Engineering Commons^™

2024 World Fuel Cell Conference Held In Ningbo, Zhejiang, Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem.

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

3d-Printable Open Source Hardware Developed For Sustainable Technology, Dawei Liu

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

As open-source technology and additive manufacturing evolve, their advantages become increasingly evident, offering solutions to global challenges. This thesis presents the development of two open-source 3D-printable hardware tools to accelerate this trend: a melt flow index (MFI) tool and tourniquet tester. The MFI tool is introduced as a low-cost method for measuring the MFI of thermal-sensitive material, particularly assessing their suitability for recycling thermoplastics for 3D printing. The tourniquet tester provides a low-cost instrument for measuring the pressure of tourniquets to assess efficacy. This device offers a cost-effective solution to ensure the safety and functionality of these critical emergency tools …

Using Open Source Compression Molding And Vacuum Forming To Incentivize Localized Recycling: An Integrated Thermoforming Solution, Morgan C. Woods

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This work aims to make thermoforming more accessible to incentivize prosumer participation in localized recycling by providing a combined open source 12” x 12” compression molding and vacuum forming tool. The hardware was validated across a series of applications, each providing a different economic or functional incentive. For prosumers, this included compression forming 1/4" recycled polycarbonate and HDPE sheets, 20-gauge vacuum sheets, and vacuum formed applications with savings of up to 99.9% over commercial sources for 100-part batch production case studies. For researchers and commercial interest, the hardware was used to produce ASTM D695 standard samples of 1:1 silica sand …

Utilization Of Sodium Flame Synthesis For The Formation And Deposition Of Pure Metal Materials For Applications In Additive Manufacturing, Zachariah Wargel

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Advanced material classes, such as high temperature alloys, ceramics, and refractory materials have become a key area of focus for expansion in the realm of additive manufacturing. Factors such as high melting points, material homogeneity, and physical properties such as ductility limit the application of popular additive manufacturing methods to these material classes. By utilizing sodium flame synthesis and deposition (SFD) technology, nanoparticle materials can be synthesized via combustion in a laminar co-flow diffusion burner and impacted such that the deposits can be used to manufacture designed components. By using the applicable precursor materials of metal chlorides and elemental sodium …

63rd Annual Rocky Mountain Conference On Magnetic Resonance

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 63rd annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance, co-endorsed by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in the Copper Conference Center, Copper Mountain, Colorado, August 4-8, 2024.

Inspection Planning Of Subsea Pipeline Using Risk-Based Inspection, Ni Luh Triska Adelia, Badrul Munir, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Pipelines are an important tool in oil and gas exploration. Pipeline is a transmission and liquid collection lines, including their accessories, which transport fluids from one plant to another. In transmission and collection process, there is a possibility of failure which can have minor to major impact on personnel injury, the environment and interrupt the business process. To maintain safety and to prevent accidents, the source and cause of failure needs to be calculated. Risk-based inspection (RBI) is a method that can be used to calculate the risk and determine the inspection planning both schedule and method, by combining the …

Maintenance Notes To Improve The Reliability Of Wheel Flange Failure For Overhead Crane, Fakhri Burhanuddin, Akhmad Herman Yuwono

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Overhead traveling cranes in the industry have utility workload classifications and require high standards of safety and reliability by mobilizing lifting and transporting capacity variants of steel products, equipment, and other supports. The crane wheels are the main support in moving the end carriage so that the crane can work according to its function. Failures in the operation and maintenance cycle have occurred. Therefore, proper repair and maintenance methods are highly needed to restore the original design function to its working integrity. Logic tree analysis was used to breakdown all causes of failure; thus, mitigation was performed by carrying out …

Lifetime Prediction Of Pan Feeder Based On 3d Laser Scanning For Wear Assessment, Nony Maulidya, Dedi Priadi, Datu Rizal Asral

