Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- History (772)
- Religion (646)
- Philosophy (590)
- Ancient Philosophy (582)
- History of Philosophy (501)
-
- History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology (452)
- Medieval Studies (402)
- Classical Archaeology and Art History (401)
- Classical Literature and Philology (284)
- Art and Design (236)
- English Language and Literature (217)
- History of Science, Technology, and Medicine (193)
- Literature in English, Anglophone outside British Isles and North America (188)
- Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Art and Architecture (183)
- Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology (173)
- Literature in English, North America, Ethnic and Cultural Minority (162)
- French and Francophone Language and Literature (159)
- Other French and Francophone Language and Literature (153)
- European History (147)
- Art and Materials Conservation (144)
- Biblical Studies (140)
- Architecture (135)
- History of Religion (123)
- Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (116)
- Other Classics (106)
- History of the Pacific Islands (101)
- Art Practice (99)
- Institution
-
- Binghamton University (476)
- Brigham Young University (365)
- Indiana State University (169)
- Israel Antiquities Authority (111)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (88)
-
- Xavier University (58)
- Rhode Island School of Design (54)
- Portland State University (50)
- Gettysburg College (35)
- Loyola University Chicago (30)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (27)
- Butler University (25)
- Morehead State University (23)
- University of Southern Maine (23)
- Wright State University (22)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (20)
- Liberty University (16)
- Claremont Colleges (15)
- College of the Holy Cross (15)
- Concordia University St. Paul (14)
- University of Richmond (13)
- Belmont University (12)
- Connecticut College (12)
- Macalester College (12)
- Seattle Pacific University (11)
- University of South Florida (11)
- Providence College (10)
- San Jose State University (10)
- Western Kentucky University (10)
- Bryn Mawr College (9)
- Keyword
-
- RISD (53)
- Brown (52)
- Community Art Project (52)
- Rome (50)
- History (43)
-
- Plato (35)
- Aristotle (33)
- Greece (30)
- Ancient Greece (20)
- Archaeology (20)
- Technology Management (19)
- Classics (18)
- Contemporary Civilization (18)
- Logos (18)
- Mythology (17)
- Gender (16)
- Christianity (14)
- Roman (14)
- Hippos (13)
- Late Antiquity (13)
- Latin (13)
- Politics (13)
- Religion (13)
- World War II (13)
- Excavation (12)
- Homer (12)
- Northeast Church (12)
- Republic (12)
- Roman Empire (12)
- Sussita (12)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter (470)
- The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing (362)
- All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (167)
- חדשות ארכיאולוגיות (סדרה עברית) Hadashot Arkheologiyot (Hebrew Series) (85)
- Calendar of Events (53)
-
- Honors Bachelor of Arts (53)
- Textile Terminologies from the Orient to the Mediterranean and Europe, 1000 BC to 1000 AD (37)
- Young Historians Conference (28)
- Classical Studies: Faculty Publications and Other Works (24)
- Albert A. Howard Book History Collection (23)
- Metropolitan Museum of Art Cast Collection (23)
- Classics Ancient Science Fair (22)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (20)
- Excavations and Surveys in Israel (English Series) (19)
- Textile Crossroads: Exploring European Clothing, Identity, and Culture across Millennia (19)
- Section I: Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem: Background of Western Civilization (18)
- Honors Theses (15)
- Anthós Journal (1990-1996) (14)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (14)
- Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS (14)
- Classical Mediterranean and Middle East Honors Projects (11)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (11)
- Classics Faculty Publications (10)
- Excavation Reports (10)
- C. May Marston Lectures (9)
- Classical Studies Faculty Publications (9)
- Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy (9)
- Faculty Publications (9)
- History Faculty Publications (9)
- Master's Theses (9)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 721 - 750 of 2088
Full-Text Articles in Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity
Review Of Arja Karivieri (Ed.), The Early Christian Basilica Of Arethousa In Macedonia. I: Production, Consumption And Trade, Carolyn S. Snively
Review Of Arja Karivieri (Ed.), The Early Christian Basilica Of Arethousa In Macedonia. I: Production, Consumption And Trade, Carolyn S. Snively
Ancient Greek and Roman Studies Faculty Publications
This book is the first volume of a projected two-volume publication of the results of investigations in and around the basilica at the site of Paliambela near the modern village of Arethousa. It provides a great deal of valuable information about various aspects of the church and the settlement it served. The book is focused on production, consumption and trade, however, and says little about the architecture, mosaics, or liturgical implications of this intriguing church. [excerpt]
Easy Money, Elite Anxiety And Rome's First Anti-Gambling Law, Suzanne B. Faris Phd
Easy Money, Elite Anxiety And Rome's First Anti-Gambling Law, Suzanne B. Faris Phd
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
No abstract provided.
