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Articles 3751 - 3780 of 109960

Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

A Greek Inscription From The Church At Ḥorbat Ḥadat (Pp. 121–126), Leah Di Segni Jan 2025

A Greek Inscription From The Church At Ḥorbat Ḥadat (Pp. 121–126), Leah Di Segni

'Atiqot

A three-line Greek inscription was uncovered in the church at Ḥorbat Ḥadat, set within the mosaic pavement of the nave, at the foot of the bema. The inscription includes a unique quotation from Psalms and an invocation to Christ. The inscription is dated to the fifth century CE, most likely in its second half, based on the shape of the letters.

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A Byzantine-Period Church At Ḥorbat Ḥadat (Hebrew, Pp. 93*–118*; English Summary, Pp. 141–143), Uzi ‘Ad, Orit Segal, Oren Shmueli, Rudolph Cohen Jan 2025

A Byzantine-Period Church At Ḥorbat Ḥadat (Hebrew, Pp. 93*–118*; English Summary, Pp. 141–143), Uzi ‘Ad, Orit Segal, Oren Shmueli, Rudolph Cohen

'Atiqot

Excavations at Ḥorbat Ḥadat revealed a church paved with colorful mosaic floors. Two phases of construction were discerned: an early phase, comprising a basilica-type church and a complex of adjacent rooms; and a later phase, when the plan of the church was altered and reduced in size. The construction of the church is dated according to a Greek inscription in a mosaic floor to the second half of the fifth century CE. It is plausible that the church belonged to a large agricultural monastery that was in use from the mid-fifth or early sixth century through the seventh or mid-eighth …

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Roman-Period Wall Paintings From The Western Quarter At Gamla (Pp. 83–120), Yoav Farhi, Lena Naama Sharabi Jan 2025

Roman-Period Wall Paintings From The Western Quarter At Gamla (Pp. 83–120), Yoav Farhi, Lena Naama Sharabi

'Atiqot

The colored wall-painting fragments presented in this article were retrieved from the Western Quarter at Gamla. The fragments are of excellent quality, most of them colored red, yellow-ochre and green, often bordered by black or red bands. Several patterns were noticed among the fragments: molding and marble imitations, geometric patterns, meanders, vegetation, thin pilasters and decorative borders. These fresco and secco fragments complement the previously published stucco fragments from Gamla and serve an important role in the reconstruction of the decorative schemes of the houses.

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The Coins From The City Of David (‘Ir David), Siloam Road (Hebrew, Pp. 89*–91*; English Summary, P. 140), Donald T. Ariel Jan 2025

The Coins From The City Of David (‘Ir David), Siloam Road (Hebrew, Pp. 89*–91*; English Summary, P. 140), Donald T. Ariel

'Atiqot

The excavation in the southeastern part of the City of David yielded 27 coins, 20 of which were identified. All the coins are made of bronze and were minted in Jerusalem. They were all dated to the last 110 years before the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, the latest dating from “Year 4” of the First Jewish Revolt (69/70 CE).

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Radiocarbon Dating Of The Plaster Of Siloam Pool In The City Of David (Pp. 79–81), Elisabetta Boaretto Jan 2025

Radiocarbon Dating Of The Plaster Of Siloam Pool In The City Of David (Pp. 79–81), Elisabetta Boaretto

'Atiqot

Plaster samples were collected from the outer face of the dam wall of the Siloam Pool in the City of David. The age obtained corresponds to the Persian and Hellenistic periods. The discrepancy between this date and the date based on the archaeological material and stratigraphy (seventh century–586 BCE) is currently difficult to explain.

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A Second Temple Period Registration Tag From The City Of David (‘Ir David), Siloam Road (Hebrew, Pp. 87*–88*; English Summary, P. 139), Ronny Reich Jan 2025

A Second Temple Period Registration Tag From The City Of David (‘Ir David), Siloam Road (Hebrew, Pp. 87*–88*; English Summary, P. 139), Ronny Reich

'Atiqot

The excavation in the southeastern part of the City of David yielded a body fragment of a clay jar bearing a Hebrew inscription. The inscription seems to represent the agricultural produce of dried figs, probably from one of the many agricultural farms that existed around Jerusalem in the late Second Temple period.

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A Scarab And Two Scaraboids From Ḥorbat ʻAlona (Khirbat El-‘Alawina) (Pp. 75–78), Ianir Milevski Jan 2025

A Scarab And Two Scaraboids From Ḥorbat ʻAlona (Khirbat El-‘Alawina) (Pp. 75–78), Ianir Milevski

'Atiqot

One scarab and two scaraboids were found in the excavation at Ḥorbat ʻAlona. The scarab is adorned with the well-known ʻnude goddess’ pattern, probably originating in an MB IIB building. The two scaraboids are very eroded; they were found out of context and therefore, are impossible to date.