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Apron feeder is one of stages in crushing circuit to convey material in short distance. Pan flight is the main component of apron feeder that is severely exposed to wear mechanism due to its direct contact with open cut abrasive ore. With this operating environment of apron feeder, regular maintenance and inspection must be conducted to assess wear rate of pan’s surface to maintain equipment availability and provide information and sign before the equipment undergoes severe and sudden degradation. 3D laser scanning is method used in this study as Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) based inspection. The aim of using 3D scanning …

Hollow Connecting Rod Thin Wall Austempered Ductile Iron (Twadi) For Manufacturing Light Weight Components, Ricardina Freitas Da Silva, Bambang Suharno, Rianti Dewi Sulamet-Ariobimo

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Efforts made by the automotive industry to reduce energy consumption have encouraged researchers to carry out various studies. One way is to make components lighter by casting thin wall austempered ductile iron (TWADI). Reducing the weight of components such as connecting rods (conrod) will result in lower energy consumption, but provided that these components still meet standards in terms of mechanical properties and microstructure or even exceed them. In this research, design optimization was applied to conrod by making the area I-beam zero mm (hollow), with hope that it can replace conrod Vespa PX-150. While the manufacturing process is divided …

Effect Of Impurities In Supercritical Co2 Environment On Steel Corrosion Behavior – An Overview, Shilla Rizqi Widianto, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono, Rini Riastuti, Badrul Munir

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is one of the available technologies to reduce presence of greenhouse gasses. Implementation of CCUS technology strongly relates with the CO₂ transportation from the capturing facility to the storage in the geological reservoir. The most economical method for large-scale and long-distance CO₂ transportation is using pipeline in supercritical phase. Moreover, presence of impurities such as water, O₂, SO₂, H₂S, NO₂ may cause detrimental effect towards carbon steel pipeline. This paper intends to provide an initial information for supercritical CO₂ pipeline material selection, which …

Feasibility Study Of Using Energy Extracted From The Process Of Electrochemically Consumed Of Al 2024 For Powering Daily Used Electric Car, Yanuar Mohamad Marda, Rini Riastuti, Muhammad Hamka Ibrahim

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Usage of green energy for transportation has become important due to the contribution of transportation activity to climate change. Electrochemical energy has been used as a source of green energy. The objective of this work is to evaluate sufficiency of energy provided by electrochemically consumed Al 2024 for supplying energy to daily used PHEV electric car. Study of previous articles, observation of typical amount of energy required, electrochemical galvanic cell experiments, and simple calculations have been conducted to determine produced energy feasibility. Electrical energy produced by consuming 340 gr of Al 2024 in galvanic cells has the total lifetime of …

Root Cause Analysis Of Leakage Tube Boiler: A Study Case, Lydia Kartika Basaria Sitompul, Dedi Priadi

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Oil and gas industry can have catastrophic implications for human life, the environment, and the economy. This paper investigated failure analysis using root cause analysis especially for boiler tube leakage of Heat Exchanger. Identify the issue using microscopic examination and energy dispersive x-ray analysis were conducted on the tube inside and outside surface to determine root cause of the failure. The formation of a protective film in the aluminum-brass tube during the starting stage is very important for ensuring adequate film protection throughout the service life of the heat exchanger. During this stage, exposure to unpolluted water is essential. The …

Implementation Of Machine Learning Using Deep Neural Networks To Estimate The Failure Risk Caused By Leakage In Pressure Relief Devices, Adi Yudho Wijayanto, Yossi Andreano, M. Ali Yafi Rizky, Dedi Priadi

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The primary objective of deploying Pressure Relief Device (PRD) equipment is to ensure the safety of pressure vessels within a pressurized system. Over time, PRD equipment may degrade and fail to perform its intended function, which must be identified as a failure mode. To mitigate potential risks associated with this, it is recommended that an approach such as risk-based inspection (RBI) be implemented. Despite the widespread adoption of RBI, the method relies on qualitative techniques, leading to significant variations in equipment risk assessments. This study proposes a novel risk analysis method that uses deep learning-based machine learning to develop a …

