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2004

Organizational Behavior and Theory

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Full-Text Articles in Business

Strategy Viewed From A Management Fashion Perspective, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark Mar 2004

Strategy Viewed From A Management Fashion Perspective, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This article argues for the greater inclusion of external agents within strategy research. Drawing on the emergent management fashion literature, it conceives of these as a group of actors operating within a management fashion‐setting arena. The outputs of this community dominate conceptions of what are deemed legitimate strategic actions. They thus have a critical, if presently neglected, impact on the nature strategy. The roles of the members of the management fashion‐setting community are described and three promising areas of research outlined.


"I Think They Discriminated Against Me": Using Prototype Theory And Organizational Justice Theory For Understanding Perceived Discrimination In Selection And Promotion Situations, Michael M. Harris, Filip Lievens, Greet Van Hoye Mar 2004

"I Think They Discriminated Against Me": Using Prototype Theory And Organizational Justice Theory For Understanding Perceived Discrimination In Selection And Promotion Situations, Michael M. Harris, Filip Lievens, Greet Van Hoye

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Research in industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology has generally focused on objective measures of employment discrimination and has virtually neglected individuals' subjective perceptions as to whether a selection or promotion process is discriminatory or not. This paper presents two theoretical models as organizing frameworks to explain candidates' likelihood of perceiving that discrimination has occurred in a certain selection or Promotion situation. The prototype model stresses the importance of the prototypical victim-perpetrator combination, the perceived intention of the decision-maker, and the perceived harm caused as possible antecedents of perceived employment discrimination. In the organizational justice model, procedural, informational, interpersonal, and distributive fairness play …


Divisional Multimarket Contact Within And Between Multiunit Organizations, Arturs Kalnins Feb 2004

Divisional Multimarket Contact Within And Between Multiunit Organizations, Arturs Kalnins

Arturs Kalnins

The theory of multimarket contact has important but uninvestigated implications for interactions among a firm's divisions because divisions often meet and even compete in multiple geographical and product markets. I hypothesize that firms with incentives to induce competition among divisions will act to reduce levels of multimarket contact among those divisions. Further, I predict that, in markets with substantial uncertainty, firms will increase divisional multimarket contact. I find support for these hypotheses in the setting of the franchised fast-food industry.


The Relationships Between An Individual's Margin In Life And Readiness For Change, Susan R. Madsen, Duane Miller, Cameron John, Emily Warren Feb 2004

The Relationships Between An Individual's Margin In Life And Readiness For Change, Susan R. Madsen, Duane Miller, Cameron John, Emily Warren

Susan R. Madsen

Effectively managing change is one of the most critical challenges organizations today face. Increasing the readiness for change (RFC) of employees may be one of the most important interventions an organization can initiate. This study investigated the relationship of employee RFC and margin in life (MIL). It studied the relationship of various demographics to employees' MIL. Results suggest there is a significant correlation between MIL and RFC, age, educational level, and length of employment.


An Empirical Investigation Of Interviewer-Related Factors That Discourage The Use Of High Structure Interviews, Filip Lievens, Anneleen De Paepe Feb 2004

An Empirical Investigation Of Interviewer-Related Factors That Discourage The Use Of High Structure Interviews, Filip Lievens, Anneleen De Paepe

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

High structure interviews appear to be less frequently used in personnel management practice than might be expected given their good reliability and validity. Although several authors have speculated on the factors of resistance to high structure interviews, empirical research is very scarce. Two studies are conducted among experienced human resources representatives who frequently conduct employment interviews. The first study provides a fine-grained description of the degree of structure used in interviews, showing that in most interviews constraints are placed only on the topical areas to be covered and that scoring is done only on multiple criteria. The second study tests …


Management Fashion As Image-Spectacle: The Production Of Best-Selling Management Books, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, David Greatbatch Feb 2004

Management Fashion As Image-Spectacle: The Production Of Best-Selling Management Books, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, David Greatbatch