Co-Opted, Cults And The Classics: Highlighting The Magna Mater Cult In Rome, Janessa Reeves
Co-Opted, Cults And The Classics: Highlighting The Magna Mater Cult In Rome, Janessa Reeves
Honors Projects
This paper argues for a more critical approach to classics, pushing for the de-sanctification of classical antiquity and deconstruction of ‘western civilization’ as a tool able to be co-opted by white supremacist agendas. In the latter part of the paper, I demonstrate what I hope this will look like through analysis of Roman reception of the Mother of the Gods cult, known in Rome as the cult of Cybele or Magna Mater, or the Phrygian cult, and how Roman reactions to the cult reveal xenophobic sentiments and toxic masculinity within the social fabric. Throughout this work, I engage with questions …
An Analysis Of Operator Eye Behavior When Monitoring Simulated, Petrochemical Manufacturing, Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition Alerts And Warnings With Background Noise, Angela Huenerfauth
An Analysis Of Operator Eye Behavior When Monitoring Simulated, Petrochemical Manufacturing, Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition Alerts And Warnings With Background Noise, Angela Huenerfauth
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There are a number of potential distractions for operators when viewing plant status-monitoring information in a petrochemical plant: background noises of other employees speaking, sounds of manufacturing equipment and processes and other ambient noises like HVAC and building operation noise. When the monitoring equipment for a chemical or petrochemical plant is not designed to take into account that operators can be distracted by this noise, there is a potential safety hazard for the people in that work environment. Alarms can be missed and fundamental information can be overlooked. SCADA is “a type of control system that collects and displays data …
Technology Threat Avoidance Factors As Predictors Of Risky Cybersecurity Behavior Within The Enterprise, Andrew R. Gillam
Technology Threat Avoidance Factors As Predictors Of Risky Cybersecurity Behavior Within The Enterprise, Andrew R. Gillam
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recent research of information technology (IT) end-user cybersecurity-related risky behaviors has focused on items such as IT user decision-making, impulsiveness, and internet use as predictors of human cyber vulnerability. Theories which guide user human behavioral intent, such as protection motivation theory (PMT, introduced by Rogers, 1975) and technology threat avoidance theory (TTAT, introduced by Liang and Xue, 2009) have not been widely investigated as antecedents of risky cybersecurity behavior (RScB). This dissertation describes exploratory research that analyzed and evaluated PMT/TTAT factors as predictors of RScB by enterprise IT users. This work uniquely contributes to the literature by investigating associations between …
Modeling Construction Management Dynamics: A Proxy Estimation Of Percent Planned Complete, Kathleen H. Mccauley
Modeling Construction Management Dynamics: A Proxy Estimation Of Percent Planned Complete, Kathleen H. Mccauley
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The chaotic and complex nature of the construction industry and construction projects hinders maximization of productivity. Certain aspects of lean manufacturing are adaptable to construction with the goal of improving work flow reliability; for example, measuring work flow reliability by Percent Planned Complete (PPC). As more construction projects are being built with lean methodologies, it is important to bring this knowledge into the undergraduate Construction Management (CM) programs so that new graduates have relevant knowledge of emerging trends and can serve as change agents in industry. The purpose of this study was to construct a mathematical estimation of project dynamics …
An Evaluation Of A Biometric Enabled Credit Card For Providing High Authenticity Identity Proofing During The Transaction Authentication Process, Laura F. Poe
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Credit card fraud has continued to grow despite efforts to protect financial data from data breaches of financial institutions. Data breaches of financial transactional records over the past decade have impacted millions of U.S. consumers, resulting in decreased consumer confidence in security. Banking institutions losing money due to fraud are forced to raise interest rates and increase fees to their cardholders. The costs of fraud are passed to the banking institution’s customers to offset the losses. The requisite to detect and eliminate fraud before it occurs is mutually beneficial to both the banking institution and cardholders. Credit card companies continue …
Analysis Of The Effect Of An Ergonomic Improvement Program On Incident Rates In A Forklift Manufacturing/Assembly Plant, Miriah L. Cherry