Analysis Risk Based Inspection Api 581 On Lpg Spherical Tank At Pt. Xyz, Sigit Trahmawan, Eddy Sumarno Siradj, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) spherical tanks are pressure vessel equipment for storing fuel gas products. The high pressure along with the fuel gas inside as flammable and combustible substance means that this equipment might result major accident hazard such as explosion, fires and environmental pollution. This study is aimed calculated and mitigate risk on 500 metric ton capacity LPG spherical tank using Risk-based inspection (RBI) analysis method that makes risk as its foundation. This RBI method uses quantitative analysis referring to API 581 to determine the risk of LPG Spherical Tank by determining the probability of failure (PoF) and the …

Uncertainty Quantification In Machine Learning Models Via Gaussian Process Regression: A Comparative Study, Ayorinde E. Olatunde, Weiqi Yue, Pawan K. Tripathi, Roger H. French, Anirban Mondal

Faculty Scholarship

As the use of Machine learning models in science and engineering continues to increase, there is an increasing need for quantifying the uncertainties inherent in the predictions of these models. The more complex a model is, the more the uncertainties in its predictions increase. Amongst the plethora of methodologies used in quantifying uncertainties lies Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). GPR surmounts some of the popular shortfalls of other state-of-the-art methodologies. Although GPR has some quick wins in its application for uncertainty quantification, it is plagued with some shortfalls, such as scalability issues when the feature space increases as well as an …

Knowledge Management Of Historical Data: Ontology Development For Chemical Reactions, Quynh D. Tran, Alexander Harding Bradley, Balashanmuga Priyan Rajamohan, Jonathan E. Gordon, Van D. Tran, Kiefer Lin, Erika I. Barcelos, Laura S. Bruckman, Roger H. French

Researchers, Instructors, & Staff Scholarship

Knowledge management of the literature and historical data is critical to accelerated drug and materials discovery. Currently, literature knowledge is scattered in journal articles in various formats: diagrams, texts, plots, etc. Historical data from past experiments are saved in a number of local computers under confusing folder structures with ambiguous file names. To manage and organize historical data and knowledge, our group (SDLE) at CWRU follows FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles, which outline the best practices for data stewardship and data provenance, and ontology, a formal representation of terms and concepts and their relationships, as a tool to improve …

Stability, Mechanical Properties, And High-Pressure Structural Modifications Of Some Industrially Relevant Metallic Glasses, Alexander George

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Metallic glasses are metal-based alloys that have an amorphous structure and glass transition behavior as a result of being cooled rapidly enough to suppress crystal nucleation and growth[1]. Metallic glasses have been formed with two to eight constituents[2][3][4]; however, the most stable glass-forming systems typically contain four or more elements. With few exceptions, metallic glass-forming alloys are extremely unstable, requiring cooling rates on the order of 10⁸-10^-2 K/s to form a glassy sample. This instability translates to reheating, where onset crystallization temperatures infrequently exceed the glass transition by more than 100K. Strong glass-forming ability typically occurs over …

On The Structure, Energy, And Segregation Behavior Of Grain Boundaries In Metallic Systems, Yasir Mahmood

All Dissertations

Nearly all structural metallic systems are multi-component polycrystalline aggregates; their microstructures are composed of crystalline grains that are internally joined at grain boundaries (GBs). This thesis focuses on GB structure, energy, and chemistry, as these greatly influence many material properties and processes, including boundary dynamics during processing treatments or under operating conditions.

Using atomistic simulations, we examine the impact of metastable GB structures on solute segregation. A wide range of GB geometries and metastable structures are used in our study. The Al-Mg alloy is used because it is of interest for light weighting. The atomistic simulation results are used to …

Exploring The Synthesis Of Biobased And Chemically Recyclable Polysulfone Using Imine Chemistry, Vitasta Jain

All Dissertations

Plastic waste poses a major problem because of the chemical stability of these materials, leading to their accumulation in the environment and the leaching of toxic chemicals during their slow decomposition. Additionally, the use of depleting petroleum reserves for synthesis has made for an unsustainable production and risks due to use of chemicals hazardous to the environment and the individuals exposed to it.