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The City Of David (‘Ir David), Siloam Road: A Plastered Pool Adjacent To The Siloam Pool (Hebrew, Pp. 71*–86*; English Summary, Pp. 137–138), Zvi Greenhut, Gabriel Mazor Jan 2025

The City Of David (‘Ir David), Siloam Road: A Plastered Pool Adjacent To The Siloam Pool (Hebrew, Pp. 71*–86*; English Summary, Pp. 137–138), Zvi Greenhut, Gabriel Mazor

'Atiqot

In the excavation conducted east of the Siloam Pool, a plastered pool was partially exposed along a segment of the outer face of the dam wall. The pool was dated, based on the plaster that coated it and the pottery and coins retrieved from its foundations, to the later part of the first century CE. These findings attest that the pool was constructed during the Great Revolt, probably in its last year, and was in use for a short time only.

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The Middle Bronze Age Pottery Of Ḥorbat ‘Alona (Khirbat El-‘Alawina) (Pp. 47–73), Lilly Gershuny Jan 2025

The Middle Bronze Age Pottery Of Ḥorbat ‘Alona (Khirbat El-‘Alawina) (Pp. 47–73), Lilly Gershuny

'Atiqot

Excavations at Ḥorbat ‘Alona yielded an extensive assemblage of Middle Bronze Age pottery, representing various vessel shapes typical of the period. The most prominent vessel types are the store jars/pithoi and the open bowls. Given the rural character of the site, it is only natural that utilitarian shapes predominate.

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Ḥorbat ‘Illin Taḥtit: A Late Early Bronze Age Ia–B Settlement In The Bet Shemesh Region (Pp. 1–46), Ron Be’Eri, Yitzhak Paz, Nuha Agha, Anat Cohen-Weinberger, Ariel Vered Jan 2025

Ḥorbat ‘Illin Taḥtit: A Late Early Bronze Age Ia–B Settlement In The Bet Shemesh Region (Pp. 1–46), Ron Be’Eri, Yitzhak Paz, Nuha Agha, Anat Cohen-Weinberger, Ariel Vered

'Atiqot

The excavation conducted at Ḥorbat ‘Illin Taḥtit (Lower) revealed the fringes of the previously excavated Early Bronze Age settlement at the site. A large residential structure, comprising two adjoining rooms and a large courtyard, was uncovered, as well as another, partially preserved structure, which was separated from it by an alleyway. Almost all the excavation loci contained a mixture of EB IA and EB IB pottery types. A small assemblage of knapped flint artifacts was unearthed; they were well-preserved and homogenous in composition. The small assemblage of faunal remains points to an economy based on sheep, goat and cattle. The …

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Remains Of Rural Settlements From The Middle Bronze Age, The Late Iron Age And The Persian Period, And Terrace Walls From The Late Byzantine And Islamic Periods At Ḥorbat ‘Alona (Khirbal El-Alawina) (With Contributions By Alon De Groot, Hamoudi Khalaily And Rina Bankierer) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–70*; Pp. 127–136), Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah Jan 2025

Remains Of Rural Settlements From The Middle Bronze Age, The Late Iron Age And The Persian Period, And Terrace Walls From The Late Byzantine And Islamic Periods At Ḥorbat ‘Alona (Khirbal El-Alawina) (With Contributions By Alon De Groot, Hamoudi Khalaily And Rina Bankierer) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–70*; Pp. 127–136), Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah

'Atiqot

The remains of a rural settlement from Middle Bronze Age IIB were uncovered at the site, comprising two types of residential structures: the ‘courtyard house’ and the ‘terraced house.’ The pottery assemblage is typologically homogeneous. The economy of the villagers was apparently based on agricultural crops, which were cultivated in the valley of Naḥal Soreq. At the end of the Iron Age–beginning of the Persian period, a rural settlement continued to exist at the site, which was part of Jerusalem’s agricultural hinterland. A large building of the ‘three-room house’ type was exposed, as well as three other adjacent buildings. Most …

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Front Matter, Editorial Board Jan 2025

Front Matter, Editorial Board

'Atiqot

No abstract provided.

