Speech and Hearing Science Commons^™

A Study Of The Relationship Between Articulation Proficiency And Auditory Conceptualization Ability, Alana Fenwick Bradley

Dissertations and Theses

This investigation compared the auditory conceptualization ability (Lindamood and Lindamood, 1970) or vocal phonics (Van Riper, 1963) of third grade students with and without articulation deficits in an attempt to determine if a relationship exists between auditory conceptualization ability and articulation ability. The specific question posed was: Is there a statistically significant difference in auditory conceptualization ability between third grade children with various degrees of articulation deficits and third grade children without articulation deficits.

Listener Perception Of Fluent, Breathy, And Imprecisely Articulated Speech Of Stutterers, Diane Carol Campbell

Dissertations and Theses

Because communication involves both a sender of messages, each person could influence the other’s feelings about speaking and listening. The reactions of each member of this communication network will determine how communication will flow in the future. With an understanding of the feedback system between speakers and listeners, researchers have designed management programs which allow the speaker who stutters to develop a new pattern of speech which does not hinder his communication efforts. Fluency is the primary consideration, and normalcy of speech is second. One such program has been devised by Casteel (1974).

In Casteel’s stuttering management program a person …

A Study Of Student Clinicians' Behaviors In Response To Feedback From The Analysis Of Behaviors Of The Clinician (Abc) System, Susan Kay Clare

Dissertations and Theses

The major goal of supervisors in the area of Speech Pathology is to help student clinicians improve efficiency and effectiveness in attaining a therapeutic goal. This study was designed to provide systemic feedback of recorded data to student clinicians to determine the effect of a particular supervisory instrument on the future performance of inexperienced clinicians. The subjects for this study were six beginning student clinicians in Speech Pathology at Portland State University, two of which were randomly selected to represent the control group.

All of the clinicians were observed for a randomly selected consecutive five-minute period from each of six …

Performance Of Adolescent Autistic Males On The Michigan Picture Language Inventory, Marcia Sharril Kline

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to compare the expressive and comprehensive language structure skills of a selected sample of normal males and adolescent autistic males, using the Michigan Picture Language Inventory (MPLI) as the investigating instrument in order to determine if a statistically significant difference existed between the two groups. The autistic and normal subjects were matched for mental age scores within plus or minus two months as measured by the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), Form B.

Seven autistic male and seven normal male subjects were selected from the greater Portland metropolitan area to be included in this …

Validation Of The Preschool Speech And Language Screening Test, Susan Jane Packouz

Dissertations and Theses

This study was designed to validate the Preschool Speech and Language Screening Test. The PSLST was designed to quickly identify those preschool children who appear to be in need of speech and/or language evaluation or intervention. Specifically, the present investigation sought to determine the proportion of children with speech and/or language problems not detected by the screening test and the proportion of children without speech and language problems who failed the PSLST.

Masking Patterns Of High Frequency Pure Tones, Judith Eide Widen

Dissertations and Theses

Previous investigations of masking have established that the action of the masking tone spreads upward in frequency, creating significantly more masking (threshold shift) above the masker frequency than below. It was the purpose of this study to investigate the masking pattern produced by high frequency pure tones, heretofore uninvestigated.

Masking patterns were obtained for nine normal hearing young adults utilizing the method of adjustment. The masking produced by an 11000 Hz pure tone of 40 dB sensation level was measured at three frequencies above and three frequencies below the masker frequency. Analysis of the data revealed a downward spread of …

Intelligibility Of Speech Compared Through Two Limiter Compression Circuits, Lee M. Odell

Dissertations and Theses

Hearing aid manufacturers commonly engineer automatic gain control (AGC) circuits which are aimed at reducing'sound tolerance problems and improving speech intelligibility among wearers. The most common type of AGC engineered is one utilizing a fast attack time. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of both fast and slow attack times on the intelligibility of speech. Twenty-four normal hearing subjects listened to sixty pre-recorded sentences through two types of hearing aid circuits. Thirty sentences were modified by a fast attack AGC circuit, and thirty sentences were modified by a slow attack AGC. The subjects marked one of four …

An Investigation Of The Influence Of Dialectal Interferences On The Nsst Scores Obtained By Portland Black Children, Margaret J. Callahan

Dissertations and Theses

The primary purpose of this study was to determine if dialectal interference as described by Walter Wolfram (Appendix B) was exhibited by black children in Portland, Oregon when given the NSST by Laura Lee. This author was concerned with syntactical interferences on the expressive portion of this test.

