Engineering Science and Materials Commons^™

Measuring Arousal Through Physiological Responses To Packaging Designs: Investigating The Validity Of Electrodermal Activity As A Measure Of Arousal In A Realistic Shopping Environment, Daniel Hutcherson

All Theses

The validity of electrodermal activity is investigated in the context of packaging design evaluation as a sensitive measure of arousal. Analysts agree that purchasing decisions are subconscious and emotional decisions, contrasted against the popular belief that consumers make purely rational decisions. To understand the personal and rapid character of a consumer's purchasing decisions we must find methods of which to measure and interpret consumer reactions to various packaging designs. Focus groups are discussed as antiquated research methods and new, advanced technologies are outlined as physiological responses. Past literature displays methodological approaches to using electrodermal activity measures in consumer studies, however …

The Effect Of Applying Established Color Theory To Packaging When Visible Product And External Labels Exist Simultaneously, Rachel Randall

All Theses

Color is affected by what is around it. A color doesn't necessarily look the same when its placed against two different colored backgrounds (Ryan, William, and Theodore Conover, 2004) Oftentimes, designers are given a blank package and given the task of creating a label or package for the product. What is missing is the product, which can be an integral part of this design process. What is not yet to be determined by current packaging research is how colors work together through the product and package. One way to determine this would be through transparent bottled packages that contain external …

Improvements In Microdialysis Sampling Extraction Efficiency Using Recycled Flow, Justin Cole Deaton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Incomplete recovery during microdialysis sampling is hindering important research in neurology, proteomics, and immunology. Although the current generalized solution, decreasing volumetric flow rates (Q), has been and will remain to be a useful strategy it has reached it's a physical limitation due to evaporation at the collection site. Consequently, many important signaling molecules, such as signaling proteins, remain difficult to study. It is more fundamental to consider relative recovery as a function of the interaction time between the perfusate and the environment surrounding the probe.

In this work an increase in relative recovery was predicted by a mathematical model. Using …

Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Pure Li4Ti5O12 And Its Electrochemical Performance, Wen-Jun Xie, Yu-Shi He, Hong Wang, Xiao-Zhen Liao, Zi-Feng Ma

Journal of Electrochemistry

Spinel Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ was prepared by hydrothermal method using commercial anatase (TiO₂) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH) as raw materials. The effects of the LiOH concentration of lithium hydroxide, hydrothermal reaction time and calcination temperature on the structure and electrochemical performance of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ were investigated. The formation process of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ was also proposed. The micro-structure and morphology wereas characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM techniques, and the electrochemical performance was analyzed by galvanostatic charge-discharge test. The results show that the pure phase spinel Li₄Ti …

Synthesis And Electrochemical Performance Of Si/C Composite Modified By Pani, Guang-Hui Zhang, Pei-Kang Shen, Ge Sang, Ren-Jin Xiong

Journal of Electrochemistry

Silicon/carbon (Si/C) composite materials were prepared through high-energy ball milling and high-temperature solid-phase method, and then coated with thin polyaniline (PAni) film by oxidation. The microstructure and component of the composites were characterized by SEM, XRD, IR, TG, and the electrochemical performance was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests. The results showed that the surface of PAni/Si/G/C composite was coating with complete lamellar structure of PAni film. Its reversible capacity was 784 mAh·g^-1 and 690 mAh·g^-1 could be maintained after 50th charge-discharge cycles.

Current Development Of Quantum Dots Based Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensors, Ling-Ling Li, Qian Lu, Jun-Jie Zhu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemiluminescence exhibits the merits of both luminescence and electrochemistry analysis, and has been extensively employed in biosensors. Quantum dots are considered one of the three main kinds of electrochemiluminescence luminophores due to their unique properties. This paper briefly reviews the classification and signal amplification technology of quantum dots based electrochemiluminescence immunosensors. Future research trends are also suggested.

Electrochemical Performance Of Lifepo4/C Synthesized Via Aqueous Solution-Evaporation Route, Ning-Yu Gu, Xing-Hua He, Yang Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

The LiFePO₄/C samples have been synthesized via an aqueous solution-evaporation route with LiH₂PO₄, FeC₂O₄.2H₂O as raw materials and citric acid as a carbon source. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze structure and morphology of the samples. The electrochemical performances of the LiFePO₄/C cathodes were characterized by charge/discharge cures and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the LiFePO₄/C sample, calcined at 700 °C and contained 3.03% (by mass) carbon, exhibited a highly pure …

