Philosophy Commons^™

Unruly Periods: Reproductive Futurities And The Rhetorics Of Menstruation, Hannah Taylor

All Dissertations

“Unruly Periods: Reproductive Temporalities and the Rhetorics of Menstruations” argues that dominant rhetorics of shame and regulation around menstruation work to maintain strict reproductive temporalities that uphold heteropatriarchal norms. Specifically, I draw upon scholarship in queer studies and disability rhetorics to assert that sexual health texts (such as puberty books), menstrual care products (pads and tampons), and technologies of menstruation (period-tracking apps) function as a form of chronobiolitics—a teleological force that seeks to reinforce bodily normalcy. In doing so, these rhetorics of menstruation deny or elide the embodied experiences of diverse, queer, and disabled menstruators, limiting reproductive possibilities. Reproductive justice …

Storytelling In Motion: Rhetorical Approaches To Autoethnography, Critical Pedagogy, And African Filmmaking, Sethunya Mokoko

All Dissertations

This dissertation exposes the marginalization in the education systems of my country Lesotho, South Africa, an injustice that still survives long after the plague of Apartheid. Drawing on the values in African epistemologies of storytelling, I describe and illustrate their principles, then show how storytelling can transform composition pedagogy and thus help eradicate the residue of colonization. The methodology draws from auto-ethnography, narrative, spoken word, traditional oral wisdom, and African filmmaking as counter-story and resistance to the ideologies plaguing the minds of colonized South Africans. The goal is to celebrate oral traditions while improving reading comprehension and writing. With an …

Bruno Latour's Constructivism And Its Implications For The New Agency Of Sociology, Robertus Robet, U. Abdul Rozak R

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

Abstract

Latour removes the boundaries between natural sciences and humanities. Science for Latour is cultural practise, at the same time in every cultural practice, nature and objects are also actively involved. In that sense, Latour's constructivism encourages the emergence of non-human actors as drivers of the societal changes. By that, he provoked sociology to expand its subject matter. The Social in sociology must be seen as an association involving human and non-human actors.

Key words: Constructivism, Expansion of agency, actant, actor network theory.

Konstruktivisme Bruno Latour Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ide Keagenan Sosiologi, Robertus Robet, U Abdul Rozak R

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

Abstract

Latour removes the boundaries between natural sciences and humanities. Science for Latour is cultural practise, at the same time in every cultural practice, nature and objects are also actively involved. With that, Latour's constructivism encourages the emergence of non-human actors as drivers of the societal changes. With that he provoked sociology to expand its subject matter. The Social in sociology must be seen as an association involving human and non-human actors.

A Transcendental Phenomenological Study Of The Lived Experiences Of Law Enforcement Officers Challenges In Combatting Human Trafficking In Alabama, Patience S. Johnson-Daniels

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Human trafficking (HT) is a heinous crime that has gained international attention. Millions of people (specifically young girls and women) are affected by prostitution and sexual exploitation, the most common forms of human trafficking. Currently, anti-trafficking law enforcement agencies are struggling to respond to human trafficking due to the lack of data, the hidden nature of the crime, the current service providers, and the strategies of human trafficking task forces. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study will be to understand better the challenges of law enforcement officers and the impact of law enforcement officers in combatting human trafficking. The …

Lingkungan Pengendapan Perahu Kuno Di Situs Punjulharjo, Rembang, Jawa Tengah: Sebuah Pendekatan Geoarkeologi, Andri Purnomo, Carlo Donadio, Agni Mochtar, Chiara Zazzaro

Multikultura

Studi geoarkeologi adalah pendekatan interdisiplin dalam penelitian arkeologi yang memungkinkan kita memahami bagaimana proses alam dapat mempengaruhi sebuah situs arkeologi dan bagaimana pula kita dapat merekonstruksi konteks lingkungan kuno dari sebuah situs arkeologi. Pendekatan ini sangat efektif dalam bidang arkeologi maritim, mengingat wilayah pesisir terus mengalami perubahan lingkungan baik karena faktor alam maupun antropis. Kepulauan Indonesia merupakan wilayah yang menarik untuk menerapkan pendekatan geoarkeologi dalam arkeologi maritim mengingat banyaknya sisa-sisa perahu yang ditemukan di daratan dan perubahan geomorfologi berkelanjutan terkait aliran air yang terjadi selama Kala Holosen. Artikel ini menyajikan hasil penerapan pendekatan tersebut di atas pada kasus perahu Punjulharjo …

Globalisasi Musik Populer Korea (K-Pop) Dalam Konteks Industri Budaya, Zaini Zaini

