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Articles 31 - 60 of 98
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
A New Theory Of The Spalling Of Fireclay Products With Relation To Thermal Expansion, Robert Legrande Stone
A New Theory Of The Spalling Of Fireclay Products With Relation To Thermal Expansion, Robert Legrande Stone
Bachelors Theses
"There is one factor that is responsible for much of the failure of refractories in furnaces and other metallurgical processes and boilers, namely spalling. Many times this action has been the cause of roofs to cave in, side walls to slump, and bungs to fail. Consequently it is a factor that is of utmost importance. The erosion and slag effects are also of greatest importance to refractory stability. Spalling, as referred to refractories, is defined as the breaking or crushing of the unit due to thermal, mechanical, or structural stresses, presenting newly exposed surfaces of the residual mass. Taking the …
A Comparative Study Of The American Society For Testing Materials Spall Test And The Federal Specifications Spall Test, Justus Jordan Beinlich
A Comparative Study Of The American Society For Testing Materials Spall Test And The Federal Specifications Spall Test, Justus Jordan Beinlich
Bachelors Theses
"Commercial brands of fireclay brick will be tested with both the American Society for Testing Materials and the Federal Specifications Spall Tests in order to determine whether the two tests are consistent in the indication of resistance to spalling. It is suggested that the properties of a refractory affecting thermal spalling are reversible thermal expansion, elasticity, heat transfer, plastic flow, and strength. It is hoped that it will be possible to explain the discrepancies that may arise in the results of this work in terms of the above physical properties or else find a reasonable agreement between the two tests"--Introduction, …
The Effect Of Reheating Certain Fire Brick On Pyrometric Cone Equivalents, Francis J. Louney
The Effect Of Reheating Certain Fire Brick On Pyrometric Cone Equivalents, Francis J. Louney
Bachelors Theses
"In a recent survey of the refractories field, especially with respect to the softening point of fire brick, it was suggested to the author that the possibility of reheating certain fire brick, according to the specifications given by the American Society for Testing Materials, might produce a difference in pyrometric cone equivalent from that of the original or unreheated sample. At present, there is considerable lack of knowledge regarding the problem, as evidenced by the utter lack of literature on the softening point resulting from the reheating of fire brick"--Introduction, leaf 1.
The Effect Of Variations In The Rate Of Heating On The P.C.E. Value Of Clays, Kenneth Emerson Evans
The Effect Of Variations In The Rate Of Heating On The P.C.E. Value Of Clays, Kenneth Emerson Evans
Bachelors Theses
"Softening temperature of ceramic materials vary with the rate of heating. Recently much discussion has centered about the proper rate of heating of cones in the P.C.E. test. The most obvious reason for the discussion is that the cones are affected by the rate of heating when tested alone for softening temperature"--Introduction, page 1.
Aventurine Glazes, Felix Fraulini
Aventurine Glazes, Felix Fraulini
Bachelors Theses
"The object of this study was to notice the effect produced upon the crystalline growth in the glaze by the variation of B₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, and SiO₂, and to notice the effect of cooling upon the crystalline growth in the glaze"--Scope of Investigation, leaf 3.