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Drawing on the work of Guy Debord's Society of the Spectacle and Daniel Boorstin's The Image, this article argues that aesthetic and management fashions are not separate forms, as both represent the preeminence of the image spectacle. Central to this is the increasing emergence of pseudoevents and synthetic products. Using empirical findings from a study of the production of six best-selling management books, it shows that they are manufactured coproductions that result from an intricate editorial process in which the original ideas are moulded in order for them to have a positive impact on the intended audience. Central to this …


Removing The Shadow Of Suspicion: The Effects Of Apology Versus Denial For Repairing Competence- Versus Integrity-Based Trust Violations, Peter H. Kim, Donald L. Ferrin, Cecily D. Cooper, Kurt T. Dirks Feb 2004

Removing The Shadow Of Suspicion: The Effects Of Apology Versus Denial For Repairing Competence- Versus Integrity-Based Trust Violations, Peter H. Kim, Donald L. Ferrin, Cecily D. Cooper, Kurt T. Dirks

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Two studies were conducted to examine the implications of an apology versus a denial for repairing trust after an alleged violation. Results reveal that trust was repaired more successfully when mistrusted parties (a) apologized for violations concerning matters of competence but denied culpability for violations concerning matters of integrity, and (b) had apologized for violations when there was subsequent evidence of guilt but had denied culpability for violations when there was subsequent evidence of innocence. Supplementary analyses also revealed that the interactive effects of violation type and violation response on participants' trusting intentions were mediated by their trusting beliefs. Combined, …


The Music Of Management: Applying Organization Theory, Dennis R. Young Jan 2004

The Music Of Management: Applying Organization Theory, Dennis R. Young

2014 Faculty Books

With the exponential growth of social media and the internet, and growth of the global economy, the very nature of organizations has changed. Organizations are now flatter, substitutions have been made between staff work and technological infrastructure, organizations have greater global reach, competition for resources is fiercer, and organizations have become more embedded in complex networks, with boundaries blurring between one organization and another. While this landscape is much changed and the solutions to organizational management may be different, the basic organizational functions and challenges, as analyzed in this book, remain the same. Organizational activities must be coordinated to achieve …


Looks Aren't Everything: Aren't Managers Concerned With Actually Being Fair, Terri A. Scandura Phd, Cecily D. Cooper Jan 2004

Looks Aren't Everything: Aren't Managers Concerned With Actually Being Fair, Terri A. Scandura Phd, Cecily D. Cooper

Management Faculty Articles and Papers

The justice literature has unequivocally noted how important it is employees feel they are treated fairly. Accordingly, managers often find themselves in predicaments of injustice which they must resolve. Research on social accounts describes strategies managers can use to make themselves “seem fair,” thus, alleviating their predicament. But in taking an impression management perspective of justice, this literature fails to acknowledge that many managers actually want to “be fair.” Based on the latter assumption, we propose an alternative framework for understanding how managers will address justice-related predicaments.


Validity Of Scandura And Ragins' (1993) Multidimensional Mentoring Measure: An Evaluation And Refinement, Stephanie L. Castro, Terri A. Scandura Phd, Ethlyn A. Williams Jan 2004

Validity Of Scandura And Ragins' (1993) Multidimensional Mentoring Measure: An Evaluation And Refinement, Stephanie L. Castro, Terri A. Scandura Phd, Ethlyn A. Williams

Management Faculty Articles and Papers

The establishment of a mentoring relationship can be important to an individual‘s career for multiple reasons. However, in order to study this construct, we must be able to accurately measure it. In this paper, three separate studies were conducted to examine and refine Scandura and Ragins‘ (1993) multidimensional mentoring measure. In Study 1, an empirical assessment of the content validity of the measure was conducted. The convergent and discriminant validity, reliability, and item-total correlations were then examined in Study 2, and the measure was reduced to nine items. The convergent and discriminant validity, reliability, and item-total correlations of this reduced …


What Do The Ibbottson Historical Studies Really Prove About Firm Size, Risk And Return?, Michael Sack Elmaleh Jan 2004

