Cognition and Perception Commons^™

The Effects Of Truth Table Pretraining And Intradimensional Variability On Rule Learning And Attribute Identification Tasks, Eric S. Gebelein

All Master's Theses

Ss were required to sort geometrical patterns into positive or negative instances. According to (a) an attribute identification problem (wherein one of three conceptual rules was given: Disjunctive, Conditional, or Biconditional) or (b) Rule learning problem (wherein the two relevant attributes were given: either yellow, triangle or blue, circle). Intradimensional variability for each condition was either five, seven, or nine levels. The Rule effect was the only significant source of variance even though performance did worsen as intradimensional variability was increased.

False Physiological Feedback And Acceptance Of A High Fear Message, Michael T. Gray

All Master's Theses

This paper presents an attempt to differentiate between the drive reduction and parallel response theories as explanations of results obtained in fear communication research.

Forty-eight subjects were divided into four equal groups and while listening to a high fear message, three groups received false GSR feedback. The fourth group (control) received no feedback. The results failed to differentiate between the two theoretical models and also failed to support findings of an earlier study which used similar feedback techniques.

It was concluded that further research using false feedback techniques needs to be done.

The Relationship Between Self Concept And The Draw-A-Person Test, William Maurice Schaefer

Masters Theses

This study sought to expand a study by Kamano (1960) to a normal population. In that work, Kamano used the D.A.P. in conjunction with the Semantic Differential. He concluded that the Ss (schizophrenics) analyzed their drawings consistent with their own self concepts. In the present study the relation between Ss ratings of the D.A.P., their self concept, and judges ratings of the drawings were sought. It was predicted that the Ss would rate themselves and the Drawings similarly. This prediction was upheld for the Potency factor. There was interjudge reliability for this factor, but the prediction that there would be …

Hallucinations Induced By Sensory Deprivation: Fact Or Fiction?, Larry M. Latham

Honors Theses

Ancient mediators, ascetics, and others on religious quests deliberately withdrew from all sensory experience and even transcended awareness of their own body in order to open up the "inner rooms of the house of mind."

Experimenters of the modern era have attempted to analyze the various forms of hallucinations that have occurred under such "mysterious" circumstances. Contemporary sensory deprivation situations have yielded results which correspond very closely to the transcendentalism of the ancient mystics. However, the scientists of today have various means of complex experimentation available. Thus, hallucinations are no longer the mystical experiences of transcendentalists--hallucinations can be explained through …

Ames Trapezoid Illusion: A New Model, Daniel Robert Kelly

Dissertations and Theses

Current explanations for the Ames Trapezoid Illusion are based upon the the absence of cues: the illusion is said to occur at chance. A review of recent literature showed that: (a) the illusion varies in frequency as a function of target shape (b) that the dominant cue to reduce the frequency of the illusion is the variant in retinal height. Based upon the dominance of this cue a new model was presented. Following this model it was hypothesized that observers viewing partial rotation when the target produces the greatest difference in the retinal height of the ends would determine the …

Effects Of Volition And Justification On The Arousal Of Dissonance During Performance Of A Dull Task, George Roger Schoenhals

All Master's Theses

The present study seeks to add a modest degree of clarification to the present condition of dissonance theory. More specifically, its main purpose is to help define certain conditions for the arousal of cognitive dissonance.

Schedule Interactions And Stimulus Control, Andrew Louis Homer

Dissertations and Theses

Four types of schedule interactions have been defined: positive contrast, negative contrast, positive induction, and negative induction. Most work has centered on the necessary conditions for positive contrast. One position states that a reduction in reinforcement frequency is necessary; the other view states that a reduction in response rate is necessary. Neither view can account for the occurrence of induction. The present experiment tests the hypothesis that stimulus control effects the occurrence of either contrast or induction. Three pigeons were trained to respond for primary reinforcement (strong stimulus control condition), and three pigeons were trained to respond for conditioned reinforcement …

The Effects Of Motivation Level And Task Difficulty On Performance On A Vigilance Task, Donald C. Johnston

All Master's Theses

Although many variables affecting vigilance behavior have been identified, there has not been substantial agreement on the importance of these variables as contributors either to performance decrements often found in laboratory research or to performance levels in industrial inspection tasks. Two variables of presumed importance are level of motivation and task difficulty. The purpose of the present experiment was to assess the main and interactive effects of these variables on performance on a task which approximated more closely an industrial inspection task than have the bulk of traditional vigilance studies.

An Attempt To Manipulate The Results Of A Psychomotor Learning Task, Robert D. Cable

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Difference In Short-Term Memory Between Seventh Grade Students Rated High And Low In The Ability To Acquire Sport Skills, Vera Jeppesen Watkins

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigated the possibility that the short-term memory factor may be one of the variables involved in the learning of motor skills.