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Ottoman Tobacco Pipes From Khan Et-Tujjar (Pp. 263–270), Anastasia Shapiro Jan 2025

Ottoman Tobacco Pipes From Khan Et-Tujjar (Pp. 263–270), Anastasia Shapiro

'Atiqot

Nine clay pipes and one marble pipe were unearthed in the marketplace unearthed southeast of the Ottoman-period citadel northwest of Khan et-Tujjar. The pipes include specimens spanning the entire period of their manufacture and use in the Levant, between the beginning of the seventeenth and the early twentieth century CE.

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Fauna Remains From The Marketplace At Khan Et-Tujjar (Hebrew, Pp. 57*–62*; English Summary, P. 276), Nimrod Marom Jan 2025

Fauna Remains From The Marketplace At Khan Et-Tujjar (Hebrew, Pp. 57*–62*; English Summary, P. 276), Nimrod Marom

'Atiqot

The salvage excavation near Khan et-Tujjar yielded a small assemblage of animal bones originating in the marketplace that operated at the site from the late Mamluk to the late Ottoman periods. The assemblage is too small to draw conclusions regarding meat consumption at the Khan et-Tujjar marketplace; however, it seems that most of the meat came from cattle and sheep. Several vertebrae exhibit a split along their length, indicating carving by an expert butcher.

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A Mamluk- And Ottoman-Period Marketplace At Khan Et-Tujjar (Hebrew, Pp. 37*–56*; English Summary, Pp. 274–275), Edna Dalali-Amos Jan 2025

A Mamluk- And Ottoman-Period Marketplace At Khan Et-Tujjar (Hebrew, Pp. 37*–56*; English Summary, Pp. 274–275), Edna Dalali-Amos

'Atiqot

A salvage excavation conducted at the southeastern foot of the citadel west of Khan et-Tujjar exposed the remnants of a marketplace known from historical sources and travelers’ and explorers’ diaries, who traveled throughout Syria and Israel during the Mamluk and Ottoman periods. The lively and bustling marketplace operated weekly for centuries. The rich finds—including imported vessels from Syria, Turkey, Italy, Spain and even China—attest to an international commercial activity resembling a European fair.

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The Fauna Remains From Naḥal ‘Anava, Modi‘In (Pp. 251–262), Dana Shtainberg Finali, Ram Bouchnick Jan 2025

The Fauna Remains From Naḥal ‘Anava, Modi‘In (Pp. 251–262), Dana Shtainberg Finali, Ram Bouchnick

'Atiqot

This report presents the fauna remains from Naḥal ‘Anava, Modi‘in, retrieved from the Byzantine-period ashlar building and the Umayyad-period farmhouse. The bone assemblage from Modi‘in is dominated by numerous bone fragments, probably indicating slaughterhouse waste. The low number of cattle is remarkable, indicating local agriculture ruled by caprine herds and derived produce, e.g., milk and wool, as well as a small number of pig bones, probably indicating the ethnicity of the ancient inhabitants, either Jews or Muslims.

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A Byzantine Rural Complex With An Olive Press And An Umayyad Farmhouse On The Banks Of NahׅAl ‘Anava, Modi‘In (Pp. 199–240), Avraham S. Tendler, Hagit Torge Jan 2025

A Byzantine Rural Complex With An Olive Press And An Umayyad Farmhouse On The Banks Of NahׅAl ‘Anava, Modi‘In (Pp. 199–240), Avraham S. Tendler, Hagit Torge

'Atiqot

The excavations on the banks of Nahׅal ‘Anava, Modi‘in, unearthed the remains of a Byzantine (sixth century CE) rural agricultural estate, comprising an olive press installed in a natural cave and an ashlar building, and a later Umayyad-period farmhouse (seventh to mid-eighth centuries CE). The pottery finds reflect three architectural phases: the Byzantine-period construction phase; the collapse of the cave’s ceiling and destruction of the installations; and the Umayyad-period farmhouse.

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The Glass Finds From Naḥal ‘Anava, Modi‘In (Pp. 241–250), Tamar Winter Jan 2025

The Glass Finds From Naḥal ‘Anava, Modi‘In (Pp. 241–250), Tamar Winter

'Atiqot

The salvage excavations carried out on the banks of Naḥal ‘Anava, Modi‘in, yielded an assemblage of glass finds, all of which were free-blown and many of which were decorated. The finds are characteristic of the Byzantine–Umayyad periods, i.e., the fourth–eighth centuries CE, including bowls, bowls/beakers, bottles, lamps and windowpanes, enhancing our knowledge of the glass products used in this region.

