Innovative Cross-Section Shapes For Built-Up Cfs Columns. Experimental Investigation,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Innovative Cross-Section Shapes For Built-Up Cfs Columns. Experimental Investigation, Iveta Georgieva, Luc Schueremans, Lincy Pyl, Lucie Vandewalle
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Innovative cross-section shapes for built-up columns from cold-formed steel (CFS) profiles are evaluated experimentally. The goal is to obtain highly stable members with reduced sensitivity to bucking effects and initial imperfections, and therefore, higher strength-to-weight ratios. The columns have been designed following the principles of the direct strength method [1], with the ambition to exclude (or reduce) various buckling effects from the column response to compressive loads. Cross-section proportions and bolt spacing have been adapted, in order to interfere with the distortion of individual profiles and the overall buckling of the columns. Experiments show that, through proper design and insight …
Compressive Strength Tests And Design Of Cold-Formed Plain And Dimpled Steel Columns,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Compressive Strength Tests And Design Of Cold-Formed Plain And Dimpled Steel Columns, V. B. Nquyen, C. J. Wang, D. J. Mynors, M. A. English, M. A. Castellucci
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents the experiments and design formulae of cold-formed plain and dimpled steel columns. A series of compression tests on plain and dimpled channel columns were conducted over a range of different geometries and the strength of the columns were investigated. The change in strength of the dimpled columns resulting from the cold working associated with the dimpling process was considered. The results showed that the buckling and ultimate strengths of dimpled steel columns were up to 33% and 26% greater than plain steel columns, respectively. The test results were evaluated by comparing buckling and ultimate loads of plain …
Steel Deck Institute Standards For Composite Steel Floor Deck-Slabs,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Steel Deck Institute Standards For Composite Steel Floor Deck-Slabs, Thomas Sputo
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
As an ANSI accredited standards developer, the Steel Deck Institute (SDI) has developed an updated and expanded version of its “Standard for Composite Steel Floor Deck-Slabs”, ANSI/SDI C-2011 and a new standard, “Test Standard for Composite Steel Deck-Slabs”, ANSI/SDI T-CD-2011. These two standards reflect the current state-of-the-art for the design and testing of composite steel deck-slabs where the steel deck provides the tensile reinforcement for the slab. Substantial changes in the ANSI/SDI-C-2011 Standard include increased information regarding the use of fibers for concrete crack control purposes and concrete serviceability, consideration of moving and concentrated loads, and use of updated shear …
Aisi Standards Update,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Aisi Standards Update, Helen Chen, Roger Brockenbrough, Richard Haws
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Since the publication of the 2007 editions, changes and additions have been made to AISI design and construction standards. Accordingly, new editions of the standards, or supplements to existing standards, will be published to formalize these changes. This paper provides an overview of the major changes and additions to those standards.
Shear Strength Of Hollow Flange Channel Beams With Stiffened Web Openings,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Shear Strength Of Hollow Flange Channel Beams With Stiffened Web Openings, P. Keerthan, M. Mahendran
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This LiteSteel beam (LSB) is a new cold-formed steel hollow flange channel section produced using a patented manufacturing process involving simultaneous cold-forming and dual electric resistance welding. The LSBs are commonly used as floor joists and bearers with web openings in buildings. Their shear strengths are considerably reduced when web openings are included for the purpose of locating building services. Shear tests of LSBs with web openings have shown that there is up to 60% reduction in the shear capacity. Hence there is a need to improve the shear capacity of LSBs with web openings. A cost effective way to …
Push Tests On Innovative Shear Connector For Composite Beam With Cold-Formed Steel Section,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Push Tests On Innovative Shear Connector For Composite Beam With Cold-Formed Steel Section, S. O. Bamaga, M. M. Tahir, C. S. Tan
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In this study, experimental tests were conducted to investigate the ductility and strength capacity of new shear connector. Push test specimens were prepared and tested according to EN1994-1-1 standard. The push test specimen consists of two cold-formed steel lipped channel sections oriented back-to-back to form an I-section beam, transverse metal deck and normal concrete slabs grade C25/30. Angle brackets were obtained from the same section of the beam and fastened to the web of steel beam to provide the shear connection. Two shear connectors were tested namely; “SC1” and “SC2” shear connectors. Both shear connectors showed a ductile behavior and …
Direct Strength Design Of Metal Building Wall And Roof Systems - Through-Fastened Simple Span Girts And Purlins With Laterally Unbraced Compression Flanges,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Direct Strength Design Of Metal Building Wall And Roof Systems - Through-Fastened Simple Span Girts And Purlins With Laterally Unbraced Compression Flanges, Tian Gao, Cristopher D. Moen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A Direct Strength Method (DSM) prediction approach is introduced and validated for metal building wall and roof systems constructed with steel panels through-fastened with screws to girts or purlins. The focus is capacity prediction for simple spans under wind uplift or suction, however the DSM framework is generally formulated to accommodate gravity loads, continuous spans, standing seam roofs, and insulated roof and wall systems in the future. System flexural capacity is calculated with the usual DSM approach – global buckling, local global buckling interaction, and distortional buckling strengths are determined with a finite strip eigen-buckling analysis including a rotational spring …