To address these concerns, researchers have explored biobased feedstock and incorporating chemical recycling capabilities for a closed loop, sustainable process. One promising feedstock is lignin with its abundant functional groups that can be modified and utilized to …

Physics-Informed Machine Learning Methods For Inverse Design Of Multi-Phase Materials With Targeted Mechanical Properties, Yunpeng Wu

All Dissertations

Advances in machine learning algorithms and applications have significantly enhanced engineering inverse design capabilities. This work focuses on the machine learning-based inverse design of material microstructures with targeted linear and nonlinear mechanical properties. It involves developing and applying predictive and generative physics-informed neural networks for both 2D and 3D multiphase materials.

The first investigation aims to develop a machine learning method for the inverse design of 2D multiphase materials, particularly porous materials. We first develop machine learning methods to understand the implicit relationship between a material's microstructure and its mechanical behavior. Specifically, we use ResNet-based models to predict the elastic …

Development Of Iii-V And Iv Epitaxy On Sapphire Technology, Emmanuel Wangila

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This research presents comprehensive insights into the epitaxial growth of germanium (Ge) on c-plane sapphire substrates using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The direct growth of Ge on sapphire typically yields three-dimensional (3D) Ge islands with diverse growth directions, multiple primary domains, and twinned crystals. However, incorporating a thin AlAs nucleation layer proves instrumental in enhancing surface and material quality. With a 10 nm AlAs layer, the achieved surface exhibits improved characteristics, including a smoother surface, single epitaxial orientation, sharper rocking curve, and a single domain. This study surpasses previous works by achieving a single primary domain and reducing twinning. Furthermore, …

Molecular Beam Epitaxy Of Gesn On Iii-V Substrates For Photonic Applications, Calbi Gunder

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores the advancement of germanium-tin (GeSn) as a tuneable narrow bandgap material, crucial for the development of high-efficiency photodetectors and laser devices in near- and mid-infrared technologies. We investigate the synthesis challenges, particularly the lattice mismatch between GeSn alloys and substrates, which significantly affects their crystalline and optical qualities. Through molecular beam epitaxy, we examine the growth of Ge and GeSn on GaAs (001) substrates, employing Ge/GaAs and Ge/AlAs buffer layers to investigate these challenges. Our findings, characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and photoluminescence, demonstrate the production of high-quality Ge layers, achieving …

Investigating Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer With Titanium Carbide Mxenes And Slanted Columnar Thin Films, Sean Luke Murray

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This work investigates the mechanisms to manipulate and control the magnitudes of Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer (NFRHT) using two-dimensional materials and nanostructured surfaces. NFRHT occurs when the geometrical features of the radiating objects or the separation distance between interacting bodies are comparable to or lower than the characteristic thermal radiation wavelength. NFRHT magnitudes surpass the blackbody limit by several orders of magnitude due to phenomena such as photon tunneling and new modes of energy transfer, like surface polaritons. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how material properties and surface nanostructures affect NFRHT.

The first part of this work examines the …

Fused Filament Fabrication Of Ceramic Matrix Composite Preforms Via Thermo-Oxidative Stabilization Of Polyetheretherketone, Samuel Pankratz

Masters Theses

Carbon-fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are frequently used in applications where high thermo-mechanical loads are induced along with weight limitations. The first step of producing the fibrous preform allows the near-net shape of the final part to be formed with fibers placed in the desired orientation, typically relying on traditional polymer matrix composite (PMC) manufacturing methods. Recent work has demonstrated a new method to produce discontinuous fiber preforms through various forms of additive manufacturing including fused filament fabrication (FFF). This work uses Polyetheretherketone with carbon fibers (CF PEEK) for additive manufacturing of the carbon-rich polymer precursor. Critically, thermoplastic precursor materials …

Development And Structural Origin Of Stretchable Semiconducting Polymers And Composites, Yunfei Wang

Dissertations

Stretchable semiconductors are pivotal in advancing wearable and implantable electronics, with those boasting both high stretchability and self-healing capabilities being especially significant for a myriad of wearable applications. In this dissertation, we developed an extremely soft, highly stretchable, and self-healing elastomer based on H-bonding crosslinked amide-functionalized polyisobutylene (PIB-amide). When blended with a high-performance conjugated diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP-T) polymer, the composite exhibits unprecedented stretchability, exceptionally low elastic modulus, and an innate ability to self-heal at room temperature.