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Evidence Of A Late Byzantine Period Earthquake And A Monastic Stable At ‘Avedat (Oboda) (With A Contribution By Yael Gorin-Rosen) (Pp. 153–197), Tali Erickson-Gini Jan 2025

Evidence Of A Late Byzantine Period Earthquake And A Monastic Stable At ‘Avedat (Oboda) (With A Contribution By Yael Gorin-Rosen) (Pp. 153–197), Tali Erickson-Gini

'Atiqot

Three excavation areas were opened in ‘Avedat National Park, revealing important evidence regarding the effects of earthquakes on the Byzantine-period occupation at the site. In Area B, near the South Church, rooms were added on the exterior of an earlier building in the early fifth century CE, next to a heavy revetment wall. The exterior of a wall covered with red-painted (dipiniti) Christian motifs was uncovered in front of a cave, pointing to its use as a stable by a monastic community. It seems that this wall underwent structural damage, probably due to the early fifth-century CE earthquake. The site …

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The Glass Vessels From The Pools Of ‘Ein El-Jarab, Ḥammat Gader (Pp. 111–141), Yael Gorin-Rosen, Natalya Katsnelson Jan 2025

The Glass Vessels From The Pools Of ‘Ein El-Jarab, Ḥammat Gader (Pp. 111–141), Yael Gorin-Rosen, Natalya Katsnelson

'Atiqot

The excavations at Ḥammat Gader yielded large quantities of glass fragments mainly dating to two periods: Late Roman/early Byzantine (fourth–early fifth centuries CE), and late Byzantine–Umayyad (seventh–mid-eighth centuries). A few fragments date to the early Abbasid period (second half of eight–early ninth century). The glass assemblage revealed the most common types: bowls, beakers, wineglasses, bottles, oil lamps and a windowpane. The similarities in form, fabrics and workmanship may point to a local glass production.

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Coins From The Pools Of ‘Ein El-Jarab, Ḥammat Gader (Pp. 143–151), Ariel Berman, Gabriela Bijovsky Jan 2025

Coins From The Pools Of ‘Ein El-Jarab, Ḥammat Gader (Pp. 143–151), Ariel Berman, Gabriela Bijovsky

'Atiqot

A total of 189 bronze coins, 52 of which were identifiable, were retrieved from the Ḥammat Gader excavations. According to the numismatic evidence, the slope east of ‘Ein el-Jarab was first settled during the second half of the fourth century CE (Straum 4). The bulk of the coins assigned to Stratum 3 date to the fourth–sixth centuries CE, the latest belonging to the Umayyad caliph al-Walid I, dated to the beginning of the eighth century CE and an Umayyad post-Reform fals. All the coins associated with Stratum 2 are Umayyad post-Reform issues, for the most part dating to the eighth …

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Byzantine- And Umayyad-Period Structures Near The Pools Of ‘Ein El-Jarab, Ḥammat Gader(Pp. 61–109), Moshe Hartal Jan 2025

Byzantine- And Umayyad-Period Structures Near The Pools Of ‘Ein El-Jarab, Ḥammat Gader(Pp. 61–109), Moshe Hartal

'Atiqot

A salvage excavation conducted east of the hot water pools of ‘Ein el-Jarab, Ḥammat Gader, revealed building remains, comprising mosaic floors and flagstone-paved plazas, dating from the end of the Late Roman (Stratum 4), Byzantine (Stratum 3) and Umayyad (Stratum 2) periods. The buildings were apparently destroyed in the earthquake of 749 CE. The site was reoccupied in the ninth century CE, during the Abbasid period (Stratum 1). It seems that the structures and the plaza served the patrons of the hot springs, possibly as dressing rooms and as therapy spaces.

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A Roman-Period Mausoleum In ‘Akko (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Pp. 43–52), Joppe Gosker Jan 2025

A Roman-Period Mausoleum In ‘Akko (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Pp. 43–52), Joppe Gosker

'Atiqot

Remains of a Roman-period mausoleum were exposed, comprising a central room flanked by three loculi on each side. A clay coffin was found in oneloculus, containing a single burial of a 15–25-year-old individual accompanied by an unusual combination of burial goods—oil lamps and glass vessels—that do not align clearly with either Jewish or pagan burial practices.

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Glass Finds From The Roman-Period Mausoleum In ‘Akko (Pp. 53–60), Yael Gorin-Rosen Jan 2025

Glass Finds From The Roman-Period Mausoleum In ‘Akko (Pp. 53–60), Yael Gorin-Rosen

'Atiqot

The glass finds from the mausoleum date to the Roman period, mainly to the second and early third centuries CE. Two special vessels were found together in the clay coffin: a kidney-like vessel and a bird-like vessel/funnel. They were used for a specific purpose—medication and chemistry or measuring and trading of specific liquids—and might point to the profession of the interred. Also found were remains of glass production, attesting to the existence of a glass workshop nearby, prior to or after the construction of the mausoleum.