Using Generalized Beam Theory (Gbt) To Assess The Buckling Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Systems,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Using Generalized Beam Theory (Gbt) To Assess The Buckling Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Systems, Cilmar Basaglia, Dinar Camotim
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper deals with the application of beam finite element models based on Generalized Beam Theory (GBT) to analyze the buckling behavior of three cold-formed steel structural systems, namely (i) beams belonging to storage rack systems, (ii) portal frames built from rectangular hollow section (RHS) profiles and (iii) roof-supporting trusses, exhibiting different support conditions and subjected to various loadings. In particular, taking advantage of the GBT unique and structurally clarifying modal features, it is possible to assess how different geometries and/or bracing arrangements affect (improve) the local, distortional and/or global buckling behavior of the above structural systems. The accuracy of …
Investigation Of Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Sheeting Systems In Fire Using Finite Element Modeling,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Investigation Of Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Sheeting Systems In Fire Using Finite Element Modeling, W. Lu, P. Mäkeläinen, J. Outinen, Z. Ma
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A 3D Finite Element (FE) model of steel sheeting, which includes the screw connector and support plate, is created to investigate the behavior of both steel sheeting and connections at elevated temperatures. The created model considers the material nonlinearity, large deformation and contact behavior. The material damage model for sheeting steel is defined so that the FE model is analyzed through the elastic and plastic ranges up to failure. The FE model is used to predict the ultimate resistance and deformation. The current FE model captures the main behavior of steel roof systems well up to around 20 minutes according …
Active Shear Planes In Block Shear Failure Of Bolted Connections,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Active Shear Planes In Block Shear Failure Of Bolted Connections, Drew D. A. Clements, Lip H. Teh
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In the AISI Specification for the Design of Cold-formed Steel Structural Members 2007, there are two types of shear planes used to determine the resistance of a bolted connection to block shear failure. When the block shear failure occurs by shear yielding and tensile rupture, the shear failure plane is taken to be the gross shear plane. Conversely, when the block shear failure is deemed to occur by simultaneous shear and tensile ruptures, the shear failure plane is assumed to be the net shear plane. Such an approach is not logical since the shear failure planes should be unique irrespective …
Prediction Of Joint Temperatures In Shot-Nailed Cold-Formed Steel Sheeting With Finite Element Modelling,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Prediction Of Joint Temperatures In Shot-Nailed Cold-Formed Steel Sheeting With Finite Element Modelling, Z. Ma, W. Lu, P. Mäkeläinen, J. Outinen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper investigates the 3D temperature fields of the shot-nailed steel roof sheeting joints in fire using commercial Finite Element (FE) software ABAQUS when the connected members and connections are protected by either intumescent paint or rockwool panels. Numerical models and parameters used in the models are briefly introduced. When expanded in fire, both thickness and thermal conductivity are varied with increased temperatures. The simplified representation of intumescent paint is described. Parametric analyses are performed in order to investigate the sensitivity of the parameters of thermal contacts. When the joints are protected with rockwool panels, the approximate cavity radiation method …
Modal Identification Of Cold-Formed Steel Members In Shell Finite Element Models,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Modal Identification Of Cold-Formed Steel Members In Shell Finite Element Models, Z. Li, S. Ádány, B. W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper illustrates new capabilities for modal identification of shell Finite Element Method (FEM) models of thin-walled cold-formed steel members. The separation of general deformations into fundamental buckling deformation classes: local, distortional, global, shear, and transverse extension, originated with the constrained Finite Strip Method (cFSM) and is extended here to shell element based FEM analysis. The cFSM base vectors for general end boundary conditions, previously developed by the authors, provide a series of general base functions capable of separating displacements into classes. FEM displacements are identified by minimizing error between the actual FEM displacements and those predicted by the cFSM …
Analytical Model For Cold-Formed Steel Framed Shear Wall With Steel Sheet Sheathing,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Analytical Model For Cold-Formed Steel Framed Shear Wall With Steel Sheet Sheathing, Noritsugu Yanagi, Cheng Yu
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The cold-formed steel framed shear wall sheathed with steel sheet sheathing (CFS-SSSW) is a code approved lateral force resisting system for light framed construction. The AISI Steel Framing Standards – Lateral Design (AISI S213-07) provides design provisions for CFS-SSSW. The development of the nominal strength of CFS-SSSW in AISI S213 was based on full-scale experiments which were subjected to limitations in both wall configurations and material properties. This paper presents an analytical model – the Effective Strip Model developed for predicting the nominal strength of CFS-SSSWs. The proposed analytical model and supporting design equations are further verified by experimental results. …
The Effects Of Bolt Pretension, In-Plane Eccentricity, And Friction On The Ductility Of Block Shear Connections,
2012
University of Connecticut