Analysis Of The Effect Of An Ergonomic Improvement Program On Incident Rates In A Forklift Manufacturing/Assembly Plant, Miriah L. Cherry
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The company experienced a high volume of recordable injuries and decided it was time to implement an ergonomic program in order to drive down the number of ergonomic related injuries. The ergonomics program was implemented in mid-2016 and positively impacted the company’s incident rate. Due to the high ergonomic related incident rate the company had in 2016, the decision was made to implement an ergonomic improvement program in 2017. The goal is to determine the effectiveness of the ergonomics improvement program. This project consists of the study of data before and after the implementation as well as a review of …
Quality Assessment Of Conventional And Electric Vehicles In Terms Of Fuel Economy, Annual Fuel Cost, And Maintenance, Kay Rand Morgan
Quality Assessment Of Conventional And Electric Vehicles In Terms Of Fuel Economy, Annual Fuel Cost, And Maintenance, Kay Rand Morgan
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Today, automotive industries and their consumers are demanding more information on electric vehicles in response to the ongoing transportation transition from conventional to electric vehicles (EVs), the problems of greenhouse gas emissions from conventional vehicles (CVs) and fossil fuel usage, and interests in green energy production and the overall environmental health of this world. This study identified four variables - fuel economy (FE), annual fuel cost (AFC), maintenance frequency (f), and maintenance intensity (I) - and used comparative statistical quality assessment and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), a reliability management tool, for data analysis comparing conventional and electric vehicles. …
The Iconography Of The Gold And Silver Coinage Of Philip Ii Of Macedon And Alexander The Great, Nisha N. Ramracha
The Iconography Of The Gold And Silver Coinage Of Philip Ii Of Macedon And Alexander The Great, Nisha N. Ramracha
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The history of Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great has been tremendously studied through ancient sources and archaeology. One approach has been through numismatics: a comprehensive study of currency in the form of coins and additional media for transactions, trade, payment and otherwise. This form of research gives scholars an economic perspective on the lives and campaigns of these renowned Macedonian Argead kings through statistical calculations in the form of weights, di-axes, ascertaining inauguration dates as well as appraisal of metals such as gold, silver and bronze in ancient economies, and deducing the locations of mints and various …
The Implementation Of A Systematic Method For Identifying The Root Causes Of Manufacturing Negative Process Yield In A North American Fastener Manufacturing Facility, Bradley J. Venable
The Implementation Of A Systematic Method For Identifying The Root Causes Of Manufacturing Negative Process Yield In A North American Fastener Manufacturing Facility, Bradley J. Venable
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Negative process yield is an unexplained expense that does have a significant impact on profits. As like most other manufacturing processes, there are multiple processing operations that a finished good can be exposed to during the course of the entire process. Negative process yield can occur during these known operations but without accurate reporting and data collection, it becomes a moot point. In order to investigate this unexplainable phenomena properly, understanding of what could possibly cause this from occurring must be achieved. In the case of the North American fastener manufacturing plant, missing pieces that are not accounted for through …
Newsletter 2018/19.4: Pacific Division, Anthony Preus
Newsletter 2018/19.4: Pacific Division, Anthony Preus
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
SAGP Panel at the Pacific Division of the American Philosophical Association, April 17, 2019, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
“I See” Said The Blind Man; “I Know” Said Oedipus: An Analysis Of Physical And Metaphysical Sight Through Greek Tragedy And Philosophy, Emma Barlow
Honors Bachelor of Arts
Sight in the ancient world is best understood through Greek tragedy and philosophy. There is a certain duality of sight that is present in tragedy – physical and metaphysical. Physical sight is represented through “vision” and “sight” itself. Metaphysical sight is represented through “knowing” and “understanding”. Physical and metaphysical sight do not necessarily need each other, but the combination of the two results in higher wisdom, something that is sought by one of the most prominent figures in Greek tragedy, Oedipus. In fact, Oedipus Tyrannus, Heracles, and Prometheus Bound best exemplify the duality of sight in tragedy. The seers in …