Multikultura

Musik populer Korea yang dikenal dengan K-pop mengalami perkembangan yang sangat dinamis hingga berhasil menyebar secara global dalam waktu yang sangat cepat sejak jenis musik populer ini mulai dikenal pada tahun 1990-an. Penelitian ini membahas globalisasi K-pop dengan berbagai dinamikanya yang berdampak dengan peningkatan pecinta K-pop di masyarakat global. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif bersumber dari berbagai data terkait perkembangan musik populer Korea. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan musik populer Korea (K-pop) ke dalam masyarakat global karena adanya dukungan dari berbagai pelaku dalam industri K-pop, baik pemerintah selaku pembuat kebijakan, pelaku industri musik, pengusaha dalam industri …

Prinsip Hormat Dan Tanggap Ing Sasmita Dalam Cerkak Mungkur Kabeh, Brillian Amrizaard, Darmoko Darmoko

Multikultura

Menghormati dan menghargai orang tua adalah sebuah sikap berbakti dari anak dan juga tanda bahwa seseorang memahami tata krama. Penelitian mengenai prinsip hormat dan tanggap ing sasmita ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan yang obyektif. Teori yang menjadi landasan berpikir adalah teori Hermeneutik dari Paul Ricoeur yang telah dirumuskan kembali oleh Eugenius Sumaryono (1999) sebagai salah satu cara menginterpretasikan sesuatu. Hasil dari penelitian, ada beberapa poin yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan sikap yang baik dengan menjunjung prinsip hormat dan juga terdapat sikap tanggap ing sasmita sebagai dasar untuk bersikap atau memperlakukan orang tua dengan konotasi positif. Tindakan yang diambil …

Kritik Heidegger Terhadap Esensi Teknologi Modern Sebagai Titik Tolak Pengembangan Etika Baru, Antonius Puspo Kuntjoro

Multikultura

Perkembangan yang tejadi di era digital ini memerlukan adanya pendekatan baru dalam etika karena keterbatasan etika tradisional, seperti deontologi dan utilitarianisme serta etika keutamaan, dalam menghadapi isu-isu kontemporer. Kritik filsuf Martin Heidegger terhadap esensi teknologi modern berpotensi menjadi titik awal pengembangan etika baru guna merespons persoalan-persoalan kontemporer terkait lingkungan, hegemoni teknologi, dan implikasi bisnis. Menurut Heidegger esensi teknologi modern adalah menampakkan segala sesuatu sebagai suku cadang yang siap digunakan atau dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan subjek. Esensi teknologi modern ini menimbulkan bahaya karena bersifat eksploitatif yang berujung krisis ekologis dan alienasi sosial. Menanggapi masalah-masalah kontemporer, etika Heideggerian dapat dikembangkan berdasarkan pemahaman tentang …

Struktur Sosial Dalam Kamp Calais “Jungle” Di Prancis, Dyanisa Ramadhani Salsabila, Airin Miranda

Multikultura

Kamp pengungsian imigran di Calais dibuka pada tahun 1999 dan kemudian ditutup secara resmi pada tahun 2002. Para imigran tetap datang dan membangun kamp secara ilegal setelah penutupan resmi kamp ini Kamp ini diberikan julukan kamp Calais “Jungle” pada tahun 2009 setelah kamp terus menerus berkembang karena jumlah imigran yang terus bertambah. Pada tahun 2014, jumlah imigran yang mengungsi di kamp ini mencapai 6.000 jiwa. Suatu komunitas sosial terbentuk dari berbagai etnis yang ada. Komunitas ini bekerjasama dan membuat sistemnya sendiri dalam menjalankan kehidupan mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dari Creswell (2009) dengan korpus komunitas kamp imigran Calais “Jungle” …

Tindak Tutur Menghina Dalam Film Animasi Al-Riḥlah, Fanny Haristianti, Wiwin Triwinarti

Multikultura

Kesantunan berbahasa adalah aspek penting dalam kehidupan sosial. Namun, tindak tutur yang mengancam muka mitra tutur tidak dapat dihindari pada situasi tertentu, salah satunya tindak tutur menghina yang penuh konflik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi tindak tutur menghina yang dituturkan tokoh film animasi al-Riḥlah dengan menggunakan teori strategi Face-Threatening Acts (FTA) oleh Brown dan Levinson 1987. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dalam tiga tahap, yaitu 1) teknik simak bebas libat cakap; 2) transkripsi; dan 3) catat. Selanjutnya, data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis padan ekstralingual dan disajikan melalui metode informal. Penelitian ini …

Pola Kalimat Transitif Pada Bahasa Isyarat Indonesia (Bisindo): Sebuah Studi Variasi Bahasa, Silva Tenrisara Pertiwi Isma

Multikultura

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pola kalimat transitif pada dua ragam bahasa isyarat di Jakarta dan Yogyakarta. Terdapat 228 kalimat transitif sederhana yang diperoleh dari hasil elistitasi terhadap 10 pengguna bahasa isyarat Indonesia yang berasal dari kedua wilayah tersebut. Hasil analisis terhadap pola kalimat transitif reversibel (subjek dan objek dapat dipertukarkan) dan nonreversible (subjek dan objek tidak dapat dipertukarkan) menunjukkan bahwa bahasa isyarat ragam Jakarta cenderung berpola SPO untuk kalimat reversibel, sementara pola SOP cenderung digunakan di bahasa isyarat ragam Yogyakarta. Untuk kalimat nonreversibel, bahasa isyarat ragam Jakarta memiliki pola urutan kata yang lebih fleksibel, sementara bahasa isyarat ragam Yogyakarta …