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Glass Vessels From The Early Roman-Period Residence At Nein (Pp. 27*–36*; English Summary, P. 273), Yael Gorin-Rosen Jan 2025

Glass Vessels From The Early Roman-Period Residence At Nein (Pp. 27*–36*; English Summary, P. 273), Yael Gorin-Rosen

'Atiqot

A small glass assemblage was retrieved from the destruction layer of an Early Roman-period residence uncovered at Nein. To date, only a few glass assemblages originating from Early Roman-period settlement strata in the north of the country have been published, and hence its importance. The assemblage comprises an aryballos, a handled bottle, a juglet and a jug—all dated to the first or the beginning of the second century CE.

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Molluscs From The Early Bronze Age Site At Ashqelon Afridar, Area N (Pp. 39–42), Inbar Ktalav Jan 2025

Molluscs From The Early Bronze Age Site At Ashqelon Afridar, Area N (Pp. 39–42), Inbar Ktalav

'Atiqot

This report discusses 49 malacological remains excavated at Ashqelon Afridar, Area N. The finds indicate a primary use of local Mediterranean seashells, alongside a presence of Chambardia rubens from the Nile River. The exchange of Chambardia rubens during EB I coincides with Egyptian influence beginning in Early EB I and becoming fully developed in Late EB I.

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An Early Roman-Period Residence At Nein And Episodes Of The First Jewish Revolt In The Jezreel Valley (With A Contribution By Gabriela Bijovsky) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–26*; English Summary, Pp. 271–272), Fadi Abu-Zidan, Yardenna Alexandre, Danny Syon Jan 2025

An Early Roman-Period Residence At Nein And Episodes Of The First Jewish Revolt In The Jezreel Valley (With A Contribution By Gabriela Bijovsky) (Hebrew, Pp. 1*–26*; English Summary, Pp. 271–272), Fadi Abu-Zidan, Yardenna Alexandre, Danny Syon

'Atiqot

A salvage excavation in Nein revealed architectural remains of four strata: a late Hellenistic-period (first century BCE) building; a luxurious Early Roman-period residence (late first century BCE to second half of the first century CE); two Mamluk-period ṭabuns; and a late Ottoman-period cesspit and house foundations. The Early Roman-period residence yielded many finds: a rich pottery assemblage, including imported ESA bowls, glass vessels, gold earrings, a bronze bracelet, an iron housekey, a bronze pendant, gems, aucissa fibulae and faience beads. A skeleton of a woman was exposed under a layer of ash and collapsed building stones, accompanied by two gold …

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Early Bronze Age I Fauna Remains From Ashqelon Afridar, Area N (Pp. 35–38), Miriam Pines Jan 2025

Early Bronze Age I Fauna Remains From Ashqelon Afridar, Area N (Pp. 35–38), Miriam Pines

'Atiqot

An assemblage of 31 bones was recovered from Early EB I strata at Ashqelon Afridar, Area N. It displays similar characteristics to previous bone samples retrieved from the site. Age-at-death and body-part analysis revealed that the animals were butchered at all ages and utilized for different purposes.

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The Early Bronze Age Site Of Ashqelon Afridar, Area N (Pp. 1–27), Amir Golani Jan 2025

The Early Bronze Age Site Of Ashqelon Afridar, Area N (Pp. 1–27), Amir Golani

'Atiqot

The excavation in Area N exposed two occupation strata (Strata III and II) dating from Early EB I, which were heavily damaged by later Byzantine-period and modern intrusions (Stratum I). The pottery assemblage comprises three main types: bowls, holemouth jars and storage jars. The vessels are handmade, probably locally produced. Also found were a small assemblage of groundstone artifacts, one small copper-alloy awl, flint artifacts, fauna remains and molluscs. These findings are an important contribution to our understanding of the early stages of the EB I occupation at Ashqelon Afridar, also termed the ‘lost horizon’ or ‘missing link,’ in southern …

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The Flint Assemblage From Ashqelon Afridar, Area N (Pp. 29–33), Maya Oron Jan 2025

The Flint Assemblage From Ashqelon Afridar, Area N (Pp. 29–33), Maya Oron

'Atiqot

The flint assemblage recovered from the excavation at Ashqelon Afridar, Area N, is limited in size. The main diagnostic tools are the Canaanean and sickle blades, characteristic of Early Bronze Age assemblages, with very few exceptions dating to the Chalcolithic period. The appearance of Egyptian items in an early context at Ashqelon may indicate the beginning of the Egyptian influence or presence in the region during the Early Bronze Age period.

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