A secondary purpose of this investigation was to provide suggested norms for differentiating children with language deficits from children with language differences.

Seventy black children with normal speech and language were selected from two public schools, a Head Start Center and a day care center. These children were between the ages of …

The Frequency Of Retroflex /R/ Production In Elementary School Children, Vicki Barna Wood

Dissertations and Theses

In articulation treatment and diagnosis, it is essential to possess a thorough knowledge of what is “normal” as well as what is “defective” articulation. The /r/ phoneme is one of the most frequently occurring and most commonly defective sounds. There are two different tongue positions for the /r/ phoneme described in the literature (retroflex and central hump), with many assumptions about which tongue position is “normal” or “most common.” None of these assumptions, however, are based on empirical data.

The purpose of this study was to provide some normative data regarding which of the two tongue positions is most common …

An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Oral Panendoscopic Evaluations Of Velopharyngeal Physiology And Perceived Listener Judgments Of Hypernasality, Earl J. Seaver

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Differentiating Phonemic And Spectrografhic Speech Characteristics Of Daf Susceptibility, Peter J. Alfonso

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of Vocational Rehabilitation Among Northwest Laryngectomees, Susan L. Leonti

Dissertations and Theses

Rehabilitation for patients recovering from surgical removal of the larynx should include vocational considerations with accompanying economic modifications. The literature pertaining to rehabilitative management of laryngectomees revealed numerous investigations concerned with physical restoration, remedial speech training and psycho-social adjustment, while few studies have been conducted concentrating upon vocational consequences of a laryngectomy.

The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine the pre- and post-operative vocational status of laryngectomized patients residing in the Northwestern section of the United States.

An Investigation Of Handedness And Its Relationship To The Site Of Contact Ulcers, Colleen S. Colleary

Dissertations and Theses

This investigation attempted to determine the relationship of the site of contact ulcers and subject’s handedness. Literature concerned with contact ulcers has indicated that cerebral dominance tends to determine the site of the lesion. Four research questions were posed, two questions were presented in the form of the null hypothesis. The questions were: (1) Is the proportion of right-handed subjects with left-sided ulcers equal to the proportion of left-handed subjects with left-sided ulcers? (2) Is the proportion of right-handed subjects with right-sided ulcers equal to the proportion of left-handed subjects with right-sided ulcers? (3) Will the site of contact ulcers …

Verbal Sequencing Ability As A Predictor Of Reading Disability, Paul Elmer Quin

Dissertations and Theses

Early identification of children with reading and learning problems seems imperative. By using early identification predictors, a high risk group of children with possible reading problems could be located. This would facilitate placement and appropriate educational strategies for this group of children. By proper placement and planning, educators then would be able to set up remedial and/or preventive programs for these children before the pattern of unsuccessful attempts and improper training becomes irreversible. This study was designed to determine if verbal sequencing ability was a valid predictor of reading ability for a group of 31 preschool children. Secondarily, the investigation …

An Investigation Of Between-Ear Tympanometry Measures In Normal-Hearing Young Adults, Barry Lynn Kimmel

Dissertations and Theses

In recent years, tympanometry has been used to provide objective and definitive information regarding the status of middle ear conditions and functions. The present standard for tympanometric normalcy is based upon between-subject measures. This standard, however, does not allow precise differentiation between normal and pathological tympanometry curves. A within-subject comparison of right and left ear tympanometry curves of normal-hearing subjects could provide a narrow standard of tympanometric normalcy which would be more useful in differentiating between pathologic and non-pathologic middle ear function. The within-subject relationship between tympanometry curves for right and left ears was investigated by comparing the individual right …

An Investigation Of Temporary Threshold Shift Among Helmeted Motorcycle Riders, Alamander Hicks

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of the present study involved the investigation of the significance of wind noise as a contributing factor toward temporary threshold shifts among a select sample of motorcycle riders. Five ' normal-hearing, helmeted, female subjects were administered pure-tone air-conduction hearing tests immediately before and within 2 minutes after exposure to three noise-related aspects of motorcycle riding. The amount of ,hearing loss present at 3k, 4k and 6k Hz after each 20 minute exposure condition was recorded as the TTS for that subject. The three conditions consisted of motorcycle noise only, wind noise only and motorcycle and wind noise combined. …