Study Of The Substitution Of Barite For Barium Carbonate In A Whiteware Body Suitable For Brick Manufacture, Charles Edward Achuff
Study Of The Substitution Of Barite For Barium Carbonate In A Whiteware Body Suitable For Brick Manufacture, Charles Edward Achuff
Bachelors Theses
"Some years ago a method of manufacturing white brick from Georgia Kaolin and apatite rock was developed. This was successful for supplying an attractive white brick to the southern trade, until difficulties were encountered in securing apatite rock of sufficiently high grade to insure the continuance of manufacture of the brick...With the foregoing facts at hand, a study was made of the utilization of an auxiliary flux to replace the apatite rock. A commercial brick was developed, wherein eight (8) per cent of this flux, with forty-two (42) per cent potters flint and fifty (50) per cent Georgia Kaolin was …
The Replacement Of Calcium Carbonate With Calcium Chloride And Calcium Fluoride In A Whiteware Body, Charles Richard Rosenbaum
The Replacement Of Calcium Carbonate With Calcium Chloride And Calcium Fluoride In A Whiteware Body, Charles Richard Rosenbaum
Bachelors Theses
"In the steel industry it is a common metallurgical practice to add fluospar sic (CaF₂), to a slag to render it more fluid. Ladoo states that the fluospar sic , thus added, forms eutechtics with the silica, alumina, calcium and barium sulfates, rendering them more fusible. The fluospar sic does not decompose, but forms solutions or eutechtics with other substances in the slag. He further states that calcium chloride (CaCl₂) has been used for this purpose but is apparently not as active, necessitating larger quantities per charge. It is also probably more expensive. Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) is commonly used as …
Pressure Transmission And Green Strength Of Clays As Affected By Time Of Ageing, William Thomas Kay
Pressure Transmission And Green Strength Of Clays As Affected By Time Of Ageing, William Thomas Kay
Bachelors Theses
"Perfect dry pressing could only be attained if the mix possessed the properties of water in so far as pressure transmission is concerned. There are many factors, however, which tend to interfere with the transmixxion sic of pressure in the clay block, such as, - Differences in grain size, friction between the grains, entrapped air, dragging of the clay on the sides of the mould box and many other minor causes. In an effort to solve some the problems that are of vital interest to the Dry Press industry, the Committee on Dry Press Process of the National Brick Manufacturers …
The Purification Of Missouri Fire Clays, James Joseph Offutt
The Purification Of Missouri Fire Clays, James Joseph Offutt
Bachelors Theses
"At the present time there appears to be an unlimited supply of high grade fire clay available for most any purpose. But some time in the future there will rise the problem of purifying the low grade clay to such an extent that it will be used in high grade fire clay products. Whatever purification method may be employed it must be applicable on a commercial scale and the cost of purification must be very low. Until the present time little if any work along this line has been reported. Apparently no one has ever attempted any serious efforts to …
Development Of An Artificial Substitute For Firestone, Joseph Edwin Stevens
Development Of An Artificial Substitute For Firestone, Joseph Edwin Stevens
Bachelors Theses
"Firestone is a natural occurring silica rock which is cut up into brick and shapes and used for lining cupolas. This rock is found in the east, mostly in Pennsylvania. It is dense, having a porosity of 5.6% raw and 16% after firing to cone 18. Its volume expansion upon firing was calculated to be 19.2%. Its appearance shows that it is evidently fine grained silica bonded with a small amount of clay and siliceous cement. This rock has such desirable characteristics for use in cupola linings that it would be of great importance to duplicate this rock synthetically in …
The Effect Of Different Rates Of Ram Movement On The Transmission Of Pressure In Dry Pressed Bodies, Frank Joseph Zvanut
The Effect Of Different Rates Of Ram Movement On The Transmission Of Pressure In Dry Pressed Bodies, Frank Joseph Zvanut
Bachelors Theses
"The object of this investigation was to study the relationship between the rate of ram movement during the initial application of pressure and the transmission of pressure in the dry press process; to study the effect of various rates of ram movement; and, as far as possible, to determine the critical rate for uniform pressure distribution within the body"--Purpose of Investigation, page 4.
The Effect Of Grain Sizing On The Strength And Porosity Of Refractory Grog Bodies, Robert Stafford Green
The Effect Of Grain Sizing On The Strength And Porosity Of Refractory Grog Bodies, Robert Stafford Green
Bachelors Theses
"The object of this work was to determine the effect of grain sizing on the strength and porosity of grog bodies. The investigation was carried out by the general method of making up bars of varying grain composition and testing them for strength and porosity"--page 1.
Georgia Kaolin As The China Clay Constituent In Floor And Wall Tile Bodies, Alfred Arthur Mitchell
Georgia Kaolin As The China Clay Constituent In Floor And Wall Tile Bodies, Alfred Arthur Mitchell
Bachelors Theses
"The replacement of the China Clay content in vitreous floor tile and porous wall tile bodies wholly by Georgia sedimentary kaolin would reduce the cost of these bodies being used in our floor and wall tile plants at present. This plastic kaolin is available in large quantities in the State of George, covering an area of about 7500 square miles. It is the intention of this work to substitute this American Clay for the more costly imported English China Clay now being used"--Introduction, page 1.