What Do The Ibbottson Historical Studies Really Prove About Firm Size, Risk And Return?, Michael Sack Elmaleh

Michael Sack Elmaleh

I deny that the Ibbottson historical studies prove that small and medium caps outperform large caps because they are more risky. First, I question whether covariance measures are necessarily a good proxy for risk. The higher levels of volatility associated with small and medium cap versus large cap may be a statistical artifact: the greater number of transactions associated with large caps as compared to small caps may account for this difference. Secondly, higher returns on small and medium caps may be a function of less efficient information distribution for these securities as compared to large caps. Finally, can we …


Entrepreneurial Activity In Chile - Gem Report 2004, Alfredo Enrione, Ricardo Sanhueza, Alvaro Pezoa, Gerardo Martí, Nicolás Beza Jan 2004

Entrepreneurial Activity In Chile - Gem Report 2004, Alfredo Enrione, Ricardo Sanhueza, Alvaro Pezoa, Gerardo Martí, Nicolás Beza

Alfredo Enrione

No abstract provided.


Shaping The Body & Soul Of The Board: The Role Of Institutional Pressures, Alfredo Enrione, Fernando Zerboni Jan 2004

Shaping The Body & Soul Of The Board: The Role Of Institutional Pressures, Alfredo Enrione, Fernando Zerboni

Alfredo Enrione

The world is witnessing a massive and generalized effort to improve the practices within the board of directors. However, there is still little understanding of the processes by which these new practices or models are adopted. Moreover, there is a growing consensus that the most important challenge is improving not only the more structural and visible attributes of the board but the internal dynamics that are much harder to monitor by a third party. This work seeks to bring some light into this discussion by analyzing the role of the environment in the adoption of specific board features. We propose …


When Conscientiousness Isn’T Enough: Emotional Exhaustion And Call Volume Performance Among Call Center Customer Service Representatives Jan 2004

When Conscientiousness Isn’T Enough: Emotional Exhaustion And Call Volume Performance Among Call Center Customer Service Representatives

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.


Interactive Effects Of Personality And Situation On Workplace Deviance Jan 2004

Interactive Effects Of Personality And Situation On Workplace Deviance

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.


Personality And High-Maintenance Behavior Jan 2004

Personality And High-Maintenance Behavior

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.


Corporate Responsibility To Provide Work-Family Programs, Susan R. Madsen Jan 2004

Corporate Responsibility To Provide Work-Family Programs, Susan R. Madsen

Susan R. Madsen

Defining and determining the responsibility of business organizations to provide and assist employees with work-family programs and initiatives (e.g., employee assistance programs, parental leave extensions, childcare, elder care benefits, flextime, compressed workweek, and telecommuting) is a current critical issue that has ignited controversy during the past few decades. The author argues that work-family programs (at some level) should be a part of every company and should be strongly linked to employer benefits. To expand and implement work-family programs and services in companies today, she argues that training and educating business leaders about work-family options and benefits is the best solution. …


Viewing Corporate Wellness Programs As Systems, Susan R. Madsen Jan 2004

Viewing Corporate Wellness Programs As Systems, Susan R. Madsen

Susan R. Madsen

Although interest in corporate wellness continues to increase in workplaces in various countries, many businesses still consider employee wellness as unrelated to the organization and its functions. Some continue to view wellness as having little or no financial impact on an organization and, therefore, not part of the overall organizational system. This paper argues that wellness programming should be analyzed as both a freestanding system and also a subsystem of the overall business. By viewing it through the general systems theoretical lens, the wellness system can find its place and be ultimately seen as integral within the overall organizational system.