A Comparison Of Speech Audiometric Performance Of Hypacusics With Clinic-Fitted Hearing Aids And With Master Hearing Aid, Kent Jay Nielsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Clinical audiologists at Utah State University have been using a master hearing aid as a basic part of hearing aid evaluation procedures. To ascertain the usefulness of the master hearing aid in predicting patient success with a wearable hearing aid, 20 subjects were given speech audiometric tests under the following conditions: (1) without amplification; (2) with the headset system of the master hearing aid (a system which utilizes chassis mounted microphones and external receivers of the type used with body-worn hearing aids); (3) with the ear-level system of the master hearing aid (a system which utilizes a microphone and receiver …

Comparison Of Amounts Of Verbal Response Elicited By A Speech Pathologist And A Mother In The Clinic, Sherry Lee Nelson

Dissertations and Theses

One of the primary responsibilities of a speech pathologist is the assessment of a child's language. Many studies have been done in the area of language development. The results of these studies have varied causing concern among researchers over the validity of the data gathered. Many factors that could affect the results of previous research have been investigated. Until recently, however, there has been relatively little research about the effects of examiner differences on the results of language assessments.

Research in the area of examiner differences has resulted in the discovery of factors which could affect the results of language …

The Rhetoric Of Garner Ted Armstrong, Stephen George Dick

Dissertations and Theses

Garner Ted Armstrong is fast becoming a well known religious and political commentator. The purpose of this thesis was to describe and discuss the techniques and characteristics of Mr. Armstrong's rhetoric. The question to be answered was "What are the characteristics of a successful religious broadcaster?" The method used-in the selection of the speeches to be used in this study consisted of selection a number of speeches (56), then breaking them down into theme categories. After analysis, there were eleven categories. One speech was selected from each category, and these eleven speeches were the speeches that were used in the …

The Relationship Between Functional Articulation Disorders And Self-Monitoring Auditory Discrimination, Geraldine Hahn Allison

All Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between articulation disorders and self-monitoring auditory discrimination. In developing this study, 160 children, 80 males and 80 females, from kindergarten through fourth grades, were selected as subjects. They were divided into normal and defective speaking groups based on the results of a speech screening test. An Articulation and Self-Monitoring Test was administered to these children. The results showed their total number of articulation and self-monitoring errors. These error scores were statistically analyzed with other pertinent characteristics of the subjects relative to the study. The tools of analyses were: (1) an …

Correlation Of Auditory Feedback And The Kottmeyer Diagnostic Spelling Test, Jerd Vance Tuman

All Master's Theses

This paper is a correlation study of fourth grade students' scores on the Kottmeyer Diagnostic Spelling Test and the Auditory Feedback Test. The purpose of the paper is to determine if students who are poor spellers have poor auditory discrimination. Recommendations included the use of a spelling test which requires greater auditory discrimination than the Kottmeyer Spelling Test. Also recommended is a correlation study using primary students as the population.

The Effect Of Labeling Disfluencies As 'Stuttering' And Contingent And Yoked "Wrong" On The Disfluencies Of Normal Speakers, Dennis Ray Staines

Dissertations and Theses

A labeling variable suggested by Wendell Johnson's "diagnosogenic" theory of the onset of stuttering was included in this study of the disfluencies of normal speaking college students in order to explore further the hypothetical relationship between normal disfluency and the onset of stuttering. A total of 60 Ss were randomly assigned to the following groups, each containing 10 Ss: I. Labeling Chastisement plus Contingent "wrong;" II. Labeling Chastisement plus Yoked (non-contingent) "wrong;" III. Labeling Chastisement - No "wrong;" IV. No Labeling Chastisement Contingent "wrong;" V. No Labeling Chastisement - Yoked "wrong;" VI. No Labeling Chastisement - No "wrong" …

The Structuring Of Procedures Utilized In An Adult Stuttering Treatment Program, Sarah Jane Prichard

Dissertations and Theses

In recent years, operant conditioning techniques have been effectively used to modify a variety of behaviors. For the most part, the modification of stuttering behavior has relied solely on the use of punishment. The shaping of "fluency” through differential reinforcement has been reported as a behavioral approach for the treatment of stuttering; however, the effectiveness of this technique in combination with other "teaching" tools, such as, modeling, instruction, and explanation has not been reported in the literature.