The Effects Of Bolt Pretension, In-Plane Eccentricity, And Friction On The Ductility Of Block Shear Connections, Kevin M. Zmetra
Master's Theses
Block shear is a complex failure mechanism in bolted and welded steel components such as gusset plates, webs of coped beams, angles and tees. It presumes a combination of tension rupture and shear yield. Multiple variables affect the block shear capacity and ductility of a connection. This study investigates the effects of bolt pretension, connection eccentricity and friction force transfer through a series of destructive experiments followed by refined finite element simulation. Clamping forces create a complex triaxial stress field compounded by the stress concentration at the bolt holes. In-plane load eccentricity with respect to the centerline of the connection …
Cold-Forming Effect Investigation On Cold-Formed Thick-Walled Steel Hollow Sections,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Cold-Forming Effect Investigation On Cold-Formed Thick-Walled Steel Hollow Sections, Y. Q. Li, D. H. Wen, L. P. Wang, Z. Y. Shen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Gypsum Partition Walls On The Seismic Response Of A Medical Facility,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Effects Of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Gypsum Partition Walls On The Seismic Response Of A Medical Facility, Ryan Davies, Rodrigo Retamales, Gilberto Mosqueda, Andre Filiatrault, Don Allen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The first experimental phase of the NEES Nonstructural Grand Challenge Project: “Simulation of the Seismic Performance of Nonstructural Systems” investigated the in-plane hysteretic behaviors of thirty-six full-scale cold-formed steel framed gypsum partition walls. Results of quasi-static reverse cyclic and dynamic testing on sixteen wall configurations including walls with commercial and institutional construction details and innovative connection techniques are first briefly reviewed. Thereafter, six tri-linear hysteretic models of partition walls with pinching behavior and strength and stiffness degradation are developed based on the experimental data for use in a finite element analysis platform. The partition wall models, represented by shear spring …
The Influence Of The Aspect Ratio On The Lateral Response Of The Sheathed Cold Formed Steel Walls,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
The Influence Of The Aspect Ratio On The Lateral Response Of The Sheathed Cold Formed Steel Walls, O. Iuorio, L. Fiorino, V. Macillo, M. T. Terracciano, R. Landolfo
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The influence of the aspect ratio on the lateral response of cold formed steel walls is analyzed by three design methodologies. In particular the prediction provided by the AISI Lateral Design, that is at the moment the main document for the design of CFS buildings under horizontal loads, is compared with the results obtained by applying the principles of mechanics and with those provided by non-linear finite element models. This paper presents and discusses in terms of strength and stiffness the validity of the different design methodologies in case of non-conventional wall aspect ratios comparing the numerical results with available …
Characterizaiton Of Cold-Formed Steel Shear Wall Behavior Under Cyclic Loading For The Cfs-Nees Building,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Characterizaiton Of Cold-Formed Steel Shear Wall Behavior Under Cyclic Loading For The Cfs-Nees Building, P. Liu, K. D. Peterman, C. Yu, B. W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The objective of this paper is to provide a full hysteretic characterization of OSB sheathed cold-formed steel (CFS) shear walls designed for use in the National Science Foundation funded Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) project: CFS-NEES (www.ce.jhu.edu/cfsnees). The shear walls were designed for a two-story ledger-framed building (i.e., the CFS-NEES building) that will undergo full-scale shake table testing at the University of Buffalo NEES site. Shear walls in real construction, such as the CFS-NEES building, have details that differ from the shear walls tested and provided for strength prediction in standards such as AISI-S213-07. Differences include: (a) ledger (rim …
Design Capacity Determination Assisted By Testing Based On Lrfd Method,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Design Capacity Determination Assisted By Testing Based On Lrfd Method, Y. Q. Li, L. P. Wang, Z. Y. Shen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In some special circumstances of structural design, adequate calculation models are not available in current specifications or they cannot be used directly for new materials or structural configurations. In these cases, tests of the prototype units may be accepted as an alternative to calculation. If this alternative procedure is adopted, corresponding requirements and evaluation of test results should apply. In this paper, a complete procedure of determining the design capacity of the test specimens based on statistical analysis and Load and resistance factor design (LRFD) method was presented: characteristic value of experimental resistance was obtained from the minimum value of …
Critical Elastic Shear Buckling Stress Hand Solution For C- And Z-Sections Including Cross-Section Connectivity,
2012
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Critical Elastic Shear Buckling Stress Hand Solution For C- And Z-Sections Including Cross-Section Connectivity, Kevin Aswegan, Cristopher D. Moen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper presents an approximate solution for the critical elastic buckling stress of cold-formed steel C- and Z-section members including cross-section connectivity. The elastic buckling solution is developed to support the extension of the Direct Strength Method to the shear ultimate limit state, where the cross sectional critical elastic shear buckling stress (load) is employed to predict shear capacity. The shear buckling stress and buckled half-wavelength are calculated with a classical energy solution for a thin plate with edges rotationally restrained. Rotational stiffness expressions in the AISI S100-07 specification, originally derived for distortional buckling of C- and Z-sections, are used …