The Transmission Of Pressure In The Dry Pressing Of Typical Building Brick And Fire Brick Mixes As Affected By The Variation In Grog Size, Henry Rickel Herron
The Transmission Of Pressure In The Dry Pressing Of Typical Building Brick And Fire Brick Mixes As Affected By The Variation In Grog Size, Henry Rickel Herron
Bachelors Theses
"In the formation of dry pressed ware, the transmission of pressure is of vital importance to the quality and character of the finished product as regards the resistance to spalling, load at high temperatures, slag action, abrasion and other physical properties. Furthermore, the transmission of pressure is a limiting factor as regards the size and irregularity of shape of a product manufactured by the dry press process"--Introduction, page 1.
Size And Shape Of Clay Grains As Affected By Various Methods Of Grinding, Henry William Meyer
Size And Shape Of Clay Grains As Affected By Various Methods Of Grinding, Henry William Meyer
Bachelors Theses
"It is a common belief among those persons manufacturing dry pressed brick that the shape of grain of the clay used for this purpose would materially affect the physical properties of the resultant product. Some believe that clays, dry pan-ground, give a better product than clays disintegrated mechanically or passed through rolls. In some recent dry press investigations it was found that some milling methods gave an advantage over other methods, in the matter of pressure transmission. Due to this, a possible cause for the advantage was attributed to the shape of the grains resulting from the various methods of …
The Effect Of Small Amounts Of Chrome Ore On Dry Press Diaspore Refractories, Allen John Reid
The Effect Of Small Amounts Of Chrome Ore On Dry Press Diaspore Refractories, Allen John Reid
Bachelors Theses
"The term "Diaspore" as used in this paper will be used to mean the diaspore clay from which refractory bodies are made. The pure mineral Diaspore (Al₂O₃ . H₂O) has an Al₂O₃ content of 85%, while the best grades of diaspore clay run from 76% to 79% diaspore. Diaspore clay consists of a varying percentage of diaspore, ranging from 60% to 79%, and the remaining percentage as clay. The most objectionable impurities which occure sic in diaspore clay are alkalies. The chief source of diaspore is the central part of Missouri. It occurs in pot hole formations accompanied by "flint" …
The Commercial Value Of High Iron And High Alkalie Diaspore, William Lucius Mccracken
The Commercial Value Of High Iron And High Alkalie Diaspore, William Lucius Mccracken
Bachelors Theses
"In a recent survey of the refractory field particularly regarding high iron and high alkali diaspore it was suggested that perhaps some of these impure clays had the proper flux content to make them a body of stable volume in the initial firing operation. At present there is an apparant sic lack of information regarding the commercial value of these impure diaspores. One of the great problems in the use of diaspore refractories is the lack of stability of volume while in service subjected to severe heat treatments of varying degrees"--page 3.
The Effect Of Bentonite On The Transmission Of Pressure In Green Dry Press Blocks, Charles William Mccaw
The Effect Of Bentonite On The Transmission Of Pressure In Green Dry Press Blocks, Charles William Mccaw
Bachelors Theses
"The object in view in this work was to study the effect of the addition of bentonite on the pressure transmission of dry pressed ware, consisting of plastic fire clay. It was hoped that the bentonite would improve the transmission of the pressure to a noteable extent, forming a stronger, more evenly pressed block than has before been accounted for. This would facilitate the dry pressing of block that tended to crumble and disrupt from excessive pressure, allowing the ware to be pressed harder, and therefore making a more dense product"--Reasons For Investigation, page 4-5.