The Transactions Of Mortal Coil: Hellenic Meaning In The Suffering Of The Iliad And The Oresteia, Stephen L. Bothwell
The Transactions Of Mortal Coil: Hellenic Meaning In The Suffering Of The Iliad And The Oresteia, Stephen L. Bothwell
Honors Bachelor of Arts
The meaning of suffering is enigmatic. To grasp at it cosmologically, I examine both Archaic and Classical Greek views of suffering via their primary literature and culture. Homer’s Iliad reveals the transactionality of suffering as it is embedded in the heroic code through an analysis of the Glaucus-Diomedes exchange. An investigation of Achilles’ development portrays both the Homeric system that equates honor and suffering and the unquantifiable suffering that critiques said system. Meanwhile, a study of Aeschylus’ Oresteia exhibits the interrelation of suffering and learning in Zeus’ law. The progression of the trilogy displays an accruement of wisdom by means …
Reevaluating The Nika Riot & Placing It In Conversation With The Antioch Riot Of 387, Ty Richer
Reevaluating The Nika Riot & Placing It In Conversation With The Antioch Riot Of 387, Ty Richer
Honors Bachelor of Arts
The reign of the Byzantine emperor Justinian, from 527 to 565, despite its many high points and achievements, was a struggle for him and his people. One of his most famous, or infamous, challenges was during the Nika riots. During this time Justinian sees the people of Constantinople attempt to crown a usurper as emperor instead of him. As Justinian convened with his advisors, hiding from the mob in his palace, one question must have rung true in his mind: how did this happen? This presentation answers this question while also giving an overview to the time and the people …
Reevaluating The Nika Riot & Placing It In Conversation With The Antioch Riot Of 387, Ty A. Richer
Reevaluating The Nika Riot & Placing It In Conversation With The Antioch Riot Of 387, Ty A. Richer
Honors Bachelor of Arts
The reign of the Byzantine emperor Justinian, from 527 to 565, despite its many high points and achievements, was a struggle for him and his people. One of his most famous, or infamous, challenges was during the Nika riots. During this time Justinian sees the people of Constantinople attempt to crown a usurper as emperor instead of him. As Justinian convened with his advisors, hiding from the mob in his palace, one question must have rung true in his mind: how did this happen? This presentation answers this question while also giving an overview to the time and the people …
Comparing Ancient To Modern: How Ancient Greece And Rome Provide Insight For Citizenship And Immigration In The 21st Century, Viktoria Schumacher
Comparing Ancient To Modern: How Ancient Greece And Rome Provide Insight For Citizenship And Immigration In The 21st Century, Viktoria Schumacher
Honors Bachelor of Arts
I believe that when searching for solutions to current migration crises and problems with the US immigration system, we must turn to ancient examples. The Ancient Greeks provided examples of both what not to do and what to do when faced with mass migration and a sudden increase in the population of citizens. Additionally, Ancient Rome demonstrated a necessity for a clear definition of citizenship and multiple mechanisms for its extension. The United States has struggled to establish a system which retains exclusivity while still providing assistance in the wake of large groups of displaced people. Ideas from Ancient Greece …
Greek Tragedy At Marion Correctional: An Exploration Of Directing Theatre In Prison, Elise G. Woods
Greek Tragedy At Marion Correctional: An Exploration Of Directing Theatre In Prison, Elise G. Woods
Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects
In this project, I describe and analyze forces of freedom and coercion through the process of directing Trojan Women by Euripides at Marion Correctional Institution. This analysis documents each stage of the theatrical process—from project proposal to final performance and discussion—through ethnographic, arts-based research using personal observations, primary accounts from performers and audience members, and secondary sources. By exploring the experience of directing Trojan Women in the prison setting, I analyze forces of coercion and freedom in both theatre-making practices and prison. As a result, I assert the uniquely positive aspects and productive utilization's of coercion through theatre in a …
Vergil's Aeneid: The Cornerstone Of Roman Identity, Makyra Williamson
Vergil's Aeneid: The Cornerstone Of Roman Identity, Makyra Williamson
Tenor of Our Times
This paper traces Vergil's account in the Aeneid and the way he uses his narrative to mold the public perception of Rome's identity.
