Political Science Commons^™

Research On Science And Technology Innovation Strategy And Policy System: “3+5” Analytical Framework, Jiaofeng Pan, Zihao He, Xiao Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

As an important means of promoting national scientific and technological development, S&T innovation strategy and policy are advancing towards a multidimensional “synergy” among S&T, the economy, society, and the environment, and they need to encompass many internal and external elements of S&T system. Accordingly, an overall S&T policy framework covering key elements and relevant interactions should be constructed. This study proposes “3+5” analytical framework for S&T innovation strategy and policy. Specifically, (1) this study defines the conceptual connotation of “3+5” framework, and puts forward the “design layer” including guiding strategy, planning layout, and institutional arrangement, and the “construction layer” including …

Measurement, Evolution And International Comparison Of National Science And Technology Competitiveness, Kaihua Chen, Xin Wen, Chao Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The measurement of national science and technology competitiveness helps to describe the international competition pattern, and to provide decision-making reference for future-oriented science and technology policy and strategy formulation. From the perspective of input-process-output, the study proposes a three-dimensional measurement framework of potential-efficiency-strength for national science and technology competitiveness and realizes a multi-dimensional comprehensive measurement of national science and technology competitiveness, which takes the differences in both scale and efficiency into account. Based on The Report on National Science and Technology Competitiveness 2023, the study measures the national science and technology competitiveness of 34 major countries in the world and …

Global Criminal Justice Practices And Public Safety, Rachel Hwang

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Popular political discourse in the U.S. assumes that more funding for law enforcement and prison facilities will make civilians safer, presumably by reducing crime and sense of disorder. However, studies have shown that the relationship between these factors may not be as straightforward. With the killing of George Floyd and increased media coverage of police brutality, existing literature focuses mainly on the relationship between police and crime in the U.S. The impact of incarceration (the result of procedural justice) on the community (for whom procedural justice exists) is less known, especially on a global scale. We argue that cycling people …

Understanding The Lgbtq+ Divide: A Review On The Impact Of Geographic Location And Political Climate On Lgbtq+ Patient Care In The United States., Conner Clark

Cooper Rowan Medical Journal

Background:

In the United States, laws and policies are proposed and passed daily that either protect or restrict transgender patients’ access to care. The objective of this study is to review the existing body of literature on the effect of state-level policy on transgender patients’ overall health.

Methods:

Primary literature was identified through PubMed and the National Institutes of Health. Search terms included keywords related to the following concepts: LGBTQ terms, differentiating terms, regional terms, and health outcome terms. Inclusion criteria: Quantifiable studies conducted on the American LGBTQ and Transgender population from January 2015 to April 2023. Exclusion criteria: Studies …

Between Religion And Politics: The Case Of The Islamic Movement In Israel, Suheir Abu Oksa Daoud

Political Science

The power of the “moderate” branch of the Islamic Movement (Alharaka al-Islamiyya, subsequently referred to as IM) Southern Faction (IMSF) in Israel stems from its ability to adapt to different situations, reconcile with the complex reality of being an indigenous minority in a state that defines itself a “Jewish state”, and operate within the state structure accepting democratic processes that have long been debated to clash with Islamism. Besides being represented in the Israeli Knesset since 1996, the culmination of this adaptation was the joining of the movement to the short-lived Zionist coalition government on 2 June 2021 (the government …

The Bemused Conceptual Trends Of Populism, Yehya Qaoud

Journal of the Arab American University مجلة الجامعة العربية الامريكية للبحوث

This study discussed the concept of populism, which has evolved through different historical stages. The researcher reviewed the conceptual trends of populism as stated by different scholars and intellectuals as an entry for paraphrasing and analyzing the concept. The study concluded that populism is still a controversial concept in the social sciences which resists the theoretical generalizations. This is conspicuously reflected in its applications, which clearly showed structural problems in the populist thought and its reflections in the society. However, there are conceptual trends in populism that are most frequently used, not to mention the consensus among theorists on some …

Aligning Tobacco Free Living Agendas In A Community Health Improvement Plan: A Case Study On Democratic Participation And Economic Interests In U.S. Health Policy Development, David B. Tataw

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

This paper addresses the gap in studies which use democratic policy making frameworks to analyze health policy development in Community Health Improvement Plans (CHIPs). The study describes and analyzes three streams of the tobacco free living policy cycle in a Community Health Improvement Plan implemented in a Mid-Western Region of the United States from 2016 to 2020. The roles of public health interest, economic interests, and democratic participatory rights in Tobacco free health policy making are assessed. The policy making process is assessed within an integrated framework of analysis that weaves pluralist, power elite, critical democratic theories, and participatory governance …

Policy Entrepreneurs And The Advocacy For Vaccination During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Julius A. Nukpezah, Latara M. Arterberry