The morphology of conjugated polymer/elastomer semiconducting composites have significant impacts on electrical and mechanical properties Further investigations focused on manipulating the phase separation size in …

Microstructure-Based High Temperature Processing And Failure Analyses Of Engineering Alloys Under Complex Conditions, Dong Han

Doctoral Dissertations

From traditional petrochemical applications to contemporary manufacturing techniques, advanced structural materials are subjected to intricate thermomechanical and environmental conditions. In these engineering domains, high-temperature deformation plays a pivotal role, profoundly influencing the ultimate outcomes of industrial applications. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of this deformation remain elusive, largely due to the absence of a microstructure-based mechanistic understanding of high-temperature processing and failure of materials.

This dissertation endeavors to comprehensively examine these mechanisms through computational methodologies, focusing on three quintessential topics: grain boundary cavitation failures (2 examples: stress relaxation cracking (SRC) and grain size dependence), high-temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA), and additive friction …

Understanding The Microstructure And Tribological Performance Of Cocrfeni-Based High Entropy Alloys, Ali Azarmi

All Theses

Due to their higher wear resistance compared to conventional alloys, high entropy alloys (HEAs) are now being considered as candidates for parts undergoing sliding contact during their lifetimes. While the engineering field has built some knowledge related to the performance of selected high entropy alloys, such as the CoCrFeNi alloy, more research is needed to determine if (how) expansions from four to five principal alloying elements alter the performance compared to the initial alloy. In this study, we started this research effort by investigating the relative performance of CoCrFeNiMn and CoCrFeNiTi with respect to CoCrFeNi. The two primary alloying elements …

Computational Studies Of Charge-Transfer Mechanisms In Electrochemical Materials, Mohammadreza Reza Nouri

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents from University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Understanding charge transfer mechanisms of electrochemical reactions is critical for advancing a variety of electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies such as water electrolysis, fuel cells, and batteries. (Photo)electrochemical water splitting, involving OER at the anode and HER at the cathode, presents an environmentally friendly way of storing energy from renewable sources in the form of pure hydrogen. While a lot of emphasis has been placed on developing highly active and stable OER/HER catalysts, our atomic-level understanding of the underlying charge transfer mechanisms falls behind.

In this work, we focus on both Faradaic and non-Faradaic charge transfer mechanisms to investigate …

Laser Surface Processing For Enhanced Adhesion Between Diamond Coatings And Metallic Substrates, Zhipeng Wu

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents from University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

Application of diamond coatings on metallic substrates endows them with superior properties including mechanical robustness and corrosion resistance, rendering them highly adaptable for diverse industrial and technological applications. However, significant disparities in coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) result in pronounced residual stress near interfaces, causing delamination of the diamond coatings. Moreover, weak chemical bonding poses a concern for certain metallic substrates. Laser surface processing techniques show promise in enhancing adhesion by altering stress distribution and improving mechanical bonding. Therefore, the research efforts described in this dissertation mainly focus on femtosecond (fs) laser texturing for enhanced adhesion of diamond coatings on …

Functional Properties Of Bulk And Meta-Material High Entropy Alloys, Cameron Jorgensen

Doctoral Dissertations

High Entropy Alloys (HEAs) are a class of material which is well-known for their high-temperature mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. In these materials, the entropy of mixing is used to encourage alloying between elements which are typically immiscible, sometimes described as alloying beyond the Hume-Rothery Rules. Specifically, the entropy of mixing is increased by including multiple elements on a single lattice site, increasing the free energy cost associated with phase separation. In the HEA community, this ‘high entropy effect’ is typically associated with alloy containing five or more elements. Achieving alloying between immiscible elements generally means the atomic size and/or …