Training And Development: An Adult Education Guide For Public Health Professionals, Susan R. Madsen Jan 2004

Training And Development: An Adult Education Guide For Public Health Professionals, Susan R. Madsen

Susan R. Madsen

The purpose of this publication is to provide and/or reference valuable tools to help public health workers deliver more effective training. Many trainers do not consider themselves trainers (hello, this might be you). In many cases, they were simply asked to conduct training “A”, or implement workshop “B”, without adequate tools, knowledge or an understanding of the purpose of the training. This scenario leaves many of us in the category of “reluctant trainer.” A common sentiment may be that, “I will train others because I was asked to, but I’d rather be at the dentist.” If a person is reluctant …


Organizational Forming In Amodern Times: Reinserting The Dynamic Into The Organizational, Paul Donnelly Jan 2004

Organizational Forming In Amodern Times: Reinserting The Dynamic Into The Organizational, Paul Donnelly

Conference papers

While there is an obvious concern that “new organizational forms” are appearing, and despite the topic receiving increased attention, scholars, as yet, have been unable to theorize, grasp or account for these new forms adequately. In continuing to look for the ‘new’ with ‘old’ lenses, we are seeing neither real departure from Weberian conceptualizations other than oppositional approaches still in search of an essential entity, nor much consideration given to the possibility that the paradigmatic approach to form is also part of the problem. In light of this, I posit that thinking within a modernist epistemological framework has served to …


Organizational Cultures Of Libraries As A Strategic Resource, Michelle L. Kaarst-Brown, Scott Nicholson, Gisela M. Von Dran, Jeffrey M. Stanton Jan 2004

Organizational Cultures Of Libraries As A Strategic Resource, Michelle L. Kaarst-Brown, Scott Nicholson, Gisela M. Von Dran, Jeffrey M. Stanton

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

Theorists have suggested that organizational culture is a strategic resource that has value in ensuring the continuing existence and success of organizations (Michalisin, Smith, & Kline, 1997; Barney, 1986, 1991; Hult, Ketchen, & Nichols, 2002; Gordon, 1985). This assertion is supported by various studies that have linked organizational culture to broad strategic outcomes such as an organization’s ability to manage knowledge (Davenport, Long, & Beers, 1998; Storck & Hill, 2000), innovation capability (Hauser, 1998), and strategic management of information technology (Kaarst-Brown & Robey, 1999; Reich & Benbasat, 2000; Schein, 1985). Based on this research, we suggest that there are characteristics …


Writing Reflective Case Studies For The Engineering Management Journal (Emj), Timothy Kotnour, Rafael Landaeta Jan 2004

Writing Reflective Case Studies For The Engineering Management Journal (Emj), Timothy Kotnour, Rafael Landaeta

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper's intent is to help authors write reflective case studies for the Engineering Management Journal (EMJ). We offer a process to convert an applied research project with an organization to an EMJ manuscript. Writing a reflective case study is a process of abstracting experiences into approaches, processes, tools, challenges, and "lessons" for a broad audience of engineering managers. This paper serves as a guide for authors to write reflective case studies.


Gender Bias In Internet Employment: A Study Of The Effects Of Career Advancement Opportunities For Women In The Field Of Itc, Andra Gumbus, Frances Grodzinsky Jan 2004

Gender Bias In Internet Employment: A Study Of The Effects Of Career Advancement Opportunities For Women In The Field Of Itc, Andra Gumbus, Frances Grodzinsky

WCBT Faculty Publications

Women as individuals experience subtle discrimination regarding career development opportunities as evidenced by research on the Glass Ceiling. This paper looks at the ramifications of technology, specifically the Internet, and how it affects women's career opportunities.


Expert Knowledge And The Role Of Consultants In An Emerging Knowledge-Based Economy, Hans-Dieter Evers, Thomas Menkhoff Jan 2004

Expert Knowledge And The Role Of Consultants In An Emerging Knowledge-Based Economy, Hans-Dieter Evers, Thomas Menkhoff

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In the emerging globalised knowledge society/economy, a group of professionals, namely experts and consultants gain in importance. The paper discusses the following issues: Who are these experts and consultants? Why is this group of knowledge workers strategically important and why is their importance - socially in terms of number of persons and economically in terms of output or turnover - growing? How can we explain the increasing professionalisation of consultants? How do they gain their expertise and which role does academic knowledge play in professional attainment? How do consultants package and apply expert knowledge? What are the challenges experts and …


From Dramaturgy To Theatre As Technology: The Case Of Corporate Theatre, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Iain Mangham Jan 2004