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

The article draws on Kingdon's Multiple Streams Framework to examine the policy entrepreneurs that emerged, the windows of opportunity they identified, and the strategies they used to advocate for mass vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic. The article indicates that politicians, public figures, and governmental and non-governmental organizations played the role of policy entrepreneurs. The article asserts that the problems of high morbidity, mortality, and economic challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic have social equity implications. Although COVID-19 vaccines are available, there is low political support for vaccination. The article draws attention to the problems, politics, and challenges of asserting COVID-19 …

Systemic Racism And Covid-19: Vulnerabilities With The U.S. Social Safety Net For Immigrants And People Of Color, Adam M. Butz, Jason E. Kehrberg

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

America has a mythologized reputation as an accommodative “melting pot” nation that welcomes individuals from all races and countries seeking improved quality of life and reduced material hardship. However, our U.S. social welfare system is more broadly characterized as underdeveloped, restrictive, and exclusionary, especially toward immigrants and people of color. Public health benefits (e.g., Medicaid), food assistance programs (e.g., SNAP), rental assistance (e.g., HCV/Section 8), and cash assistance (e.g., TANF) are oftentimes restricted for immigrants and racial minorities, making them more vulnerable to material hardship and more exposed to pandemic conditions under COVID-19. Moreover, these welfare restrictions are oftentimes rooted …

Gentrification And Nonprofit Activities For Neighborhood Development In Baltimore, Maryland And Houston, Texas, Jesseca E. Lightbourne, Aminata Sillah, Julius A. Nukpezah

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

This study examines the role of community-based nonprofit organizations in neighborhood revitalization/community development and their impact on the level of housing services. The neighborhoods in the study represent certain universalities of gentrification in older communities, and therefore selected for the study. By going beyond the profitability of gentrification, this study examines the social costs associated with gentrification through the lens of nonprofit organizations using quantitative data from Baltimore, Maryland and Houston, Texas. Taking into account nonprofit organizations as important actors in the gentrification field, this study contributes to the understanding of the social cost of gentrification and how community-based nonprofit …

From Gentrification, Systematic Racism, Policy Entrepreneurs To The Myth Of Expertise In Academia And Community Health Improvement, Andrew Ewoh

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

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Jpmsp Introductory Pages, Andrew Ewoh

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

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Jpmsp Cover Page, Andrew Ewoh

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

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Advocacy Coalitions And Canadian Energy Policy Decision: Navigating Four Pipeline Projects, Md Jannatul Ferdous Nayeem

Major Papers

The conflicting goals of sustaining the Canadian economy through energy and prioritizing climate action lead to diverse interest groups with varying views on policies advocating their positions to government. Despite energy's economic importance, climate change remains central for the Liberal government under Justin Trudeau. The management of pipeline proposals such as Transmountain, Northern Gateway, Energy East, Keystone Xl under this government showcased its balancing act between economic interests and environmental commitments. Applying the Advocacy Coalition Framework, this paper examines how governments and regulatory authorities modify the process for accepting or rejecting pipeline proposals, the evolution of interest groups in shaping …

Educating The Multi-Ethnic Population On The Municipal By-Laws: City Of Windsor, Mohammed Shiblee

Major Papers

Although more difficult to articulate than implement, educating the multi-ethnic populace about municipal by-laws is among the most difficult tasks for any Canadian administrative institution, whether provincial, federal, municipal, or even grassroots. When considering such circumstances, the present state of the Corporation of the City of Windsor, or the City of Windsor as a whole, offers both a challenge and an opportunity. In terms of challenges, Windsor is home to a vibrant, multi-ethnic community comprised of local, diaspora and minority populations, which often encounters various socio-cultural obstacles concerning the understanding and upholding of municipal by-laws. From an opportunity standpoint, the …

التجاذبات الدولية تجاه الأزمة السورية والدور الروسي فيها للفترة 2010-2022, Naser Khalid Alghofayli

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education (مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية (للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدف المقال الكشف عن التجاذبات الدولية تجاه الأزمة السورية والدور الروسي في الأزمة2010/2022، تم استخدام منهج دراسة الحالة، ومنهج الدور، ومنهج صنع القرار السياسي، وقد تم استعراض الأزمة السورية ومواقف الدول المختلفة منها، ومن أبرز النتائج: أن روسيا تدرك أهمية إبقاء النظام في سوريا هو السبيل الأفضل لتحقيق مصالحها الاستراتيجية والحيوية، والعودة بقوة الى الساحة الدولية كعنصر فاعل في إحداث التوازن بين القوى في ظل التراجع الأمريكي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط، وأنه لا يمكن ان يكون هناك أي حل في الازمة السورية الا بوجود الجانب الروسي، اختلفت توجهات الرؤساء في روسيا بين مؤيد لانفتاح روسيا السياسي والاقتصادي في النظام الدولي …