Orpheus And Women On 5th Century Bce Vases, Samantha Burton
Orpheus And Women On 5th Century Bce Vases, Samantha Burton
Honors Thesis
In Greek myth, Orpheus is a musician with incredible talent, his music so beautiful that it charmed the beasts and guardians of the Underworld, and eventually Persephone and Hades themselves, into allowing his dead wife Eurydice to returning to the living realm. When he defied their singular rule of not turning to look back at her and she was then banished to the Underworld forever, Orpheus returned to the mortal realm, began to worship Helios instead of Dionysus, and was promptly killed by Thracian women sent by Dionysus. Alternatively, it has been told that Orpheus, wrought with heartbreak, could not …
A Typological And Iconographic Analysis Of Macedonian Burials In The Classical And Early Hellenistic Period (5th-Mid 3rd Centuries Bce), Ann Haverkost
A Typological And Iconographic Analysis Of Macedonian Burials In The Classical And Early Hellenistic Period (5th-Mid 3rd Centuries Bce), Ann Haverkost
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Much of what we know of ancient cultures comes from burials, and this is also true in Macedonia. Yet, little is known about Classical Macedonian culture outside of the nobility, and even less is known about what they thought of death. This project analyzes funerary images from Macedonia during the Classical and early Hellenistic periods (5th- mid 3rd century BCE) with three questions in mind. First, are there specific motifs that are more prevalent? Second, is there a change in motifs over time? Third, how are these images similar to and different from images in Greece and …
What Was So Attractive In Artemis/Diana Worship, And What Was The Rationale For Christians Not To Follow Pagan Ideology?, Georg Filippou
What Was So Attractive In Artemis/Diana Worship, And What Was The Rationale For Christians Not To Follow Pagan Ideology?, Georg Filippou
Seminary Scholarship Symposium
The last few decades of archaeological research in Ephesus have revealed new insights into the context of Paul’s writings. In the past many commentators have assumed that the Artemis cult was sex-saturated at the time of Paul, and therefore interpreted the biblical texts from that perspective. However, more recent scholarship has suggested the opposite. Mystery religions elevated the status of women. In the creation narrative of Artemis, the woman was born first. In refraining from everything that is part of a marriage, women could reach salvation. It is therefore not surprising that Paul addressed issues connected to women (creation, marriage, …
Sagp Newsletter 2018/19.2, Anthony Preus
Sagp Newsletter 2018/19.2, Anthony Preus
The Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy Newsletter
Announcement of the 2019 meeting of the Society for Ancient Greek Philosophy with the Eastern Division of the American Philosophical Association.