Pressure Transmission In Clays Affected By Time Of Pressure Application, Robert Edward Lee
Pressure Transmission In Clays Affected By Time Of Pressure Application, Robert Edward Lee
Bachelors Theses
"Experienced dry-press operators have long known that when they slow down their presses, to the proper speed they are able to exert more pressure on a wetter mix with out pressure cracks becoming apparent. When a clay mix is compressed in a dry-press there is a gradation of the pressure exerted, from the rams to the center, causing in some cases a soft centered brick. "Shelly brick", are undersirable sic because they do not have uniform physical properties through out. This weakens their structure, due to unequal stresses developed in drying and fireing sic. The defective structure of dry-pressed brick …
Disintegration Of Green Missouri Fire Clay Bodies At Low Temperatures, Wilbur Brooks Schofield
Disintegration Of Green Missouri Fire Clay Bodies At Low Temperatures, Wilbur Brooks Schofield
Bachelors Theses
"Several years ago in the Ceramics Lab. of the Missouri School of Mines some A. P. Green Ozark Clay test pieces were left in a drier for a period of about seven months at a constant temperature of 110C. At the end of this period it was noticed that these specimens had disintegrated and crumpled down to a powdered mass. The object of this experiment was to repeat the former test and see if the clay would disintegrate and if so why. We also wished to find if by drying at higher temperatures for a shorter length of time would …
The Transmission Of Pressure In The Dry Pressing Of Typical Building Brick And Fire Brick Mixes As Affected By The Variation In Grog Size, Stanley John Tompach
The Transmission Of Pressure In The Dry Pressing Of Typical Building Brick And Fire Brick Mixes As Affected By The Variation In Grog Size, Stanley John Tompach
Bachelors Theses
"In the formation of dry pressed ware, the transmission of pressure is of vital importance to the quality and character of the finished product as regards the resistance to spalling, load at high temperatures, slag action, abrasion and other physical properties. Furthermore, the transmission of pressure is a limiting factor as regards the size and irregularity of shape of a product manufactured by the dry press process. Prior to the time of this investigation several companies have succeeded in producing ware up to six (6) inches in depth; but an increase over six inches has resulted, in every case, in …
The Effect Of Occluded Air In Dry-Press Mixes, William Raymond Powell
The Effect Of Occluded Air In Dry-Press Mixes, William Raymond Powell
Bachelors Theses
"The effect of occluded air in clay mixes has recently become a subject of considerable importance especially since some of the defects occuring sic in dry-press ware, such as cracks and soft or granulated centers, have been either partially or wholly attributed to occluded air. According to this theory, the defects are due to the entrapping of air among the clay grains before compression, which, when the pressure is released, has a tendency to expand and cause a rupture in the bond. Also granulated centers have been explained by the fact that the entrapped air may act as a cushion, …
The Transmission Of Pressure In The Dry Pressing Of Typical Building Brick And Fire Brick Mixes As Affected By The Degree Of Pressure, Physical Character Of Mix Ingredient, And The Moisture Content Of The Mix, Ferdinand Frederick Netzeband
The Transmission Of Pressure In The Dry Pressing Of Typical Building Brick And Fire Brick Mixes As Affected By The Degree Of Pressure, Physical Character Of Mix Ingredient, And The Moisture Content Of The Mix, Ferdinand Frederick Netzeband
Bachelors Theses
"In February, 1929, the Dry Press Committee of the National Brick Manufacturers Association, in cooperation with the department of Ceramics of the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy, began several investigations relating to dry press ware. This Committee suggested a great number of possible investigations, and are now systematically proceeding along these lines. This investigation has for its object: (1) The transmission of pressure in the dry pressing of typical building brick and fire brick mixes as affected by the degree of pressure; and (2) As affected by the moisture content of the mix. this thesis contains a description of …
The Determination Of The Alumina Content In Diaspore And High Alumina Clays, W. D. Keller
The Determination Of The Alumina Content In Diaspore And High Alumina Clays, W. D. Keller
Bachelors Theses
"The determination of the alumina in diaspore and kindred high alumina clays has been a problem which has attracted the interest of ceramists and chemists ever since a sample of Missouri diaspore was first sent for analysis to the laboratories of the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy in 1917...It is the writer's intention to review in this paper the various published methods for the determination of alumina in high alumina clays and to present a new indirect one that after some months' use in industrial practice, fulfills, in some measure at least, the need outlined above"--Introduction, page 1 -2.