The subjects of the study were all of the seventh grade gym students at Logan Junior High School who were rated by their teachers as being in the upper or lower one-fourth of their class in respect to their abilities in sport skills. After a short-term memory (STM) test developed by the researcher was administered to this group, their scores were compared to determine whether there was a significant difference between the upper and lower one-fourth.

An …

Concept Identification As A Function Of Three Semantic Dimensions, Richard Eugene Edwards

All Master's Theses

It is the purpose of the present study to determine the differential effects of the three primary semantic dimensions on the ability of Ss to solve a concept identification problem. It was hypothesized that the performance level, as measured by a criterion of learning ten successive responses containing no more than one error, time to completion, and the total number of errors, will be higher for Ss working on the evaluative dimension than for Ss working on the potency or activity dimensions. Two additional hypotheses were formulated in an attempt to answer the following questions: 1) Is the ability to …

The Effect Of Dominance Level When Using Mediated Generalization To Facilitate Concept Formation, Delbert Smith Mchenry

All Master's Theses

This investigation was concerned with demonstrating differences in order of concept attainment as a function of the degree of association between a concept instance and concept response, using mediated generalization.

The Role Of Adventitious Reinforcement In Operant Discrimination, Alan Kamil, John W. Davenport

Avian Cognition Papers

Rats were trained in 2 S^D-S^Δ discrimination experiments in which the effects of an S^D-postponement contingency during S^Δ and temporal regularity of S^Δ duration were assessed. Experiment I showed that discrimination is markedly facilitated by the presence of an S^D-postponement contingency of either fixed or variable duration. Experiment II showed that variable-duration S^Δ periods in a noncontingent schedule can also greatly enhance formation of an operant discrimination. These effects were attributed to differences in the probability of adventitious reinforcement of S^Δ behavior by S^D events.

A Study Of Color Reactions And Preferences Of Certain Seventh And Eighth Grade Students, Gerald Lee Norris

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Sensory Interaction: Employing The Forced Choice Psychophysical Method To Study The Effect Auditory Stimulation Has On Visual Sensitivity, Reuben Kamper

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Cognitive Dissonance In Task-Orientedgroups Under Intermittent And Continuous Success, Arthur Hiram Strock Ii

Master's Theses

In a recent study by Burke (1961), the psychological effects of participation in task-oriented groups were studied. This study incorporated selected communication networks, the wheel, circle, and the all-channel, from a number of experimental arrangements that were conceived and developed by Bavelas (1950). Burke’s eighteen five-man groups were seated at a partitioned table containing slots in a center post through which written messages could be sent. This apparatus was similar in design to the table first used and described by Leavitt (1951). The groups worked on a task that required the members to find one symbol among five that was …

Time Effects Of Subthreshold Stimuli Upon Supraliminal Stimuli, Martin Resnick

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Study Of Self-Concepts Of The Baptist Student Union And The Christian Commission Union At Ouachita Baptist University, Mack Blackwell

Honors Theses

One of the most important attitudes that a person has is the attitude concerning his self. "What a person thinks and how he behaves are largely determined by the concepts he holds about himself and his abilities." How a person will act in any given situation is sependent on how he perceives himself and how he perceives the situations in which he is involved.

In light of the previous statement a study was made of two religiously orientated organizations at Ouachita Baptist University. The purpose of the study was to determine to what extent measurable differences were present between the …

Individual Differences In The Reduction Of Cognitive Dissonance, Richard S. Dunn

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Affect Of Simultaneous Auditory Stimulation On Absolute Visual Sensitivity, Leonard M. Fisher

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Variables Influencing Subliminal Perception, Daniel Gilman

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Children's Associations To The Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Designs, Margaret J. Garvey

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Visual Perception In Reading Readiness, Reva Cougill

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Attitude Changes Toward Mental Health As Related To A College Course In Abnormal Psychology, E. Philip Trapp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

A Review Of The Transactional Approach To Perception With Implications For Audio-Visual Instruction, Floyd A. Landsaw

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of Certain Responses To A Color Association Test, Norbett Lawrence Mintz

Psychology ETDs

The study to be presented in this thesis is a direct outgrowth of four years of work by the writer and his associates. Because none of the previous studies has been published and no statement of the over-all purpose of this study exists, it was deemed advisable to review the entire background of the present investigation. Therefore, the thesis has been divided into two parts.

Part One Shall: (1) demonstrate that the color association test resulted from a combination of color matching technique and the word association method; (2) present the purpose for which the test was developed; (3) review …