التجربة الأردنية في تطبيق مفهوم الشرطة المجتمعية المعاصرة, Mahmoud Saleh B. Al Sheyyab, Mahmoud Abdul Kareem Muffarrej Alzyod

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education (مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية (للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدف المقال التعرف إلى التجربة الأردنية في تطبيق مفهوم الشرطة المجتمعية المعاصرة. تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، وقد أشارت النتائج إلى أن تجربة الشرطة المجتمعية في مديرية الأمن العام في المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية مبنية على توجيهات ملكية سامية ومتابعة مباشرة ومستمرة من قيادة مديرية الأمن العام بناء على الاطلاع على تجارب دولية وإدراك أهمية الشرطة المجتمعية في نجاح إستراتيجية الأمن العام، كما أثبتت الدراسة أن المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية نجحت في تطبيق معاصر ونموذجي للشرطة المجتمعية ويؤكد ذلك المرتبة المميزة التي حققها الأردن في عدد من التقارير الدولية من مؤسسات عريقة ومحايدة والإحصائيات الرسمية الصادرة بخصوص معدل الجريمة …

أثر الربيع العربي على التحول الديمقراطي في الوطن العربي (2011-2021), Rozana Emad Mukhaimer Farah, Amin Awwad Muhanna Almashqbeh

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education (مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية (للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدف المقال التعرف على أثر الربيع العربي على التحول الديمقراطي في الوطن العربي (2011-2021). ولتحقيق هذا الهدف، تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، والمنهج المقارن، ومنهج تحليل النظم باعتبارها أكثر مناهج البحث العلمي ملاءمة للدراسة الحالية، وقد تمت صياغة فرضية الدراسة: "هناك علاقة ارتباطية بين الربيع العربي وبين التحول الديمقراطي في الدول العربية"، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن أثر الربيع العربي على التحول الديمقراطي كان إيجابياً تارّة بدليل حالة تونس والمغرب، بينما كان سلبياً تارةً أخرى بدليل حالة العديد من الدول العربية في مؤشر الديمقراطية العالمي وعلى رأسها سوريا واليمن وليبيا، وقد أوصت الدراسة بتعزيز آليات التداول السلمي للسلطة في الدول العربية، …

أزمة سد النهضة الأثيوبي وانعكاساتها السياسية والاقتصادية على الأمن القومي المصري خلال الفترة 2011-2021, Etaf Abdel Qader Mohammad Sa’Afin, Amin Awwad Muhanna Almashqbeh

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education (مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية (للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدف المقال تقديم لمحة عن سد النهضة الأثيوبي، وتحليل لتداعيات أزمة سد النهضة في البعد السياسي والاقتصادي عن الأمن القومي المصري، وتعالج الدراسة الفرضية التالية: "يوجد علاقة ارتباطية بين بناء سد النهضة وتعبئته وبين الأمن المائي المصري وانعكاسات ذلك على الأمن القومي المصري"، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للإجابة عن تساؤلاتها والتحقق من صحة فرضيتها، وخلصت الدراسة الى أن الموقع الذي تم اختياره لإنشاء السد كان لاعتبارات سياسية، وذو أبعاد جيوسياسية كبيرة، إذ أن هذا المكان على النيل الأزرق هو الأكثر توافراً وتدفقاً للمياه، حيث يسهم بنحو (80%) من حجم المياه القادمة لمصر، وان تخزين إثيوبيا لكميات المياه سيجعلها …

النظام البرلماني في الكويت وبريطانيا (دراسة مقارنة), Bandar Nahar F. S. Almutiri, Amin Awwad Muhanna Almashqbeh

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education (مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية (للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدف المقال المقارنة بين النموذجين البرلمانيين البريطاني والكويتي، وباستخدام منهجية علمية شاملة معتمدةً على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، والمنهج المقارن، اتضح نجاح التجربة البرلمانية البريطانية التي ترسخت عبر مئات السنين، وتطورت من سلطة مطلقة للحاكم مستمدة من نظرية الحق الإلهي، وصولاً إلى ترسيخ الحريات والحقوق العامة بفعل القوانين التي صدرت تباعاً، والتي نجم عنها القول أن البرلمان البريطاني يمثل بحق كافة فئات الشعب البريطاني كونه منبثقاً عنه، وكون السلطة التنفيذية ممثلةً بالملك الدستوري الذي يملك ولا يحكم، والوزارة المنبثقة من حزب الأغلبية في البرلمان، أما بالنسبة للتجربة البرلمانية الكويتية، فيمكن القول، أنه وعلى الرغم من حداثة هذه التجربة التي لم تتجاوز …