Mechanical Treatments Of A Missouri Fire Clay And Their Effect On Shrinkage, Porosity And Strength, Allen Richard Maune
Mechanical Treatments Of A Missouri Fire Clay And Their Effect On Shrinkage, Porosity And Strength, Allen Richard Maune
Bachelors Theses
"It is known that various kinds of mechanical treatments of clay before and during the forming operation will produce variant properties in the dry and burned states of the clay. The investigation here deals with several types of mechanical treatment before the forming operation; all forming being done by moulding by hand"--Introduction, Purpose of the Investigation, page 1.
Disintegration Of Ozark Plastic Fire Clay In The Drier, Elmer Francis Cirkal
Disintegration Of Ozark Plastic Fire Clay In The Drier, Elmer Francis Cirkal
Bachelors Theses
"During the procedure of testing Ozark Plastic Fire clay in 1928-29 a few of the test bars were unintentionally left in a laboratory drier and after some months it was found that these bars were decidedly disintegrated into a powder without any known special treatment...In order to properly investigate the cause of this phenomena it was decided to repeat the experiment under similar conditions so that no error could enter the investigation which would cause any deviation from the results previously obtained "--pages 1 -2.
A Fire Clay Cement Study, Willard E. Davis
A Fire Clay Cement Study, Willard E. Davis
Bachelors Theses
"The purpose of this investigation was to develop a satisfactory boiler setting cement from a semi-flint fire clay. This clay is now being mined and used to make refractory ware by the Wellsville Fire Brick Company, Wellsville, Missouri. It has been my intention of using only those materials which have been used by this company and following the same preparation of the clay, that is, using the machinery which is at present available in the plant"--Introduction, page 3.
The Effect Of Various Methods Of Grinding On The Physical Properties Of Unfired Dry Press Brick, Edwin Theodore Harvey
The Effect Of Various Methods Of Grinding On The Physical Properties Of Unfired Dry Press Brick, Edwin Theodore Harvey
Bachelors Theses
"In the manufacture of dry press brick, the final grinding of the clay is usually done in a dry pan. This is especially true of fire brick made by the dry press method. It is logical to assume that different types of grinding machines will impart different characteristics to the ground clay mix, as regards the grain size variation and the shape of the grains, which in turn will have an effect on the properties of the brick. The purpose of this investigation was to determine what effect different types of grinding methods have on the physical properties of unfired …
The Transmission Of Pressure In The Dry Pressing Of Typical Building Brick And Fire Brick Mixes As Affected By The Degree Of Pressure, Physical Character Of Mix Ingredient, And The Moisture Content Of The Mix, George Ava Page
Bachelors Theses
"In the manufacture of dry press brick, the final grinding and tempering of the clay is usually done in a dry pan. The next operation is forming the ware by means of applying pressure, either mechanical or hydraulic. The actual pressure that a brick is subjected to in a mechanical press has always been a question...The purpose of this investigation was to determine what effect would be imparted to the brick by varying the forming pressure and keeping the water content constant, and what effect would be imparted by varying the water content and keeping the forming pressure constant, on …
Florida Kaolin As The Chief Clay Ingredient For A Sanitary Ware Casting Body, Hugo Logan Harrod
Florida Kaolin As The Chief Clay Ingredient For A Sanitary Ware Casting Body, Hugo Logan Harrod
Bachelors Theses
"The purpose of this investigation was to utilize a large percentage of Florida Plastic Kaolin in a new sanitary ware casting body. Such a body, when worked out to be satisfactory, could be produced at a lower cost than those bodies being used in American plants at present. This particular plastic kaolin is available in large quantities in the southeastern portion of the United States. It is the intention of this work to substitute this American clay for the more costly imported English China Clay now being used in sanitary ware casting bodies"--Introduction, Purpose of the Investigation, page 1.