The purpose of this study was to construct behavioral definitions of terminology utilized in a stuttering treatment program at Portland State University to …

Implications Of An Oral-Gestural Training Program In The Acquisition Of Speechreading Skills, Mary Lu Wood

Dissertations and Theses

In order for the hearing handicapped child to derive maximum benefit of language acquisition through maturation, a method of receptive communication is essential at the earliest age possible. It is felt that speechreading is this method. The need for a method of training speechreading cues to prelingual, aurally handicapped children is based on the fact that most visual speechreading methods require the use of language. If speechreading can be regarded as a learning process involving the discrimination of visual cues that maybe disassociated from language expression then training the child to discriminate various facial expressions may actually enhance speech-reading ability. …

An Investigation Of The Airflow Characteristics Of Pulmonary Air Expulsion During Esophageal Speech, Alfred S. Lavorato,

Dissertations and Theses

The general purpose of this investigation was to specify further the activity of the pulmonary tract in esophageal speech. Specifically, the study sought to determine whether pulmonary airflow (PAF) rate varied in continuous speech as a function of manner of production, voicing, syllabic position, and perceived level of stoma noise. PAF rate variation was defined as the frequency and magnitude of changes occurring in association with the variables of this study.

Six esophageal speakers utilizing the inhalation method of air intake were classified as high or low stoma (pulmonary) noise speakers on the basis of ratings by three speech pathologists. …

Comparison Of Amounts Of Verbal Response Elicited By A Speech Pathologist In The Clinic And A Mother In The Home, Joan Mathis

Dissertations and Theses

Language assessment of children is an essential task of the speech clinician and many studies have been concerned with the validity of the data gathered. Few studies, however, have investigated examiner variability as a possible source of deviation in language assessment. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the amount of verbal output which children with normal language use when examined by two different examiners when the examiners are in their most comfortable setting.

Six children, four years of age, were examined by a speech pathologist in the clinic and the mother in the home and the 12 fifteen-minute …

A Validation Study Of The Predictive Screening Test Of Articulation, Stanley G. Kibbey

All Master's Theses

The primary purpose of this study will be to conduct a test of the validity of the Predictive Screening Test of Articulation. Does the PSTA identify first grade children who will master their articulation errors without speech therapy by the time they enter third grade? Conversely, does the PSTA identify first grade children who will not master their articulation errors without speech therapy by the time they enter third grade? In short, does the PSTA predict as expected? Secondary purposes of this study include the assessment of the possible effects of sex, age, intellectual functioning and socioeconomic status on the …

The Feasibility Of Employing A Neurophysiological Approach To Learning Disabilities In The Public School, Betty M. Zelman

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A number of procedures characteristic of the neurophysical approach to learning problems were employed in the Rialto Unified School District. This study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of their use in the public school setting.

The results of the investigation indicated that:

1. The practices may be employed in public schools.
2. School administrators gave support for the program.
3. School personnel either are or may be trained to carry out the procedures.
4. Chronological age appears to have little expected to be extensive.
5. Cooperation from the home cannot be expected to be extensive.
6. Further study should be given to public school uses …

A Survey Of Needs For, And Availability Of, Referral Sources For The Yucaipa Joint Unified School District Speech And Hearing Therapy Program, Matthew J. Digby

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract Not Included]

A Study Of The Relationship Between Presidential Inaugural Addresses, Socio-Political Ideologies And Presidential Policy, Floyd Samuel Ohler

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Character of Inaugural Addresses. Research concerning the character of the Inaugural Address reveals great diversity of opinion among writers. The New York Herald Tribune, after President Kennedy’s address, concluded that the function of an Inaugural address “to express… the essence of what (the President) proposes to do in the White House.” Dr. Claudius O. Johnson, in his book Government in the United States - after reviewing President Franklin Roosevelt’s first inaugural, wrote that in his address, the President “usually tries to smooth over some of the ill-feeling which recent partisan strife may have caused, appeals to all good citizens to …