of economic globalization on domestic competitive situations. Findings also indicate variations in strategic responses and performance outcomes of local firms. Implications are presented along with recommendations for future research.

The Green Entrepreneur: How Important Are They To The Growth Of The Eu, Enda Mcgovern

WCBT Faculty Publications

This paper looks at the role of the entrepreneur in the European Union which has now expanded to include 25 nation states with a population of $450 million citizens. How important is the evolution of the Green Entrepreneur to the EU as they make every effort to promote the concept of Entrepreneurship across the various markets. The evidence would suggest that the emphasis by the EU is primarily focused on the development of the entrepreneurial mindset and skills rather than any specific effort to develop the Green or Responsible entrepreneur of the future. A number of green entrepreneurial companies from …

Understanding Behavioral Sources Of Process Variation Following Enterprise System Deployment, Elliot Bendoly, Mark Cotteleer

Marketing Faculty Research and Publications

This paper extends the current understanding of the time-sensitivity of intent and usage following large-scale IT implementation. Our study focuses on perceived system misfit with organizational processes in tandem with the availability of system circumvention opportunities. Case study comparisons and controlled experiments are used to support the theoretical unpacking of organizational and technical contingencies and their relationship to shifts in user intentions and variation in work-processing tactics over time. Findings suggest that managers and users may retain strong intentions to circumvent systems in the presence of perceived task-technology misfit. The perceived ease with which this circumvention is attainable factors significantly …

Digital Piracy Of Mp3s: Consumer And Ethical Predispositions, Steven Lysonski, Srinivas Durvasula

Marketing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose – Illegal downloading of music has become an inexorable and rampant activity particularly among college students who have been little deterred by industry legal actions. The purpose of this research is to examine the present state of downloading and how ethical orientation and attitudes towards MP3 piracy impact such activities. The paper also aims to use ethical scenarios as a way of understanding the ethical reasoning in illegal downloading.

Design/methodology/approach – Key research questions are proposed that are related to illegal downloading. A sample of 364 university students was used to examine each research question. Statistical results are reported. …

Ethics Of Marketing [Encyclopedia Entry], Gene R. Laczniak

Marketing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Young Irish Adults In Civil Society: Volunteering, Reflexive Identity Work And Social Capital, Geoffrey Robert Weller

Doctoral

This thesis seeks to explain how young Irish adults are capable of achieving identities as episodic volunteers. Participation in civil society in Ireland is changing, with new forms of volunteering emerging (Donoghue et al 2006). Issues of identity and identity construction appear to be symptomatic of these changes (Beck and Beck-Gernsheim 2002). This research focuses upon young Irish adults identity work as they discursively construct their episodic volunteering (Macduff 2005). The research uses a discourse analysis lens (Wetherell 1998; Wetherell and Edley 1998, 1999; Edley and Wetherell 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999; Edley 2001). It is based upon 17 intensive interviews …