Synthesis And Electrocatalysis Of Pdcu Alloy Nanocrystals, Hai-Bin Wu, Rui-Zhong Zhang, Wei Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Monodispersed PdCu alloy nanoparticles were synthesized by co-reduction of Cu(acac)2 and Pd(acac)2 with 1, 2-hexadecanediol. The spherical and popcorn-like shapes of PdCu alloy nanoparticles were obtained by changing the ratios of mixed surface protecting ligands of 1-octadecene, and oleylamine or oleic acid. TEM and XRD measurements showed that both PdCu nanoparticles are alloy nanocrystals dominated with (111) planes and the average sizes are 12.7 ± 0.18 and 20.4 ± 0.31 nm for he spherical and popcorn-like PdCu nanoparticles, respectively. The electrocatalytic activities of the PdCu nanocrystals for formic acid oxidation were evaluated by electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (CV). The result showed …

Electrochemical Activities Of Oxygen-Doped Carbon Surface For V(Iv)/V(V) Redox Couple, Huan Zhang, Lin-Lin Qin, Yi-Ning Shi, Ming-Sen Zheng, Quan-Feng Dong, Zhao-Wu Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

Graphite plate electrodes were treated with oxygen plasma and doped with oxygen as well as oxygen functional groups. With the treatment, the activities of graphite plate electrodes toward VO²⁺/VO₂⁺ redox reactions were improved. FT-IR and EDS analysis results indicated that oxygen functional groups were introduced to the surface of graphite plates after oxygen plasma treatment. In this paper, the graphite plate treated for 20 min showed the highest activity. The average charge efficiency reached 91%, suggesting an increase of 19%, compared with that of the untreated graphite plate under a current density of 8 mA·cm^{-2 …}

Preparation And Catalytic Properties Of Feco Alloy Nanocatalyst, Ming-Xuan Li, Jie-Lian Ou, Sheng-Pei Chen, Peng Wang, Bin-Bin Xu, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

The FeCo alloy nanoparticles were electrodeposited on glassy carbon electrode by chronoamperometry and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the shapes of FeCo nanoparticles were cubes with an average size of 65 nm. The atom ratio of Fe and Co is 1:1. As indicated from the pattern of selected area electron diffraction (SAED), the FeCo cubic nanoparticles were single crystal which belonged to body-centered cubic with an interval of 0.201 nm referring to the (110) facets of FeCo alloy. The FeCo cubic nanoparticles exhibited the enhanced electrocatalytic …

A Comparative Study Of Ce3+/Ce4+ Redox Couple On Pt Electrode In Sulfuric Acid And Methanesulfonic Acid, Zhao-Hua Li, You-Qun Chu, Chun-An Ma

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical oxidations of Ce³⁺ to Ce⁴⁺ on Pt rotating disk electrode (RDE) in both sulfuric acid and methanesulfonic acid (MSA) solutions were studied by using cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry. The complexing behaviors of Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ were preliminarily probed and the exchange current density, diffusion coefficient, as well as reaction rate constant were obtained from Butler-Volmer equation. The activation energies of Ce³⁺ oxidation on Pt electrode in two types of acidic media, obtained from Arrhenius equation, were also compared. The results indicate that Ce³⁺ can be oxidized to Ce4+ much easier in …

Preparation And Methanol Electrooxidation Of Pt/Pmo12/Pedot/Gc Electrodes, Jing-Hua Ma, Rui-Xiang Wang, Yi-Liang Tan, Shan-Shan Wang, Yan-Qin Zhang, You-Jun Fan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Modification of phosphomolybdic acid (PMo₁₂) on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film (PEDOT/GC) obtained through the electrochemical polymerization was performed using adsorption method (PMo₁₂/PEDOT/GC), followed by electrodepositing Pt on PMo₁₂/PEDOT/GC to prepare Pt/PMo₁₂/PEDOT/GC electrode. Effects of PMo₁₂ and PEDOT on the methanol oxidation performance of electrode were investigated. Results showed that PMo₁₂ obviously changed the morphology and structure of Pt loaded on the electrode, leading to the formation of sharp thorns at the edge of Pt nanostructures. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry data demonstrated that the catalytic activities of methanol electrooxidation on the Pt/PMo …

Synthesis Of Lifepo4/C Cathode By Sol-Gel And Calcining Method With Chitosan Monomer, Jia Xu, Yan-Yan Wang, Rui Wang, Bo Wang, Yue Pan, Dian-Xue Cao, Gui-Ling Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The LiFePO₄/C cathode materials for Li-ion battery were synthesized by sol-gel and calcining method using chitosan monomer as a carbon source and a gelating agent. The structures and morphologies were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performance was investigated by the galvanostatic charge–discharge test. When the molar ratios between chitosan monomer and LiFePO₄ were 1:1.2, the LiFePO₄/C cathode calcined at 600 ^oC showed the best performance. The particle sizes ranged 200 ～ 400 nm. The initial discharge capacity of 155 mAh·g-¹ was achieved at room temperature …