Avoiding Anthropomoralism, Julian Friedland

Between the Species

The Montreal Declaration on Animal Exploitation, which has been endorsed by hundreds of influential academic ethicists, calls for establishing a vegan economy by banning what it refers to as all unnecessary animal suffering, including fishing. It does so by appeal to the moral principle of equal consideration of comparable interests. I argue that this principle is misapplied by discounting morally relevant cognitive capacities of self-conscious and volitional personhood as distinguished from merely sentient non-personhood. I describe it as a kind of anthropomorphizing moralism which I call anthropomoralism, defined as the tendency to project morally relevant characteristics of personhood onto merely …

The Vices Of Virtues: Making Room For Moral Testimony In The Life Of The Virtuous Person, Maria Waggoner

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation sheds light on new and unacknowledged difficulties that we face in striving to be (more) virtuous. By making use of empirical literature from moral, affective, and perceptual learning, I explore the potential cognitive and psychological relationships between having a virtue in one context and the tendency to exhibit vices in another. I do this by showing how morally good behavioral habits can also lead to morally inappropriate actions, when a virtuous moral perceptual system can give rise to moral illusions, and when our basic evaluative affective responses differ in their degree of sensitivity, leading to having some virtues …

Love, Ladies, And Lucretius, Stacey Kaliabakos

Parnassus: Classical Journal

No abstract provided.

A Defense Of Explanationism Against Recent Objections, Tomas Bogardus, Will Perrin

All Faculty Open Access Publications

In the recent literature on the nature of knowledge, a rivalry has emerged between modalism and explanationism. According to modalism, knowledge requires that our beliefs track the truth across some appropriate set of possible worlds. Modalists tend to focus on two modal conditions: sensitivity and safety. According to explanationism, knowledge requires only that beliefs bear the right sort of explanatory relation to the truth. In slogan form: knowledge is believing something because it's true. In this paper, we aim to vindicate explanationism from some recent objections offered by Gualtiero Piccinini, Dario Mortini, and Kenneth Boyce and Andrew Moon. Together, these …

A World Of Difference: The Fundamental Opposition Between Transhumanist “Welfarism” And Disability Advocacy, Susan B. Levin

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

From the standpoint of disability advocacy, further exploration of the concept of well-being stands to be availing. The notion that “welfarism” about disability, which Julian Savulescu and Guy Kahane debuted, qualifies as helpful is encouraged by their claim that welfarism shares important commitments with that advocacy. As becomes clear when they apply their welfarist frame to procreative decisions, endorsing welfarism would, in fact, sharply undermine it. Savulescu and Kahane's Principle of Procreative Beneficence—which reflects transhumanism, or advocacy of radical bioenhancement—morally requires parents to choose the child who will, in all probability, have “the best life.” Assuming the emergence of potent …

Review Of Dan C. Shahar’S Why It's Ok To Eat Meat And Per Bauhn’S Animal Suffering, Human Rights, And The Virtue Of Justice, Josh Milburn

Between the Species

It’s tricky to find decent defences of meat-eating of the kind practiced by most westerners. I was thus intrigued to pick up two short books defending meat-eating. Dan Shahar’s Why It’s Ok to Eat Meat (2022) is in Routledge’s series of short books called Why It's OK: The Ethics and Aesthetics of How We Live. Per Bauhn’s Animal Suffering, Human Rights, and the Virtue of Justice (2023) is from Palgrave Pivot, which publishes books falling somewhere between journal articles and monographs. Shahar’s book is worth reading: it’s well-written, raising interesting questions, and offering a coherent defence of meat. Bauhn’s book …

Multiple Ways To Implement And Infer Sentience, Nicolas Rouleau, Michael Levin

Animal Sentience

Segundo-Ortin & Calvo’s (S&C’s) thorough review of “plant neurobiology” presents evidence supporting the possibility of plant sentience. They make a compelling case that plants anticipate, assess risk, cooperate, mimic, and pursue goals, as do their animal counterparts. S&C point out that there is a double standard: behavioural patterns associated with subjective experiences in humans are considered valid for inferring cognition in non-human animals but not in diverse other systems including plants. We argue that cognitive functions, including sentience, can potentially be achieved by very different systems and their disparate substrates. We offer some context from the basal cognition literature and …

Book Review On Methods, Methodologies, And Perspectives In The Humanities And Social Sciences: With Particular Reference To Islamic Studies - A Critical Rationalist Interpretation (By Ali Paya), Nevad Kahteran

Comparative Philosophy

No abstract provided.