The Christianization Of Judith: Considering The Hieronymian Translation Of Liber Iudith And Jerome’S Christianizing Agenda, Brody Van Roekel
The Christianization Of Judith: Considering The Hieronymian Translation Of Liber Iudith And Jerome’S Christianizing Agenda, Brody Van Roekel
The Hilltop Review
I will consider Jerome’s translation using gendered analysis while considering carefully how hints of his own preoccupations and Christianizing agendas can be found within. In Liber Iudith, Jerome gives a night’s work to a text illustrating the story of the Hebrew widow Judith single-handedly overcoming the seemingly unassailable Assyrians. Comparing Jerome’s translation to the earlier Septuagint text, a number of significant departures can be located. These departures demonstrate Jerome’s conception of proper Christian widowhood, related too to his qualms with femininity. The Hieronymian changes then appear to be both culturally-motivated and implemented in response to the demands of an …
Summary Report On The 2019 Season, Mark Schuler
Summary Report On The 2019 Season, Mark Schuler
Excavation Reports
The purpose of the 2019 season was to revisit and document for a second time the excavation area to compose a comprehensive descriptive narrative.
Οἶκοι To Monastery: An Interpretative Possibility For The Northeast Insulae At Antiochia Hippos, Mark Schuler
Οἶκοι To Monastery: An Interpretative Possibility For The Northeast Insulae At Antiochia Hippos, Mark Schuler
Papers and Presentations
No abstract provided.
A Merely Comic Conclusion: A Comparative Analysis Of Xenophon’S Spartan Constitution, Conor Hogan
A Merely Comic Conclusion: A Comparative Analysis Of Xenophon’S Spartan Constitution, Conor Hogan
CMC Senior Theses
In this paper, I hope to do a small part to bridge the gap that has emerged in this scholarly debate between the historicist and Straussian views of Spartan society. To that end, this paper will analyze the Spartan Constitution according to the Straussian method. That is, I will engage in a close reading of the text, only referencing outside, secondary sources directly when necessary and appropriate. In other cases, their views will simply color this analysis and be referenced as supporting evidence in footnotes. Strauss chose to have only a superficial interaction with the existing scholarship at the time …
Myrrha Now: Reimagining Classic Myth And Mary Zimmerman's Metamorphoses In The #Metoo Era, Claire A. Pukszta
Myrrha Now: Reimagining Classic Myth And Mary Zimmerman's Metamorphoses In The #Metoo Era, Claire A. Pukszta
Scripps Senior Theses
This paper represents the final culmination of a theater senior project. The project consisted of an analytical research paper, performance in a mainstage department production, and supporting process documentation. I portrayed Myrrha, Hunger, Zeus, and others in a production of the play Metamorphoses.
Through research on Mary Zimmerman’s 1998 play Metamorphoses, adapted from the works of Roman poet Ovid, this thesis grapples with the historical meaning of the myth of Myrrha. A polarizing figure, Myrrha was cursed to fall in lust with her father. By exploring of portrayals sexual assault onstage, I tackle themes of audience relationships to …
Blended With The Savior: Gregory Of Nyssa's Eucharistic Pharmacology In The Catechetical Oration, John David Penniman
Blended With The Savior: Gregory Of Nyssa's Eucharistic Pharmacology In The Catechetical Oration, John David Penniman
Faculty Journal Articles
Humankind, for Gregory of Nyssa, was poisoned through a primordial act of eating the forbidden fruit from the Garden of Eden. As a result, the toxin of sin and death has been blended into the body and soul of each person, dispersing itself throughout the component parts of their nature. If eating and drinking initiated the spiritual and physical degradation of humanity, Gregory argues, then it must also be through eating and drinking—namely, through the Eucharist—that humanity will be healed. This article proposes that Gregory's instruction on the Eucharist in his Catechetical Oration should be understood as more than merely …
Worldwide Waters: Laurasian Flood Myths And Their Connections, Logan A. Mcdonald
Worldwide Waters: Laurasian Flood Myths And Their Connections, Logan A. Mcdonald
Honors College Theses
In various cultures, stories of great floods have arisen, and many scholars agree that the writers of these stories based their accounts on an actual flooding event. However, these narratives vary in characters, plot, and even their meaning to each culture. This thesis examines several Laurasian flood narratives, perhaps the most ancient narratives in Western literature, including those of the Egyptian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Sumerian, and Israeli cultures. These civilizations all rose and existed in close proximity to one another, which makes the historicity of a flooding event more probable. A structural examination of the narratives and a comparison of their …