Electrochemical Synthesis Of Hierarchical Dendritic Polyaniline Nanostructures, Shao-Huang Weng, Jian-Zhang Zhou, Zhong-Hua Lin, Xin-Hua Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this work, the p-TSA doped and hierarchical dendritic nanostructured polyanilines (PANI) have been prepared by potentiostatic electropolymerization without using any templates at room temperature. The mechanism of the polymerization has been discussed according to the electrodeposition curves. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to confirm the formation of uniform hierarchical dendritic structure on PANI. UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) proved that the prepared PANI is in the form of emeraldine salt. The templateless electrodeposition method is simple, easy to operate, can be applied to fabricate other nanostructures of conducting polymers.

Properties Of Carbon Coated Tin Negative Electrode For Lithium-Ion Battery, Gui-Chang Liu, Xiao-Xiao Shen, Li-Da Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Carbon coated tin power was prepared by decomposing glucose applying a hydrothermal method, and was further used as the active material for negative electrode of lithium secondary battery. Charge-discharge tests show that the carbon coated tin electrode with the addition of 5 wt.% acetylene black as a conductive agent could obtain an initial discharge capacity of 967 mAh·g^-1 and a discharge capacity of 362 mAh·g^-1 after 50 cycles, which is much higher than that of tin electrode (166 mAh·g^-1 after 50 cycles). The coated carbon hinders the agglomeration of tin powder, reduces the irreversible capacity loss of …

Performance Of Vn As Negative Electrode Materials In Electrochemical Capacitors, Zhao-Hui Gao, Hao Zhang, Gao-Ping Cao, Min-Fang Han, Yu-Sheng Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nanocrystalline vanadium nitride (VN) materials were synthesized by high temperature ammonia (NH₃) reduction of vanadium oxide (V₂O₅). The structure and morphology of VN materials were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM, while the specific surface area, pore size distribution and supercapacitive behavior by N₂ absorption, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and constant current charge-discharge measurements in 1 mol·L-1 KOH electrolyte. The results showed that the VN sample belonged to the cubic crystal system (Fm3m [225]), and had homogeneous surface and appeared nearly spherical with uniform size. As the reaction time was extended to 12 h, …

Plastic Deformation Of Astm A36 Steel Using Two-Stage Light Gas Gun, Shawoon Kumar Roy

College of Engineering: Graduate Celebration Programs

To characterize material deformation in high velocity impact. To validate material models for computation simulation purposes.

This ongoing research is an attempt to study the plastic deformation of A36 steel plate (0.5” thick) under hypervelocity impact. Plastic deformation of the target plate was simulated using finite element software LS-DYNA.

Analysis Of Bolted Joints Under Medium And High Impact Loading, Deepak Sankar Somasundaram, Mohamed Trabia, Brendan J. O'Toole

College of Engineering: Graduate Celebration Programs

• Develop test fixture for medium impact study on bolted joints
• Create FEA model that can replicate the experiment
• Develop test fixture for high impact loading
• Create FEA model and select material properties that can produce results that
  closely match experiments.
• Compare different modeling techniques for high impact loading

Numerical Characterization Of The Hydrodynamics And Thermal Behavior Of Air Flow In A "Flex-Duct" Air Distribution System, Samad Gharehdaghi, Samir Moujaes

College of Engineering: Graduate Celebration Programs

The aim of this research paper is to compute the hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of the air flow inside a flexible duct used for residential/small commercial buildings. Various new information which manufacturers do not provide usually are produced numerically among which heat transfer coefficient, needed for estimating heat loss, is a principal one. Circulation zones in depressions are found to exist. It is shown that these regions act as an insulator and decrease the heat loss along the duct. The results show that fully developed conditions exist much earlier with regard to the inlet for both hydrodynamic and thermal …

High-Resolution Correlation Spectroscopy Of 13c Spins Near A Nitrogen-Vacancy Centre In Diamond, Abdelghani Laraoui, Florian Dolde, Christian Burk, Friedemann Reinhard, Jorg Wrachtrup, Carlos A. Meriles

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Spin complexes comprising the nitrogen-vacancy centre and neighbouring spins are being considered as a building block for a new generation of spintronic and quantum information processing devices. As assembling identical spin clusters is difficult, new strategies are being developed to determine individual node structures with the highest precision. Here we use a pulse protocol to monitor the time evolution of the 13C ensemble in the vicinity of a nitrogenvacancy centre. We observe long-lived time correlations in the nuclear spin dynamics, limited by nitrogen-vacancy spin–lattice relaxation. We use the host 14N spin as a quantum register and demonstrate that hyperfine-shifted resonances …