From Dramaturgy To Theatre As Technology: The Case Of Corporate Theatre, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Iain Mangham

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This article examines a piece of corporate theatre. Although theatre has entered organization studies through the dramatistic writing of Kenneth Burke and the dramaturgical writings of Erving Goffman, this article is concerned with an approach variously described as organizational, radical, situation or corporate theatre that treats theatre not primarily as a resource, an ontology or a metaphor but as a technology. This approach involves the deployment by an organization of dramatists, actors, directors, set designers, lighting specialists, and musicians to put on performances in front of audiences. Using frameworks derived from studies of theatre a particular piece of corporate theatre …


Bias In The Correlated Uniqueness Model For Mtmm Data, James M. Conway, Filip Lievens, Steven E. Scullen, Charles E. Lance Jan 2004

Bias In The Correlated Uniqueness Model For Mtmm Data, James M. Conway, Filip Lievens, Steven E. Scullen, Charles E. Lance

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This simulation investigates bias in trait factor loadings and intercorrelations when analyzing multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) data using the correlated uniqueness (CU) confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model. A theoretical weakness of the CU model is the assumption of uncorrelated methods. However, previous simulation studies have shown little bias in trait estimates even when true method correlations are large. We hypothesized that there would be substantial bias when both method factor correlations and method factor loadings were large. We generated simulated sample data using population parameters based on our review of actual MTMM results. Results confirmed the prediction; substantial bias occurred in trait …


Notes From An ‘Intelligent Island’: Towards Strategic Knowledge Management In Singapore’S Small Business Sector, Thomas Menkhoff, Yue Wah Chay, Benjamin Loh Jan 2004

Notes From An ‘Intelligent Island’: Towards Strategic Knowledge Management In Singapore’S Small Business Sector, Thomas Menkhoff, Yue Wah Chay, Benjamin Loh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This essay outlines some of the benefits and challenges of implementing strategic knowledge management systems in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with reference to respective initiatives in the Republic of Singapore. The article addresses following research questions: What is knowledge management (KM) and why has it become an issue? How can SMEs benefit from strategic KM? What are the potential pitfalls of KM applications in small firms? What are the strategic imperatives of using KM in SMEs? Do small and large firms require different KM systems? What are the critical success factors which have to be considered during implementation? How …


Procedural Priming Effects On Spontaneous Inference Formation, Kirmani Amma, Michelle P. Lee, Carolyn Yoon Jan 2004

Procedural Priming Effects On Spontaneous Inference Formation, Kirmani Amma, Michelle P. Lee, Carolyn Yoon

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Procedural priming refers to how the frequent or recent use of certain cognitive procedures on one task can lead to a greater propensity to use the same procedures on a subsequent task. In this paper, we demonstrate how procedural priming may be used to assess spontaneous inference formation in situations where the inference involves a relationship or rule. We do so in the context of the advertising cost–product quality rule, i.e., that higher advertising expense implies higher product quality. Prior research suggests that underlying the advertising cost–quality rule is a basic human attribution (the effort investment rule) that says, if …


Emotional Intelligence And Negotiation: The Tension Between Creating And Claiming Value, Maw Der Foo, Hillary Anger Elfenbein, Hwee Hoon Tan, Voon Chuan Aik Jan 2004

Emotional Intelligence And Negotiation: The Tension Between Creating And Claiming Value, Maw Der Foo, Hillary Anger Elfenbein, Hwee Hoon Tan, Voon Chuan Aik

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

As a departure from past research on emotional intelligence (EI), which generally examines the influence of an individual's level of EI on that individual's consequences, we examined relationships between the emotional intelligence (EI) of both members of dyads involved in a negotiation in order to explain objective and subjective outcomes. As expected, individuals high in EI reported a more positive experience. However, surprisingly, such individuals also achieved significantly lower objective scores than their counterparts. By contrast, having a partner high in El predicted greater objective gain, and a more positive negotiating experience. Thus, high EI individuals appeared to benefit in …